2017届高考英语一轮复习顶尖学案:必修3 Unit 7 The Sea 海洋(北师大版)
核心词汇
1.No professionals ____________(参加,参与)in the contest.
2.I attempted an honest ____________(评价)of my own life.
3.The government e__________ collapsed in 2010.
4.I didn’t know how to h__________ these people.
5.We give a special ____________(折扣)of 10 percent for cash.
6.The detective,nicknamed Holmes,is a ____________(引起恐怖的事物或人)to criminals.
7.The old man is a s__________ of the past age,who is 110 now.
8.The child made a very ____________(机智的) comment,which showed that he was a boy of very high ____________(智商).
9.I owe you an __________ for my rudeness last night and now I __________ to you.(apology)
1.participated 2.evaluation 3.eventually 4.handle 5.discount 6.terror 7.survival 8.intelligent;intelligence 9.apology;apologise
高频短语
1.________________填写
2.________________
起航
3.________________
到达
4.________________
寻找,寻求
5.________________
注意
6.________________
突然,忽然
7.________________
取,接载
8.________________
根据,依照
9.________________
陷入麻烦,陷入困境
10.________________
谋生
11.________________
除……之外(还有)
12.________________
被覆盖
13.________________
从那时起
14.________________
在……边缘
15.________________
朝……的方向
1.fill out 2.set sail 3.make it to 4.in search of 5.watch out 6.all at once 7.pick up 8.according to,9.get into trouble 10.make a living 11.in addition to,12.be covered with 13.from then on 14.on the edge of,15.in the direction of
重点句式
1.They achieved this ____________ Columbus ever set sail.
早在哥伦布起航以前,他们就到达了。
2.______________ the old stories of Iceland and Norway,Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had ________________,for which he __________________.
根据冰岛和挪威的传说,埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而被迫离开冰岛。
重点句式
3.Eric set sail once again,this time with 25 ships,____________ only 14 ________________ Greenland.
埃里克又一次起航了,这次有25艘船,其中只有14艘成功抵达格陵兰岛。
4.________________ Eric the Red had landed in Greenland,a man called Biarni ____________ from Iceland ____________ Eric’s party.
埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久,一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。
5.It’s ________________ big underwater.
(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。
6.... I ____________ to recover ____________ my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear,and screamed out...
……我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来,就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁,大声说出……
7.Some time after I left the boat,____________ my brother ____________ it,it sank into the bottom of the whirlpool.
在我离船不久,船带着我哥哥沉入了漩涡中。
8.Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to ____________ is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.
赖伊夫按照比阿尼的指示,航行到了被认为是目前加拿大海岸的地方。
9.One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands,__________________.
一天,我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来,船上载满了鱼。
1.long before 2.According to;committed a murder;got into trouble 3.of which;made it to 4.Not long after;set sail;in search of 5.three times as 6.was trying;when,7.with;in 8.what 9.our boat full of fish
知识详解
1 .participate vi. 参加;参与
(回归课本P4)I also want you to remember that you should all actively participate in the discussion.
我同样想让你们记住你们都应该积极地参加讨论。
归纳拓展
①She actively participated in politics.
她积极参与政治活动。
②(牛津P1450)She didn’t participate in the discussion.
她没有参加讨论。
③(朗文P1667)We want more participation in the decision-making.
我们想更多地参与决策。
例句探源
易混解析
participate,join,take part in,attend
(1)participate指参与某活动,不指加入组织,常与介词in连用。
(2)join常指加入某一组织、团体等。当指加入某一活动时也与in连用。
(3)take part in指参加某种工作、事业或活动,并在其中发挥积极作用。
(4)attend多指参加某种活动或会议等,并成为观众或听众等。
①His brother joined the army at 20.
②All the people here join me in wishing you a happy New Year.
③Did you take_part_in the meeting yesterday?
④I will attend my brother’s wedding this Sunday.
1.Everyone in the class is expected to __________ these discussions.
A.share
B.join
C.contribute to
D.participate in
解析:选D。考查动词及动词词组辨析。句意:班上的每个人都被期望参加这些讨论。share“分享,共享”;join指参加某个组织或社团,而指参加某个活动时,则用join in;contribute to“有助于……,促进……”;participate in“参加某种活动”,符合句意。
2 .arrange v.安排;准备;整理;布置;排列
(回归课本P4)If not,then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours...
如果没有,那你们组应该安排好在校外时间见面……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P95)Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?
你安排了这个周末见马克吗?
②(朗文P95)The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.
公司会安排一辆出租车去机场接你。
③(牛津P92)We can come to an arrangement over the price.
我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。
2.—Why are you going to Canada again?
—Oh,my boss __________ for me to discuss the details further about that project.
