2017届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 5《Nelson Mandela

　　必修一

　　Unit 5 Nelson Mandela ---

　　a modern hero

　　经典佳句　特殊句式(倒装)　

　　1．一个小型工厂坐落在这条河的南岸。

　　South of the river lies a small factory.

　　2．只有用这种方法我们才能建设一个和谐社会。

　　Only in this way can we build a harmonious society.

　　3．我一到北京就给你打电话了。

　　No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.

　　＝ Hardly had I got to Beijing when I called you.

　　4．美丽的微笑不仅使我们快乐，而且能够使别人感到愉悦。

　　Not only can a beautiful smile make us happy, but also it enables others to feel delighted.

　　5．这本书是那么有趣，我想再读一遍。

　　So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.

　　6．同样吸引人的是那些世界名人们成功的故事。

　　Equally attractive are the success stories of world­famous people.

　　热身体验成下列句子

　　1．Only when he returned did_we_find_the_truth (我们才查明了真相)．

　　2．In a lecture hall of a university in England sits_a_professor

　　(坐着一位教授)．

　　3.In their opinion, nor_is_it_important (也不重要) for learning English.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的

　　2．stage n.

　　舞台；阶段；时期

　　3．vote vt.& vi.

　　投票；选举n.

　　投票；选票；表决

　　4．attack vt.

　　进攻；攻击；抨击

　　5．escape vi.& vt.

　　逃脱；逃走；避开

　　6．opinion n.

　　意见；看法；主张

　　7．quality n．质量；品质；性质→quantity (形似词) n．数量；量

　　8．active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n．活动

　　9．devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚

　　10．peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦

　　11．legal adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal (反义词) adj.非法的，违法的

　　12．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的

　　13．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地

　　educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家

　　15．beg vi.请求；乞求→beggar n．乞丐

　　16．reward n．报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏→rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回报的

　　语境记忆

　　17．All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)

　　18．A wave of violence spread throughout the whole country and some people became so violent that they set fire to cars.(violence)

　　19．After years of fighting the people longed for peace. They all want to live peacefully and happily. Before the war, they led a peaceful life in the countryside.(peace)

　　篇章记忆

　　He was rewarded for his devotion and generosity to education.He is strongly against violence and terrorism.In his opinion, attack of any kind is cruel and not equal.Everyone should obey the legal principles — law and we'll live a peaceful life.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中in_trouble

　　2．求助于；致力于

　　turn_to

　　3．当权；上台

　　come_to_power

　　4．被判处……(徒刑)

　　be_sentenced_to

　　5．失业

　　out_of_work

　　6．as a matter of fact

　　事实上

　　7．blow up

　　使充气；爆炸

　　8．be willing to do sth.

　　愿意做某事

　　9．lose heart

　　丧失勇气或信心

　　10．set up

　　设立；建立

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.the first(＋n./pron.)＋to do不定式作后置定语

　　He was the_first_man_to_land_on_the_moon (第一位登上月球的人) in July 1969.

　　2．stage表示抽象的地点时，常接where引导的定语从句

　　Today we have reached a_stage_where (……的阶段) we have almost no rights at all.

　　3．only修饰状语置于句首引起的倒装句

　　Only_then_did_we_decide_to (直到那时我们才决定) answer violence with violence.

　　4．the first time引导时间状语从句

　　I felt bad the_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group (我第一次给一个小组作讲解时)．

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——定语从句(Ⅱ)完成句子

　　1．I'll be away on business for four days, during which_time_Mr_Smith_will_be_in_charge_of the whole project.(charge)

　　我要出差四天，在那期间史密斯先生将负责整个项目。

　　2．Many athletes are clear that the Olympic Games are the only time when_they_will_be_watched by thousands of millions.(watch)许多运动员很清楚，奥运会是唯一的他们被无数人观看的机会。

　　3．There are moments in life when_you_miss_them_so_much that you just want to pick them up from dream and hug them for real.(miss)

　　生活中有很多时候，你非常想念他们以至于你就是想在梦里遇见他们并真实地拥抱他们。

　　4．When someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where_they_are_well_looked_after_by_nurses/nurses_look_after_them_well.(look)

　　当人变老后，他们常去和其他老人住在一座房子里，从里面有护士照顾好他们。

　　5．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, from_where_we_enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.(enjoy)

　　我和我的朋友走到了山顶，从那里我们欣赏了美丽的湖景。

　　1.devote vt.献身；专心于

　　(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.

