2017届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 2《Healthy eating》（人教版必修3）

　　必修三

　　Unit 2　Healthy eating

　　晨背三部曲（话题：节假日活动）

　　　满分佳作

　　　(2017·辽宁高考)一个英文网站面向中学生征稿。请你写一篇英语稿件，介绍“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。

　　写作要点：

　　1．它是中国传统节日之一；

　　2．家人团聚；

　　3．赏月、吃月饼；

　　4．还有旅游、访友等其他活动。

　　The Mid­Autumn Festival falls on the 15th of the eighth month of our Chinese lunar calendar. ①As one of the traditional Chinese festivals, it has been enjoying great popularity in our country. Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we still try to go home for the celebration. ②The moon that night looks the brightest in the whole lunar month. What we love most is the time we enjoy the full moon together. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat moon cakes and fruit, sharing our stories. In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.

　　热身体验　

　　句型转换

　　1．It_is_one_of_the_traditional_Chinese_festivals and it has been enjoying great popularity in our country.(将句改为并列句)

　　2．It_is_in_the_whole_lunar_month_that the moon that night looks the brightest.(对句中的in th

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．diet

　　n．日常饮食vi.

　　节食

　　2．balance

　　vt.

　　平衡；权衡n.

　　天平；平衡

　　3．slim

　　vi.

　　变细；减肥adj.

　　苗条的；纤细的

　　4．lie

　　n.

　　谎话；谎言vi.

　　说谎

　　5．discount

　　n.

　　折扣

　　6．consult

　　vt.

　　咨询；请教；商量

　　7．digest

　　vi.& vt.

　　消化n.

　　摘要；概要

　　8．spy

　　vi.& vt.

　　窥探；秘密监视n.

　　间谍；侦探

　　9．limit

　　vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度→limited

　　adj.有限的→limitation

　　n．范围；限制

　　10．combine

　　vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合→combination

　　n．联合；结合

　　11．curiosity

　　n．好奇心→curious

　　adj.好奇的→curiously

　　adv.好奇地

　　12．strength

　　n．强项；长处；力量→strengthen

　　vt.加强；巩固→strong

　　adj.强壮的；坚强的

　　13．benefit

　　n．利益；好处

　　vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial

　　adj.有益的；有利的

　　语境记忆

　　14．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear.They will ask all kinds of questions curiously.To meet their curiosity,_we'd better answer them.(curiosity)

　　15．David has a strong body.He has the strength to do this hard work.We had better strengthen the relationship between us.(strength)

　　16．This new railway benefits this area in many ways.It is beneficial to the people living in this area.For the benefit of more people, we should build more railways.(benefit)

　　篇章记忆

　　Out of curiosity, I consult her about how she keeps so slim and energetic.She explains that she never discounts the strength of the balance of a diet.She benefits from more fibre and the limited amount of fat.I don't think it's a lie.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.欠债；负债in_debt

　　2．减肥；体重减轻

　　lose_weight

　　3．增加体重

　　put_on_weight

　　4．赢回；重新获得

　　win_..._back

　　5．削减；删节

　　cut_down

　　6．说谎

　　tell_a_lie

　　7．earn one's living

　　谋生

　　8．get away with

　　被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚

　　9．before long

　　不久以后

　　10．spy on

　　暗中监视；侦查

　　11．be on a diet

　　节食

　　12．glare at

　　怒目而视

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.“否定词＋形容词的比较级”表最高级含义

　　“Nothing could_be_better (更好的了)，” he thought.

　　2．must have done表推测

　　Something terrible must_have_happened (一定发生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.

　　3．have sb./sth. doing ... 允许某人/某物做……或让某人/某物一直做……

　　He could not have Yong Hui getting_away_with_telling_people_lies (允许……哄骗人们却不受惩罚)!

　　4．Why don't you ...？表建议

　　Why_don't_you_sit_down (你为什么不坐下来) and try a meal?

　　5.such ... that ...引导的结果状语从句

　　Their balanced diets became such_a_success_that_before_long (如此大的成功以至于不久以后) Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——情态动词(Ⅱ)

　　完成句子

　　1．The old man's evidence can't be accepted — he can't/couldn't_have_seen anyone enter the victim's room that day, because he is blind.(see)

　　那位老人的证词不能相信，那天他不可能看到有人进入受害者的房间，因为他是盲人。

　　2．In those rough times, mistakes, which could_have_been_avoided,_were crowding in at the same time and my life was totally messed up.(avoid)

　　在那些诸事不顺的日子里，本可以避免的错误全都同时发生了，我的生活完全一团糟。

　　3．We needn't_have_hurried all the way to the airport — the flight was called off because of the foggy weather.(hurry)

　　我们原本没必要匆忙赶到机场——航班因为大雾天气取消了。

　　4．I didn't hear the doorbell and I must_have_been_asleep.(asleep)

　　我刚才没有听到门铃响，想必是睡着了。

　　1.diet

　　n．日常饮食

　　vi.节食

　　　a balanced diet一份均衡的饮食

　　be on a diet/go on a diet

　　控制饮食；节食

　　put sb. on a diet

　　使某人节食

　　①Children who are not active or whose diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.(北京高考)

　　不爱运动或者饮食脂肪含量偏高的孩子会很快发胖。

　　②You're overweight, and I'm going to put you on a diet.

