2017届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 2《The United Kingdom》（人教版必修5）

　　必修五 Unit 2　The United Kingdom

　　晨背三部曲（话题：旅游与交通）

　　经典词汇

　　1.fare n．　费用2．journey n.

　　旅程3．scenery n.

　　风景4．transport n.

　　交通5．insurance n.

　　保险6．necessity n.

　　必需品7．schedule n.

　　日程表8．realise v.

　　实现9．prefer v.

　　更喜欢10．organize v.

　　组织11．manage v.

　　设法做12．convenient adj.

　　方便的13．meaningful adj.

　　有意义的14．mainly adv.

　　主要地15．pack up

　　打包 16.long for　渴望得到17．be rich in

　　富有……18．focus on

　　集中于……19．be located in

　　位于……20．a place of interest

　　名胜21．make preparations for

　　为……作准备22．be considered as/to be

　　被认为是……

　　23．be famous/well­known for因为……而著名

　　24．with the development of

　　随着……的发展

　　连词成句

　　1．be located in, south, China, Guangzhou, be considered as, one of, most modern, city, our country (用过去分词短语作状语)

　　Located_in_the_south_of_China,_Guangzhou_is_considered_as_one_of_the_most_modern_cities_in_our_country.

　　2．Xinjiang, be rich in, natural resources, be famous for, grapes (用非限制性定语从句)

　　Xinjiang,_which_is_rich_in_natural_resources,_is_famous_for_grapes.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．clarify vt.　澄清；阐明

　　2．accomplish vt.

　　完成；达到；实现

　　3．conflict n.

　　矛盾；冲突

　　4．plus prep.

　　加上；和adj.

　　加的；正的；零上的

　　5．quarrel n.

　　争吵；争论；吵架vi.

　　争吵；吵架

　　6．fold vt.

　　折叠；对折

　　7．thrill vt.

　　使激动；使胆战心惊

　　8．unite vi.& vt.联合；团结→united adj.团结的；联合的→union n．联合；联盟；结合；协会

　　9．convenience n．便利；方便→convenient adj.便利的；方便的

　　10．attract vt.吸引；引起注意→attraction n．吸引；吸引力→attractive adj.有吸引力的

　　11．arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理→arrangement n．布置；整理

　　12．collection n．收藏品；珍藏；收集→collect v．收集；聚集→collector n．收集者；收藏家

　　13．description n．描写；描述→describe vt.描述；形容；描绘

　　14．furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的→furnish vt.装备；(用家具等)布置(房间、公寓)；提供

　　15．delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.使高兴；使欣喜→delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的→delightful adj.令人高兴的

　　语境记忆

　　16．You'll find these meals quick and convenient to prepare. We provide these meals for the convenience of the customers.(convenient)

　　17．What attracted me first was that there was a beautiful house with an attractive garden.(attract)

　　18．Their wedding is arranged next month, and they have made good arrangements for it.(arrange)

　　篇章记忆

　　My cousin arranged his enjoyable journey carefully.One attractive place he visited was a castle in the countryside of Scotland.My cousin was thrilled by its collections.Though there was no possibility to buy some of these exhibits, it was convenient to take photos, which he sent me along with his e­mail.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.把……分成divide_..._into

　　2．挣脱(束缚)；脱离

　　break_away_(from)

　　3．(机器)损坏；破坏

　　break_down

　　4．在特殊场合

　　on_special_occasions

　　5．谈到；说到；参考；涉及

　　refer_to

　　6．to one's credit

　　为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下

　　7．consist of

　　由……组成

　　8．leave out

　　省去；遗漏；不考虑

　　9．take the place of

　　代替

　　10．in memory of

　　纪念……

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语

　　Now when people refer to England you find Wales included_as_well (发现……也包括在内)．

　　2．过去分词短语作后置定语

　　For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built_by (被……建造) the Romans.

　　3．过去分词短语作状语

　　Worried_about_the_time_available (担心时间不够), Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London.

　　4．状语从句的省略

　　It looked splendid when_first_built (刚建成的时候)!