　　献身于……；致力于……

　　devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.

　　把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……

　　(2)devoted adj.　忠实的；深爱的

　　be devoted to (doing) sth.

　　专心于；奉献于……

　　(3)devotion n.

　　关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚

　　If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.

　　如果你有了一份工作，务必要全身心地投入其中，最终你将会成功。

　　②Her son, to whom she is (so) devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village.

　　她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外，留下她一个人在小村子里。

　　【联想发散】在短语devote ... to中to为介词，其后接名词或动名词，类似短语还包括：

　　①look_forward_to　期盼

　　②get_down_to

　　开始着手做

　　③be/get_used_to

　　习惯于

　　④be/get_accustomed_to

　　习惯于

　　⑤lead_to

　　导致

　　⑥pay_attention_to

　　注意

　　⑦object_to

　　反对

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①Trading leather handbags is the business to_which_the_Greens_have_been_devoted over the past decade.(devote)

　　卖皮手提包是格林夫妇在过去十年里一直从事的生意。

　　②Devoted_to_his_research_work,_the professor cared little about any other things.(devote)

　　教授致力于研究工作，对其他任何事情都关心甚少。

　　③A hobby is what you never get tired of — the_more_time_you_devote_to_it,_the more fun you will have.(devote)

　　爱好是不会让你感到厌倦的——你投入的时间越多，获得的乐趣就越多。

　　2.vote vt.& vi.投票；选举 n．投票；选票；表决

　　(1)vote for/against投票赞成/反对

　　vote on

　　投票表决

　　vote to do sth.

　　表决做某事

　　(2)put ... to the vote

　　付诸表决、裁决

　　①I thought the plan was very good, so I voted for it.

　　我认为这项计划很好，于是我投了赞成票。

　　②When it was put to the vote, they were all for the proposal.

　　这条建议付诸表决时，他们都表示赞成。

　　【对点练习】

　　介词填空

　　①People voted against Henry, who often tells lies.

　　②Vote for the man you can trust.

　　③As we can't agree on this matter, let's have a vote on it.

　　3.equal adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的 vt.等于；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物

　　(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任做某事

　　of equal importance

　　同等重要的

　　(2)A equals B in ...

　　A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌

　　(3)without equal

　　无与伦比

　　(4)equality n.

　　平等

　　(5)equally adv.

　　相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地

　　Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.

　　没有什么乐趣比得上你在阅读故事时一个出人意料的结尾所带来的乐趣。

　　②The island is equally attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

　　因为春秋两个季节的天气都非常怡人，所以这个小岛在这两个季节都很吸引人。

　　【对点练习】

　　介词填空

　　①She is very weak and not equal to making a long journey.

　　②His paintings are without equal in the western world.

　　③Nobody can equal him in intelligence.

　　【真题印证】

　　④)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________

　　respected.

　　A．especially　B．equally

　　C．naturally

　　D．normally

　　解析：选B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：任何一个人，不管是政府官员还是公交司机都应该同样受到尊敬。especially“尤其；特别”；equally“相等地”；naturally“天然地；自然地”； normally“通常；正常地”。

　　4.escape vi.逃脱 vt.避免；被遗忘 n．逃脱

　　(1)escape from从……逃脱，逃避

　　escape doing

　　避免做……

　　escape punishment/death

　　逃脱惩罚/死里逃生

　　sth. escape(s) sb.

　　某物被某人遗忘；未被注意

　　(2)a narrow escape

　　九死一生

　　make one's escape

　　逃跑

　　①His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat's paws.

　　他的心狂跳不止，来不及思考赶紧逃窜，幸运地从那只猫的爪子下逃脱了。

　　②Last year I had a narrow escape, and I don't want to risk my life a second time.

　　去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.写出下列句中escape的含义

　　①So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.逃跑

　　②The oil escaped from the broken pipes.漏出

　　③Her name escaped from my memory.被遗忘

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　④So sudden was the attack that the enemy had_no_time_to_escape.(escape)

　　袭击如此突然以至于敌人没有时间逃跑。

　　5.reward n．报酬；奖金 vt.酬劳；奖赏

　　(1)as a reward for (sth.)作为对(某事的)报酬/奖赏

　　in reward (for ...)