　　你超重了，必须节食。

　　【对点练习】

　　用diet的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①均衡的饮食对我们的健康很重要。

　　A_balanced_diet is very important for our health.

　　②我的牛仔裤都系不上了，我得节食了。

　　I can't fasten my jeans — I'll have to go_on_a_diet.

　　2.balance

　　n．天平，平衡；余额 v．平衡，权衡

　　(1)keep a balance between A and B保持A与B均衡

　　keep one's balance

　　保持平衡

　　lose one's balance

　　失去平衡

　　(2)balance sth.against

　　权衡；斟酌；比较

　　(3)balanced

　　adj.

　　保持(或显示)平衡的

　　keep a balanced diet

　　保持饮食均衡

　　He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.

　　他上楼时失去了平衡，摔伤了自己。

　　②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.

　　你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。

　　【轻松识记】

　　【对点练习】

　　用balance的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①我发现在结冰的路面上走很难保持身体平衡。

　　I found it hard to_keep_my_balance on the icy path.

　　②为了有益于身体健康你最好均衡饮食。

　　You'd better keep_a_balanced_diet for the benefit of your health.

　　【真题印证】

　　③(2017·天津高考)You are working too hard. You'd better keep a ________ between work and relaxation.

　　A．promiseB．lead

　　C．balance

　　D．diary

　　解析：选C　考查名词辨析。句意：你工作太劳累了。你最好使工作与休闲保持均衡。keep a balance“保持平衡”；keep a promise“遵守诺言”；keep a diary“记日记”。

　　3.lie

　　n．谎话，谎言

　　vi.说谎；躺下；位于

　　(1)tell a lie ＝ tell lies　撒谎；说谎话

　　a white lie

　　善意的谎言

　　(2)lie to sb.

　　对某人撒谎

　　lie in

　　位于；在于

　　①He didn't finish his homework last night so he told a lie.

　　他昨天晚上没有完成作业，所以他说了谎。

　　②She told me that happiness lies in helping others.

　　她告诉我快乐的真谛在于帮助他人。

　　【关键一点】　

　　动词原形 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词

　　lie 说谎 lied lied lying

　　lie 躺；卧 lay lain lying

　　lay 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying

　　【对点练习】

　　用lie的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①从他的表情上你可以看出他在对我们撒谎。

　　You could see from his expression that he was_lying_to_us.

　　②幸存者们躺在沙滩上，疲惫不堪又深感震惊。

　　The survivors lay_on_the_beach,_exhausted and shocked.

　　③消除紧张的方法在于学会放松。

　　The cure for stress lies_in learning to relax.

　　4.strength

　　n．[C]长处；强项 [U]力量；体力

　　(1)build up

　　one's strength　增强体质

　　strengths and weaknesses

　　优势和劣势

　　(2)strengthen

　　vt.

　　加强，增强

　　Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one's strength, but also develop one's character.(浙江高考)

　　练习中国功夫不仅能够增强人的体质，还能培养人的性格。

　　②To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses.

　　为了使队员在比赛中表现得更好，教练首先要了解他们的优势和劣势。

　　【个性比较】　strength, energy, power, force

　　strength 指固有的潜力。指人时，意为“力气”；指物时，意为“强度”

　　energy 主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量、能源

　　power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或机器等潜在的或所能发挥出来的力量；还可指职权、权力或政权

　　force 主要指自然界的力量、暴力、势力以及法律、道德、感情的力量和军事力量等

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(strength/energy/power/force)

　　①I'll do everything in my power to help that lady.

　　②I don't have the strength to lift this box.

　　③She put all her energies into her work.

　　④The robber used force to get into the house.

　　【真题印证】

　　⑤(2017·福建高考)—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?

　　—Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.

　　A．strength

　　B．talent

　　C．ability

　　D．skill

　　解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作？”“噢，你知道，英语是我的强项。因此这是我的最佳选择。”strength“强项；长处”；talent“天资；才能”；ability“能力；力量”；skill“技能；擅长”。

　　5.consult

　　vt.& vi.请教；向……咨询；与人商量；查阅

　　consult sb. about sth.就某事请教/咨询某人

　　consult with sb.

