2017届全国高考英语阅读理解专练（6）

　　山东省胶州市2017英语阅读理解专练（6）及答案（高考一轮）

　　【四川省成都市2017届高三英语摸底测试模拟试题（二）】

　　Turning left under a bridge in Beijing, Hu Xingxin, 24, suddenly braked to a stop in front of a yellow light at a busy crossroad.

　　“According to the new traffic regulations, running a yellow light is equal to running a red one,” said the Beijing-based IT technician. “Since the new rules came into effect I’m always ready to hit the brakes to avoid a penalty.”

　　Authorities have since changed the rules and running a yellow light no longer results in a 6-point punishment.

　　New traffic regulations are the latest measure to improve road safety, which has become a problem in China. Experts say that to achieve better road safety, various and comprehensive methods are needed. Updating the rules are only part of the story.

　　According to the WHO (World Health Organization), traffic accidents kill more people around the world than malaria and are the leading cause of death for young people aged 5 to 29 -- especially in developing countries. Each year up to 1.3 million people are killed and more than 50 million injured in traffic accidents around the world.

　　The economic consequences are also significant: according to a study by the World Bank and Harvard University, traffic accidents on average cost a country 1 to 3 percent of its annual Gross National Product..

　　The newly revised regulations impose much heavier punishment on drivers who violate traffic rules. Under the new regulations, 52 different violations result in penalties, up from 38 under the previous system.

　　Eleven kinds of violations now result in the deduction of 12 points, compared to six points under the previous regulation. These violations include drunken driving and using fake license plates, as well as driving without a valid license.

　　But traffic regulations are only one aspect of many regarding problems with road safety in China. Other components of road safety include technology and urban design.

　　43. What is true according to the passage?

　　A. Traffic accidents leads to very serious economic consequences.

　　B. Malaria causes more deaths every year than traffic accidents.

　　C. Running a yellow will result in a 6-point deduction.

　　D. Most violators of the new traffic rules will end up in prison.

　　44. The main reason of the new traffic regulations is _______

　　A. to reduce economic loss.

　　B. to limit the sale of alcohol.

　　C. the requirement of the WHO.

　　D. to make the road safer.

　　45. Which violation will not lead to a deduction of 12 points?

　　A. Drunken driving.

　　B. Running a red light.

　　C. Using fake license plates.

　　D. Driving without a license.

　　46. Which measure is not mentioned in the passage to improve road safety?

　　A. A better design of the city.

　　B. Proper application of advanced technology.

　　C. More involvement of the government and organizations such as the WHO.

　　D. Stricter traffic regulations.

　　【参考答案】43-46 ADBC

　　【四川省成都市2017届高三英语摸底测试模拟试题（二）】

　　The works of Shakespeare and Wordsworth are boosters to the brain and better therapy than some guide books, researchers say this week.

　　Scientists, psychologists and English academics at Liverpool University have found that reading the works of the Bard and other classical writers has a beneficial effect on the mind, catches the reader’s attention and triggers moments of self-reflection. Using scanners (扫描仪器), they monitored the brain activity of volunteers as they read works by William Shakespeare, William Wordsworth, T.S Eliot and others.

　　They then “translated” the original texts into more “straightforward”, modern language and again monitored the readers’ brains as they read the words.

　　Scans showed that the more “challenging” essays and poetry set off far more electrical activity in the brain than the much plainer versions.

　　Scientists were able to study the brain activity as it responded to each word and record how it was “activated” as the readers encountered unusual words, surprising phrases or difficult sentence structure.

　　This “activation” of the mind lasts longer, shifting the brain to a higher speed, encouraging further reading.

　　The research also found that reading poetry, in particular, increases activity in the right hemisphere of the brain, helping the reader to reflect on their own experiences, which they compare with what they have read. This, according to the researchers, meant that the classic works were more useful than guide books.

　　Philip Davis, an English professor believes "The research shows the power of literature to shift thinking patterns, to create new thoughts, shapes and connections in the young and adults alike.”

