2017届高考英语一轮专题复习阅读理解训练（9）含答案

　　Make A Difference Day is the largest national day of community service in the USA, which takes place on the fourth Saturday of October.

　　Who takes part in Make A Difference Day?

　　Anyone! Young and old, individuals and groups, anyone can carry out a volunteer project that helps others. It might be as ambitious as collecting truckloads of clothing for the homeless, or as personal as spending an afternoon helping an elderly neighbor or relative. USA WEEKEND covers volunteers and their projects in articles and photos.

　　How do I get started?

　　Look around your community. Are people hungry, homeless or ill? Are parks or schools dirty or neglected? No matter where you live, there's a need nearby. And on Make A Difference Day, millions of Americans are expected to roll up their sleeves to help others. You can act alone or enlist your friends, family and coworkers.

　　You can also call the Make A Difference Day Hot Line, 1－800－416－3824, for information. Or use the ideas on this website for inspiration.

　　What do I do after I've selected a project?

　　Tell others what you're doing and enlist help. Several weeks before the day, tell us about your plans in the Make A Difference DAYtaBANK, a national listing of local projects that will be viewed by interested volunteers, other people looking for good project ideas and news media looking for good stories to tell.

　　It will only take a few minutes to post your plans in the DAYtaBANK hosted by HandsOn Network.

　　Do it!

　　Carry out your plans to help others on Make A Difference Day. Be sure to take lots of pictures and share them on the Make A Difference Day Photo Album.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了美国最大的社区活动Make A Difference Day。希望大家积极参与这一活动，帮助他人。

　　1．Where does the text probably come from?

　　A．A magazine.

　　B．A website.

　　C．A newspaper.

　　D．A festival brochure.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据How do I get started部分第二段的最后一句“Or use the ideas on this website for inspiration.”可知，答案B符合文义。

　　2．Make A Difference Day ________.

　　A．is celebrated every year all over the world

　　B．is a service provided by the community

　　C．is a celebration of helpful neighbors

　　D．is a national day of doing good in America

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“Make A Difference Day is the largest national day of community service in the USA”和Who takes part in Make A Difference Day部分第一句中“anyone can carry out a volunteer project that helps others”可知，答案D符合文义。

　　3．It can be inferred from the text that volunteers ________.

　　A．are chosen carefully by USA WEEKEND

　　B．need to dress up on Make A Difference Day

　　C．can get good project ideas from HandsOn Network

　　D．take pictures to send them to news media for money

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据What do I do after I've selected a project部分第二句中“other people looking for good project ideas and news media looking for good stories to tell.”和最后一句“It will only take a few minutes to post your plans in the DAYtaBANK hosted by HandsOn Newwork.”可推知，答案C符合文义。

　　4．The main purpose of the text is to ________.

　　A．introduce the origin of Make A Difference Day

　　B．instruct people how to select a proper project idea

　　C．promote Make A Difference Day to other countries

　　D．encourage individuals to join in Make A Difference Day

　　答案：D　写作意图题。根据对文章的最后一部分Do it和全文的整体理解可知，本文主要的目的是鼓励大家积极参与Make A Difference Day这一活动，故答案D符合文义。

　　阅读理解-------C

　　The television news feature about Ben Heckmann, an eighth grader from Farmington, Minn, was breathless in its praise. “At 14, he has accomplished something many adults can’t achieve,” the reporter said, “Ben is a twice-published author.” But Ben’s two “Velvet Black” books, describing a fictional rock band, were not picked from a pile of manuscripts（手稿）by an eagle eyed publisher. They were self-published, at the cost of $400 by Ben’s parents.

　　Over the past five years, print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspired writers of all ages to avoid the traditional gatekeeping system for determining who could call himself a “published author.”

　　The mothers and fathers who foot the bill say they are simply trying to encourage their children, in the same way that other parents buy equipment for a promising baseball player. But others see self-publishing as a lost opportunity to teach children about hardship and perseverance. Mr. Robbins, a critic, thinks it is wonderful to start writing at a young age, but worries self-publishing sends the wrong message. “There are no prodigies(神童) in literature,” he said. “Literature requires experience, in a way that mathematics and music do not.” Alan Rinzler, a publishing industry veteran, suggested parents hire a professional editor like him to work with their child to tear a manuscript apart and help make a better. Ben’s father, Ken, said Ben’s ambitions “weren’t to knock Harry Potter off the list,” but “to get that good feeling inside that you’ve done something.”

