2017届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 4《Global warming》（人教版选修6）

　　必修五

　　Unit 4　Global warming

　　晨背三部曲（简单句there be句型)

　　经典佳句　

　　1．在把手上贴有我的姓名和住址。

　　There is a label on the handle with my name and address on it.

　　2．有很多学生持相反意见。

　　There remained many students holding an opposite view.

　　3．自2000年以来，我的家乡发生了巨变。

　　There have been great changes in my hometown since 2000.

　　4．毫无疑问必须采取措施来预防网络犯罪。

　　There's no doubt that measures should be taken to prevent online crimes

　　5．山脚处似乎有人在拍照。

　　There seems to be someone taking photos at the foot of the mountain.

　　句式仿写

　　1．五年前这座河边有一座老房子。

　　There_was_an_old_house by the river five years ago.

　　2．几天来一直未下雨。

　　There_hasn't_been any rain for some days.

　　3．他的电脑好像出了一些问题。

　　There_seems_to_be something wrong with his computer.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．random adj.　胡乱的；任意的

　　2．range n.

　　种类；范围

　　3．glance vi.

　　看一下；扫视n.

　　一瞥

　　4．widespread adj.

　　分布广的；普遍的

　　5．average adj.

　　平均的

　　6．advocate vt.

　　拥护；提倡；主张

　　7．casual adj.

　　随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的

　　8．circumstance n.

　　环境；情况

　　9．refresh vt.

　　使恢复；使振作

　　10．phenomenon n．现象→phenomena (pl.)现象

　　11．quantity n．量；数量→quality n．质量

　　12．tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理→tendency n．倾向；趋势

　　13．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的；对立的

　　14．consequence n．结果；后果；影响→consequent adj.随后发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv.因此；所以

　　15．steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地

　　16．existence n．生存；存在→exist vi.存在

　　17．state vt.陈述；说明→statement n．说明；说法；表白

　　18．contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献；投稿

　　语境记忆

　　19．They contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees (难民) and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter.(contribute)

　　20．It was stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)

　　篇章记忆

　　Quantities of data and graphs indicate a steady widespread famine phenomenon as the consequence of the trend of advocating too much individual consumption.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.发生；造成　come_about

　　2．上升；增长；升起

　　go_up

　　3．即使

　　even_if

　　4．大体上；基本上

　　on_the_whole

　　5．代表……一方；作为……的代言人

　　on_behalf_of

　　6．忍受；容忍

　　put_up_with

　　7．只要

　　so_long_as

　　8．rather than

　　而不是

　　9．subscribe to

　　同意；赞成；订购

　　10．quantities of

　　大量的

　　11．result in

　　导致

　　12．be opposed to

　　反对……

　　13．keep on

　　继续

　　14．and so on

　　等等

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问……

　　There_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) the earth is becoming warmer ...

　　2．It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分

　　It_is_human_activity_that (是人类活动) has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.

　　3．even if引导让步状语从句

　　Even_if (即使) we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.

　　4．as/so long as引导的条件状语从句

　　It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as (只要) you are using it — if not, turn it off!

　　5．It takes ... to do sth. 需要(时间、精力等)做某事

　　It_takes_a_lot_of_energy (需要大量能源) to make things from new materials, so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——it的用法(2)

　　完成句子

　　1．It_is_only_if/when_you_realize/It_is_only_by_realizing the mistake that you will be able to find a solution to it.(realize)

　　只有意识到这个错误，你才能找到解决它的方法。

　　2．It was not_until_she_(had)_arrived_home_that she remembered the appointment with her doctor.(arrive)

　　直到她回到家才想起了和医生的预约。

　　3．It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that_contribute_to your success.(contribute)

　　正是你的努力，而不是你的聪明促成你的成功。

　　4．It is I, rather than anybody else, who/that_am_to_blame_for the failure in the examination.(blame)

　　是我，而非其他任何人，应该为这次考试失利负责。

　　5．People seemed to have forgotten how_many_years_ago_it_was that the power stations were built there.(how)

　　人们似乎已经忘了到底是多少年之前在那里建造了这些发电站。

　　1.subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助

　　subscribe to同意；赞成；订购

　　subscribe name

　　签名

　　①The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.