　　与某人商量，与某人磋商

　　consult the dictionary

　　查字典

　　①Have you ever consulted a feng shui master to help change your luck in the office or at home?

　　你是否曾经咨询过风水大师来帮助你改变在办公室或在家里的运气吗？

　　②The teacher advised us not to consult the dictionary for every new word.

　　老师建议我们不要每个新单词都查词典。

　　【关键一点】　作“查阅”讲时，consult相当于refer to或turn to，后面接查询的工具书；look up也有“查阅”之意，但它后面需接查询的问题或内容。

　　【轻松识记】

　　【对点练习】

　　介词填空

　　①Now you had better consult with a physician.

　　②Have you consulted your lawyer about this？

　　6.limit

　　vt.限制；限定 n．界限；限度

　　(1)limit ... to ... 把……限制在……内

　　(2)beyond the limit

　　超过限度

　　within the limits of

　　在……范围内

　　set a limit to sth.

　　对……规定限度

　　there is a/no limit to

　　对……是有限的/无限的

　　(3)limited

　　adj.

　　有限的

　　be limited to sth.

　　受限制于……

　　Life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.

　　人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。

　　②I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.

　　我认为教学不应该局限在教室里。

　　【对点练习】

　　介词填空

　　①In my opinion, you had better set a limit to the expense of your trip.

　　②I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.

　　③Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.(2011·福建阅读A)

　　④We'll take care of all your expenses — within limits, of course.

　　【真题印证】

　　⑤(2011·湖北高考)Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also ________ our thinking.

　　A．direct

　　B．limit

　　C．change

　　D．improve

　　解析：选B　考查动词词义辨析。 句意：如果我们想成功，学识很重要，但是它们也可能会限制我们的思维。direct“指导；管理”；limit“限制”；change“改变”；improve“改善；改进”。

　　7.benefit

　　vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益 n．利益；好处

　　(1)benefit from/by ...　从……中受益；得益于……

　　benefit sb.

　　对某人有益

　　(2)be of (much/great) benefit to sb.

　　＝ be (very) beneficial to sb.

　　对某人(非常)有益处

　　for the benefit of ...

　　为了……的利益

　　①The developer benefited from focusing on first­tier cities, including Beijing and Shanghai, where demand remained strong.

　　开发商受益于专注一线城市，包括北京和上海，在那里的需求依然强劲。

　　②The money is to be used for the benefit of the poor.

　　这笔钱将用来为穷人谋福利。

　　【语境串记】　The method of learning English is of much benefit and I believe I can benefit from it.

　　这种英语学习方法很有益，我坚信我能从中受益。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　①Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning, which_will_benefit_us in the long term.(benefit)

　　老师敦促我们养成好的学习习惯，从长远的角度看，这将对我们有益。

　　Ⅱ.用benefit的正确形式填空

　　②It is known to us that a balanced diet

　　【真题印证】

　　③(2017·福建高考)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.

　　A．in charge of

　　B．for the purpose of

　　C．in honor of

　　D．for the benefit of

　　解析：选D　考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了所有市民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医院的改革。in charge of “主管；负责；照料”；for the purpose of“为了；因……起见”；in honor of“为了向……表示敬意”；for the benefit of“为了……的利益”。

　　8.combine

　　vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合

　　　①—In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.

　　—I can't agree more. It's great to have the two combined.

　　(福建高考)

　　——在这个年代女性既可以抚养孩子也可以工作。

　　——我十分同意。把这两者结合起来太好了。

　　combine A and/with B　把A与B相结合

　　combine with ...

　　和……结合起来

　　combine to do sth.

　　联合起来做某事

　　②Some films combine education with recreation.

　　有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。

　　③Only when our theory combines with practice can the former become a reliable knowledge.

　　只有当理论与实践相结合时，理论才会成为真实可信的知识。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①It was several factors that_combined_to_harm our friendship.(combine)

　　正是几种因素结合在一起伤害了我们的友谊。

　　②Sickness, combining_with_terrible_weather,_ruined our trip.(combine)

　　生病，还有恶劣的天气让我们的旅游泡了汤。

　　9.get away with被放过；(做坏事)不受惩罚

　　　①For such a serious mistake he was lucky to get away with a fine.

　　他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。

　　②Nobody gets away with insulting me like that.

　　那样侮辱我的人，我是不会放过的。

　　get away (from)(从)……脱离；逃脱(……)

　　get along/on with

　　与……相处

　　get around/about

　　(消息)传开

　　get down to (doing) sth.

　　开始着手(做)某事

　　get in touch with

　　与……取得联系

　　get over

　　克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来

　　get across

　　讲清楚，使被领会

　　get through

　　完成；接通电话；通过

　　③If we can get over present difficulties, then everything should be all right.