　　作为(……的)报答；作为(……的)奖励

　　(2)reward sb. for ...

　　为……酬谢某人

　　reward sb. with sth.

　　用某物酬谢某人

　　①Society should care for heroes to ensure kind people are respected and rewarded.

　　社会应该照顾好英雄以确保善良的人得到尊重和奖励。

　　②As a reward for passing the College Entrance Examinations, many students got iPads as presents.

　　很多学生通过大学考试后，得到了iPad作为礼物。

　　【对点练习】

　　一句多译

　　我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。

　　I gave him a book in_reward_for_his_help.(reward n．)

　　②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book.(reward n．)

　　③I rewarded_him_with_a_book for his help.(reward v．)

　　6.in trouble 有麻烦；处于困难中

　　get into/out of trouble　陷入/摆脱困境(表动作)

　　have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困难

　　ask/look for trouble

　　自找麻烦；自讨苦吃

　　take the trouble to do sth.

　　不怕费事或困难尽力做某事

　　①If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.

　　如果你有麻烦了，迈克总是乐于伸出援助之手。

　　②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.

　　无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心辅导。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①Don't hesitate to ask for help when_in_trouble.(trouble)

　　有麻烦时，不要犹豫，要请求帮助。

　　②You can't imagine the trouble I_had_in_persuading him to change his mind.(persuade)

　　你无法想象我说服他改变主意有多么困难。

　　③Thanks for the trouble you have_taken_to_help_us.(take)

　　谢谢你不辞劳苦地帮助我们。

　　7.turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向

　　①Don't hesitate to turn to us if you are in difficulty.

　　你要有困难，尽管来找我们帮忙。

　　②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.

　　大学毕业后他当了老师，但后来转向了资讯业。

　　turn around/round转身

　　turn away

　　不准……入内

　　turn down

　　关小；拒绝

　　turn off/on

　　关掉/打开

　　turn over

　　翻身；翻转；移交

　　turn up

　　出现；露面；调大

　　turn out

　　证明是；结果是

　　③He turned down my suggestion and turned over the business to his daughter.

　　他拒绝了我的建议，把生意移交给了他的女儿。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据汉语提示用turn的相关短语完成小片段

　　今天早上，祖母像往常一样打开收音机听资讯。她感觉听不清楚，便把声音调大，但是没起作用，她只得求助于我父亲。我看到父亲关掉了收音机并翻过来看哪里出了问题，原来是旋钮出错了。我父亲修好旋钮后让祖母把声音调小，因为这个时候邻家的小孩子在睡觉。

　　This morning, my grandmother turned_on the radio to listen to news as usual. She felt she could not hear clearly, so she turned it up. But it was no use. She had to turn_to my father for help. I saw my father turn_off the radio and turn it over to see what was wrong. It turned_out that the button didn't work any more. My father repaired it and told my grandmother to turn_down the radio, for the neighbor's little baby was asleep at the time.

　　【基础点专练】

　　①quality n．质量；品质；性质

　　of high/low quality高/低质量的

　　in quality

　　在质量上

　　②out of work ＝ out of a job

　　失业

　　常见的以out of开头的短语：

　　out of breath

　　上气不接下气

　　out of balance

　　失去平衡

　　out of date

　　过时

　　out of control

　　失去控制

　　out of the question

　　不可能的

　　out of question

　　毫无疑问

　　out of reach

　　够不着

　　out of sight

　　看不见

　　③attack vt.& n.

　　进攻；攻击；抨击；(疾病等的)侵害

　　be attacked with a disease

　　害病

　　under attack

　　受到袭击

　　make an attack on ...

　　攻击/袭击/抨击……

　　④lose heart

　　丧失勇气或信心

　　lose one's heart to

　　爱上；喜欢上

　　learn sth. by heart

　　背诵；记牢

　　put one's heart into

　　专心于

　　break one's heart

　　使某人伤心

　　⑤come to power

　　当权，上台

　　come to power不可与表示时间段的状语连用，若要与表示时间段的状语连用，则要用be in power。

　　⑥opinion n．[C]

　　意见；看法；主张

　　in one's opinion

　　在某人看来

　　have a good opinion of ...