　　当局不再支持残疾人不适合做教师的观点。

　　②My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep the pace of advances in science.

　　我订阅《新科学家》的主要原因是要跟上科学的进步。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　Don't go and ask for her idea about our plan.Never will_she_subscribe_to the trip.(subscribe)

　　不要去问她对我们这个计划的想法。她不会同意这次旅行的。

　　I have_subscribed_to several magazines recently. (subscribe)

　　最近我订阅了几份杂志。

　　2.quantity n．量；数量；大量

　　　大量；很多

　　a (large/small) quantity of

　　大量的/少量的

　　quantities of

　　大量；许多

　　(2)quality n.

　　质量

　　It's cheaper to buy goods in quantity/in large quantities.

　　大批量购货较便宜。

　　②As far as I'm concerned, it is quality rather than quantity that really matters.

　　就我个人而言，真正重要的是质量而不是数量。

　　【关键一点】　a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词，“a quantity of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

　　【对点练习】

　　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①Large quantities of money have (have) been sent to the earthquake victims.

　　②There is (be) a large quantity of rain in the south this year.

　　3.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量

　　(1)oppose

　　　 oppose sth. to/against sth.

　　使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗

　　(2)opposed adj.

　　相反的；对立的

　　be opposed to ...

　　反对……；与……对立

　　Oppose your views against mine.

　　把你的观点和我的观点对照一下。　

　　②I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.(2017·广东阅读B)

　　我一直坚决反对定期喂婴儿。

　　【对点练习】

　　对比填空

　　父母反对女儿单独去那里。

　　The parents

　　their daughter going

　　there alone.

　　4.range n．种类；范围；幅度；界限 v．(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列

　　(1)a wide range of　一系列……

　　in/within range

　　在射程以内；在范围内

　　beyond/out of range

　　在射程外；在范围外

　　out of one's range

　　某人能力达不到的；某人知识以外的

　　(2)range from ... to ...

　　在……范围内变动；包括(由……到……)之间的各类事物

　　range between ... and ...

　　在……和……范围内变动

　　①In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling.(2017·辽宁书面表达)

　　除了这些传统的活动外，我们有更多的选择，比如旅游等。

　　②The price of the car ranges from 20,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars, which is out of his range.

　　这种车的价格从2万美元到3万美元不等，这超出了他的购买能力。

　　【对点练习】

　　写出下列句中range的含义

　　①He spent a whole morning ranging his books on the shelf. 排列

　　②This weapon can kill at a range of 200 yards.射程

　　③Several cars are available within this price range.范围

　　④The factory makes a whole range of tools.种类

　　⑤The children's ages range between 8 and 15.变化

　　5.glance vi.看一下；瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视 n．一瞥；扫视

　　(1)glance at/over/through　浏览；匆匆地看一眼

　　(2)at a glance

　　立刻；(只)看一眼

　　at first glance

　　乍一看；乍看之下

　　take/show/throw a glance (at sb./sth.)

　　(朝某人/某物)一瞥；看一眼

　　①The little girl glanced at the picture book and then put it away.

　　小姑娘匆匆看了一下这本图画书，就把它放到了一边。

　　②She took a glance at the room before she left.

　　她略微环视了一下房间才离开。

　　【个性比较】　glance, gaze, glare, stare

　　glance 强调动作的短暂

　　gaze “凝视；注视”，因惊异或赞赏而长时间无意识地凝视某人或某物

　　glare “怒视”，带有敌对或威胁的态度

　　stare “盯着看”，含有无礼或粗俗的意味

　　【对点练习】

　　用glance的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①乍一看，我认为它有点可笑。(北京书面表达)

　　At_first_glance,_I think it's a bit funny.

　　②他一眼就看出了问题所在。

　　He could tell at_a_glance what was wrong.

　　6.average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n．平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v．平均为；计算出……的平均数

　　(1)an average of平均有(后跟数词)

　　on (the) average

　　平均起来

　　above/below average

　　在平均水平以上/以下

　　up to average

　　达到平均数；达到一般水准

　　(2)average out

　　算出平均数；平均达

　　①Men lose an average of 3－4 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more.(2017·浙江阅读B)

　　随着年龄的增长，男子在身高上平均降低3－4厘米，女子可能降低5厘米或更多。

　　②Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week.(2017·安徽阅读A)

　　平均起来，老年人每周洗澡低于3次。

　　③They averaged out the numbers and got the result 7.