　　47. What does the underlined “it” stand for in paragraph 5?

　　A. Each word of the literary works.

　　B. A certain difficult sentence structure.

　　C. The scanner.

　　D. Brain activity.

　　48. How was the experiment carried out?

　　① The classics were rewritten in simpler languages.

　　② A reader’s brain activity was recorded when reading original Shakespeare.

　　③ Compare the electrical activities of the brain.

　　④ A reader’s brain activity was recorded when reading the revised versions.

　　A. ①③④②

　　B. ②④①③

　　C. ②③①④

　　D. ②①④③

　　49. What is the possible benefit of reading classic works according to the study?

　　A. It would help increase the sale of Shakespeare plays.

　　B. It helps readers learn more difficult grammar.

　　C. It inspires regular readers to think out of the box.

　　D. It forces readers to train the left hemisphere of their brain.

　　50. What might be the author’s attitude towards reading classics as therapy?

　　A. Doubtful

　　B. Positive

　　C. Indifferent

　　D. Opposing

　　【参考答案】47-50 DDCB

　　阅读理解(二)

　　A MENTORING(导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to Banbury youth.

　　Young Inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.

　　Alex Goldberg，the program's founder，said：“We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.”

　　“We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.For example，we've secured internships(实习) with world­famous firms such as Honda.”

　　“At a time of funding cutbacks where schools are finding it more and more difficult to offer this kind of mentoring，it is extremely important that these opportunities are available both to help youth with their school work and grades and to give them opportunities which may help shape their futures.” Kieran Hepburn,14，is one of a group of Banbury youth who has benefited from the program so far.In October the Banbury School pupil was accompanied by Young Inspirations staff to Paris where he was an observer at the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) International Youth Forum(论坛)．

　　The event was held for young people from around the world，to seek their views on how the future of youth and education should look.Kieran joined several hundred observers mostly in their 20s and was the only UK school pupil to attend the event.Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience.“Before we left I didn't quite know what to make of it but when we got there we didn't stop，it was amazing，” he said，“We went to three or four hours of debates each day and then did something cultural each afternoon.”

　　The main theme of the forum was how youth can drive change in political and public life.It dealt with issues(问题) such as drug abuse，violence and unemployment.

　　Kieran said：“It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.”

　　The Young Inspirations mentoring sessions take place each Friday in Banbury.For details visit www.younginspirations.com.

　　9．The Young Inspirations mentoring program aims to

　　______.

　　A．train staff for world­famous firms

　　B．offer job opportunities to young adults

　　C．provide youth with unique experiences

　　D．equip the unemployed with different skills

　　解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的“‘We set up Young Inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences...'”可知目的是给青年提供独特的经历。

　　答案　C

　　10．According to Alex Goldberg，it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to ________.

　　A．the lack of support from firms

　　B．the cultural differences

　　C．the effect of unemployment

　　D．the shortage of money

　　解析　推理判断题。由第五段中的“funding cutbacks”(削减资金)可知，缺乏资金给导师制的发展带来了困难。

　　答案　D

　　11．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A．the visit to the United Kingdom was amazing

　　B．Kieran has made great progress in many aspects

　　C．the youth have found a way to solve their problems

　　D．the mentoring sessions are held every day except Friday

　　解析　推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的“‘It has really helped me to improve my confidence and social skills as well as my school grades and I was voted most improved pupil at school in August.'”可知Kieran在很多方面取得了进步。故选B项。

　　答案　B

　　12．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Alex Goldberg，Founder of Young Inspirations

　　B．Young People Find a World of Opportunity

　　C．Kieran，Banbury School Pupil to Paris

　　D．Debates Help Youth with Their Grades

　　解析　标题归纳题。本文主要就Alex Goldberg创建了导师制，给青年人提供了了解社会、获得社会经验的机会，最后这个项目扩大到国际范围，给青年人改变自己和社会的机会。所以正确答案为B。

　　答案　B

　　较难题目特训：介绍说明类

　　While some dictionaries define the word “right” as “a privilege” when used in the context of “human rights”, we are talking about something more basic. Originally, people had rights only because of their membership in a group, such as a family. Then, in 539 BC, Cyrus the Great, after conquering the city of Babylon, did something totally unexpected—he set all slaves free and let them return home. Moreover, he declared people should choose their own religion. Cyrus’ statements are about the first “human rights” declaration in history.

