2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练 (17)

　　阅读理解(二)B

　　Some people will do just about anything to save money.And I am one of them.Take my family's last vacation.It was my six－year－old son's winter break from school，and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip.The flight was overbooked，and Delta，the airline，offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.I had meetings in New York，so I had to get back.But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay.I took my nine－month－old and took off for home.

　　The next day，my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight.Yes，I encouraged—okay，ordered—them to wait it out at the airport to “earn” more Delta Dollars.Our total take：$1,600.Not bad，huh?

　　Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either.But as a big－time bargain hunter，I know the value of a dollar.And these days，a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.

　　I've made a living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露) the worst tricks.I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade：A Consumer Survival Guide.And I really do what I believe in.

　　I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money's worth.I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes，clothes for my children，and expensive restaurants.But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut.It keeps its shape longer，and it's the first thing people notice.And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture.Quality lasts.

　　5．Why did Delta give the author's family credits?

　　A．They took a later flight.

　　B．They had early bookings.

　　C．Their flight had been delayed.

　　D．Their flight had been cancelled.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“...give up our seats and leave the next day.”可知答案。

　　答案　A6．What can we learn about the author?

　　A．She rarely misses a good deal.

　　B．She seldom makes a compromise.

　　C．She is very strict with her children.

　　D．She is interested in cheap products.

　　解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“But as a big­time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.”可知作者自称是一个一流的杀价者，并且说一笔好的交易是很少有人能够拒绝的，因此作者不会错过一笔好买卖的，答案为A项。

　　答案　A

　　7．What does the author do?

　　A．She's a teacher.

　　B．She's a housewife.

　　C．She's a media person.

　　D．She's a businesswoman.

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade.”可知作者是一位媒体工作者。

　　答案　C

　　8．What does the author want to tell us?

　　A．How to expose bad tricks.

　　B．How to reserve airline seats.

　　C．How to spend money wisely.

　　D．How to make a business deal.

　　解析　写作意图题。文章最后一段讲述了如何明智地花钱，即如何让钱花得更值得，故答案为C项。

　　答案　C

　　-----A

　　After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report. The damage and death toll (伤亡) could have been much worse.

　　More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, an earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims.

　　Injures and deaths were relatively less in Los Angles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more resistant (有抵抗力的) to quakes.

　　Despite the good news, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints (蓝图的) for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.

　　In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible (柔韧的) materials, such as steel and wood, which bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact (影响) of ground vibrations (颤动). The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the buildings tip forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.

　　The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.

　　1. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that ______.

　　　A. new computers had been installed in the buildings

　　　B. occurred in the residential areas (居民区) rather than on the highways

　　　C. large numbers of Los Angeles residents had rushed into Los Angeles for holiday

　　　D. improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推理题。第三段提到了洛杉矶地震中死亡人数相对较少有两个原因，一个是 “because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways.” 地震在假期发生，因此城市交通清闲；另外一个是 “changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways…” 建筑物和公路的构造发生了改变，故答案为D。干扰项最强的C选项不是直接的原因，不可选。

　　2. The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to _______ .

　　　A. counterbalance an earthquake’s action on the building

　　　B. predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy

　　　C. help strengthen the foundation of the building

　　　D. measure the impact of an earthquake’s vibrations

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由倒数第二段最后一句话 “When the ground shakes and the buildings tip forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.” 可知，当地面震动，建筑物倾斜，电脑会迫使建筑物向相反的方向移动，也就是说电脑的功能是平衡地震对建筑物的作用力，故答案为A。

　　3. The smart buildings discussed in the passage ________.

　　　A. would cause serious financial problems

　　　B. would be worthwhile though costly

　　　C. would increase the complexity of architectural design

　　　D. can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。由最后一段可知，新的灵敏的结构建造起来非常昂贵，然而，它们会拯救许多生命，被地震毁坏的可能性也较小，可以推断，新的建筑物虽然昂贵，但是非常值得，故答案为B。

　　4. It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing (最小化) the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on _______ .

　　　A. the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction

　　　B. the development of flexible building materials

　　　C. the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations

　　　D. early forecasts of earthquakes

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段 “In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, which bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations.”可知，在过去，使建筑物具有地震抗性是使用柔韧的材料，例如钢铁和木头，后来人们在建筑物和房基之间插入橡胶和钢铁，做这些的目的都是为了减小地面颤动的影响，因此要最小化地震带来的损害就是要减小地面颤动的影响，故答案为C。A、B都是减小地面颤动的方式，D选项 “早早预测地震”在文中未提，均不选。

　　较难题目特训：科普知识类

　　Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.