　　5．It seems/is strange that ... 似乎……

　　It_seemed_strange_that (这似乎是一件怪事) the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——过去分词作宾语补足语

　　完成句子

　　1．We are kept informed_of what is happening in the world by reading newspapers and watching TV.(inform)

　　我们通过读报和看电视来了解世界上正在发生的事情。

　　2．Even with the_windows_shut,_I could hear birds singing outside.(shut)

　　即使将窗户关上，我也听得见鸟儿在外面的欢叫声。

　　3．With everything_packed_(up),_the soldiers who withdrew from the front couldn't wait to get home in no time.(pack)

　　一切都打包好了，那些从前线撤离的士兵急切地想回家。

　　4．We need to have_it_repaired at once as we want to use it in our experiment tomorrow.(repair)

　　我们需要马上修好它，因为明天做实验时我们要用到它。

　　1.convenience n．便利；方便；便利的事物；便利设施

　　(1)for convenience为了方便起见

　　at one's convenience

　　在某人方便的时候

　　bring convenience to

　　给……带来方便

　　(2)convenient adj.

　　方便的；便利的

　　It is convenient for sb. to do sth.

　　某人方便做某事

　　(3)inconvenience n.

　　不方便

　　Let's debate about this matter at your convenience.

　　在你们方便的时候让我们讨论一下这件事吧。

　　②Cars have become a popular means of transport, bringing great convenience to our life.(2011·江西书面表达)

　　汽车已经成为一种流行的交通方式，给我们的生活带来很多方便。

　　③We hope you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you.

　　如果方便的话，我们希望您能接受我们的邀请。

　　【关键一点】　

　　(1)convenience 意为“便利；方便”时，为不可数名词；意为“便利的事物或设施”时，为可数名词。

　　(2)convenient作表语时，主语不能是表示人的名词或代词。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据英汉提示完成小片段

　　①住在这里对我来说真方便。我可以抽空去参观我所钟爱的几家博物馆；对我妻子来说购物很方便；儿子上学也很方便，因为学校只有两个街区的距离。要是你周日有空，一定要来聚一聚。

　　It's a great convenience for me to live here. At_my_convenience,_I can visit some of my favorite museums. Shopping is_convenient_for my wife. It is_convenient_for_my_son_to go to school, for his school is only two blocks away. If Sunday is_convenient_for you, be sure to come to get together.

　　【真题印证】

　　②(2017·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n) ________ time and place for the applicants to have an interview.

　　A．important　B．spare

　　C．public

　　D．convenient

　　解析：选D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：秘书为参加面试的求职者安排了合适的时间和地点。convenient“便利的；方便的”，符合句意。

　　2.attract vt.吸引；引起

　　①It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400,000 people yearly.(2017·新课标卷阅读B)

　　它成为每年八月的一个固定活动，现在每年吸引40万人(参加)。

　　(1)attract one's attention/eyes　吸引某人的注意力/目光

　　attract sb. to sth.

　　吸引某人关注某事

　　(2)attraction n.

　　[U]吸引力；诱惑力

　　[C]有吸引力的人或事物

　　(3)attractive adj.

　　有吸引力的；引起注意

　　的；引起兴趣的

　　His moving story has attracted a lot of attention in the media.

　　他的感人故事引起了媒体的广泛关注。

　　③Thousands of foreigners were attracted to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.(江苏高考)

　　在上海世博会开放当天，成千上万的外国人被吸引到此处。④The bridge, which has attracted international attention, is now a local landmark.(2017·山东阅读C)

　　这座桥已经引起世界关注，现在是当地的一个标志性建筑。

　　【对点练习】

　　用attract的适当形式填空

　　What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions,_like the Great Wall, the Summer Palace. They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.

　　3.arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理

　　(1)arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事

　　arrange to do sth.

　　安排做某事

　　arrange for sb. to do sth.

　　安排某人做某事

　　(2)arrangement n.

　　安排；筹备

　　make an arrangement/arrangements for安排……

　　Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.(2017·福建书面表达)

　　父母为孩子安排好了一切，并不遗余力地为他们的成功铺平道路。

　　②The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.

　　公司将要安排出租车去机场接你。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据汉语提示，用arrange的适当形式及相关短语填空

　　Now everything for the conference has been_arranged (已准备就绪)．I have arranged_for (安排) Tom to pick up the expert at the airport.After the conference, the journalists have made arrangements (安排) for an interview with him.

　　4.delight n．快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜

　　(1)delight sb. with sth.　用某物使某人高兴

　　delight in (doing) sth.

　　以(做)某事为乐

　　(2)take (great) delight in

　　以……为乐

　　with delight

　　高兴地；愉快地

　　to one's delight ＝ to the delight of sb. 使某人高兴的是

　　(3)delighted adj.

　　高兴的；快乐的

　　be delighted at/with/by ...

　　对……感到高兴

　　be delighted to do sth./that ...

