2017届高三英语一轮检测21　Unit 1　Great scientists（人教版必修5）

　　课后限时自测(二十一)Ⅰ.语法填空

　　Cars and trucks are not the only vehicles where phones and other devices can cause distraction(分心)．In 2008，one engineer of a train was texting and ran through a red signal and ran into __1__ train.That crash killed twenty－five people.In 2009，two airline pilots became distracted by their personal laptops during a flight.They __2__(fly)one hundred sixty kilometers past the city __3__ they were supposed to land.In 2010，two Hungarian tourists died in __4__ boat crash on the Delaware River.The accident happened __5__ a crew member on a boat __6__(pay)attention to a cellphone and a laptop computer.Almost everyone knows about the risks of distracted driving.But what about distracted walking people __7__ get struck by cars or trains while walking，__8__(wear)headphones？A new report says the United States had 116 headphone－related pedestrian crashes __9__ 2004 to 2011.Three times as many of these happened in the last two years as in the first two years.The researchers say the increase over time closely follows the rise in the __10__(popular) of mini players.Seventy percent of the crashes killed the pedestrian.

　　【语篇解读】　手机等电子产品的使用，不仅可能使司机、飞行员分心而导致事故的发生，也可能增加步行者被机动车撞到的风险。

　　【答案】　

　　1．another　考查限定词。此处意为一辆火车撞上了另一辆火车，故应用another“又一，另一(事物或人)”。

　　2．flew　考查动词时态。由上文的时间状语“In 2009”可知，该句是在描述过去发生的事实，故此处应用一般过去时。

　　3．where　考查定语从句。根据句意可知，该空引导定语从句修饰the city，并在从句中作地点状语，故填where。

　　4．a　考查冠词。此处泛指一次撞船事故，且boat的读音以辅音开头，因此应用不定冠词a。

　　5．because　考查原因状语从句。根据句意可知，该空后的部分表示原因，因此用表示原因的连词because。

　　6．had been paying　考查动词的时态。事故发生的原因是船上的一个船员的注意力一直在他的手机和便携式电脑上。表示过去某一时间之前一直在做某事，故用过去完成进行时。

　　7．who　考查定语从句。该空在此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，并在从句中作主语，故填who。

　　8．wearing　考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，“戴着耳机”作整个句子的伴随状语。因wear这一动作是由句子主语people发出的，所以用现在分词短语作伴随状语。

　　9．from　考查介词。from...to...表示“从……到……”。

　　10．popularity　考查词性转换。此处表示这与迷你播放器的逐渐流行紧密相关。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　There was once an old wise man who lived on top of a mountain.Whenever the villagers had a problem，they would __1__ the mountain and ask the old man for advice.

　　One day a young man __2__ to ask the old man a question.“Wise man，”he asked，“What makes a man truly __3__？”

　　The old man looked at him and said，“Do you sincerely want to know？”

　　“Yes，yes！”the young man __4__．

　　“Well，”the wise old man said to him，“Let me tell you __5__ a story.”

　　There was once a __6__ man who suffered from a deadly disease.Knowing that he would die soon，he was the first to __7__ the army when his country was in a battle with the enemy.Hoping to __8__ in battle，he would fight in the front line，__9__ himself without any worry for his life.__10__ they won the battle and he was still alive.His general was so __11__ with his bravery which contributed much to the victory.

　　The general decided to __12__ him and award him with medals of bravery and honor.On the day of __13__，he was looking very down and sad.__14__，the general asked him the reason and was told of his deadly disease.“How could I let such a __15__ soldier die？”the general thought.So the general hired the best physician and finally __16__ the soldier.But from that day onwards，the once valiant Greek soldier was __17__ seen at the front.He would always avoid__18__ and try his best to __19__ his life.

　　“Young man，”the wise man said，“if you want to be truly great，you must not be __20__ of dying，you must be daring.”

　　1．A.climb upB．get down

　　C．walk around

　　D．look up

　　【解析】　根据文章第一句“There was once an old wise man who lived on top of a mountain”可知，人们得爬上山去寻求智慧老人的帮助。climb up意为“爬上去”。

　　【答案】　A

　　2．A.refused

　　B．agreed

　　C．remained

　　D．decided

　　【解析】　句意：一天，一个年轻人决定上山询问老人一个问题。decide意为“决定，就……拿定主意”，符合文章意思。

　　【答案】　D

　　3．A.alive

　　B．great

　　C．happy

　　D．strong

　　【解析】　根据文章最后一句“...if you want to be truly great，you must not...”可知，年轻人问智慧老人怎样成为真正的伟人。

　　【答案】　B

　　4．A.asked

　　B．complained

　　C．replied

　　D．explained

　　【解析】　上文中老人问了一个问题，故此处年轻人应是“回答”(reply)老人的问题。

　　【答案】　C

　　5．A.in search of

　　B．in the form of

　　C．in need of

　　D．in aid of

　　【解析】　本题考查固定搭配。in search of意为“搜查”，in the form of意为“以……的形式”，in need of意为“需要”，in aid of意为“帮助”，下文老人讲了一个故事，故此处选B项。

　　【答案】　B

　　6．A.German

　　B．Swedish

　　C．Scottish

　　D．Greek

　　【解析】　由下文中出现的“the once valiant Greek soldier”可知此处选D项。

　　【答案】　D

　　7．A.leave

　　B．join

　　C．attend

　　D．establish

　　【解析】　本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：他第一个报名参军…… “参军”要用动词join。