　　如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该会好起来。

　　【对点练习】

　　介、副词填空

　　①I rang him several times this morning but could not get through to him.

　　②The man returned to work after he got over his illness.

　　③She got down to her work right after her holiday.

　　④The child got away with cheating and felt very lucky.

　　⑤He's not very good at getting his ideas across.

　　10.cut down 削减；删节；砍倒；缩短

　　　①With the prices going up, we have to do whatever we can to cut down our family budget.

　　随着物价的上涨，我们只能想尽一切办法减少家庭开支。

　　②We need to cut the article down to

　　1,000 words.

　　我们得把这篇文章压缩到1 000字。

　　cut down on sth.　减少……的量

　　cut across

　　穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)

　　cut in

　　插嘴

　　cut off

　　割掉；切断

　　cut up

　　切碎

　　cut sth. out (of sth.)

　　剪下；删去

　　③It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.

　　孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.写出下列句中cut down的含义

　　①He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.削减

　　②Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.删节

　　③He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood.砍倒

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　④With more and more forests/trees (being) cut down, some animals are facing the danger of dying out.(cut)

　　由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。

　　①lose weight　减肥

　　put on/gain weight

　　变胖；增加体重

　　watch one's weight

　　控制体重

　　②curiosity

　　n.

　　好奇心；求知欲

　　out of curiosity

　　出于好奇

　　satisfy one's curiosity

　　满足某人的好奇心

　　③earn a/one's living ＝ make a/one's living谋生

　　④before long

　　不久以后

　　long before

　　很久以前

　　　【对点练习】

　　　选词填空

　　　①His parents died early, so he had to earn_his_living by selling newspapers.

　　②Children often ask their parents all sorts of questions out_of_curiosity.

　　③She has been taking exercise to lose_weight from day to day.

　　④Before_long our family moved and had to give the pet away.

　　1.“Nothing could be better，” he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”

　　【句型透视】(1)句中的形容词比较级与表示否定含义的不定代词nothing连用，表达最高级含义。

　　I have never seen a more beautiful scenery.

　　我从未看到过更美丽的风景。

　　(2)表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：

　　As far as I am concerned, nothing is more pleasant than traveling.

　　在我看来，没有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。

　　Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.

　　＝ Shanghai is larger than all the other cities in China.

　　＝ Shanghai is larger than any of the other cities in China.

　　上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。

　　【关键一点】　如果比较的主体不属于同一范围，则不能用other, else, rest等表示排除关系的词。

　　Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class.

　　小明比他班级里的其他男孩儿都高。(同范围比较)

　　Xiaoming is taller than any boy in his sister's class.

　　小明比他妹妹班里的任何男孩儿都高。(不同范围比较)

　　【对点练习】

　　句型转换

　　①This is the most interesting story I have ever read.

　　→I have never read a more interesting story than this one.

　　②The boy is the most hard­working student in his class.

　　→The boy is more hard­working than any other student in his class.

　　2.He could not have Yong Hui getting_away_with telling people lies!

　　他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！

　　　【句型透视】(1)have sb. doing sth.意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“让某人一直做某事”时，多用于肯定句中。

　　I can't have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.

　　我不允许你用那种粗鲁的方式跟你妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。

　　(2)其他句式：

　　have sb. do sth.让某人做某事

　　have sth. done

　　让别人做某事；完成某事；遭遇不幸的事

　　have sth. to do

　　有事情要做(主语自己做)

　　have sth. to be done

　　有某事要做(不是主语自己做)

　　Don't be worried.I'll have Tom help you finish the work.

　　别担心，我会让汤姆帮你完成工作的。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.对比填空

　　①

　　②

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　③The boy broke the school rules and the teacher had_him_stand_outside_the_classroom.(have)

　　这个男孩违反了校规，老师让他站在教室外面。

　　④He worked late last night to finish the work, having_his_computer_working_all_night.(work)

　　为了完成工作昨晚他工作到很晚，让他的电脑运行了一整夜。

　　Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空

　　1．The boy had curiosity (curious) about what was going on.

　　2．The government decided to take some measures to strengthen (strength) the economy.

　　3．Fresh air is beneficial (benefit) to one's health.

　　4．To keep healthy, you should keep a balanced (balance) diet.

　　5．How will you use the limited (limit) time you have?

　　6．Sometimes I still suffer from these weaknesses (weak)．

　　7．She is as tall as you, but she's slimmer (slim) than you.

　　8．Never take this medicine in combination (combine) with alcohol.

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　cut down, form good habits, for the benefits of, put on weight, earn one’s living, be limited to, get away with, have…running

　　1．Try to eat less foods which contain too much sugar and fat, which will make you put_on_weight easily.

　　2．You should cut_down the amount of fat and sugar.

　　3．It is very important to form_good living habits .