A.asked B.arranged
C.sent
D.called
解析:选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:——你为什么又要去加拿大?——噢,老板安排我去进一步讨论关于那个项目的细节问题。“arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事”符合句意。
3 .sign n.符号,记号;迹象,征兆;手势;招牌,
标志
v.签署;示意,打手势
(回归课本P5)Some chimpanzees have learnt sign language...
一些黑猩猩已学会了手势语……
归纳拓展
①He made a sign for me to follow him.
他向我示意跟着他(走)。
②(2010年高考福建卷)Therefore,students should be advised to sign up as soon as possible.
因此,建议学生尽早报名。
例句探源
高效记忆
3.介、副词填空
(1)All visitors must sign __________ on arrival.
答案:in
(2)She signed __________ with ‘Yours,Janet’.
答案:off
(3)The company has signed __________ three top models for the fashion show.
答案:up
4 .further adj. 更远的,进一步的
adv.更远地;而且;另外;再者
(回归课本P8)In 982 AD,when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west...
在公元982年,埃里克·雷德决定向西更远的地方航行……
例句探源
①She can swim much further than I can.
她游泳游得比我远得多。
②(牛津P831)Think further back into your childhood.
再往前回想你的童年。
farther,further
两者都是far的比较级,可用作副词和形容词,但在意义上有所不同。
(1)farther多指空间或时间上更远。
(2)further不仅指时间、距离更进一些。还可用于引申意义“更进一步,更深一层”,此时,不能与farther换用。
易混解析
4.用farther,further填空
(1)The __________ it is from the earth,the thinner the air becomes.
答案:further/farther
(2)For __________ information,please go to www.yingyu.education.com.cn,and there,you can also get __________ education online.
答案:further;further
5 .persuade vt. 说服,劝服
(回归课本P8)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.
他说服了一些人跟他回格陵兰岛。
①(朗文P1118)He persuaded her into/out of going(=to go/not to go)to the party.
他说服她参加/不参加这次聚会。
②We worked hard to persuade them that we were really interested in the project.
我们想尽办法以使他们相信我们确实对这一计划感兴趣。
例句探源
5.(2010年高考湖北卷)Duty is an act or a course of action that people __________ you to take by social customs,law or religion.
A.persuadeB.request
C.instruct
D.expect
解析:选D。考查动词辨析。句意:义务是一种行为的具体行动或过程,人们期望它的实施能够遵守社会习俗、法律或宗教信仰。persuade劝说,说服;request请求,要求;instruct命令,指令;expect期望,期盼。
6 .apologise vi. 道歉
(回归课本P9)Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.
Johnson先生为这个错误而道歉。
归纳拓展
①(2010年高考四川卷)As we were about to arrive,the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.
当我们就要到达的时候,飞行员带着歉意宣布飞机将推迟降落。
②He apologised to her for coming late.
他因迟到而向她道歉。
③I apologise for having taken too much of your time.
我为占用你很多时间而表示歉意。
例句探源
6.Victor apologised for __________ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A.his being not ableB.him not to be able
C.his not being able
D.him to be not able
解析:选C。考查动名词的复合结构。句意:维克多为他没能通知我计划的变化而道歉。apologise for doing sth.“因做某事而道歉”,介词for后接动词-ing作宾语,故B、D两项错误,动名词的否定式是在其前加not,而且动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语,故not前可以用his或him。这样his(not)being...就构成了动名词的复合结构,作介词for的宾语。
7 .present vt.演示,讲演 adj. 当前的;到场的
(回归课本P11)How will you present your project?
你怎样展示你的项目呢?
【温馨提示】 present作为形容词时,作“在场的,出席的”讲时放在被修饰词的后面;而作为“现在的,目前的”讲时放在被修饰词的前面。
例句探源
①(2010年高考陕西卷)It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.
据报道,灾区有许多新房子正在修建。
②The film Avatar is well received at present/at the present time.
电影《阿凡达》目前很受欢迎。
③How many people were present at the meeting?
参加会议的有多少人?
7.翻译句子
出席会议的所有人都对目前的形势不满意。
________________________________________________________________________
答案:All the people present at the meeting were not satisfied with the present situation.
8.attract vt. 吸引
Some fish attract other fish with a light on their body-and then eat them!
一些鱼通过身体发光吸引别的鱼——然后吃掉它们!
归纳拓展
①(2010年高考江苏卷)Thousands of foreigners were attracted to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.
上海世博会开幕的当日吸引了成千上万的外宾。
②She felt an immediate attraction to him.
她对他一见钟情。
③One of the main attractions of the job is the high salary.
这份工作最吸引人的地方之一是薪水高。
例句探源
8.The city’s bright lights,theaters,films,etc.are __________.