　　为做某事/……而高兴

　　To my great delight, the first prize came to me.(2017·湖南写作)

　　令我十分高兴的是，我获得了一等奖。

　　②I am delighted by your newspaper's decision to start a campaign for protecting the environment.

　　你们的报纸决定要发起一项保护环境的运动，这让我很高兴。

　　【对点练习】

　　介词填空

　　①She clapped her hands with delight on hearing the news.

　　②He takes great delight in painting.

　　③To our great delight, the day turned out fine.

　　④We were delighted at/with/by the opportunity to spend some time in that country.

　　5.thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊 n．激动

　　　①It gave me a real thrill to see her again after so many years.

　　那么多年后与她重逢，我非常激动。

　　(1)thrill ... with ...以……使……兴奋

　　(2)thrilled adj.

　　兴奋的，激动的

　　be thrilled at/about/with sth.

　　对……感到兴奋

　　(3)thrilling adj.

　　令人感到兴奋的

　　He often thrilled readers with his unexpected endings.

　　他常常以离奇的结尾让读者兴奋不已。

　　③She was thrilled with horror.

　　她因恐惧而发抖。

　　【对点练习】

　　介词填空

　　①We were thrilled at/with/about your wonderful news.

　　②The news that a sports meet would be held next week thrilled us with delight.

　　6.consist of由……组成

　　①The package consisted of a long, narrow box carefully wrapped in brown paper.(2017·浙江完形)

　　包裹中有个长长的狭小的盒子，精心包装在棕色的纸中。

　　(1)consist in (＝ lie in)存在于……；在于……

　　consist with

　　一致；符合

　　由……组成

　　(3)make up

　　组成……

　　②The information consists with what is said in the newspaper.

　　消息与报纸上说的一致。

　　【语境串记】　Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality.

　　生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成的，而快乐存在于拼搏之中。记住，理想的生活并不总是和现实相一致。

　　【对点练习】

　　一句多译

　　生活中不仅仅有阳光，还有艰难的日子。(辽宁书面表达)

　　Life

　　not only sunshine but also hard times.

　　④Not only sunshine but also hard times make_up life.

　　7.divide ... into把……分成

　　①The library is divided into different zones.(2017·天津阅读A)

　　图书馆被分成不同的区域。

　　(be) divided by　被/以……除

　　divide sth.among/between ...

　　在……之间分配

　　②How much is 20 divided by 5？　

　　20除以5是多少？

　　③As the work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently.

　　因为工作可以由几个人共同分担，所以可以做得很有效率。【个性比较】　divide, separate

　　divide ... into常指把某个整体划分为若干部分

　　separate ... from表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(divide ... into/separate ... from)

　　①As we joined the big crowd, I got separated_from my friends.

　　②The students in the class were divided_into four groups before they started the game.

　　③England is separated_from France by the English Channel.

　　8.leave out遗漏；不考虑

　　　①He left out the important information on purpose when asked about the case.

　　当问及这个案子时，他故意漏掉了这个重要信息。

　　be/feel left out　(觉得)被忽视/忽略

　　leave about

　　乱丢；乱放

　　leave alone

　　不管；不理睬；不干涉

　　leave aside

　　搁置；不考虑

　　leave behind

　　忘带；留下；丢弃

　　leave for

　　出发去(某地)

　　②Poor Alice, she always seems to be left out at parties.

　　爱丽丝真可怜，她在聚会上似乎总是受冷落。

　　③Oh dear! The travelling bag has been left behind.

　　天哪！忘了拿旅行袋。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据汉语提示，用leave的相关短语填空

　　他感觉受到了冷落，没有整理昨天晚上散落在屋子里的书；吃过早饭后就去了学校。

　　Feeling left_out,_he left the books alone/aside,_which he had left_about in his room last night, and left_for_school after breakfast.

　　9.break down (机器)出故障；破坏；(谈判、希望、计划等)失败；破裂；(化学)分解；(身体)垮掉

　　①It takes a long time to break down prejudices.

　　消除偏见需要很长时间。

　　break away from　脱离(政党)；打破(陈规、陋习)

　　break in

　　打断(谈话)；插嘴

　　break into

　　闯入

　　break off

　　打断；折断；中断

　　break out

　　(战争、火灾等)爆发

　　break through

　　突破；穿透

　　break up

　　分散；拆散；驱散；(关系等)破裂

　　②He broke off speaking to answer the cellphone.

　　他中断讲话去接电话。

　　③The police came and broke up the crowds.

