2017届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解训练 (1)

　　阅读理解专题训练()如何推断文章出处◆ 技巧点拨

　　推断文章出处题型的设题方式：

　　1．The passage is most likely to be taken from ________.

　　2．Where would this passage most probably appear?

　　3．The passage is most likely to be part of ________.

　　如何解题？一般可从文章的内容和结构来判断文章的出处。

　　1．报纸：前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称。

　　2．科学杂志：一般涉及科学发现、科学研究等方面的最新成就。

　　3．广告：广告有特殊的用词和格式。

　　4．产品说明：包含产品名称、特点、操作方法、生产日期、使用期限；如果是药品介绍，还会有服用剂量、时间和次数等内容。

　　◆ 活学活用

　　阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务

　　U．S.airlines are seeing a major interruption because of hundreds of flights canceled due to the ash cloud from the Icelandic volcano，but European flight companies will face the biggest losses.

　　The airline business has been tough：The decline dramatically slowed traffic；February heavy snow forced U．S.airlines to cancel thousands of flights；and now the ashes from the volcano stopped all traffic in and out of northern Europe for days.

　　“For U．S.flight companies，it'll be a relatively short­term hit，” said Michael Boyd，president of Boyd Group International，an aviation (航空学) consulting firm.“We think right now they're down about $ 80 million in terms of lost income，and they're down domestically about 80,000 passengers that would have been flying domestically but aren't because they can't get here.”

　　Delta announced that volcano­related interruption grounded about 400 flights until Monday at a cost of $ 20 million in lost revenues(收入)．But by comparison，the airline canceled 7,000 flights and lost $ 65 million in revenue due to the recent snowstorms.

　　The disruption has created uncertainty for customers，but analysts say U．S.airlines won't face as many costs as you might think.They are not flying in extra planes to handle the passengers in trouble because companies simply don't have them.“Airlines run a very lean operation now，” Mann said.“So，since there are no spare aircraft or crews，the airlines will attempt to maximize loads on every one of their aircraft that do fly.But it may take days，or in some cases a week or so，to get some of these customers to where they want to go.”

　　Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意

　　______________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最佳答案

　　1．Which negative consequences mentioned in the passage did the disasters cause?

　　A．coldness，pollution and airlines' losses

　　B．airport damage，pollution and slow traffic

　　C．passenger delay，coldness and airport damage

　　D．passenger delay，airlines' losses and slow traffic

　　2．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A．The fewest airplanes will fly the trapped passengers to their destinations.

　　B．All the customers are sure to be sent to their destinations in time.

　　C．The U．S.and U．K.airlines suffered the same losses in the natural disasters.

　　D．The volcano eruption reduced the traffic to and from northern Europe.

　　3．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

　　A．the troubles that the airlines will face after the ash cloud disappears.

　　B．the measures that the airlines will take to maximize their profit.

　　C．the present situation of the airlines and their plan to deliver the passengers.

　　D．the reasons why the airlines run a fine operation.

　　4．Why will it take a long time for airlines to send the passengers to their different destinations?

　　A．Because the passengers enjoy staying in airports to talk with one another.

　　B．Because the airlines don't have spare planes or employees to serve.

　　C．Because the airlines don't have enough financial support after the disaster.

　　D．Because the passengers are asking for full refund from the airlines.

　　5．The passage is most probably from________.

　　A．a novel　B．a news report

　　C．a magazine

　　D．a thesis Ⅰ

　　The text tells us about the serious effect of the ash cloud from the Icelandic volcano on airline business and how flight companies will handle the problems caused by the disaster.(31words)

　　Ⅱ

　　1．解析：文中没有提到污染、机场损毁等问题， 只讲了航班延误、乘客滞留、运营缓慢、航空公司受损，所以D为正确答案。

　　答案：D

　　2.解析：从最后一段的They are not flying in extra planes to handle the passengers in trouble和 the airlines will attempt to maximize loads on every one of their aircraft that do fly, 可知A为正确答案。

　　答案：A

　　3.解析：最后一段告诉我们每个飞行的航班会最大限度的搭载乘客，所以选C。

　　答案：C

　　4.解析：从They are not flying in extra planes to handle the passengers in trouble because companies simply don't have them可以推知答案。