A.great attraction
B.great attractions
C.attracting
D.very attracted
解析:选B。当attraction意为“向往的地方,有吸引力的事”时是可数名词,此句主语为bright lights,theaters,films,ect.,故attraction应用复数,排除A。此处还可用形容词attractive,意为“吸引人的,迷人的”,C项表示动作正在进行,D项表示被动,故选B。
9 .escape v.& n. 逃脱,逃跑,逃避
(回归课本P14)Without waiting,I dived into the sea to try and escape.
我毫不犹豫地跳进海里试图逃生。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(2010年高考福建卷)A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top.
一个小孔让烟从顶部冒出来。
②(牛津P676)There was no hope of escape from her disastrous marriage.
她无望从不幸婚姻中解脱出来。
③There’s no way to escape doing the work.
没办法逃脱做这项工作。
9.完成句子
为了不被捉住,小偷藏在了树林中。
In order to escape __________ __________ __________,the thief hid himself among the trees.
答案:from being caught
10 .survive v. 幸存,生存下来
(回归课本P14)Our boat survived,and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear,...
我们的船没有沉,我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来,就在这时我的哥哥靠近我耳边说……
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(2010年高考湖北卷)...the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survive.
……静止的水受到如此严重的污染以至于没有什么能生存。
②The young lady survived the drowning because
of Meng Xiangbin’s timely rescue.
由于孟祥斌及时的救援,那位年轻女子免于被淹死。
③In the air crash,no one on the plane survived.
在这次坠机事件中,飞机上的人无一生还。
10.用survive的适当形式填空
(1)The whole country sent help to the __________ of the Wenchuan Earthquake.
答案:survivors
(2)The man’s __________ was surprising,as the doctors thought he would die.
答案:survival
(3)The car industry cannot __________ without government’s help.
答案:survive
11 .recover v.痊愈,康复;找回;重新获得,收回
(回归课本P14)...I was trying to recover when my elder brother...
……我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来,就在这时我的哥哥……
归纳拓展
①(2010年高考广东卷)Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water.
经过几天的休息再加上多喝水,许多食物中毒的人恢复了过来。
②(牛津P1661)He’s still recovering from his operation.
手术后他仍在恢复之中。
例句探源
11.She __________ herself and stopped crying after Tom came back with the good news.
A.coveredB.recovered
C.discovered
D.uncovered
解析:选B。考查动词辨析。句意:汤姆带着好消息回来后,她稳定好情绪并停止了哭泣。cover“覆盖”;recover“痊愈,康复”;discover“发现”;uncover“发现,破获”,由句意可知B项正确。
12.As soon as little Tom had __________ a little from his shock,his first thought was to get away.
A.returned
B.absorbed
C.survived
D.recovered
解析:选D。考查动词辨析。根据语意判断,此处表示“从震惊中恢复过来”,因此用动词recover。survive“幸免于难,挺过”;return“返回”;absorb“吸收,吸引”。
12 .make it to 到达
(回归课本P8)Eric set sail once again,this time with 25 ships,of which only 14 made it to Greenland.
埃里克再一次启航了,这次有25艘船,其中只有14艘到达了格陵兰岛。
归纳拓展
①(朗文P917)We made it to the meeting.
我们参加了会议。
②(朗文P917)I think we’ll just make it!
我认为我们将及时到达!
③The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we’ll never make it.
再过二十分钟飞机就起飞了,我们无论如何也赶不上了。
例句探源
13.完成句子
——我们能赶上火车吗?
——希望来得及。
—Can we __________ __________ __________ the train?
—I hope we can __________ __________.
答案:make it to;make it
13 .in search of=in one’s
search for 寻找;寻求
(回归课本P8)Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland,a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric’s party.
埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久,一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。
归纳拓展
search...for...在……里面/身上搜寻……
search for=look for=hunt for寻找
search out找出某人或某物
search through把……仔细搜寻一遍
make a search for...搜查,搜寻……
①Michael went away in search of water to drink.
=Michael went away in his search for water to drink.
迈克尔离开去找水喝了。
②(朗文P1363)They searched the woods for the little boy.
他们在森林中搜寻那个小男孩。
③(朗文P1363)With clever questioning the lawyer searched out the weaknesses in the witness’s statement.
律师以机敏的提问找到了证人证词中的弱点。
例句探源
14.The Customs(海关人员)were________drugs when I came through the airport.They________everybody’s luggage for them,and they________the man in front of me from head to foot.
A.searching for;searched;searched for
B.searching;searched;searched
C.searching for;searched;searched
D.searching;searched for;searched
解析:选C。考查词语辨析。根据句意可知,第一空意为“寻找”,用“search for”;第二空为“搜每个人的行李”用search,表搜索某地;第三空表“搜某人的身”,用“search sb.”,故答案为C。
14 .make sense 有道理;有意义;讲得通(无被动语态)
(回归课本P14)Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense.