　　Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person’s thoughts.

　　In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.

　　“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”

　　The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.

　　Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories:　communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”

　　He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.

　　1. BCI is a technology that can　.　

　　A. help to update computer systems

　　B. link the human brain with computers

　　C. help the disabled to recover

　　D. control a person’s thoughts

　　2. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?

　　A. By controlling his muscles.

　　B. By talking to the machine.

　　C. By moving his hand.

　　D. By using his mind.

　　3. Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?

　　A. scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair

　　B. computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair

　　C. scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair

　　D. cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

　　4. The team will test with real patients to　.　

　　A. make profits from them

　　B. prove the technology useful to them

　　C. make them live longer

　　D. learn about their physical condition

　　5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

　　A. Switzerland, the BCI Research Center

　　B. New Findings About How the Human Brain Works

　　C. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled

　　D. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries

　　【参考答案】32.1-5 BDCBC

　　高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-----B

　　A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you combine the two to do something for your local environment? As early as next year it may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to bury it in a garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.

　　A biodegradable(生物所能分解的)mobile phone was, this month, introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage consumers to recycle.

　　Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other plastic and can be hard or soft, and is able to change shape. Over time it can also break down into the soil without giving out any poisonous chemicals. British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it forms fertilizers. These feed the seed and help the flower grow.

　　Engineers have designed a small transparent(透明的)window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away. “We’ve only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant experts to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time,” said one scientist.

　　As phone technology is developing so quickly, people are constantly throwing their mobiles away. This means manufacturers are under pressure to find ways of recycling them. Some 650 million mobile phones have been sold this year. Most of them will be thrown away within two years, adding plastic, heavy metal and chemical waste to the environment. A biodegradable cover can offer some relief(缓解)for nature , according to the scientists.

　　“The seed comes out and the flower grows in the pot so you don’t have to concern yourself with the phone when you have finished using it,” said Kerry Kirwan. She leads the research team, which is based at the University of Warwick in Britain.

　　1. What is the purpose of this passage?

　　A. To tell the popularity of biodegradable cell phones.

　　B. To persuade the reader to buy the biodegradable cell phone.

　　C. To discuss the development of phone technology.

　　D. To introduce an environmental-friendly cell phone to readers.

　　答案解析：答案D。本题考查文章的写作目的。第一段引入新型手机，吸引读者；第二、三段详细介绍了该新型手机的特性，它可以分解，不污染环境；第四段介绍了该新型手机的研究过程；第五段解释为什么要开发这种手机；最后一段指出这种手机正处于开发当中。因此本文的目的是介绍一种环保手机，故答案为D。

　　2. People throw away their cell phones most probably because

　　.

　　A. there is something wrong with them

　　B. no sunflowers can grow out of them

　　C. they are out of fashion

　　D. they are becoming cheaper and cheaper

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。由倒数第二段首句 “As phone technology is developing so quickly, people are constantly throwing their mobiles away.”可知，由于手机技术发展迅速，人们不断地扔掉原来的手机。可以推断，手机技术发展迅速使得手机更新换代非常快，因此人们原来的手机就过时了，则将其扔掉，故答案为C。

　　3. It could be learned from the passage that

　　.

　　A. developing the new type of phone is mainly to protect the environment

　　B. phone-makers will benefit much more from the new type of phone

　　C. the new type of phone will certainly be popular with users all over the world

　　D. the phones that can be recycled are available only in Britain now

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。第二段介绍了一种生物所能分解的手机， 第三段提到 “Over time it can also break down into the soil without giving out any poisonous chemicals.” 该手机可以在土壤里分解而不释放出有毒的化学物，倒数第二段最后一句话再次提到 “A biodegradable cover can offer some relief for nature , according to the scientists.” 该新型手机可以缓解自然污染，因此可以推断，开发新型手机主要是为了保护环境。故答案为A。

　　4. What might be the most suitable title for this passage?

　　A. Sunflower and Phone.

　　B. Plant Your Phone.

　　C. Protect Our Environment.

　　D. No Worry about Phone.

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题考查文章的标题。由第一段最后一句话 “When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to bury it in a garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.”可知，新的手机特点是不需要后可以埋在花园里或者花盆里，能够开花，因此B选项作为标题既能概括该手机的特点也可以吸引读。