　　他们算出这几个数的平均数是7。

　　【语境串记】　There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, an average of 18 students in each class.Tom's was above average while John's was below average.

　　在这次考试中有90名同学得到满分，每个班级平均有18名。汤姆的成绩在平均水平之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。

　　【对点练习】

　　写出下列句中average的含义

　　①The average of 4 and 6 is 5.平均数

　　②Our car averages 550 kilometres a week.平均为

　　③Scientists believe the world's average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900. (2017·四川阅读E)平均的

　　7.circumstance n．(pl.)环境；情况

　　①But when we're acting as leaders, the circumstances are different.(2011·江苏任务型阅读)

　　可是当我们担任领导的时候，情况就不同了。

　　in/under the circumstances　在这种情况下；既然如此

　　in/under no circumstances

　　决不；无论如何都不(置于句首时，句子倒装)

　　②Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.

　　在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。

　　③Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.

　　你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。

　　【对点练习】

　　用circumstance的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。

　　Under/In_the_circumstances he felt unable to accept the job.

　　②无论如何她的父母都不会让她跟这样自私的人结婚。

　　Under/In_no_circumstances_will her parents allow her to marry such a selfish man.

　　8.come about发生；造成

　　①Can you tell me how the accident came about?

　　你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？

　　②How did it come about that you were absent from such an important meeting yesterday?

　　昨天你缺席了这么重要的会议，这是怎么回事？

　　【关键一点】　happen, occur, take place, break out也有“发生”之意，该类词汇不用于被动语态。

　　【个性比较】　come about, happen, take place, break out, occur

　　come about “发生；产生”，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由

　　happen “发生”，常用词汇，指偶然的、意外的、具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情的发生

　　take place “发生”，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行；举行”

　　break out 指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然“发生，爆发”

　　occur 多指意想不到的事情的发生；常用句型It occurred to sb.that ...; It occurred to sb.to do ...；意为“某人突然想到……”

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空

　　①Luckily the earthquake didn't happen in the center of the city.

　　②Great changes have taken_place in Guangzhou since Asian Games.

　　③The revolution has come_about through the application of computer science.

　　④A fire broke_out during the night, which caused a lot of damage.

　　⑤It occurred to me that I could turn to him for help.

　　9.result in 导致

　　①Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park without refund.(2017·江苏阅读A)

　　不遵守公园的规章制度会导致被逐出园外，且不能退款。

　　(1)result from　由……造成；因……而产生

　　(2)as a result

　　结果

　　as a result of

　　作为……的结果

　　without result

　　没有结果；白费

　　②Countless more animal deaths result from the lighting pollution.(2017·天津阅读B)

　　数不清的更多的动物死于光污染。

　　③The exam was of vital importance for me;

　　as a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study.(2017·山东写作)

　　这次考试对我来说非常重要，因此，我别无选择只好集中全部精力学习。

　　【关键一点】　

　　(1)result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。

　　(2)表示“导致”的词语还有： cause, lead to, contribute to等。

　　【对点练习】

　　对比填空

　　10.put up with忍受；容忍

　　　①Noise is coming to the point where we can't put up with it.

　　噪音几乎到了我们无法忍受的地步。

　　put aside节省；储蓄；储存

　　put away

　　收起来

　　put forward

　　提出建议；把……向前拨

　　put off

　　延期；推迟

　　put out

　　熄灭；扑灭

　　put through

　　接通电话

　　②We are trying to put aside some money every month for our vacation.

　　我们尽量每月存些钱用以度假。

　　③One moment please; I'm just trying to put you through.

　　请等一下，我这就给你接通电话。

　　【联想发散】除put up with外，表示“容忍；忍受”之意的单词还有：stand,_bear,_tolerate。

　　【对点练习】

　　介、副词填空

　　①I'm not going to put up_with your bad manners any longer.

　　②It's time to put away those foolish ideas.

　　③As for the problem you put forward in your last letter, I would like to give the following suggestions.

　　④Do not put off till tomorrow what can be done today.

　　⑤At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.

　　【真题印证】

　　⑥(2011·新课标卷)I can________the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.