　　Ajla Dizdarevic, 12, who has self-published two books of poetry, has been on television and in local newspapers. “Being a published author,” she said, “was always a dream of mine.” Her new dream: three books by age 15.

　　36. Which of the following is true of Ben?

　　A. He has achieved something unusual for his age.

　　B. His self-published books were well received.

　　C. His manuscripts were favored by the publisher.

　　D. He was thought little of by the public media.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据细节理解题。根据At 14, he has accomplished something many adults can’t achieve, 14岁时,他已经完成了一些许多成年人不能实现,的目标，故选A。

　　37. What makes it possible for writers of all ages to self-publish their works?

　　A. The rapid increase of online readership.

　　B. The increasing number of publishers.

　　C. The immediate access to marketing agencies.

　　D. The development of printing and publishing.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据print-on-demand technology and a growing number of self publishing companies whose books can be sold online have inspired writers of all ages to avoid the traditional gatekeeping system for determining who could call himself a “published author.印刷和出版业的发展，使他们出书有了可能，故选D。

　　38. Why do some parents pay the self-publishing bill?

　　A. They want to offer opportunities to their children.

　　B. They want to give encouragement to their children.

　　C. They want to help their children avoid hardship.

　　D. They want to show love and care for their children.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据The mothers and fathers who foot the bill say they are simply trying to encourage their children,父母为了鼓励孩子，故选B。

　　39. What dose Alan Rinzler suggest that children should do?

　　A. Be forbidden to write books

　　B. Start writing at an early age

　　C. Be professionally guided

　　D. Learn from experience

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据Alan Rinzler, a publishing industry veteran, suggested parents hire a professional editor like him to work with their child to tear a manuscript apart and help make a better.孩子们应受到专业指导，故选C。

　　40. Why do some children self-publish works according to the last part?

　　A. Just to achieve their dreams.

　　B. Just to earn more money.

　　C. Just to gain self-confidence.

　　D. Just to satisfy their parents.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据Ben’s ambitions “weren’t to knock Harry Potter off the list,” but “to get that good feeling inside that you’ve done something 孩子们为了实现自己的梦想。故选A。

　　阅读理解------E

　　(2017·临沂市三模，D)

　　Maps of the world's population show that the majority of people today live near water. We live along coastlines, around bays, up the course of rivers and streams and on islands. We also vacation at the beach and find comfort fishing on a lake. Nothing makes small children happier than the chance of playing in water.

　　More surprisingly, this human favor for water makes evolutionary(进化的)sense. Sure, we need drinking water to live, but we have also benefited from what's swimming under the waves.

　　Neuroscientist Crawford of the University of North London has proposed that our ancient ancestors attached to the sea, and that their devotion paid off by allowing the human species to develop large and complex brains.

　　Crawford claims that when humans separated from apes(类人猿)and appeared in the forests of Africa, they stuck close to rivers and beaches and started catching fish, clams and crabs. That seafood was packed with omega3 fatty acids, essential fatty acids that promote brain cell growth.

　　It's no coincidence, Crawford claims, that human brain growth began to increase rapidly once we left the woods and headed for the beach.

　　Scientists have also discovered that people who eat fish regularly are less likely to suffer from depression than those who eat less seafood. Biochemist Hibbelin of the National Institutes of Health has shown that across cultures there is a direct link between amount of fish eaten each week and rates of depression. More interestingly, Hibbelin and researcher Laura have found that fish is commonly used as a symbol of happiness and good health in various religions and cultures.

　　We know that fish and the sea are good for us, and so we seek them out. We vacation on the coast and see the waves come and go, feeling happiness has taken over our brain. When we move inland, or go home from vacation, we lose touch with our sea roots and feel unhappy.

　　文章大意：这是一篇说明文。喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。

　　16．To explain human's favor for water, the author ________.

　　A．lists some examples

　　B．compares some facts

　　C．analyzes some numbers

　　D．raises some questions

　　答案：A　写作手法题。为了说明人们对水的偏爱，作者在第一段里列举了许多例子。

　　17．Human beings have benefited a lot from seafood because ________.