　　4．For_the_benefit_of your health, it is necessary to have enough rest.

　　5．It is not a good idea to have the machine running all the time.

　　6．At first I have to make it clear that all speeches will be_limited_to 10 minutes.

　　7．The child should be punished.You shouldn't let him get_away_with telling lies.

　　8．I earn_my_living by teaching English in the middle school.

　　Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．人人都想保持健康。

　　2．为保持健康，你应保持饮食均衡。

　　3．减少吃富含糖类和脂肪的食物。

　　4．它们会很容易地让你发胖。

　　5．养成良好的生活习惯很重要。

　　6．为了健康，充分的睡眠是必要的。

　　Everyone hopes to be in good health.But how？Here are some ways to keep healthy.To keep healthy, you should keep a balanced diet. Try to eat less foods containing too much sugar and fat,

　　which will make you put on weight easily. Therefore, you should cut down the amount of them.It is very important to form good living habits; at the same time, for the benefit of your health, it is necessary to have enough rest.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．(2017·武昌区调研)When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon ________ it.

　　A．got offB．got across

　　C．got on

　　D．got over

　　解析：选D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我小时候特别害怕上学，但很快就克服了。get over表示“克服”，符合句意。前三项分别表示“离开”“被理解；把……讲清楚”“进展”，都与句意不符。

　　2．(福建高考)—In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.

　　—I can't agree more. It's great to have the two ________.

　　A．linked

　　B．related

　　C．connected

　　D．combined

　　解析：选D　考查动词辨析。答句句意：我非常同意。把这两者结合起来真是太伟大了。link ...to ...“把……与……连接起来”；relate ...to ...“把……与……联系起来”；connect ...with ...“把……与……连接”，这三个一般为固定短语，强调“连接”的意义。combine意为“结合”，可单独使用，故选D。

　　3．(2017·漳州模拟)Children show strong ________ about everything; they like to find out the ins and outs of everything they can't understand.

　　A．concern

　　B．purpose

　　C．curiosity

　　D．advantage

　　解析：选C　句意：小孩子的好奇心很强，凡是他们不懂的事，总要盘根问底。concern“关心”；purpose“目的”；curiosity“好奇心”；advantage“优势”。根据句意可知C项正确。

　　4．(2017·鄂州模拟)You'd better take into account your own ________ and weaknesses before choosing a major.

　　A．strengths

　　B．benefits

　　C．dislikes

　　D．favorites

　　解析：选A　句意：在选专业之前你最好考虑你的强项和弱项。strength“强项；优势”，符合句意。

　　5．________ on foods that contain a lot of fat and sugar if you want to lose weight.

　　A．Turn down

　　B．Cut down

　　C．Take down

　　D．Slow down

　　解析：选B　句意：如果你想减肥，就减少吃含有大量脂肪和糖分的食物。cut down“减少，削减”，符合句意。turn down表示“拒绝”时其后不跟介词on；take down“拆，记下，写下”；slow down“放慢(速度)，(使)减速”，均不符合语境。

　　6．We suggest that students should not buy computers ________， because most of them are of bad quality and do harm to them.

　　A．at a discount

　　B．at any cost

　　C．at a price

　　D．at any price

　　解析：选A　句意：我们建议学生们不要购买打折的电脑，因为它们中的大多数都有一些质量问题，会给学生带来危害。at a discount“打折扣”；at any cost ＝ at any price“不惜任何代价”；at a price“以很高代价”。

　　7．The medicine should usually be kept out of the ________ of children at home.

　　A．distance

　　B．reach

　　C．limit

　　D．arrival

　　解析：选B　考查名词辨析。句意：药品通常应该放在家里孩子们够不着的地方。keep sth.out of the reach of sb.“把某物放在某人够不着的地方”。

　　8．We were so sorry to have caused trouble.A little boy pulled down the handle of the fire alarm just ________.

　　A．out of respect

　　B．out of sight

　　C．out of curiosity

　　D．out of reach

　　解析：选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：给你们添麻烦真不好意思。一个小男孩出于好奇拉下了火警的手柄。out of curiosity“出于好奇”。out of respect“出于尊重”；out of sight“看不见”；out of reach“够不着”。

　　9．Every time I get into trouble, I ________ my good friend Lily, who always gives me practical advice.

　　A．consult

　　B．trick

　　C．persuade

　　D．forgive

　　解析：选A　句意：每次我遇到困难，我都会向好朋友莉莉请教，她总能给我切合实际的建议。consult“咨询；请教”，符合句意。trick“欺骗”；persuade“说服”；forgive“原谅”，均不符合语境。

　　10．The school needs to ________ the interests of different levels of students to create a better learning environment.