　　Every person has certain basic rights, simply by the fact of being human. These are called “human rights” rather than a privilege, which can be taken away at someone’s sudden desire. They are “rights” because they are things you are allowed to be, to do or to have. These rights are there for your protection against people who might want to harm or hurt you. They are also there to help us get along with each other and live in peace.

　　Yet many people, when asked to name their rights, will list only freedom of speech and belief and perhaps one or two others. There is no question that these are important rights, but the full scope of human rights is very broad. They mean choice and opportunity. They mean the freedom to get a job, adopt a career, select a partner of one’s choice and raise children. They include the right to travel widely and the right to work without trouble, abuse and threat of arbitrary (霸道) dismissal. They even embrace the right to leisure.

　　In ages past, there were no human rights. Then the idea turned up that people should have certain freedoms. And that idea, in the wake of World War II, resulted finally in the document called the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the thirty rights to which all people are entitled.

　　1. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

　　A. What Are Human Rights?

　　B. Why Do We Have Human Rights?

　　C. How Do Human Rights Come Into Being?

　　D. What To Do With Human Rights?

　　2. How did the first human rights come into being?

　　A. By Cyrus conquering the city of Babylon.

　　B. By Cyrus setting the slaves free.

　　C. By Cyrus making his statement about human rights.

　　D. By choosing ones own beliefs.

　　3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A. Human rights can be taken away for some reason.

　　B. Human rights have the same meaning as privileges.

　　C. Human rights can help you live a peaceful life.

　　D. Human rights can be used to hurt others.

　　4. The underlined word “embrace” in the third paragraph means　.

　　A. to seekB. to includeC. to enjoyD. to share

　　5. From the last paragraph we can infer that　.

　　A. people would have freedom rather than human rights

　　B. at the beginning of 20th the more complete rights appeared

　　C. thirty human rights have existed for about 70 years

　　D. World War II decided human rights

　　【参考答案】12. ACCBC

　　较难题目特训：节能环保类

　　Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However, being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need. We are dealing with the results of that over-consumption in the greenest way possible, but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.

　　The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005. It now makes up a third of a typical household’s waste in the UK. In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.

　　Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK, for example, is running out of areas for burying this unnecessary waste. If such packaging is burnt, it gives off greenhouse gases which go on to cause the greenhouse effect. Recycling helps, but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem, too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However, a few of them are coming round to the idea that this cannot continue, encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags, for example.

　　But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especially true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products, which often have far more packaging than necessary.

　　There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle, we are beginning to realise just how much unnecessary material we are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consumer culture, but we have a mountain to climb.

　　1. What does the underlined phrase “that over-consumption” refer to?

　　A. Using too much packaging.

　　B. Recycling too many wastes.

　　C. Making more products than necessary.　

　　D. Having more material than is needed.

　　2. The author uses figures in Paragraph 2 to show　.　

　　A. the tendency of cutting household waste

　　B. the increase of packaging recycling

　　C. the rapid growth of supermarkets

　　D. the fact of packaging overuse

　　3. According to the text, recycling　.　

　　A. helps control the greenhouse effect　

　　B. means burning packaging for energy

　　C. is the solution to gas shortage

　　D. leads to a waste of land

　　4. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

　　A. Unpackaged products are of bad quality.

　　B. Supermarkets care more about packaging.

　　C. It is improper to judge quality by packaging.

　　D. Other products are better packaged than food.

　　5. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A. Fighting wastefulness is difficult.

　　B. Needless material is mostly recycled.

　　C. People like collecting recyclable wastes.

　　D. The author is proud of their consumer culture.

　　【参考答案】11.1-5 DDACA