　　对……评价好

　　give/express one's opinion on ...

　　对……发表意见

　　　【对点练习】

　　　选词填空come to power, in one’s opinion, be out of work, lose heart, of high quality, be attacked with

　　①She is very sad because her mother is_attacked_with cancer.

　　②This new type of machine is of_high_quality and is not expensive.

　　③Don't lose_heart — you'll do better next time.

　　④By the time he came_to_power in 1951 he was already seventy.

　　⑤In_many_people's_opinion,_the measures taken by the company are improper.

　　⑥Life was very hard since both of them were_out_of_work.

　　1.He was the_first_man_to_land on the moon in July 1969.

　　1969年7月，他成为第一位登上月球的人。

　　【句型透视】句中to land ... 是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰man。

　　用不定式作定语的几种情况：

　　(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及next, only, last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。

　　Do you know who was the first athlete to win the gold medal in the 2017 Asian Games?

　　你知道谁是第一位在2017年亚运会上获得金牌的运动员吗？

　　(2)用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有ability, chance, promise, attempt, need, opportunity, way, reason, moment, time等。

　　Do you have the ability to read and write in English?

　　你具备英语读写能力吗？

　　(3)不定式作后置定语时常表示将来的动作。

　　I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.

　　我借了一些书，准备在假期读。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①Miss Brown was the_next_person_to_rise to speak.(rise)

　　布朗小姐是下一位站起来发言的人。

　　②Take it easy! I must keep the_promise_to_pay within a month.(pay)

　　放心吧！我一定遵守在一个月之内偿还的诺言。

　　2. ... only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到那时，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

　　　【句型透视】only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。

　　Only recently have I had time to read the book.

　　直到最近我才有时间读这本书。

　　Only in this way can you learn English well.

　　只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。

　　Only when he came back from work did I go to bed last night.

　　昨天晚上直到他下班回来我才上床睡觉。

　　【关键一点】　only 修饰名词或代词位于句首作主语时，句子不用倒装。

　　Only a few of the children haven't yet got a chance of being educated.

　　仍有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.句型转换

　　①It was only when I left my parents for Italy that I realized how much I loved them.

　　→Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them.

　　②We will make greater progress only by practice.

　　→Only by practice will we make greater

　　progress.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　③The air pollution in China is so serious that only when all departments take effective measures can/will_we_reduce_damage hopefully.(reduce)

　　中国的空气污染如此严重，只有所有部门都采取有效措施我们才能有望减少危害。

　　④It is only after I left high school that_I_realized how much time I had wasted.(realize)

　　只有在我离开高中后我才明白我浪费了多少时间。

　　Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1．Her devotion (devote) to the job left her with very little time.

　　2．This position is equally (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.

　　3．They succeeded in escaping (escape) from the burning bus, which was a terrible experience.

　　4．In some parts of the city, teachers have to deal with violence (violent) in the classroom.

　　5．The baby looks so peaceful (peace) when he's sleeping.

　　6．We are proud of our achievements and hopeful (hope) about the future.

　　7．Under our teacher's guidance (guide), we finished the work smoothly.

　　8．The people who work here are well educated (educate) and open­minded.

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　in

　　1．When I was out of work, I didn't know whom to turn_to at first.

　　2．My teacher was_generous_with his time, and gave me some advice.

　　3．I was_grateful_to my teacher for his help.

　　4．When anyone of us was in_trouble,_he always encouraged us not to lose_heart and be hopeful about the future.

　　5．Give your father my regards next_time you see him.

　　6．She got nothing in_reward_for her kindness, which surprised us.

　　7．Bill is_equal_to the task of running the office.

　　8．He devoted all his spare time to helping his students with their English.

　　Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．当我失业时，刚开始我不知道向谁求助。

　　2．我想起了我的老师，我去向他征求建议。

　　3．他十分慷慨地给予我时间，并给了我一些建议，为此我非常感激。

　　4．我记得在上学的日子里，当我们有人处于麻烦中时，他总是鼓励我们不要灰心，要对未来充满希望。

　　When I was out of work, I didn't know whom to turn to at first.I thought of my teacher whom I went to for advice.He was generous with his time, and gave me some advice, for which I was grateful.I remember in my school days, when anyone of us was in trouble, he always encouraged us not to lose heart and be hopeful about the future.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．More than 700 foreign language training institutions have been ________ in Beijing to encourage people to learn another language.