　　答案：B

　　5.解析：全文讲述冰岛火山灰对航空业的影响， 应该选自资讯报道。

　　答案：B

　　-----A

　　There is a saying in France that states, "The government could fall, the Louvre （卢浮宫）could be broken into or creatures from other planets could land on earth, but if any of these things happened during the Tour de France, no one would notice." The Tour de France is the most famous cycling race in the world．It begins in July and runs for three weeks．Cyclists who race in the Tour de France ride in six legs or stages of the race, and they have between one to four days of rest between each leg of the race．The rider who completes all six legs of the race in the shortest overall time wins．

　　The Tour de France began as a publicity stunt for the French sports newspaper, L’Auto．Hcnri Desgranges, who worked for L’Auto, came up with the idea for "the greatest bike race in the world, "and on July 1,1903, the first Tour de France began．Sixty cyclists began that first leg of the race which started in front of the Alarm Clock Cafe just outside of Paris．This first leg look them 467 kilometers to Lyon．The first Tour de France received an astonishing 2,000 francs．Maurice Garin, the most popular cyclist in France at that time, won the first Tour de France．It took him 94 hours and 33 minutes to ride all 2,428 kilometers of the race．This time was three hours faster than the second -place rider．Over the weeds during which the race was run, the idea of the Tour de France slowly caught the imagination of the people of France．The race has been run every year since that time, except during the years of World War I and World War Ⅱ．

　　The Tour de France has developed several special honors for which racers compete．Above all, the highest honor is the "yellow jersey"．Mr．Desgranges introduced the yellow jersey in 1919 to show the leading racer each rider's total time in order to find the racer with the lowest time．That racer wears the yellow jersey during the day's race．Other honors include the "green jersey " which is given to the rider who sprints the best by riding the fastest over short distances, and the "polka dot jersey" for the best rider in the mountains along the route．

　　1. Who wins the Tour de France?

　　A. The first cyclist to finish the race．

　　B. The cyclist with the most points．

　　C. The cyclist with the polka dot jersey．

　　D. The cyclist with the shortest overall time．

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “The rider who completes all six legs of the race in the shortest overall time wins．” 可知，答案为D。

　　2. Henri Desgranges was_______.

　　A. a photographer

　　B. a famous cyclist

　　C. the man who first won the Tour de France

　　D. the man who first thought of the Tour de France

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第二段第二句话 “Hcnri Desgranges, who worked for L’Auto, came up with the idea for ‘the greatest bike race in the world’, and on July 1,1903, the first Tour de France began．” 可知，D选项正确。

　　3. How many stages make up the Tour de France?

　　A．One．     

　　B．Four．    

　　C．Six．      

　　D．Ten

　　答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “The rider who completes all six legs of the race in the shortest overall time wins．” 可知，C选项正确。

　　4. The yellow jersey is worn by____.

　　A. the fastest daily cyclist   

　　B. the fastest overall cyclist

　　C. the youngest cyclist

　　D. the champion from the previous year

　　答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由最后一段 “Mr．Desgranges introduced the yellow jersey in 1919 to show the leading racer each rider's total time in order to find the racer with the lowest time．That racer wears the yellow jersey during the day's race．” 可知，yellow jersey用来表示比赛者用的时间最少，比赛者在比赛当天佩戴此物，故答案为A。

　　高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-----B

　　A rise in the number of suicides（自杀）in South Korea has led policeman Yoo Byong-jong to a new job. He patrols（巡逻）Seoul’s bridges to prevent desperate people throwing themselves into the river.

　　According to South Korea’s health ministry, suicide rates have doubled in a decade and are now the leading cause of death for people in their 20s and 30s.

　　The country has the fourthhighest suicide rate among the 30 industrialized countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It recorded 22.8 suicide deaths for every 100, 000 people in 2003. That's lower than Hungary，Finland and close neighbor Japan . But the number is growing by about 1 percent each year，faster than for all other OECD nations.

　　In a move to cut suicides by a fifth by 2010，the health ministry is running a television ad campaign. It opens with a lonely man walking on a bridge. A voiceover says，“Think five minutes more before you give it all away...Don't forget you have a loving family.” Other ministry plans include setting up more hotlines and training more suicide counselors. Authorities are also limiting websites that provide suicide methods and sometimes even sell toxic(有毒的)chemicals. Distressed individuals range from students worried about poor grades to people in debt as well as disgraced politicians.

　　Exports say the rising number in some way can be blamed on media coverage of recent highprofile suicides. These include top business leaders and celebrities(名人)who apparently lead a number of people to copy their actions.

　　“We saved 50 lives this year when people turned to bridges as a place to die after news reports of such deaths by ‘big shots’，” said the 38yearold Yoo，in December.

　　Last July，the government and civil associations urged media to avoid reporting specific methods and locations of suicides. But it is difficult to clearly give reasons for the suicide increase.

