2017届河北省高考英语阅读理解一轮限时训练（8）

　　河北省武强县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮限时训练题（8）及答案

　　【重庆市名校联盟2017联合, 从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C 和D)中, 选出最佳选项。

　　The Erie Canal was the first important national waterway built in the US. It crossed New York from Buffalo on Lake Erie Troy to Albany on the Hudson River. It joined the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean. The canal served as a route over which industrial goods could flow into the west, and materials could pour into the east. The Erie Canal helped New York develop into the nation’s largest city.

　　The building of the canal was paid for entirely by the state of New York. It cost $ 7,143,789, but it soon gained its price many times over. Between 1825, when the canal was opened, and 1882, when toll charges(过运河费) were stopped, the state collected $121,461,891.

　　For a hundred years before the Erie was built, people had been talking about a canal which could join the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. The man who planned the Erie Canal and carried the plan through was De Witt Clinton. Those who were against the canal laughingly called it “Clinton’s Ditch(沟)”. Clinton talked and wrote about the canal and drew up plans for it. He and Governor Morris went to Washington in 1812 to ask for help for the canal, but they were unsuccessful.

　　Clinton became governor of New York in 1817, and shortly afterwards, on July 4,1817, broke ground for the canal in Rome, N.Y. The first part of the canal was completed in 1820. As the canal grew, towns along its course developed fast. The length of the canal is 363 miles.

　　44. We can see that the Erie Canal ________.

　　A. joined the Great Lakes together

　　B. crossed New York from north to south

　　C. played an important part in developing New York City

　　D. was the first waterway built in the US

　　45. It can be inferred that ________ into the Atlantic Ocean.

　　A. the Great Lakes flow

　　B. the Hudson River flows

　　C. Lake Erie flows

　　D. the Erie Canal flows

　　46. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? ______

　　A. The Erie Canal brought profits of over $114, 000, 000.

　　B. It’s 363 miles from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.

　　C. The West was more advanced than the East when the canal was built.

　　D. Many other states helped New York built the canal.

　　47. We can draw a conclusion that _______，according to the passage.

　　A. Clinton broke ground for the canal at both ends.

　　B. Clinton started building the canal before he became governor.

　　C. All parts of the canal were completed at the same time.

　　D. Construction of the canal took eight years.

　　【参考答案】 44—47、CBAD

　　【陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2017第六次模拟】C

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

　　“Enough” with the multivitamins already. That’s the message from experts behind three new studies that tackled an often debated question: Do daily multivitamins make you healthier?

　　“We believe that the case is closed - supplementing(补充) the diet of well-nourished adults with (most) mineral or vitamin supplements has no clear benefit and might even be harmful,” concluded the authors of the editorial summarizing the new research papers. They urge consumers to not ‘waste’ their money on multivitamins. “The ‘stop wasting your money’ means that perhaps you’re spending money on things that won’t protect you long term,” editorial co-author, Dr. Edgar Miller said, “What will protect you is if you spend the money on fruits, vegetables, nuts, beans, low fat dairy, and things like that. Exercising would probably be a better use of the money.”

　　The strong message was based on a review of the findings from three studies that tracked multivitamins link to cancer protection, heart health, and brain and cognitive(认知的) measures. The first study looked at vitamin supplementation’s role in preventing chronic(慢性的) disease. The next study looked at whether long-term use of multivitamins would have any effect on slowing cognitive decline. The third study looked specifically at multivitamins and minerals role in preventing heart attack. “The three studies found no difference in rates of chronic disease, heart attack and the need for hospitalization between vitamin-takers and placebo(安慰剂)-takers.” Dr. Edgar Miller stated.

　　One expert agreed some nutrient-deficient people may still benefit from multivitamins. “There might be an argument to continue taking a multi(vitamin) to replace or supplement your not healthy diet,” Dr. Edgar Miller added. He also notes that vitamins can benefit people with celiac disease and those who are pregnant.

　　53. This text is likely to be selected from a book of

　　.

　　A. medicine

　　B. education

　　C. food

　　D. business

　　54. Which of the following is NOT Dr. Edgar Miller’s opinion according to the passage?

　　A. Vitamins should not be used for chronic disease prevention. Enough is enough.

　　B. Having a balanced diet and exercising would probably be a better way to keep healthy.

　　C. The three studies do not provide support for use of multivitamin supplements.

　　D. Taking vitamins to replace or supplement your healthy diet is necessary.

　　55. What can be inferred from the text?

　　A. Vitamin supplements have proved harmful to the health of adults.

　　B. Vitamin supplements are beneficial in certain conditions.

　　C. Nowadays taking vitamin supplements is common to most people.

　　D. Daily multivitamins will make you healthier.

　　56. The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to___________.

　　.