　　A．come up withB．put up with

　　C．turn to

　　D．stick to

　　解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。 put up with“容忍，忍受”， 符合句意。 come up with“想出(办法)”；turn to“转向，求助于”；stick to“坚持”。

　　①random adj.　胡乱的；任意的；随意；任意

　　at random

　　随意地

　　②tend

　　vi.

　　趋向；易于；照顾

　　vt.

　　照顾；护理

　　tend to do sth.

　　易于做某事

　　tend (to) sb./sth.

　　照料，护理某人/物

　　tendency

　　n.

　　倾向；趋势(常与to/towards连用)

　　consequence

　　n.

　　结果；后果；影响

　　as a consequence

　　结果

　　as a consequence of

　　由于……

　　④on the whole

　　大体上；基本上

　　⑤on behalf of

　　代表……一方；作为……的代言人

　　　【对点练习】

　　结合上述词汇完成下列句子

　　①他从书架上随便拿了一本书。

　　He took a book at_random from the shelf.

　　②老年妇女很容易相信陌生人。

　　The older women tend_to_believe_in strangers easily.

　　③昨天下雨了，结果比赛被取消。

　　It rained yesterday and as_a_consequence the match was canceled.

　　④从整体来看，这两幢楼是相似的。

　　The two buildings are similar on_the_whole.

　　⑤我代表我的同事以及我本人向你表示谢意。

　　On_behalf_of my colleagues and myself I thank you.

　　It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it — if not, turn it off!

　　只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！

　　【句型透视】so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。

　　Don't mind what others say as long as we are confident in what we have done.(2017·北京写作)

　　只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人的话。

　　So long as you help me, I shall never despair.

　　只要你帮我，我决不会失望。

　　【关键一点】　as long as还可以表示“和……一样长”。

　　This line is four times as long as that one.

　　这条线是那条线的四倍长。

　　【个性比较】　as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as

　　短　语 原　意 引申意义

　　as long as 与……一样长 只要

　　as well as 与……一样好 也；和

　　as far as 远及…… 就……而言；至于

　　as good as 与……一样好 几乎

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空

　　As_long_as I'd done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night.

　　②We as_well_as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holiday.

　　③As_far_as I am concerned, I am strongly against the plan.

　　④A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighbour.

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．The kids soon consumed (消耗) all the food on the table.

　　2．He subscribed (订阅) a large sum of money to help them improve the quality of drinking water.

　　3．There is no accepted theory to explain the phenomenon (现象)．

　　4．Man cannot exist (存活) without oxygen.

　　5．There is a widespread (普遍的) belief that the company is in financial trouble.

　　6．The flood in this area was a major catastrophe (大灾难)．

　　7．The witness stated (陈述) that she had never seen Mr.Smith.

　　8．The consequence (结果) was that he caught a bad cold.

　　9．After a few random (随意的) words, he went out of the room, making us annoyed.

　　10．Many people advocate (主张) that more hospitals should be built.

　　.选词填空

　　1．On_average,_every person in the United States consumes 65­pound beef every year.

　　2．Quantities_of carbon dioxide are given off in producing beef.

　　3．It results_in a wide range of environmental problems.

　　4．So_long_as we make joint efforts, all these problems will be solved.

　　5．Can you make_yourself_understood in English?

　　6．How does it come_about that there is more than one kind of English in the world?

　　.根据汉语提示，选用练习中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．平均起来，每个美国人每年消耗65磅牛肉。

　　2．牛肉的生产过程释放出了大量的二氧化碳。

　　3．这导致了一系列的环境问题。

　　4．只要我们共同努力，所有的这些问题都会得到解决。

　　On average, every person in the United States consumes 65­pound beef every year, but quantities of carbon dioxide are given off in producing beef, resulting in a wide range of environmental problems.So long as we make joint efforts, all these problems will be solved.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．(2017·湖北省部分重点中学高三调研)“The Voice of China”， the program which is the Chinese version of Dutch series “The Voice of Holland”， has become very popular for it provides audience with a wide ________ of music style that suit various tastes of music lovers.

　　A．division　B．area

　　C．range

　　D．circle

　　解析：选C　考查名词辨析　句意：荷兰电视连续节目“荷兰好声音”的中国版“中国好声音”节目变得非常火爆，因为它为观众提供了广泛的适合各种不同音乐爱好者的音乐风格。range“范围”。division“划分”；area“区域”；circle“圆圈”。

　　2．(2017·武汉市武昌区调研)—After a long sleep, I feel very weak.