以那个顺序读一读看这故事是否有意义。
归纳拓展
①Does it make sense to let children watch such TV plays?
让孩子们看这样的电视剧有意义吗?
②Our experts could not make sense of the code.
我们的专家也弄不懂这个密码。
例句探源
15.完成句子
这些便宜的大衣也很好,何必非买那件贵的不可。
__________ __________ __________ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
答案:Make no sense
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 It’s_three_times_as big underwater.(P12)
(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。
【句法分析】 本句使用了倍数的表达法。
表达倍数的三个句型:
(1)A is+倍数+as+adj./adv.+as B A是B的……倍
(2)A is+倍数+形容词的比较级+than B A比B……倍
(3)A is+倍数+the+n.+of B A是B的……倍
①His income is twice as much as mine.
他的收入是我的两倍。
②The house price of Beijing is three times higher than that of Jinan.北京的房价比济南的房价高三倍。
③This rope is three times the length of that one.
这根绳子是那根绳子的三倍长。
16.China won 100 medals in the Beijing Olympic Games,which are almost________those of the Sydney Olympic Games.
A.twice as many as
B.as many as twice
C.as much as twice
D.twice as much as
解析:选A。考查倍数句型。在含有倍数、百分数的同级比较结构中,倍数或百分数置于as...as之前;as many as修饰可数名词复数,as much as修饰不可数名词,medals为可数名词,故A项正确。
2【教材原句】 Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada.(P8)
赖伊夫按照比阿尼的指示,航行到了被认为是目前加拿大海岸的地方。
【句法分析】 该句中的what引导的从句是一个宾语从句,在复合句中作介词to的宾语。what从句相当于一个名词,往往作复合句中的主语、宾语或表语。翻译为“……的人,事、地方、价格等”。
①He is not what he was a few years ago.(what=the person that)
他不是几年前的他了。
②What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world.(what=the place that)
现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。
③The color of the flower is different from what it was in the morning.(what=the color that)
那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。
17.完成句子
(1)除了在报上读到的以外,我对这次事故一无所知。
I know nothing about the accident except __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________.
答案:what I read in the newspaper
(2)你还没有给我我要的东西。
You haven’t given me __________ __________ __________.
答案:what I want
3【教材原句】 One day,my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands,our_boat_full_of_fish.(P14)
一天,我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来,船上载满了鱼。
【句法分析】 这是一个简单句。在句中our boat full of fish是一个独立主格结构。独立主格结构多用作状语,表示时间,原因,条件,行为方式或伴随状态。
①The girl looked up,her eyes full of tears.(n.+形容词短语)
(作伴随状态)女孩抬起头,眼里满含泪水。
②Weather permitting,we will go camping this weekend. (n.+现在分词)(作原因状语)
天气许可的话,我们本周末就去野营。
③A stranger broke in,gun in hand.(n.+介词短语)(作方式状语)
一个陌生人闯了进来,手里拿着枪。
④All the problems settled,we went home happily.(n.+过去分词)(作时间状语)
所有的问题都解决了,我们高兴地回家了。
18.完成句子
(1)那个孩子的眼睛盯着飞机模型,所以没有听到我说话。
__________ __________ on the model plane,the child didn’t hear me.[
答案:Eyes fixed
(2)讲座结束了,人们三三两两地走出大厅。
__________ __________,people walked out of the hall in twos and threes.
答案:Lecture over
(3)因为有很多问题要去解决,新当选的市长面临着一段困难时期。
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________,the newly-elected mayor was facing a hard time.
答案:There being so many problems to settle
作文指导
倒装句和强调句
倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。
完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。
【佳句选粹】
In_came_the_teacher and the class began.
【分析】 句意:老师走了进来,然后开始上课。in放于句首,整个句子用了全部倒装的形式,came放到了the teacher之前。
部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。
【佳句选粹】
Were_she_to_leave right now,she would get there on Sunday.
【分析】 句意:如果她立刻就走,她就能在星期天到达那里。此句前半部分省去了If,把were提前。
【佳句选粹】
Not until yesterday did_little_John_change his mind.
【分析】 句意:小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。否定词放于句首,主句用部分倒装,did提到了主语little John之前。
强调句是一种修辞,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式,写作中常使用强调句,常见的有:
【佳句选粹】
It was on_Monday_night that all this happened.
【分析】 句意:所有这一切发生在周一晚上。用强调句型:“It is(was)+被强调成分+that(who)+原句其他成分”来强调说话人的意愿,强调时间“on Monday night”。
【佳句选粹】
①He does know the place well.
他的确很熟悉这个地方。
②Do write to me when you get there.
你到那儿后务必给我来信。
【分析】 用助动词“do(does/did)+动词原形”来表示强调
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