　　A．seek

　　B．include

　　C．identify

　　D．balance

　　解析：选D　考查动词辨析。句意：为了创造一个更好的学习环境，学校需要平衡不同水平学生的兴趣。seek“寻找；探索”；include“包括”；identify“识别；鉴别”；balance“平衡”。

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．(2017·鄂州市高三期末)“We don't think the painting can/could_be_valuable，” said the experienced artist, shrugging.(valuable)

　　这位有经验的艺术家耸耸肩，说道：“我们认为这幅画不可能值钱。”

　　2．Since my childhood I have found that nothing is more_attractive_to_me than reading.(attractive)

　　从儿时起我就发现，没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力。

　　3．(2017·湖北省部分重点中学联考)My friend is crazy about the pop singer Yao Beina.He once told us, “In my mind, never have_I_heard a more beautiful voice than hers.”(hear)

　　我的一个朋友对流行歌手姚贝娜痴迷不已。他曾说过：“在我心中，我从未听过比她更美的嗓音。”

　　4．You should_have_apologized_to your teacher for what you had done, but you haven't done so up to now.(apologize)

　　你应该为你所做的事向老师道歉，但是至今为止你还没这样做。

　　5．My father is very strict with me.Whenever I tell_a_lie,_he will give me a thick ear.(tell)

　　我父亲对我很严厉。我一撒谎，他就会狠狠地揍我。

　　6．(2017·襄阳调研)Owing to the guard's carelessness, the thief was lucky to escape, otherwise he could_not_have_got_away_with stealing so many valuable things.(get)

　　由于保安的疏忽大意小偷侥幸逃脱，否则的话他不可能偷走那么多贵重物品而不受惩罚。

　　7．(2017·武汉调研)The more you know before you start, the_fewer_mistakes_you'll_make.(make)

　　你开始前了解越多，你犯的错误就会越少。

　　8．It was the new way of doing business that_I_benefited_from a lot.(benefit)

　　我是从新的经营办法中受益匪浅的。

　　9．Your story is perfect; I've never_heard_a_better_one before.(hear)

　　你的故事太完美了，我以前从来没有听过比这更好听的故事。

　　10．(2017·湖北部分重点中学联考)The refrigerator that I had_had_repaired broke down again.What bad luck! (repair)

　　我之前让人修理的电冰箱又坏了。 真倒霉啊！

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·襄阳四中调研)Let's face it. No one drinks diet soda for the taste.People drink diet soda in the hope that it will help them lose weight or at least keep them from gaining it. Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect, according to a new study.

　　Researchers from the University of Texas said those who drank two or more diet sodas a day had waist size increases that were six times greater than those who didn't drink diet soda. “What we saw was that the more diet sodas a person drank, the more weight they were likely to gain，” said Sharon Fowler.

　　The study was based on data from 474 participants in a large, ongoing research project, where the participants were followed for nearly 10 years.

　　While the findings are surprising, they also offer some explanations.

　　Nutrition expert, Melanie Rogers, who works with overweight patients in New York, has found that when patients are switched from regular to diet soda, they don't lose weight at all.“We weren't seeing weight loss necessarily, and that was confusing to us，” said Rogers.

　　So why would diet soda cause weight gain? No one knows for sure yet, but it could be that people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda, and so over­compensate for the missing calories.

　　A related study found some sweeteners (甜味剂) raised blood sugar levels in some mice.“Data from this and other potential studies suggest that the promotion of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky，” said Helen P．Hazuda, professor at the University of Texas' school of medicine. “They may be free of calories, but not of consequences.”

　　1．People drink diet soda to ________.

　　A．enjoy its taste

　　B．stay in fashion

　　C．achieve weight loss

　　D．gain more energy

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句中的“will help them lose weight”可知，人们饮用苏打水的目的是减肥。故选C。

　　2．The new study suggests that drinking diet soda ________.

　　A．causes people to become heavier

　　B．helps people to be healthier

　　C．makes people much thinner

　　D．offers people more calories

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Yet it seems to have exactly the opposite effect, according to a new study.”可知，饮用苏打水不但不能减肥，反而会导致体重增加。故选A。

　　3．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A．regular soda makes people lose more weight

　　B．diet soda drinkers tend to eat more food

　　C．diet soda does help reduce calories

　　D．most blood diseases come from diet soda

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“people think they can eat more if they drink diet soda”可知，人们认为饮用苏打水后可以吃得更多。故选B。

　　4．The underlined word “They” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ________”．

　　A．sweeteners

　　B．diet sodas and artificial sweeteners

　　C．sodas

　　D．diet soda drinkers and sweetener takers

　　解析：选B　代词指代题。根据文章最后一段所讲述的内容，特别是“the promotion of diet sodas and artificial sweeteners may be risky”可知，They指代的是“diet sodas and artificial sweeteners”。故选B。

　　B

　　(2017·莆田模拟)I was driving home the other day on a sunny afternoon. I had a smile on my face as I sang along to the songs on the radio. It was such a beautiful day that I felt full of happiness. My good mood ended, however, when the radio station took a news break between songs. Then suddenly I found myself listening to yet another story of a rich famous man who had broken the law. I shook my head as I came to a red traffic light.