　　—Then why not wash your face? The cool water will surely ________ you.

　　A．rebuild

　　B．rescue

　　C．remain

　　D．refresh

　　解析：选D　考查动词词义。答句句意：那为何不洗把脸呢？凉水肯定能让你消除疲劳。refresh“消除疲劳；使重新提起精神”，与句意相符。rebuild“重建”；rescue“营救”；remain“保持；仍然是”。

　　3．(2017·湖北省八校联考)In order to protect the environment of that tourist attraction, many experts have________banning cars there.

　　A．concluded　

　　B．advocated

　　C．multiplied

　　D．believed

　　解析：选B　考查动词辨析。句意：为保护旅游景区的环境，很多专家倡议在那里禁止汽车(出入)。A项意为“推断出；做出结论”；B项意为“倡议拥护；支持”；C项意为“乘以；成倍增加”；D项意为“相信”。根据语境可知，答案应选B项。

　　4．The Government's proposal is welcome, but it only ________ the surface of the problem.

　　A．reaches

　　B．possesses

　　C．influences

　　D．scratches

　　解析：选D　句意：政府的提议很受欢迎，但是它只是隔靴搔痒，反映了问题的表面。根据句中的but可知，前后两个分句为转折关系。scratch意为“搔；刮”，构成短语scratch the surface of sth.，意为“浅尝辄止；隔靴搔痒”，符合语境。reach意为“达到”；possess意为“拥有”；influence意为“影响”。

　　5．(2017·山东省实验中学模拟)—Do you ________ the idea of living a low­carbon life?

　　—It sounds tough, but it is a tendency.

　　A．correspond to

　　B．apply to

　　C．cater to

　　D．subscribe to

　　解析：选D　correspond to“与……相对应”；apply to“适用于”；cater to“迎合”。subscribe to“同意，赞成”。

　　6．It's already 10 o'clock.I wonder how it ________ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

　　A．came over

　　B．came out

　　C．came about

　　D．came up

　　解析：选C　come over“来访”；come out“出来；出版”；come about“发生；造成”；come up “出现；到来”。

　　7．Dora has some shortcomings but ________ she seems like an intelligent, likable person.

　　A．on the contrary

　　B．up to now

　　C．in return for

　　D．on the whole

　　解析：选D　on the contrary“相反”；up to now“到目前为止”；in return for“作为对……的回报”；on the whole“从整体上看；总的来说”。

　　8．(2017·滨州模拟)Many houses were completely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week.________， the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.

　　A．As a result of

　　B．As a consequence

　　C．As usual

　　D．As for

　　解析：选B　句意：许多房子在上周的飓风中完全毁坏了，因此，灾民们只能住在由红十字会提供的临时住所里。as a consequence“因此”，表结果，符合句意。as a result of“由于……的原因”，其后要加宾语；as usual“通常；像往常一样”；as for “至于；就……而言”。

　　9．The Prime Minister criticized some celebrities for their ________ attitude towards drugs and accused them of thinking they were “above the law”．

　　A．informal

　　B．casual

　　C．positive

　　D．immoral

　　解析：选B　句意：那位总理批评了一些名人对待毒品无所谓的态度，并且指责他们自认为自己凌驾于法律之上。casual“漫不经心的；无所谓的”，符合句意。

　　10．With an ________ temperature much lower than big cities, the grasslands offer an escape from the summer heat.

　　A．unusual

　　B．extraordinary

　　C．ordinary

　　D．average

　　解析：选D　句意：由于平均气温比大城市低许多，草原给人们提供了一个避暑的好去处。average“平均的”，符合句意。unusual“不平常的；特殊的”；extraordinary“非同寻常的；特别的”；ordinary“平凡的；一般的”。

　　.完成句子

　　1．(2017·襄阳调研)Large quantities of money have_been_sent_to the earthquake victims.(send)

　　有大笔的钱寄给了地震灾民。

　　2．(2017·鄂州模拟)Who_was_it that had the light burning all night yesterday？(be)