　　警察来了，把人群驱散。

　　【对点练习】

　　写出下列句中break down的含义

　　①The car broke down on the way to the airport.出故障；破坏

　　②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(会谈)失败

　　③Your health will break down if you work too hard.垮掉

　　④Plastic bags are difficult to break down.分解

　　【真题印证】

　　⑤(2017·福建高考)Old­fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.

　　A．turn down　B．turn out

　　C．break down

　　D．break out

　　解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在灾难中，当无线网络出故障时，老式的电话意义重大。turn down“调小(声音)；拒绝(提议)”；turn out“最后结果是”；break down“停止转动；出故障”；break out“爆发；突然发生”。根据句意可知，应选C项。

　　①unite vi.& vt.

　　联合；团结

　　②conflict n.

　　矛盾；冲突

　　come into conflict with

　　和……冲突

　　in conflict with

　　和……冲突

　　make a conflict with

　　与……斗争

　　③alike adj.

　　相同的；类似的

　　表语形容词，不用very修饰。

　　④sightseeing n.

　　观光；游览

　　⑤consistent adj.

　　一致的

　　be consistent with

　　与……一致

　　be consistent in

　　在……方面一致

　　【对点练习】

　　单句改错

　　①Unite together, the whole nation got through the difficulty at last.Unite→United

　　②There was conflict between the accounts and the witnesses.

　　在conflict前面加冠词a

　　③The two office buildings seem like in appearance.like→alike

　　④Some people like to lie on the beach, but I prefer to go to sightseeing.去掉go_to_sightseeing中的to

　　⑤His behavior is consistent to his teaching.to→with

　　1.For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built_by_the_Romans.

　　要找历史性的建筑你得去较古老的、比较小的由古罗马人建造的城镇。

　　【句型透视】过去分词短语built by the Romans在句中作后置定语，修饰towns。

　　(1)过去分词短语作定语的位置：常常放于所修饰词之后。

　　Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately when lightning struck.上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊即刻被雷电击死。

　　(2)过去分词短语作定语的时态和语态意义：表示“被动或完成”，即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者或该动作已经完成。

　　Is this the book recommended by your teacher?

　　这是你的老师推荐的那本书吗？

　　【个性比较】　三种非谓语动词形式作定语

　　done 动作已经完成

　　being done 被动的动作正在发生

　　to be done 被动的动作将要发生

　　The gym built last year opens to the public now.

　　去年建的体操馆现在已向公众开放。

　　The swimming pool being built belongs to our school.

　　正在建造的游泳池为我们学校所拥有。

　　The dam to be built next year belongs to our village.

　　明年要建的大坝是我们村的。

　　【对点练习】

　　句型转换

　　①This is the soldier wounded in the battle.

　　→This_is_the_soldier_who_has_been_wounded_in_the_battle.(定语从句)

　　②He is a student who is loved by all.

　　→He_is_a_student_loved_by_all. (过去分词作定语)

　　2.It_seemed_strange_that the man who had developed communism should_have_lived_and_died in London.这似乎是一件怪事：这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。

　　【句型透视】(1)在“It is/was/seems/seemed strange (necessary, natural, important, a pity ...) that ...”句型中，that引导的

　　主语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”， should可以省略。should have done表示吃惊， should在从句中表达感情、意志，意为“竟然；居然”。

　　It is strange that he (should) have done such silly things.

　　真是奇怪，他竟然做出如此愚蠢的事情。

　　(2)在“It is/was suggested (ordered, required, desired, advocated ...) that ...”句型中，that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。

　　It is advised that one (should) take plenty of boiled water.

　　有人建议每个人都应多喝开水。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①It is important that we (should)_keep_calm when we are facing difficulties.(keep)

　　重要的是，在面对困难时我们应保持冷静。

　　②It is strongly recommended that the girl (should)_break_up_with those boys, because they are addicted to drugs.(break)

　　强烈建议那女孩和那些男孩断绝关系，因为他们沉迷于毒品。

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．It is very convenient (方便的) to travel in London by underground.

　　2．Compared with his dramatic works, Yeats's poems attract (吸引) much admiring notice.

　　3．It is not surprising that such a view has led to very serious conflict (矛盾)．

　　4．Mr.Smith gave a description (描述) of what he had seen in China.

　　5．Is there any possibility (可能性) that you'll be back by the weekend?

　　6．It was arranged (安排)that they should leave until the following spring.

　　7．The boy takes delight (高兴) in helping others.

　　8．I think this was perhaps the most enjoyable (令人愉快的) occasion we have ever had at the White House.

　　9．He planned to give a speech to clarify (阐明) the situation.