　　A．set aboutB．set up

　　C．set down

　　D．set aside

　　解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：700多个外语培训机构在北京成立，用来鼓励人们学习另一门语言。set up“建立；创立”，符合句意。set about“开始做；着手做”；set down“写下；制定”； set aside“省出，留出；暂不考虑”。

　　2．Despite his talent, he would not succeed in the sport of snowboarding without ________ financial support from his community.

　　A．reliable

　　B．potential

　　C．grateful

　　D．generous

　　解析：选D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然他有天赋，但要是没有社区慷慨的经济支援，他不会在滑雪板运动中获得成功。reliable“可靠的”； potential“有潜力的”； grateful“感激的”； generous“慷慨的；大方的”。

　　3．After the quarrel, I tried all my best to fix the misunderstanding between us, but all my efforts seemed ________.

　　A．in trouble

　　B．in case

　　C．in effect

　　D．in vain

　　解析：选D　句意：争吵之后，我尽力消除我们之间的误解，但是我所有的努力看起来徒劳无功。in vain“徒劳无益”，符合句意。

　　4．—Credit cards are ________ useful when traveling.

　　—True. They save us the trouble of taking too much cash.

　　A．particularly

　　B．equally

　　C．exactly

　　D．gradually

　　解析：选A　句意：“外出旅游的时候，信用卡尤其有用。”“是的，它们为我们省去了携带太多现金的麻烦。”空处修饰形容词useful, 表示程度，所以用particularly, 意思是“尤其”。equally“同样地”； exactly“精确地”； gradually“逐渐地”。

　　5．If you can help do some housework during the whole summer vacation, you will have an iPod mini as a(n) ________.

　　A．reward

　　B．award

　　C．honor

　　D．credit

　　解析：选A　考查名词词义辨析。reward“奖赏；回报”；award“荣誉；奖品”；honor“荣誉”；credit“信任；赞扬；信贷”。

　　6．The tanker, which was full of petrol, ________ and gave off heavy and dark flames the moment a truck knocked into it.

　　A．blew up

　　B．put up

　　C．picked up

　　D．brought up

　　解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：当一辆卡车撞向这个装满油的油罐车时，这辆油罐车爆炸了，冒出了滚滚浓烟和火焰。blow up“炸毁；爆炸”，符合句意。

　　7．I am heavily ________ at the moment, but I hope to be out of it when I get paid.

　　A．in debt

　　B．in trouble

　　C．of difficulty

　　D．in danger

　　解析：选A　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我现在陷入严重的债务危机中，但是我希望发了工资后会摆脱债务困扰。由后半句的“out of it when I get paid”可知，A项正确。in debt“欠债”；in trouble“陷入困境”；in danger“处于危险中”。

　　8．The new government made a promise that they would surely improve the ________ of people's life.

　　A．outline

　　B．quality

　　C．insurance

　　D．attitude

　　解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：新政府做出承诺他们将一定提高人们的生活质量。quality “质量；品质”，符合句意。outline “要点；大纲；轮廓”； insurance “保险”； attitude “态度；看法”。

　　9．There were so many people mining ________ in the area that the government had to send the police there to drive them away.

　　A．abnormally

　　B．nonviolently

　　C．unfortunately

　　D．illegally

　　解析：选D　句意：在这一地区有许多人非法采矿，结果政府不得不派警察来驱散他们。illegally“非法地”，符合句意。abnormally“不正常地”；nonviolently“非暴力地”；unfortunately“不幸地”。

　　10．Abundant in experience, Christine teaches the students how to improve their listening comprehension within a(n) ________ short time.