　　昨天到底是谁让灯亮了一晚上？

　　3．One of the reasons why huge quantities of good soil are_being_washed_away is that floods happen frequently in that area.(wash)

　　大量良田被冲走的原因之一是那个地区洪灾频发。

　　4．It's already 10 o'clock. I wonder

　　how_it_came_about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.(come)

　　已经十点钟了。我不知道是怎么回事，这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时。

　　5．The foreigner took out from his suitcase what_looked_like_a_passport and handed it to the officer.(what)

　　这位外国人从他的手提箱里拿出了看起来像护照的东西，然后把它递给那名官员。

　　6．A number of new machines were installed in the factory, thus resulting_in an increase in production.(result)

　　许多新机器被安装在这个工厂里，因此导致产量增长。

　　7．Strangely, Mr. Green, also opposed_to_the_new_policy,_made no remark in the discussion.(oppose)

　　令人奇怪的是，格林先生在讨论中没作任何评论，他也是反对这项新政策的。

　　8．So/As_long_as_you_don't_drive after drinking, we will not worry about you.(drive)

　　只要你不酒后驾驶，我们就不会担心你。

　　9．The accident that_resulted_in_the_death of two passengers resulted from careless driving.(result)

　　导致两名乘客死亡的事故起因于粗心驾驶。

　　10．There are two hundred boys ranging_from_seven_to_fourteen in age.(range)

　　有200名7至14岁的男孩。

　　.完形填空

　　(2017·宣城质检)Growing older is unavoidable while growing up is optional.

　　These words have been passed on in the loving __1__ of Rose.

　　On the first day of school our professor challenged us to get to know someone, so I __2__ to find a little old lady looking at me with a smile. She said，“Hi! My name is Rose. I'm eighty­seven years old.

　　Can I give you a __3__？” I laughed and __4__ responded, and then a giant squeeze followed. “__5__ are you in college at such an innocent age？” I asked. “I'm here to meet a rich husband,

　　get married, have a couple of kids ...” I was __6__ what it was that motivated her to be taking on this __7__ at her age. “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I __8__ it！” Later, we became friends.

　　Rose became a campus celebrity and she easily made friends __9__ she went. On one __10__

　　Rose was invited to speak at our football banquet.

　　Her prepared cards dropped before she __11__ the speech. A little __12__， she simply __13__ her throat and began，“We do not stop playing __14__ we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. There are certain secrets to staying __15__， being happy and achieving success. You've got to have a dream. When you __16__ your dreams, you die.”

　　At the end of the year Rose finished her college education. One week after graduation Rose died __17__ in her sleep. Over two thousand college students __18__ her funeral in honor of the wonderful woman who taught by __19__ that it's never too late to be all you can possibly be.

　　Anybody can grow old, which doesn't __20__ any talent or ability. The key is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change.

　　1．A.care

　　B．memory

　　C．need

　　D．want

　　解析：选B　此处表示在罗丝充满爱的记忆(memory)里。

　　2．A.turned up

　　B．turned over

　　C．turned around

　　D．turned away

　　解析：选C　“我”转过身一看，一位小老太太正微笑地看着“我”。turn around “转过身”，符合语境。turn up “重新出现”；turn over “移交”；turn away “拒绝”。

　　3．A.hug

　　B．kiss

　　C．hand

　　D．gift

　　解析：选A　根据下句中的“then a giant squeeze followed”可知，hug“拥抱”正确。

　　4．A.annoyingly

　　B．impatiently

　　C．absently

　　D．enthusiastically

　　解析：选D　“我”笑了起来，充满热情地回应她。enthusiastically“热情地”，符合语境。annoyingly“恼人地”；impatiently“不耐烦地”；absently“心不在焉地”。

　　5．A.Who

　　B．Why

　　C．How

　　D．When

　　解析：选B　“我”问她：“你为什么(Why)在这么天真无邪的年龄上大学？”