　　10．The quilts and the blankets were neatly folded (折叠)．

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　break’s delight, divide …into, leave out, break down, take the place of

　　1．To_our_delight,_our school has built a Net School.

　　2．The Net School consists_of Multimedia Teaching Systems.

　　3．Such kind of school breaks_away_from the traditional methods of teaching, so it attracts the students' attention.

　　4．It remains unknown who will take_the_place_of Mr.White when he goes abroad next month.

　　5．This computer, (which is) always breaking_down,_annoys me much.

　　6．In copying this document, be careful not to leave_out any word.

　　7．Divided_into four groups, the whole class began to discuss the topic.

　　Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．让我们高兴的是，我们学校已经建成了网络学校。

　　2．网络学校包括许多多媒体教学系统。

　　3．网络学校打破了传统的教学方法。

　　4．网络学校会极大地吸引学生们的注意力。

　　To our delight, our school has built a Net School, which consists of Multimedia Teaching Systems breaking away from the traditional methods of teaching.As a result, it can greatly attract the students' attention.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．(2017·孝感高三质检)We are looking forward to seeing the policy carried out in our province, which has ________ a number of people's attention recently.

　　A．attractedB．preserved

　　C．expanded

　　D．supported

　　解析：选A　句意：我们盼望着这项政策能在我们省实施，这事最近吸引了很多人的关注。attract“吸引”，符合句意。preserve “保护；维持”；expand “使变大；伸展”；support “支持；赞助”。

　　2．Smiling, more often than not, is a good way to avoid any possible ________ in our daily life.

　　A．explanation

　　B．debate

　　C．fault

　　D．conflict

　　解析：选D　句意：通常微笑是一种在我们日常生活中避免任何可能出现的矛盾冲突的好办法。explanation“解释；说明”；debate“辩论；争论；辩论会”；fault“毛病；错误”；conflict“矛盾；冲突”。根据语境答案为D项。

　　3．(2017·湖北省八校联考)Somehow a date for the conference is still to be appointed.But ________，it was due on March 12th.

　　A．naturally

　　B．originally

　　C．roughly

　　D．approximately

　　解析：选B　句意：不知怎么地，会议的日期还有待确定。但是，原定的日期是在3月12日。naturally“自然地”；originally“最初地；原始地”；roughly“粗鲁地”；approximately“大概地”。根据句意可知，答案选B。

　　4．(2017·平遥高三质检)Forty people got injured in a bus accident. Every ________ ambulance was rushed to the scene of the accident.

　　A．available

　　B．enjoyable

　　C．suitable

　　D．acceptable

　　解析：选A　句意：有四十个人在公交车事故中受伤。所有可用的救护车都赶往了事故现场。available“可以利用的”；enjoyable “愉快的”；suitable “合适的”；acceptable“可以接受的”。故选A。

　　5．Any help from you will be greatly appreciated.Please give me a reply at your earliest ________.

　　A．convenience

　　B．consideration

　　C．interruption

　　D．imagination

　　解析：选A　句意：你们所提供的任何帮助我们都很感激，请在方便的时候尽早联系我们。at one's convenience“在某人方便的时候”，与句意相符。

　　6．(2017·湖北七市联考)The recent study has shown that people's attitudes towards protecting the environment are not ________ with their behavior in daily life.

　　A．consistent

　　B．reliable

　　C．satisfied

　　D．enthusiastic

　　解析：选A　句意：最近的研究已经表明，人们对环保的态度与他们日常生活中的行为不一致。consistent“始终如一的；大致的；坚持的”；reliable“可靠的；可信赖的”；satisfied“满意的”；enthusiastic“热情的；热心的”。结合选项及语境可知，consistent符合题意。

　　7．—He is so unhappy.What lets him down?

　　—It's his plans.You can't imagine what it's like to feel that all your plans for the future have ________.

　　A．set down

　　B．turned down

　　C．put down

　　D．broken down

　　解析：选D　句意：“他很不开心。是什么让他愁眉不展？”“是他的计划。你想象不到你未来所有的计划都破灭后会是什么样的感觉。”break down“失败”，符合句意。

　　8．Tom Cruise's excellent performance in Mission: Impossible 4 ________ all the audience that night.

　　A．puzzled

　　B．disappointed

　　C．annoyed

　　D．delighted

　　解析：选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：汤姆·克鲁斯在电影《碟中谍4》的精彩表现令那晚的观众非常高兴。delight“使高兴”。puzzle“使困惑”；disappoint“使失望”；annoy“使恼怒”。

　　9．(2017·黄冈中学模拟)She is a very unfriendly person and is never ready to help others. So it was not surprising that no one came to her ________ no matter how hard she cried for help.