　　As I pulled to a stop I noticed four leather­jacketed bikers. They were standing in the middle of the road with two on either side of the light. They looked rough and dangerous, but as I got closer I noticed each one was holding their helmet in their hands. I rolled down my window as one approached my car. “We are the Brother of the Wheel，” he said. “We are collecting money for Christmas Toy Drive for needy children.” As I pulled a dollar out of my wallet I looked past his beard and into his eyes. They shined with goodness and kindness that came right from his soul. I dropped the money in his helmet and waved to the other bikers as I drove off. My good mood had returned. My faith in mankind had been bolstered. And I remembered once again never to judge people by their appearance.

　　Our society often judges books by their covers but God reads what is written in our hearts and souls. Perhaps one day we will all learn to see the world through the same eyes. Perhaps one day we will realize that looks matter little and actions matter much.

　　5．The writer's good mood ended when ________.

　　A．he heard news between songs

　　B．he had to stop at a red traffic light

　　C．he heard a rich man broke the law

　　D．he saw four leather­jacketed bikers

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“My good mood ended, however, when the radio station took a news break between songs.”可知，歌曲间歇插播的资讯使作者没了好心情。故答案选A。

　　6．What were the four bikers doing at the traffic lights?

　　A．Having a bicycle race in the street.

　　B．Selling helmets to the passers­by.

　　C．Raising money to help kids in need.

　　D．Preparing for Christmas holidays.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We are collecting money for Christmas Toy Drive for needy children.”可知，他们是在为贫困儿童募捐。故答案选C。

　　7．What does “bolstered” in the second paragraph probably mean?

　　A．Destroyed.

　　B．Improved.

　　C．Decreased.

　　D．Exploded.

　　解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词的上下文内容可知，作者起初对这四个人印象不好，因为他们看起来很粗鲁，并且很危险。但在得知他们真正的目的后，作者的看法改变了。作者对人性的认识得到了提升，明白了“不能以貌取人”的道理。因此bolster应与improve意思相近。故答案选B。

　　8．The writer wants to tell us that we should ________.

　　A．have faith in young people

　　B．judge others by their actions

　　C．change our attitude to society

　　D．manage to help others in need

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Perhaps one day we will realize that looks matter little and actions matter much.”可知，作者想要告诉人们不要以貌取人，行动更重要。故答案选B。

　　阅读理解解题技法(一)　巧解五类细节理解题

　　1．“跳读”法——破解直接细节理解题：一般通过在文章中查找题干中所含有的关键词。

　　2．“按图索骥”法——破解概括式细节理解题：按照题目要求在原文中找到出处；然后在原文的基础上加以概括、总结。

　　3．巧用“加减乘除”——破解数据性细节理解题：弄清询问数据与原文数据的因果关系，必要时进行加减乘除或单位换算。

　　4．“原题原文静心觅”——破解多细节理解题之正误判断题：带着原题回到原文中，看一看它们之间的吻合性(由于这类题目头绪多，考生往往产生急躁心理)。

　　5．“排头选中后定尾”——破解细节性信息排序题：四个选项中可以先用排除法确定第一个；然后根据原文确定中间几个的排序；最后一个自然可以确定。

　　方法一、“跳读”法——破解直接细节理解题

　　[典例](2017·山东高考阅读理解A节选)Jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. He has a good heart, but always feared applying for a new job.

　　One day, he gathered up all his strength and decided to attend a job interview. His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8：30. While waiting for a bus to the office where he was supposed to be interviewed, he saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car. Obviously there was something wrong with the car. Jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. When Jimmy finished working on the car, the old man asked him how much he should pay for the service. Jimmy said there was no need to pay him; he just helped someone in need, and he had to rush for an interview. Then the old man said, “Well, I could take you to the office for your interview. It's the least I could do. Please, I insist.” Jimmy agreed.

　　56．Why did Jimmy apply for a new job?

　　A．He was out of work.B．He was bored with his job.

　　C．He wanted a higher position.

　　D．He hoped to find a better boss.

　　57．What did Jimmy see on the way to the interview?

　　A．A friend's car had a flat tyre.

　　B．A wild man was pushing a car.

　　C．A terrible car accident happened.

　　D．An old man's car broke down.