　　A．relatively

　　B．increasingly

　　C．virtually

　　D．slightly

　　解析：选A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：Christine具有丰富的经验，她教学生们如何在相对较短的时间内提高他们的听力理解能力。A项意为“相对地；相当地”；B项意为“越来越多地；渐增地”；C项意为“事实上；几乎；质上”；D项意为“轻微地；稍微”。分析语境并结合选项可知，此处指的是相对较短的时间，因此relatively与题意相符。故答案选A。

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．I will never forget the time when_we_stayed in the country.(stay)

　　我永远忘不了我们住在农村的那段日子。

　　2．Hearing the news that_her_son_had_been_sentenced twenty years in prison, the old woman felt desperate.(sentence)

　　听到她儿子被判二十年监禁，老太太陷入了绝望。

　　3．It was twenty years before_he_finally_came_to_power in the country and the people of his country respected him very much.(come)

　　二十年后他才开始在他的国家执政，该国人民对他无比尊重。

　　4．With his_work_finished,_he sat at this desk, smoking a cigarette.(finish)

　　完成工作后，他坐在桌边，燃起了一支香烟。

　　5．The_first_time_I_saw_him,_I thought he was a Chinese.(time)

　　我第一次见到他时，我认为他是中国人。

　　6．I'll find out the point where_you_failed.(fail)

　　我会找出你失败的地方的。

　　7．New Zealand is mainly made up of two islands, the_larger_of_which is the South Island.(large)

　　新西兰主要由两座岛组成，其中较大的一个是南岛。Only after they had performed hundreds of experiments did_they_succeed_in_solving/settling the problem.(succeed)

　　他们做了数百次实验之后才成功地解决这个问题。

　　9．He is said to_be_designing a new computer programmed now, but I don't know when he will finish it.(design)

　　据说他正在设计一种电脑程序，但我不知道他什么时候可以完成。

　　10．It is high time we_should_attach_importance_to environment problems.(attach)

　　我们真的应该重视环境问题了。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　The American newspaper publisher Arthur Sulzberger Sr died at the age of 86. Mr. Sulzberger led The New York Times for more than three decades, before passing the business to his son. He took over the paper in 1963 when it was in financial trouble, and transformed it into the heart of a multi­billion dollar media empire.

　　His family announced he had died at his home in Southampton, New York State, after a long illness. His son, Arthur Sulzberger Jr, said in a statement that his father, whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of Punch, was “one of our industry's most admired executives”. “Punch, the old Marine captain who never backed down from a fight, was an absolutely fierce defender of the freedom of the press，” he said.

　　The New York Times was bought by Mr. Sulzberger Sr's grandfather Adolph Ochs in 1896. During Mr. Sulzberger's tenure, The New York Times won 31 Pulitzer prizes.

　　Born in New York City, 5 February 1926, Sr served in Marine Corps during World War Ⅱ and Korean War, joined The New York Times in 1951 after graduating from Columbia College, took over as publisher in 1963 after his brother­in­law died suddenly, stepped down in 1997 and passed stewardship to his son, Arthur Sulzberger Jr.

　　He oversaw a huge circulation boost at the paper, and increased its parent company's annual revenues (年收入) from $100m in 1963 to $1.7bn by the time he stepped down in 1997. He also led the paper through high­level clashes with the political establishment. In 1971, The New York Times published a series of stories saying that politicians had systematically lied over the US involvement in Vietnam. The source was thousands of leaked government documents known as the Pentagon Papers. The Nixon administration demanded that the paper stop publishing the stories on grounds of national security. But the paper refused, and then won the subsequent court case by arguing that the First Amendment of the US Constitution (宪法) guaranteed free speech. The case is seen as a landmark in the history of free speech in the US. Mr. Sulzberger said he read more than 7,000 pages of the Pentagon Papers before personally deciding to publish them.

　　His family still holds a controlling stake (控股权) in The New York Times. He was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers. He once joked: “My conclusion is simple Nepotism_works.”

　　1．When did Arthur Sulzberger Sr die?

　　A．In 1997.　B．In 2017.

　　C．In 1963.

　　D．In 1971.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“Arthur Sulzberger Sr died at the age of 86 ...”和第四段第一句中的“Born in New York City, 5 February 1926 ...”可知，他出生于1926年，去世时86岁，由此可知他在2017年去世。

　　2．Punch, the old Marine captain was actually ________.