　　A．assistance

　　B．arrangement

　　C．attendance

　　D．adventure

　　解析：选A　句意：她是个不友善的人，从来不乐意帮助别人；不论她多么拼命地呼喊求助，都没有人来帮助她，这也就不足为奇了。come to one's assistance“帮助某人”，与句意相符。

　　10．(2017·淮北质检)When you rewrite the paragraph, I advise you to ________ the last sentence as it is rather misleading.

　　A．point out

　　B．make out

　　C．leave out

　　D．put out

　　解析：选C　point out“指出”；make out“分清；辨认清楚”；leave out“略去；不考虑”；put out“熄灭”。由句意可知选C项。

　　.完成句子

　　1．(2017·荆州调研)TV can not only keep us informed_of_what_is_going_on throughout the world but also bring us various forms of entertainment.(inform)

　　电视不仅能让我们了解世界上正在发生的事情，还能给我们带来各种各样的娱乐。

　　2．The professor found, to his delight, his lab furnished_with a large screen.(furnish)

　　这位教授高兴地看到他的实验室里安装了一个大银幕。

　　3．With more_and_more_people_talking_about microblog, my father said that he would set up one for himself.(talk)

　　由于越来越多的人谈论微博，我的父亲说他要为自己建一个。

　　4．(2017·湖北省部分重点中学联考)He knows so much about this problem.He must_have_referred_to a lot of books.(refer)

　　他对于这个问题知道得这么多，他一定是翻阅了大量的书。

　　5．It's_greatly_to_your_credit that you've overcome such great difficulty and accomplished the task ahead of time.(credit)

　　你克服了如此大的困难，提前完成了任务，非常值得赞扬。

　　6．The football team, which_consists_of/consisting_of 22 players and three coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.(consist)

　　这支由22名球员和3名教练组成的足球队是约3年前成立的。

　　7．What_delighted_us/made_us_delighted was that Wang Yaping, China's woman astronaut succeeded in giving a lecture to students while in orbit.(delight)

　　令我们欣喜的是中国女航天员王亚平成功地给学生进行了在轨航天授课。

　　8．It is proposed in the meeting that we_(should)_take_into_consideration the possibility that the train might arrive late when we made the travel plan.(consideration)

　　在会上有人提议：当我们制订旅游计划时，应该考虑火车晚点的可能性。

　　9．It's not necessary for parents to_arrange_everything_for their children.(arrange)

　　父母没有必要为孩子安排好一切。

　　10．He was said_to_have_left_out a key figure in the financial report, which accounted for his being fired.(leave)

　　据说他在财务报告中漏掉了一个重要数字，所以被开除了。

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·黄山模拟)The re­election is won, so it's no

　　wonder Michelle Obama is looking for some relaxing entertainment to get through those four more years. And the First Lady of the United States is turning to British television to get her quick_fix.

　　It has been reported that Michelle Obama is such a big fan of the hit show Downton Abbey that she turned to ITV bosses to try and get her hands on season three ahead of its official US release date. The Sun reports that the First Lady and the President didn't want to wait until the series returned on US television on January 6. Michelle reportedly contacted ITV to ask to send her a few DVDs with new series, which they did, making sure the couple can cuddle up on the sofa to see the latest developments in between running the country of course.

　　A source at ITV tells the newspaper, “We'd heard the Obamas liked to watch it but we were very surprised when someone from the First Lady's office got in touch asking for the series. They were very polite and we were more than happy to sort out some DVDs to send over.” However, ITV said they hoped the Obamas could keep a secret and not spoil the big finale for the rest of the overseas fans.

　　The costume drama is very popular across the world and the audience loves how typically British the show is. But the President is such a fan that he even invited Downton Abbey stars Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern — the Earl and Countess of Grantham — to his White House dinner for David Cameron in March.

　　Meanwhile, British actor Damian Lewis recently revealed that the President is also a big fan of his show Homeland, and had also requested a signed DVD box of the American spy series.

　　1．What can we know from the text?

　　A．Michelle was turned down by ITV.

　　B．Downton Abbey hasn't returned on television.

　　C．Michelle's needs were satisfied.

　　D．Michelle Obama turned to ITV herself.

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，米歇尔的需求得到了满足。

　　2．What does the underlined part “quick fix” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?

　　A．Good advice.　B．A difficult situation.

　　C．An easy solution.

　　D．An act of understanding.