　　6．A.curious

　　B．positive

　　C．obvious

　　D．convinced

　　解析：选A　“我”很好奇，她这么大年纪， 是什么促使她接受这样的挑战(challenge)。curious“好奇的”，符合语境。

　　7．A.risk

　　B．opportunity

　　C．challenge

　　D．invitation

　　解析：选C　参见上题解析。

　　8．A.like

　　B．take

　　C．hold

　　D．make

　　解析：选D　“我总是梦想能接受大学教育，现在我如愿以偿了。” make it“获得成功”，符合语境。

　　9．A.however

　　B．whenever

　　C．wherever

　　D．whatever

　　解析：选C　罗丝成了校园里的名人，不管到哪里，她总能轻易地交到朋友。根据语境可知此处应用wherever“无论去哪里”引导让步状语从句。

　　10．A.stage

　　B．occasion

　　C．time

　　D．event

　　解析：选B　有一次，罗丝被邀请在我们的足球宴会上讲话。on one occasion“有一次”，是固定短语，符合语境。

　　11．A.remembered

　　B．continued

　　C．delivered

　　D．wrote

　　解析：选C　正当她准备演讲时，她原先准备好的卡片掉了。deliver“发表”，符合语境。

　　12．A.delighted

　　B．embarrassed

　　C．fascinated

　　D．frightened

　　解析：选B　有点儿尴尬，她清了清嗓子开始说。embarrassed“尴尬的，难堪的”，符合语境。delighted“高兴的”；fascinated“被迷住的”；frightened“受惊的，害怕的”。

　　13．A.cleared

　　B．checked

　　C．cleaned

　　D．treated

　　解析：选A　参见上题解析。clear the throat“清嗓子”，符合语境。

　　14．A.until

　　B．before

　　C．when

　　D．because

　　解析：选D　“我们”并非因为自己老了而放弃娱乐，而是因为停止了娱乐才变老。根据语境可知此处应用because引导原因状语从句。

　　15．A.energetic

　　B．young

　　C．alive

　　D．healthy

　　解析：选B　要保持年轻，过得幸福并取得成功是有秘诀的。stay young“保持年轻”，符合语境。

　　16.A.lose

　　B．realize

　　C．pursue

　　D．obtain

　　解析：选A　当你失去(lose)你的梦想时，你就死了。

　　17．A.secretly

　　B．sadly

　　C．peacefully

　　D．bitterly

　　解析：选C　毕业一周之后，罗丝在睡梦中平静地去世了。peacefully“平静地”，符合语境。

　　18．A.joined

　　B．ignored

　　C．cancelled

　　D．attended

　　解析：选D　两千多名大学生出席(attended)了她的葬礼。

　　19．A.example

　　B．directions

　　C．speech

　　D．personality

　　解析：选A　她以自身范例教育“我们”：发挥自己的潜能永不为晚。example“榜样，模范”，符合语境。

　　20．A.gain

　　B．explore

　　C．take

　　D．appeal

　　解析：选C　任何人都会变老，这不需要任何天赋或能力。根据语境可知take正确。

　　.阅读理解

　　Cutting global warming pollution would not only make the planet healthier,

　　it would make people healthier too, new research suggested.

　　Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issue of The Lancet, British medical journal.

　　“Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives，”

　　US

　　Health

　　and

　　Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas. “As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases. This is not a small effect.”

　　Instead of looking at the ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about the problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.

　　Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, such as reducing cook stoves that burn dung (粪便), charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.

　　And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.

　　“Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time as dealing with climate change，” said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

　　Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.

　　For example, switching to low­polluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in London and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.

　　1．What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A．How can people live longer?

　　B．Cutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives.

　　C．Global warming threatens people's lives.

　　D．People should stop relying on fossil fuels.

　　解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了减少二氧化碳排放有助于人们健康长寿，故选B。

　　2．The new research differs from past studies in that ________.

　　A．it focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissions

　　B．it studies the bad effects arising from future global warming

　　C．it is believed by more people

　　D．it mainly targets at developing countries

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知，新研究与过去的研究的不同之处就在于它关注的是应对问题能取得的迅速成效。故答案为A项。

　　3．According to Kathleen Sebelius, ________.

　　A．sometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuels

　　B．without greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases

　　C．the main reason why people get sick is that they rely on fossil fuels

　　D．deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases.”可知，温室气体的排放与心血管和呼吸道疾病导致的死亡关系密切，故答案为D项。

　　4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

　　A．London and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissions

　　B．switching to low­polluting cars would save 160 lives in London each year

　　C．walking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart disease

　　D．attacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可推知，多步行和多骑车，而不是开车，会减少患心脏病的几率。故选C项。