（四川专用）2016届高考英语二轮复习考前增分特训活页练：8

　　活页练(八)单项填空＋阅读理解＋短文填词Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.(2017·山东，25)

　　A．how

　　B．whether

　　C．what

　　D．why

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：在这家商店里，无论你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付都无关紧要。由It doesn’t matter“没关系”可知后面的意思应该是“无论(不管)……还是……”，又根据题干中的关键词or就很容易确定选B项，构成固定搭配whether...or...。how如何；what什么；why为什么，均不符合题意。

　　2．The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.(2017·江苏，27)

　　A．when

　　B．that

　　C．whether

　　D．how

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点发布。空格后的句子解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，所以用that。

　　3．The limits of a person’s intelligence，generally speaking，are fixed at birth，but________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(2017·安徽，27)

　　A．where

　　B．whether

　　C．that

　　D．why

　　答案　B

　　解析　句意为：一个人的智力极限，通常来说，出生时就已经定型了。但他是否能够达到这些极限则取决于他所处的环境。根据depend on可知，主语从句含有不确定因素，可排除C项。where表示地点；why表示原因，用于此处不合适；而使用whether表示“是否”，与题意吻合。

　　4．I made a promise to myself________this year，my first year in high school, would be different.(2017·浙江，4)

　　A．whether

　　B．what

　　C．that

　　D．how

　　答案　C

　　解析　that引导同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，补充说明promise的内容。

　　5．It doesn’t matter________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.(2017·天津，9)

　　A．whether

　　B．how

　　C．if

　　D．when

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：在这个十字路口你向左或向右转弯都没有关系，因为两条路都通向公园。题干中it作形式主语，所以所选的连词在句中引导主语从句。whether引导名词性从句表示“是否”之意，而且题干中出现了关键信息词or。whether...or...表示“是……还是……”。if引导名词性从句也表示“是否”，但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等只能用whether而不能用if。

　　6．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.

　　(2017·陕西，20)

　　A．whatever

　　B．whichever

　　C．whenever

　　D．wherever

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句作动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“无论哪件”，故选B。其余选项与句意不符。

　　7．Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently.(2017·北京，24)

　　A．why

　　B．how

　　C．that

　　D．whether

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：杰里不后悔给出评论，但是他觉得他本来可以用另一种不同的方式来表达。felt后面应该是一个宾语从句，分析宾语从句可知，这是一个完整的句子，不缺句子成分，故用that引导。

　　8．It suddenly occurred to him________he had left his keys in the office.(2017·江西，25)

　　A．whether

　　B．where

　　C．which

　　D．that

　　答案　D

　　解析　It occurs/occurred to sb. that...某人想到/想起。it是形式主语，主语从句成分完整，不能用连接代词which引导，whether与where不符合句意。故选D项。

　　9．Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers.(2017·四川，17)

　　A．when

　　B．how

　　C．that

　　D．whether

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作的以制造电脑。分析句子结构可知study后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故选B项。

　　10．I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer，which is ________ he never finishes anything.(2011·山东，26)

　　A．that

　　B．when

　　C．where

　　D．why

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来不会完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个句子he’s more of a talker than a doer；在定语从句中，is后面为表语从句，由句意可知which指代的内容是表语从句内容的原因，故用why引导表语从句。

　　11．________ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.

　　A．What

　　B．That

　　C．How

　　D．Where

　　答案　A

　　解析　主语从句中缺少主语，而能在主语从句中既充当主语又起引导作用的只有what。

　　12．I just wonder ________ that makes him so excited.

　　A．why it does

　　B．what he does

　　C．how it is

　　D．what it is

　　答案　D

　　解析　wonder后面的宾语从句本是“what makes him so excited”，但what需要被强调，故用强调句型。

　　13．Water，which seems so simple and common，is ________ makes life possible.

　　A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．how

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查名词性从句的连接词。句意为：看似简单平常的水是使生命出现成为可能的东西。what引导表语从句并在句中作主语。

　　14．I’d like to work with ________ is honest and easy to get on with.