　　A．Arthur Sulzberger Jr

　　B．Adolph Ochs

　　C．Arthur Sulzberger Sr's father

　　D．Arthur Sulzberger Sr

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His son, Arthur Sulzberger Jr, said in a statement that his father, whom he referred to by his childhood nickname of Punch, was ‘one of our industry's most admired executives’．”可知，Punch, the old Marine captain指Arthur Sulzberger Sr。

　　3．In the political case in the 1970s, Mr. Sulzberger ________.

　　A．failed the case in the end

　　B．lost the controlling stake in The New York Times

　　C．gave in to the government

　　D．succeeded in guarding free speech of the paper

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“...national security. But the paper refused, and then won the subsequent court case ...”可知，D项符合题意。

　　4．What does the underlined word “Nepotism” in the last paragraph probably refer to?

　　A．Friendship.

　　B．Politics.

　　C．Family ownership. D．Freedom of speech.

　　解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“He was a strong believer in family ownership of newspapers.”可推测，画线词指的应是family ownership。

　　B

　　There are many older people in the world and there will be many more. A little­known fact is that over 60 percent of the older people live in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization, by 2020 there will be 1 billion, with over 700 million living in developing countries.

　　It is a surprising fact that the population ageing is particularly rapid in developing countries. For example, it took France 115 years for the proportion of older people to double from 7 percent to 14 percent. It is estimated to take China a mere 27 years to achieve this same increase.

　　What are the implications of these increased numbers of older folk? One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability. Attention is being paid to the need to keep people as healthy as possible, including during old age, to lessen the financial burden on the state.

　　Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. In some African countries, certainly in Asia, older people are respected and regarded as the ones with special knowledge. Yet traditions are fading away daily, which does not ensure the continued high regard of older people. As society changes, attitudes will change.

　　Much needs to be done to get rid of age discrimination (歧视) in employment. Life­long learning programs need to be provided to enable older people to be active members in a country's development.

　　Social security policies need to be established to provide adequate income protection for older people. Both public and private schemes are vital in order to build a suitable safety net.

　　To achieve equality in such matters will take considerable time and effort. One thing is sure: there is no time to be lost.

　　5．The proportion of older people ________.

　　A．is bigger in developed countries than in developing countries

　　B．is one­seventh of the population in developing countries

　　C．will increase much faster in China than in France

　　D．will be sixty percent in developing countries by 2020

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知，在法国，115年里老年人口的比例从7%增长到了14%，而在中国仅仅用了27年的时间就达到了这个增长幅度。因此可推知，将来中国老龄人口比例的增长速度要比法国快得多。故答案选C。

　　6．According to the passage, which of the following are governments most worried about?

　　A．The diseases and disability of older people.

　　B．The longer life and good health of people.

　　C．The loss of taxes on older people.

　　D．The increasing respect for older people.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability.”可知，政府担心，人们活的寿命越长，人们的健康压力会越大。答案选A。

　　7．It is stated directly in the passage that older people should ________.

　　A．be treated differently in different cultures

　　B．enjoy a similar lifestyle

　　C．be ignored as society changes

　　D．be valued by the younger generations

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations ... society.”可知，年轻人应该理解和尊重老年人，D项为文章中直接陈述的观点。故答案选D。

　　8．Which of the following measures is NOT mentioned to solve the population ageing problem?

　　A．Getting rid of age discrimination in employment.

　　B．Ensuring adequate income protection for older people.

　　C．Providing free health care for sick older people.

　　D．Supplying life­long learning programs to older people.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，A项表述正确；根据倒数第二段第一句可知，B项表述正确；根据倒数第三段第二句可知，D项表述正确。故答案选C。Ⅲ.短文填词

　　A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of sweet water. He (1) f________ his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder who had been his teacher. After a four­day journey, the young man (2) ________ (献给) the old man with the water. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled warmly, and (3) t________ his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home (4) ________a happy heart.

　　After the student left, the teacher let (5)a________ student taste the water. He spit it out, (6) ________ (说) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. (7) ________ did you pretend to like it？”

　　The teacher replied, “You tasted the water, but I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of (8) ________ (仁慈) and love. Nothing could be sweeter.”

　　We understand this lesson best that we receive gifts of love from children.(9) ________ it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift (10) r________than the thing.