　　解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据文章第二段可知，米歇尔等不及《唐顿庄园》第三季在美国1月份播出，向英国独立电视台主管索要该剧最新一季的DVD版，故答案是C项，米歇尔向英国电视台寻求解决办法。

　　3．Which stars were invited to dinner in the White House?

　　A．Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern.

　　B．The Earl and Countess of Grantham.

　　C．David Cameron, Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern.

　　D．David Cameron, the Earl and Countess of Grantham.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“invited Downton Abbey stars Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern”可知应选A项。

　　4．What can we learn about Downton Abbey from the text?

　　A．The Obamas like Downton Abbey as well as Homeland.

　　B．The Obamas can enjoy the latest series in their spare time.

　　C．Downton Abbey is an American spy series.

　　D．Season three will be on UK television in January.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“making sure the couple can cuddle up on the sofa to see the latest developments in between running the country of course”可推知B项正确。

　　B

　　(2017·厦门质检)A recent research shows that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at the age of 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as interruptions in their daily routines.

　　In general, these “short sleepers” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or worked full­

　　or part­time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their family, friends and so on.

　　When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering.

　　In similar situation, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.

　　The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients.

　　The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. The research shows that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally robbed of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers”．

　　5．According to the report, ________.

　　A．many “short sleepers” needed less sleep before they were teenagers

　　B．many “short sleepers” were forced to reduce their nightly sleep time

　　C．many “long sleepers” were quite concerned when they slept 9 hours

　　D．many “long sleepers” had kept their sleeping habits since childhood

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“The research shows that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood.”可知，答案D符合文意。

　　6．Many “short sleepers” were likely to hold the view that ________.

　　A．sleep could make people appear active and cheerful

　　B．sleep was the least important on their daily routines

　　C．they were acceptable to all their friends and family

　　D．they were less extreme than many mental patients

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as interruptions in their daily routines.”可推知，他们将睡眠看成日常生活的障碍，故答案B符合文意。

　　7．It can be concluded from the third paragraph that ________.

　　A．“short sleepers” dealt with the psychological trouble themselves

　　B．“short sleepers” were unwilling to face psychological problems

　　C．“short sleepers” shortened the sleeping time because of pressures

　　D．“short sleepers” would rather remember than forget their dreams

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“In similar situation, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed ...”可推知，答案B符合文意。

　　8．What is the purpose of writing this passage?

　　A．To introduce the result of a recent research.

　　B．To advise people to sleep for a longer time.

　　C．To show the disadvantages of short sleeping.

　　D．To explain the advantages of long sleeping.

　　解析：选A　写作意图题。根据文章第一段的开篇点题和对文章的整体理解可知，本文是一篇研究报告，写作的主要目的是：介绍研究的成果，故答案A符合文意。

　　[技法点拨]

　　——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

　　一、审题要明

　　审题是短文写作的第一步，也是关键的一步。审题，即考生动笔前通过仔细阅读试题，明确题目要求。

　　1．审汉语要求

　　考生首先要根据汉语要求，弄清是否要求写事例，是哪方面的事例。在高考中，没有按要求写事例的考生，尽管英语运用能力较强，得分却不高。

　　2．审英语提示语

　　从近几年的湖北高考短文写作来看，英语提示语往往呈现“思辨性”特征，因此弄懂提示语所表达的含义对写好短文至关重要。

　　3．审事例

　　近几年的湖北高考短文写作题中，均要求考生写事例。考生首先要选那些积极向上、内容健康、有励志和具有启发意义的事例。

　　4．审人称

　　所举事例根据要求，可以是本人的事例，也可以是周边人的事例，还可以是来自其他途径的事例。来源不同的事例，其人称也就不同。因此，在写作中要保持人称的一致性，不要因人称错误而造成逻辑混乱。

　　5．审时态

　　审时态，即根据所举事例确定事例中的基本时态(一般使用过去时态)。在议论中要用现在时态。考生一定要重视时

　　态，因为如果时态方面的错误过多，评卷时阅卷老师就会从考生应得的分数中扣除3～5分。另外，由于每一个句子都涉及时态问题，考生容易忽略这个问题，用错时态的情况非常普遍，而句子用错时态就会被扣分，且时态错误属于扣分较严重的错误。