　　A．who

　　B．whoever

　　C．whomever

　　D．no matter who

　　答案　B

　　解析　所填词在宾语从句中作主语。who表达的意思不对，也不符合句子结构；whomever不能在句中作主语；no matter who不能引导名词性从句。

　　15．When you are reading，make a note of ________ you think is of great importance.

　　A．which

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．when

　　答案　C

　　解析　宾语从句中you think是插入语，从句中缺少主语，which意思不对，故选what。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　In 1978，I was 18 and was working as a nurse in a small town about 270 km away from Sydney，Australia.I was looking forward to having five days off from duty.Unfortunately，the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left.So I thought I’d hitch a ride (搭便车)．I waited by the side of the highway for three hours but no one stopped for me.Finally，a man walked over and introduced himself as Gordon.He said that although he couldn’t give me a lift，I should come back to his house for lunch.He noticed me standing for hours in the November heat and thought I must be hungry.I was doubtful as a young girl but he assured(使……放心) me I was safe，and he also offered to help me find a lift home afterwards.When we arrived at his house，he made us sandwiches.After lunch，he helped me find a lift home.

　　Twenty­five years later，in 2003，while I was driving to a nearby town one day，I saw an elderly man standing in the glaring heat，trying to hitch a ride.I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.I pulled over and picked him up.I made him comfortable on the back seat and offered him some water.

　　After a few moments of small talk，the man said to me，“You haven’t changed a bit，even your red hair is still the same.”

　　I couldn’t remember where I’d met him.He then told me he was the man who had given me lunch and helped me find a lift all those years ago.It was Gordon.(2017·陕西，B)

　　1．The author had to hitch a ride one day in 1978 because ________.

　　A．her work delayed her trip to Sydney

　　B．she was going home for her holidays

　　C．the town was far away from Sydney

　　D．she missed the only train back home

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。由文章第一段第三句“Unfortunately，the only one train a day back to my home in Sydney had already left.”可知答案为D项。

　　2．Which of the following did Gordon do according to Paragraph 2?

　　A．He helped the girl find a ride.

　　B．He gave the girl a ride back home.

　　C．He bought sandwiches for the girl.

　　D．He watched the girl for three hours.

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句可知，B项“he gave”不正确，应为“he found”；由文章第二段倒数第二句可知，C项“he bought”不对，应为“he made”。

　　3．The reason why the author offered a lift to the elderly man was that ________.

　　A．she realized he was Gordon

　　B．she had known him for decades

　　C．she was going to the nearby town

　　D．she wanted to repay the favour she once got

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句“I thought it was another chance to repay someone for the favour I’d been given decades earlier.”可知，作者曾经受过别人的帮助，而她要帮助其他人作为回报。

　　4．What does the author want to tell the readers through the story?

　　A．Giving sometimes produces nice results.

　　B．Those who give rides will be repaid.

　　C．Good manners bring about happiness.

　　D．People should offer free rides to others.

　　答案　A

　　解析　写作意图题。作者用第三段第二句话点明了她的意图。她要告诉读者：就像那位好心人一样，帮助别人就等于帮助自己。

　　B

　　One of the greatest contributors to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual.In 1879，Oxford University in England asked Prof.James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations(引文) showing how it was used.

　　This was a huge task，so Murray had to find volunteers from Britain，the United States，and the British colonies to search every newspaper，magazine，and book ever written in English.Hundreds of volunteers responded，including William Chester Minor.Dr.Minor was an American surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England.He gave his address as “Broadmoor，Crowthorne，Berkshire”，50 miles from Oxford.

　　Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.Over the next 17 years，he became one of the staff’s most valued contributors.

　　But he was also a mystery.In spite of many invitations，he would always decline to visit Oxford.So in 1897，Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself.When he arrived，he found Minor locked in a book­lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum(精神病院) for the Criminally Insane.

　　Murray and Minor became friends，sharing their love of words.Minor continued contributing to the dictionary，sending in more than 10,000 submissions in 20 years.Murray continued to visit Minor regularly，sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds.