　　【答案】　B

　　8．A.win

　　B．die

　　C．survive

　　D．learn

　　【解析】　根据上文可知，这个人得了绝症(a deadly disease)，故可推知他想战死沙场，故选B项。

　　【答案】　B

　　9．A.hurting

　　B．devoting

　　C．exposing

　　D．satisfying

　　【解析】　根据语境可知，这个人在战场上冲锋陷阵，不惧任何危险，expose oneself without any worry for one's life可理解为“将生命置之度外”。

　　【答案】　C

　　10．A.Firstly

　　B．Independently

　　C．Eventually

　　D．Especially

　　【解析】　句意：最终他们赢得了战争…… firstly意为“首先”，independently意为“独立地”，eventually意为“最终”，especially意为“尤其是”，故选C项。

　　【答案】　C

　　11．A.impressed

　　B．worried

　　C．bothered

　　D．disappointed

　　【解析】　根据下文将军对他的奖赏可知，这个人的勇敢给将军留下了深刻的印象。be impressed with意为“对……有印象”。

　　【答案】　A

　　12．A.interrupt

　　B．interview

　　C．promote

　　D．liberate

　　【解析】　与下文“award him with medals...”一致的奖励措施应当是“提拔”(promote)了他。

　　【答案】　C

　　13．A.departure

　　B．presentation

　　C．competition

　　D．display

　　【解析】　根据上下文语境可知，这应是在“授予式”(presentation)当天。

　　【答案】　B

　　14．A.Curiously

　　B．Eagerly

　　C．Fortunately

　　D．Occasionally

　　【解析】　这个人在本该开心的时候情绪失落，将军应会感到“好奇”(curiously)。

　　【答案】　A

　　15．A.sick

　　B．happy

　　C．foolish

　　D．brave

　　【解析】　根据上文中的“...with his bravery...”可知，将军对这个人的印象是他很“勇敢”(brave)，故选D项。

　　【答案】　D

　　16．A.treated

　　B．cured

　　C．accepted

　　D．admitted

　　【解析】　根据下文可知，这个人的病被治好了。cure意为“治愈”。

　　【答案】　B

　　17．A.no longer

　　B．sooner or later

　　C．more or less

　　D．now and then

　　【解析】　根据上下文可知，这个人被治好后变得十分惜命，因此他不再冲在战斗前线，no longer意为“不再”，sooner or later意为“迟早”，more or less意为“或多或少”，now and then意为“偶尔”，故选A项。

　　【答案】　A

　　18．A.failure

　　B．safety

　　C．danger

　　D．victory

　　【解析】　句意：他总是躲避危险，竭尽全力地保护自己的性命，故选C项。

　　【答案】　C

　　19．A.cost

　　B．protect

　　C．lose

　　D．change

　　【解析】　protect one's life意为“保护某人的性命”。

　　【答案】　B

　　20．A.proud

　　B．fond

　　C．scared

　　D．sure

　　【解析】　根据上文中的故事可知，老人认为成为伟人的真谛在于不惧怕死亡。be scared of意为“害怕”。

　　【答案】　C

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　When Steve Jobs was born on February 24，1955，in San Francisco，California，his unmarried mother decided to put him for adoption because she wanted a girl.So in the middle of the night，his mother called a lawyer named Paul Jobs and said，“We have an unexpected baby boy；do you want him？”But his mother told his future parents to promise that they would send Jobs to college.After Steve Jobs graduated from high school，he went to college but decided to drop out because it was so expensive that he had to sleep on the floor in his friends' rooms.

　　At 20，he and a friend(Steve Wozniak) started a company in a garage on April 1，1976.Jobs named their company－Apple in memory of a happy summer he had spent as an orchard(果园) worker in Oregon.

　　After 10 years of hard time and failures，starting from two kids working in a garage，Apple computer eventually grew into a big company with over 4，000 employees.

　　At 30，Jobs，however，was fired from the company he co－founded.But after he had to leave the company，Apple was under heavy pressure from rival(对手) Microsoft and in 1996 posted billions of dollars in losses.Apple needed Steve Jobs and he was appointed as Apple's CEO in 1997.Under his leadership，Apple returned to profitability and introduced new products such as the iPod，the iPhone and the iPad.

　　Steve Jobs once said，“Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick.Don't lose faith.I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.You've got to find what you love.If you haven't found it yet，keep looking.”

　　1．Steve Jobs didn't finish his college education because he ________．

　　A．wanted to start a company

　　B．had financial problems

　　C．took no interest in his major

　　D．hated to share rooms with his friends

　　【解析】　细节理解题。由第一段可知，读大学对乔布斯来说太贵了，他连睡觉的地方都没有，故选B项。

　　【答案】　B

　　2．It can be inferred that Apple ________．

　　A．was founded in Oregon

　　B．developed from a garage

　　C．had a difficult beginning

　　D．had a successful beginning

　　【解析】　推理判断题。由第三段可知，公司在一间车库成立，创立前十年经历了许多的艰难和失败，故选C项。

　　【答案】　C

　　3．From Paragraph 5 we can know that Steve Jobs ________．

　　A．joined Microsoft in 1987

　　B．gave Apple a second life

　　C．set up another company at 30

　　D．invented the iPhone

　　【解析】　细节理解题。倒数第二段说乔布斯重回苹果任CEO后，公司扭亏为盈，开发出很多新产品，因而在他领导下，公司重现生机和活力，故选B项。

　　【答案】　B

　　4．What can we learn from what Steve Jobs said?

　　A．Interest is key to success.

　　B．Hope helps us succeed.

　　C．Attitude is everything.

　　D．Courage goes with confidence.

　　【解析】　推理判断题。最后一段乔布斯结合自己的经历，说明要取得成就关键是找出自己所热爱的事业，故选A项。

　　【答案】　A