　　二、分段要清

　　1．首段要有力

　　湖北短文写作以“三段式”为主。根据英语提示语，第一段要鲜明表明自己的观点，或营造一种背景；语言要简短有力，这样可以给阅卷人一种强烈印象。

　　2．中段要清楚

　　中段为事例，多采用一般过去时，叙述时，注意保持人称上的一致，逻辑顺序要清楚明了。

　　3．末段要照应

　　最后一段往往是叙述从事例中得到的启示和教训，这种启示和教训要与英语提示语核心意义保持相照应。

　　三、事例要典型

　　事例来源是多渠道的，事例的写作不仅仅是知识的储备，也是学习和生活中个人的感悟。平时多用英语记载一些事例或储备一些经典事例，非常有利于考生在高考中的发挥。

　　[题目要求]

　　(2017·湖北高考)请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。

　　We all know that “sticks and stones may break our bones”， but we should also be aware that words can hurt people, too.

　　注意：

　　①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；

　　②除诗歌外，文体不限；

　　③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；

　　④词数不少于120。

　　1．审题

　　(1)本文为开放性作文，体裁为记叙文；

　　(2)人称应用第一人称；

　　(3)举例部分用一般过去时，发表感想用一般现在时。

　　2．谋篇

　　湖北短文写作通常由三个段落构成，以事例为主。

　　第一段简要介绍主题，本文用了两句话来介绍主题，开门见山，让读者一眼就知道作者要表达什么。

　　第二段讲述事例，这一段是文章的主体部分。本文用第一人称通过自己的经历深刻体会语言也会伤人。

　　第三段简短总结，与一、二段相呼应，进一步揭示主题。本文用一句话总结主题，言简意赅。

　　[现场演练]

　　——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

　　满分范文

　　①Sometimes, bad words are to us what knives are to our body.②I learned this from one of my experiences that I went through during Senior One school life.

　　③One day, when I was playing volleyball with my classmates in my PE class, I missed several chances that I should have grasped to meet the ball.④What surprised me most was that my best friend Peter called me “fool”．⑤I was so hurt that I almost accepted the fact that our friendship came to an end.⑥It was my classmates' comfort and persuasion as well as Peter's apology and explanation that helped me realize he did have a strong sense of cooperation and teamwork.⑦It wasn't long before I forgave him and we were again close friends as ever.

　　⑧From this story, I am definitely convinced that bad words really have bad influence on us, and that only with a good understanding of them can we get through and get along well.

　　满分缘由

　　1．结构布局

　　本文分为三段：

　　第一段简要阐明观点。

　　第二段用事例来证明和阐述自己的观点。

　　第三段总结观点，与第一段相呼应。

　　2．亮点词汇

　　came to an end, have a strong sense of, be definitely convinced that, have bad influence on, a good understanding of

　　3．亮点句式

　　第①句包含固定句型： A is to B what C is to D；

　　第③句包含that引导的定语从句和虚拟语气；

　　第④句包含主语从句和表语从句；

　　第⑥句包含强调结构；

　　第⑦句包含It isn't long before从句的句型；

　　第⑧句包含be convinced that 句型和倒装句型。

　　[句式改写]

　　1．用强调结构改写句②

　　It_was_from_one_of_my_experiences_that_I_went_through_during_Senior_One_school_life_that_I_learned_this.

　　2．用it作形式主语改写句④

　　It_surprised_me_most_that_my_best_friend_Peter_called_me_“fool”．

　　3．用倒装句改写句⑤

　　So_hurt_was_I_that_I_almost_accepted_the_fact_that_our_friendship_came_to_an_end.

　　请根据以下提示，并结合事例，用英语写一篇短文。

　　Difficulties arise in the lives of us all.What is most important is dealing with the hard times, coping with the changes, and getting through to the other side where the sun is still shining just for you.

　　注意：①无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语；

　　②除诗歌外，文体不限；

　　③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；

　　④词数不少于120。

　　[要求]

　　请用定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、被动语态和强调句型完成作文。

　　参考范文：

　　There is no denying that difficulties arise in the lives of us all.But what really counts is how we deal with the difficulties to succeed.

　　Three years ago, when I began my senior high school study, I found it extremely difficult to learn English well because so many new words and grammar rules have to be kept in mind.Hard as I might try, I still did poorly in the English exams.It was the hardest time in my life and I nearly lost heart and decided to give up when my mother found my problem. It was she that encouraged me that it took a strong person to deal with tough times and that if I chose to keep on, I would be a strong person and on the way to success.In order to prove myself, I worked even harder than ever.Gradually I began to catch up with the other students in my class.At the end of term I got the highest mark in English.

　　So if we want to meet the shining sun on the other side of the difficulties, we should first take great courage to overcome them and then enjoy the joy of success.