　　In 1910，Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America.Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend.

　　Minor died in 1920，seven years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed.The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words，and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient.

　　(2017·山东，B)

　　5．According to the text，the first Oxford English Dictionary________.

　　A．came out before Minor died

　　B．was edited by an American volunteer

　　C．included the English words invented by Murray

　　D．was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary

　　答案　D

　　解析　细节理解题。由文章最后一段第一句可知A项错误；由文章第一段中的“In 1879，Oxford University in England asked Prof.James Murray to serve as editor...”可知词典是由英国人Murray编辑的，而后文提到的美国人Minor只是个捐稿人，故B项错误；C项表示“包括了Murray发明的所有单词”，文中未提及本细节，故错误；由文章第一段中“...serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.”可知D项正确。

　　6．How did Dr.Minor contribute to the dictionary?

　　A．He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers.

　　B．He sent newspapers，magazines and books to Murray.

　　C．He provided a great number of words and quotations.

　　D．He went to England to work with Murray.

　　答案　C

　　解析　细节理解题。文章第二段提到Murray找志愿者而不是Minor帮着找，故A项错误；B项文中并未提及；由第三段中的“Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray.”可知C项正确；由第四段中“...he would always decline to visit Oxford.”可知D项错误。

　　7．Why did Dr.Minor refuse to visit Oxford?

　　A．He was shut in an asylum.

　　B．He lived far from Oxford.

　　C．He was busy writing a book.

　　D．He disliked traveling.

　　答案　A

　　解析　细节理解题。由第四段中的“When he arrived，he found Minor locked in a book­lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum...”可知选A项。

　　8．Prof.Murray and Dr.Minor became friends mainly because________.

　　A．they both served in the Civil War

　　B．they had a common interest in words

　　C．Minor recovered with the help of Murray

　　D．Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判断题。文章只在第二段提到Minor served in the Civil War，故可排除A项；文中并未提及“在Murray的帮助下Minor康复了”这件事，故C项错误；由文章第五段可以看出，Murray是到离Oxford不远的Broadmoor去拜访Minor，这是在英国，而不是去了美国，故D项错误；由文章第五段第一句“Murray and Minor became friends，sharing their love of words.”可知B项正确。

　　9．Which of the following best describes Dr.Minor?

　　A．Brave and determined.

　　B．Cautious and friendly.

　　C．Considerate and optimistic.

　　D．Unusual and scholarly.

　　答案　D

　　解析　推理判断题。通读全文及文章最后一句我们不难看出，Minor身为精神病患者却参与志愿者队伍，为《牛津英语大词典》作出了贡献，这是非比寻常的，而且他也是一个知识渊博的人，故D项正确。

　　10．What does the text mainly talk about?

　　A．The history of the English language.

　　B．The friendship between Murray and Minor.

　　C．Minor and the first Oxford English Dictionary.

　　D．Broadmoor Asylum and its patients.

　　答案　C

　　解析　主旨大意题。纵观全文及前面的分析我们知道，本文主要讲的是Murray与Minor，特别是Minor为第一本《牛津英语大词典》所作的贡献，故只有C项最能概括文章的主旨。

　　Ⅲ.短文填词

　　There are many advantages of smiling.It can not only make us happy，but also ________(使高兴；使满意)others.1.please

　　If we smile at life，life will smile on us in r________.So I want2.return

　　to smile at all whenever and wherever ________.

　　3.possible

　　First，I would like to smile at my parents b________ they have4.because

　　given me life and take all the t________ to bring me up.

　　5.trouble

　　They arrange almost everything for me.________ their help，6.With

　　I have made great p________.I would like to say “Thank you”

　　7.progress

　　to them with a smile.Then my smile should go to myself，for only in this way can I gain more ________(信心)8.confidence

　　in smiling my troubles away and live a better ________.

　　9.life

　　In a word，let’s ________(迎接) every day with a smile.Tomorrow is another day.10.greet