　　A. persuade

　　B. describe

　　C. inform

　　D. instruct

　　【参考答案】阅读理解53-56 ADBC

　　C8 [2017·江西卷] ----C

　　Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

　　Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else's world from the inside, stepping_into_his_or_her_shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way. The energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

　　Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don't want to hear.

　　It wasn't until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的). In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of the psychotherapy(心理疗法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient's sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

　　66. The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．

　　A. preparing a topic list first

　　B. focusing on one's own mind

　　C. directing the talk to the desired results

　　D. experiencing the speaker's inside world

　　67．What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?

　　A. How to listen well.

　　B. What to listen to.

　　C. Benefits of listening.

　　D. Problems in listening.

　　68．According to the author, in communication people tend to ________．

　　A. listen actively

　　B. listen purposefully

　　C. set aside their prejudices

　　D. open up their inner mind

　　69．According to the author, the patients improved mainly because ________．

　　A. they were taken good care of

　　B. they knew they were truly listened to

　　C. they had partners to talk to

　　D. they knew the roots of problems

　　70．What type of writing is the article likely to be?

　　A. Science fiction.

　　B. A news report.

　　C. A medical report.

　　D. Popular science.

　　【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了倾听的好处，并通过自己作为医生的亲身体验说明倾听对于病人来说是最好的疗法。

　　66. D　考查词意猜测。由画线短语所在句前部分“…to experience as far as possible someone else's world from the inside…”可推出画线短语应该是“走进说话者的内心世界”的意思。

　　67. A　考查段落大意。由第二段的内容以及第二段第一、二句“Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is…”可知此段主要讲述了如何才能听得好。

　　68. B　考查细节理解。由第三段第二句“…what we are usually doing is listening selectively.”可知在交流中我们倾向于有选择地也就是有目的地听。

　　69. B　考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“…one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有疗效的)．”可知真正被倾听是最有疗效的医治方法。

　　70. D　考查推理判断。综观全文，本文主要说明了倾听的好处，故此篇文章应该属于通俗(大众)科普类文章。

　　C8 [2017·辽宁卷] ----C

　　Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can't make us tired.It sounds absurd.But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue(疲劳)．To the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we would find it full of fatigue toxins(毒素) and fatigue products.But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.

　　So far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired?

　　Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional(情感的) attitudes.One of England's most outstanding scientists, J．A. Hadfield, says, “The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr.Brill, a famous American scientist, goes even further.He declares, “One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”

　　What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciated—those are the emotions that tire sitting workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.

　　64．What surprised the scientists a few years ago?

　　A．Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborer's blood.

　　B．Albert Einstein didn't feel worn out after a day's work.

　　C．The brain could work for many hours without fatigue.

　　D．A mental worker's blood was filled with fatigue toxins.

　　65．According to the author, which of the following can make sitting workers tired?

　　A．Challenging mental work.

　　B．Unpleasant emotions.

　　C．Endless tasks.

　　D．Physical labor.

　　66．What's the author's attitude towards the scientists' ideas?

　　A．He agrees with them.

　　B．He doubts them.

　　C．He argues against them.

　　D．He hesitates to accept them.

　　67．We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic, sitting workers need to

　　________．

　　A．have some good food

　　B．enjoy their work

　　C．exercise regularly

　　D．discover fatigue toxins

　　【要点综述】 本文是议论文，主要讲科学家们发现大脑本身能不知疲倦地工作许多小时，导致我们疲劳的不是脑力工作本身，而是一种令人不愉快的情感，所以我们在工作中应该保持愉快的心情。

　　64．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“But a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue.”可知大脑能不知疲倦地持续工作许多小时。

　　65．B　细节推断题。根据最后一段中“No! A feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety…”说明是一种令人不愉快的情绪导致疲劳。

　　66．A　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here is an astonishing and significant fact…”和最后一段最后两句的描述可知，作者完全赞同科学家的看法。

　　67．B　推理判断题。既然“一种令人不愉快的情绪会导致疲劳”，那么为了保持活力，sitting workers要享受他们的工作。

　　【浙江省2017模拟冲刺试题】B

　　It can be as simple or as complex as you want. Anybody who enjoys the cinema knows that when the final credits roll they include everyone who has contributed — Director, Performers, Best Boy, Make Up, etc.