　　【点拨领悟】

　　(1)跳读原文，可以找到56题题干中的关键词“apply for a new job”出现在第一段最后一句；由此定位点向前可直接找到问题答案“but he lost his job a few months ago”，因此选A项。

　　(2)跳读原文，可以找到57题题干中的关键词“see”， “interview”出现在第二段第三句；由此定位点向后一句可直接找到问题答案“Obviously there was something wrong with the car.”，因此选D项。

　　方法二、“按图索骥”法——破解概括式细节理解题

　　[典例](2017·山东高考阅读理解B节选)George Gershwin, born in 1898, was one of America's greatest composers. He published his first song when he was eighteen years old. During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.

　　Many of Gershwin's songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way — from jazz to country.

　　In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra

　　leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious

　　music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had

　　just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him world­famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.

　　61．Many of Gershwin's musical works were ________.

　　A．written about New Yorkers

　　B．composed for Paul Whiteman

　　C．played mainly in the countryside

　　D．performed in various ways

　　【点拨领悟】

　　(1)“按图”由题干“Many of Gershwin's musical works were ...”可知61题是介绍Gershwin音乐作品的相关内容。

　　(2)“索骥”根据第二段中的第一句“Many of Gershwin's songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.”可知，乔治的多数歌曲是写给音乐剧的，不是写给纽约人的，可排除选项A；同时这些歌曲是在纽约市演奏的，不是在农村演奏的，可排除选项C；根据第三段可知Gershwin是应Paul Whiteman之邀为那场特别音乐会仅谱一曲，即Rhapsody in Blue，与题干相矛盾，排除选项B；再根据第二段最后一句“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way — from jazz to country.”可知，他的作品被以各种形式演奏，故选择D项。

　　方法三、“加减乘除”——破解数据性细节理解题

　　[典例](2017·福建高考阅读理解A节选)When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring.They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials (姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.

　　What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasn't being “replaced”．We'd been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everything — so most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what we'd lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.

　　Then, only one month later, I lost it.I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it.But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it.And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.

　　Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents' when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasn't my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other gift­giving occasion.Mum noticed my questioning look.“You'll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.

　　Then she handed me a small ring box.I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside.

　　The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecoration, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring.They'd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother.

　　And it still fits me.

　　57．When she got the ring back, the writer was about ________.

　　A．13 years old　B．15 years old

　　C．26 years old

　　D．28 years old

　　【点拨领悟】

　　原文依据：

　　第一段“在我13岁生日的时候，妈妈送给了我一枚这样的戒指作为生日礼物”→第三段的最后“两年后我们卖掉了房子”→倒数第二段中“13年前买我们房子的那家人对房子进行装修，换地毯时发现了我丢失的戒指”。

　　结论：三个数字相加，得出结论是作者28岁时又重新得到了这枚戒指。

　　方法四、“原题原文静心觅”——破解多细节理解题之正误判断题

　　[典例](2017·安徽高考阅读理解C节选)When 19­year­old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make­A­Wish Foundation (基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make­A­Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.

　　Sophia told us that Make­A­Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980.“It's a charity (慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses.Make­A­Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true，” Sophia explained.

　　We asked Sophia how Make­A­Wish had first started.She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman.Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris's dream come true — so, with everybody's help, Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a “policeman” for a day.“When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make­A­Wish，” explained Sophia.

　　Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time.A Make­A­Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish

　　for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.

　　67．Which of the following is TRUE about Make­A­Wish volunteers?

　　A．They are important for making wishes come true.

　　B．They try to help children get over their illnesses.

　　C．They visit sick children to make them feel special.

　　D．They provide what is necessary to make Make­A­Wish popular.

　　【点拨领悟】

　　按文章的先后顺序，从原文中寻找与67题的四个选项相匹配的细节，比较它们之间的吻合性，从而确定符合题目要求的选项。原文第二段“Make­A­Wish helps children ... come true ...”说明Make­A­Wish是通过帮助病中的孩子实现梦想来让他们感到快乐的，故B项错误；原文最后一段第二句说明志愿者拜访孩子家庭的目的是询问孩子的梦想，而不是让他们感到与众不同，故C项错误；原文最后一段第三句与答案A项符合，故答案为A。原文最后一段第四句说明志愿者向孩子们提供必需品的目的是“do this”，而结合上文可以看出“do this”是指帮助孩子实现梦想，故D项错误。

　　方法五、　“排头选中后定尾”——破解细节性信息排序题

　　[典例](2011·山东高考阅读理解D节选)The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp (头皮) and sends them to

　　a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.

　　73．Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?

　　A．scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair

　　B．computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair

　　C．scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair

　　D．cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

　　“排头”：A、C两项是以scalp开头，通常可以排除B、D两项，此处需回到原文中得到验证。“选中”：cap是一个中间过程，它负责从scalp获取信息，然后传递到computer，故C项正确。“定尾”：本题中最后一项相同，故此步骤可省略。