　　完形填空解题技法(三)　复现词汇解题法

　　在完形填空选项的设置上命题人往往会通过原词、同根词、同义词、反义词复现已经出现过的词汇或创设一种必须用特定词汇的语境来考查学生对词汇在具体语境中的使用。在做题时要注意上下文出现的词汇与选项中的词汇是否一样；从上下文分析是否有创设该词使用的语境；一般规律为上文出现的词从下文找，反之亦然。

　　1．)With __53__ (relief), she saw the old man rowing an ancient­looking

　　towards her.“I hope you've learned a lesson. You put us both in __54__ (danger)，” he shouted angrily, as he dragged her over the side of the __55__. Gratefully, Diane thanked him and ran towards the beach­house.

　　2．)So her mom signed her up for

　　when she was three. She loved the __41__ right away and

　　became her favorite.

　　3．)While traveling was inspiring and meeting people was __24__ (exciting), nothing about my

　　in France was what I __25__ (expected)

　　In just a few hours, we knew we'd be good friends for the rest of the __33__.

　　4．)I love how people __37__(can) seem so ， but end up being so __38__.

　　5．)At the age when she gained some __40__ (basic) skill and sensibility (识别力), she __41__ (begged) her mother for a

　　__42__ (outside) the garden. Her mother finally allowed her to go, __43__ (insisting on) her keeping close to the house and not__44__ too far.

　　6．)We __26__ (ordered)

　　at the counter. When our __27__ came, I started walking towards an empty table.

　　7．)That was why she was alone on the __39__，wearing an expensive swimsuit. It had taken a massive tantrum to __40__ (get) her parents to buy it. They were back at the ， __41__ (recovering) from the tantrum she had thrown when they told her that it was too dangerous to go diving __42__(alone)．

　　8．)We soon

　　__42__ (pull up) by the

　　and I tell her what it was like here, the memories

　　__43__ (rushing) back, swift as the tide (潮水)．

　　Suddenly, I long to walk again in the

　　__44__ where I was once so gloriously a child.

　　9．)Dad is also a living example of real__30__. From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to__31__ (support) our family.

　　...

　　His

　　and selfless nature has inspired me to become more sympathetic and __34__ (considerate), putting others first. ,

　　【点拨领悟】

　　1－55.A.houseB．wave

　　C．beach

　　D．boat

　　解析：原词复现。前面“she saw the old man rowing an ancient­looking boat towards her.(她看见一位老人正划着一艘外型古老的船朝她驶来)”中含有与55题选项中相同的单词boat。选D。

　　2－41.A.task

　　B．sport

　　C．event

　　D．show

　　解析：同义词复现。选项中的“sport”指在原文中两次出现的“gymnastics (体操)”。选B。

　　3－33.A.term

　　B．week

　　C．month

　　D．vacation

　　解析：原词复现。句意：几个小时后，我们就知道在这个学期剩下的时间里，我们将要成为好朋友。第一段最后一句提到term；与33题的A项为原词重复。选A。

　　4－38.A.generous

　　B．independent

　　C．similar

　　D．distant

　　解析：反义词复现。该句中的连词“but”表明此处应该是different的反义词，所以用similar。选C。

　　5－44.A.traveling

　　B．running

　　C．riding

　　D．walking

　　解析：原词复现。C项与42空前面的“bike ride”为原词重复。女孩具备了一定的基本能力之后，恳求妈妈让她在花园外面骑自行车。妈妈最终允许，但坚持要求她不要骑车走得太远。

　　6－27.A.food

　　B．turn

　　C．bill

　　D．menu

　　解析：同义词复现。hamburgers and Coca Cola与27题选项中的food为同义词语。选A。

　　7－39.A.beach

　　B．bed

　　C．floor

　　D．ship

　　解析：原词复现。后面的“They were back at the beach­house”中的“beach”与39空中的A项为原词重复，选A。

　　8－44.A.yard

　　B．village

　　C．room

　　D．house

　　解析：原词复现。上句话“We soon __42__ (pull up) by the house and I tell her what it was like here”中的“house”与该题中D项重复。我们在一所房子旁停下来，作者突然产生了一种想再次进入房子的冲动。选D。

　　9－30.A.love

　　B．pride

　　C．friendship

　　D．honesty

　　解析：词语复现。根据下文“His loving and selfless nature ...”得出答案。选A。