　　1. The passage is mainly about ______.

　　A. desperation problems in Korea 

　　B. suicide problems in Korea

　　C. how to reduce suicides in Korea

　　D. the relations between life and suicide

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。全文报道了韩国的自杀率问题非常严峻， 当局为抑制自杀采取了一系列的措施，第一段点出话题，最后一段呼应了话题，故答案为B。

　　2. Suicide rates in South Korea ___________.

　　A. arouse international concerns

　　B. are going from bad to worse

　　C. didn’t draw special attention of the government

　　D. have done great harm to the economical development

　　答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第三段最后一句话 “But the number is growing by about 1 percent each year，faster than for all other OECD nations.” 可知，自杀率每年在增长，也就是在变得更糟糕，故答案为B。

　　3. Lowering the number of reported suicides by celebrities in the media in Korea ______.

　　A. will be limited

　　B. damage the fame of media

　　C. didn't affect people's daily life.

　　D. might cause fewer people to commit suicide

　　答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。由第五段 “Exports say the rising number in some way can be blamed on media coverage of recent highprofile suicides. These include top business leaders and celebrities who apparently lead a number of people to copy their actions.”可知，专家认为自杀人数在上升在某些程度上是归咎于媒体报道的高数据的自杀率，其中包括商业领导要人和名人的自杀引起了人们去效仿他们的行为，可以推断，降低媒体报道的名人自杀人数或许能使较少的人自杀，故答案为D。

　　4. From the passage, we can infer that_______.

　　    A. authorities manage websites efficiently

　　    B. present hotlines are not enough for suicide counselors

　　    C. cutting suicides by a fifth by 2010 is easy to carry out

　　D. people choose suicide as the way to end their lives for a lack of love

　　 答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由第四段倒数第二句话 “Authorities are also limiting websites that provide suicide methods and sometimes even sell toxic chemicals.”可知，当局限制提供自杀方法甚至卖有毒的化学药物的网站，可以推断，当局有效地对网站进行了管理。故答案为A。

　　由第四段 “Other ministry plans include setting up more hotlines and training more suicide counselors.” 可知，由于自杀者众多，因此要建立更多的热线和培训更多的自杀咨询专员来阻止自杀，B选项意思与此不符。从第四段所实施的阻止自杀的措施来看，减少自杀并不容易实施，故C选项错误。由最后一段最后一句话 “But it is difficult to clearly give reasons for the suicide increase.” 可知，D选项错误。

　　较难题目特训：人物故事类

　　Inside the pleasingly fragrant cafe, So All May Eat (SAME) in downtown Denver, the spirit of generosity (慷慨) is instantly noticeable: A donation box stands in place of a cash register. Customers here pay only what they can afford, no questions asked.

　　A risky business plan, perhaps, but SAME Cafe has done one unchangeable thing in the Mile High City for six years: Open only at midday, the restaurant provides poor local people with healthy, delicious lunches six days a week. Those unable to pay for their meals can instead volunteer as waiters and waitresses, and dishwashers, or look after the buildings and equipment for the cafe.

　　“It’s based on trust, and it’s working all right, ” says co- owner Brad Birky, who started the cafe in 2006 with his wife Libby. Previously volunteering at soup kitchens, the Birkys were dissatisfied with the often unhealthy meals they served there.

　　“We wanted to offer quality food in a restaurant where everyone felt comfortable, regardless of their circumstances, ” Birky says. SAME’s special lunch menu changes daily and most food materials are natural and grown by local farmers.

　　The cafe now averages 65 to 70 customers(and eight volunteers) a day. And the spirit of generosity behind the project appears to be spreading. In early 2007, one volunteer who had cleared snow for his meals during the long winter said goodbye to the Birkys. “He said he was going to New Orleans to help with the hurricane cleanup, ” says Birky.

　　1. What can we learn about the soup kitchens the Birkys previously worked for?

　　A. They refused to have volunteers.

　　B. They offered low quality food.　

　　C. They provided customers with a good environment.

　　D. They closed down because of poor management.

　　2. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

　　A. The customers who cannot pay can work as volunteers instead.

　　B. More volunteers will go to New Orleans for the hurricane cleanup.

　　C. Many new cafes will be opened to offer free lunches in the town.

　　D. The lunch menu has remained the same since the cafe was started.

　　3. The author’s attitude towards running such a cafe is_____.　

　　A. unfavorableB. approvingC. doubtfulD. cautious

　　【参考答案】6.BAB