　　A．seafood has enough water and is fresh

　　B．fishes in the sea have large and complex brains

　　C．our ancestors had nothing to eat but seafood

　　D．it is abundant in fatty acids promoting brain cell growth

　　答案：D　细节理解题。从第四段最后一句“That seafood was packed with omega3 fatty acids, essential fatty acids that promote brain cell growth. ”可知答案。

　　18．According to Crawford, human brain developed fast when we ________.

　　A．went to the coast to spend our holidays

　　B．left the woods and headed for the beach

　　C．separated from apes and appeared in the forests of Africa

　　D．discovered seafood was packed with omega3 fatty acids

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第五段从“Crawford claims, that human brain growth began to increase rapidly once we left the woods and headed for the beach.”可知答案。

　　19．What's the main idea of Paragraph 6?

　　A．Scientists help people overcome depression.

　　B．Fish is a kind of symbol in some religions.

　　C．Eating fish regularly may reduce our depression.

　　D．Happiness is linked with good health.

　　答案：C　主旨大意题。第六段的中心句是第一句“...Scientists have also discovered that people who eat fish regularly are less likely to suffer from depression”，其余句子都是围绕这个中心内容的。

　　20．What can we infer from the passage?

　　A．It's good to our health to swim under the waves.

　　B．Human has the largest and most complex brains.

　　C．Beach is the best destination of vacation.

　　D．It's human nature to seek out bodies of water.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段的内容可以推知，喜欢水并寻找有水的地方是人类的天性。

　　阅读理解-------D

　　An “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. It is not exactly a bribe(贿赂), but is close to it.

　　All sorts of people are apple polishers, including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody. Oliver Cromwell, the great English leader, offered many gifts to win the support of George Fox and his party, but failed.

　　There are other phrases meaning the same thing as “apple-polishing”—“soft-soaping” or “buttering-up”. A gift is just one way to “soft-soap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praise—telling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.

　　Endless are the ways of flattery. Who does not love to hear it? Only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. In truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.

　　We need it to be more sure of ourselves. It cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. But if we just lap it up for its food value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.

　　Sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. A good example is the famous 12th century legend of King Canute of Denmark and England. The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). They overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.

　　He decided to teach them a lesson. He took them to the seashore and sat down. Then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. The tide was too busy to listen to him. The king was satisfied. This might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery.

　　41. Which of the following activities has nothing to do with “apple-polishing”?

　　A. A boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.

　　B. An employee tells her boss how good he is at management.

　　C. A knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.

　　D. A teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据Another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praise—telling him how good he looks夸奖别人的长相是多么地好，是其中的阿谀奉承之一，符合原文；故选D。

　　42. What does the writer want to prove with Cromwell’s example?

　　A. Everybody can be an apple-polisher.

　　B. Cromwell was not a good apple-polisher.

　　C. George Fox and his party were not apple-polishers.

　　D. There are people who don’t like being apple-polished.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】推理判断题。根据All sorts of people are apple polishers, including politicians and people in high offices—just about everybody.所有的人都有可能是拍马屁的人，紧接着短文就以Cromwell为例来论证这个观点，故选A。

　　43. Which of the following statements about flattery is true according to the author?

　　A. Too much flattery can carry us away.

　　B. Flattery is too empty to do people any good.

　　C. Flattery can get you nothing but excessive(过度的) pride.

　　D. Flattery is one of the ways to apple-polish people.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据There are other phrases meaning the same thing as apple-polishing”—“soft-soaping” or “buttering-up”. A gift is just one way to “soft-soap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. Another that is just as effective is flattery, 奉承是一个讨好人的方法之一，故选D。

　　44. Why did King Canute of Denmark and England take his followers to the seashore?

　　A. Because he was sick of his normal life.

　　B. Because he disliked being overpraised any more.

　　C. Because he wanted them to realize how wise he was.

　　D. Because he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】细节理解题。根据The king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣).因为国王不喜欢被他的朝臣过度地奉承，故选B。

　　45. Who does the author think that flattery can do good to ?

　　A. Those who are politicians or in high offices.

　　B. Those who lack confidence.

　　C. Those who are really excellent.

　　D. Those who think highly of themselves.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】推理判断题。根据We need it to be more sure of ourselves.可以推知奉承对于缺乏自信心的人是有好处的，故选B。