　　It usually takes over a hundred people working a year to make a feature film, ten people to produce a pop promo (流行电视节目预告片) and around twenty to film a documentary. The reason so many people are involved is because films need to be made quickly and on budget.

　　Many famous directors started by making films completely on their own — Orson Welles, George Lucas, Robert Rodrigues. You may not have the special effects and big budgets of Hollywood but you do have time on your side. Use it to experiment and make a few mistakes. It’s the way to learn. And that’s where the fun begins. Go on; make a film.

　　Now, let’s talk about how to prepare for the shoot (拍摄).

　　If you’re making the film with other people, organize your cast and crew effectively. Make sure everybody knows their role and what day and time they’re needed.

　　Give people specific jobs so they can become experts in their field. For example, a sound recordist listens to the sound through headphones as it’s being recorded, and holds an extra microphone if needed.

　　A camera operator frames the picture, sets focus, checks the light and records the action.

　　The editor “cuts” the picture together after it’s shot.

　　A producer is the contact point for the film. He or she makes sure crew and cast are there on time, talks to the press and organizes the budget.

　　A director has to make sure their vision is communicated. To do this everyone needs to be clear about what the director expects from each scene and each shot.

　　You may also need a make-up-artist, a choreographer, a driver, etc. However, you can quite easily make your first film on your own. Make a schedule that says which shots are to be taken where and when (this is called a shooting schedule) and when you’ve completed a take, cross it off the list. Remember that you may want to shoot “out of sequence”, e.g. shoot the last scene first, and the first last. Similarly if the film begins and ends by a tree in the park, it may make sense to film both scenes while you’re there.

　　Continuity is particularly important in drama. Take a Polaroid camera and take photos to capture details. You may need to come back to a scene days later. When you decide your locations, consider whether you need permission to use the space, how noisy it will be and what the light will be like at the time of day you will need to use it. Is there power available? Are you likely to be interrupted?

　　If you’re making animation (动画片) or any computer generated stuff, have a space that you can control. You may need extra lights and you may need to leave work in progress. Make sure people living with you are aware what’s happening. Animation needs a lot of undisturbed concentration and patience. Keep at it and it’ll pay off. Aardmann and Disney both started off at home experimenting with clay (黏土), pens and a camera.

　　46. A director knows the purpose of each step of the work, but_______________________ .

　　A. he needn’t tell others about that

　　B. other members just follow his orders

　　C. he must have it known and well understood by others

　　D. others may have their own ideas and special ways of working

　　47. To shoot a film, a shooting schedule must be fixed first ___________________________.

　　A. but it may be crossed off if unnecessary

　　B. but you needn’t work exactly on it

　　C. and each step must be carried out by it

　　D. and no one can change it once settled

　　48. It can be inferred from the next-to-last paragraph that ____________________________.

　　A. you need to ask others’ advice when deciding locations

　　B. it is easy to find a proper location to shoot a film

　　C. once you find a good place to film you must check it later

　　D. unexpected things may happen while you are shooting in a place

　　49. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

　　A. Preparations for making animation.

　　B. The importance of family’s support.

　　C. The equipment of making animation.

　　D. Successful stories of Aardmann and Disney.

　　46. C 事实细节题 根据A director has to ... 可知，导演要清楚拍摄的每个步骤，而且要让每个工作人员都了解其目的和所要达到的效果。

　　47. B 事实细节题 根据倒数第三段可知，拍摄时间表要事先制定，但随着场景的需要在顺序上可灵活调整。

　　48. D 推理判断题 倒数第二段提到，拍外景要考虑外景地是否被允许使用，要考虑外景地的环境，包括噪音、光线、电力供应等，由此推测如果考虑不周，有可能会发生意想不到的事情。

　　49. A 段落大意题 最后一段谈到拍摄动画片时，需要准备一个空地、额外的灯光、安排工作进度、得到身边的人的理解与支持等等，这些都是关于如何做拍摄动画片的准备工作。

　　【解析与观点二】

　　46. D根据第二段可知作者那时已经没什么钱了，故只能租一间偏远点的房子，因为便宜。

　　47. B 根据第一段可知作者想通过工作来排除和忘却孤独无助的局面。

　　48.D 根据It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about how we can all get by together.可知正确答案为D。

　　49. A 根据倒数第三段 Up on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my relationships with my neighbors.可知作者和邻居的关系相当融洽。