2017高考英语人教版一轮学案：选修六 Unit4　Global warming

　　Unit4　Global warming

　　1、consequence n.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) Not making a will can have_serious_consequences for the people you might wish to benefit.

　　(2) Scientists think it unlikely that any species will actually become extinct as_a_consequence_of the oil spill.

　　(3) Well, if you insist on eating so much, you'll have to suffer_/_take_the_consequences!

　　根据语义找匹配：

　　A. 由于　B. 严重的后果　C. 后果自负

　　(1) B　(2) A　(3) C

　　answer for the consequence 对后果负责

　　as a consequence / in consequence因而，结果

　　face / take / suffer the consequences of 自食其果，承担责任

　　as a consequence of / in consequence of / as a result of……的结果，因为……的缘故，由于

　　of little / no consequence 不重要的，无足轻重的

　　用consequence短语的适当形式填空

　　(1)He broke the law, and now he must face /

　　take / suffer the consequences of his action.

　　(2)She was over the age limit,as a consequence， her application was rejected.

　　(3)Your opinion is of little consequence (不重要) to me.

　　(4)Jack failed to pass the exam in consequence of being lazy in study. He could do nothing but take the consequence.

　　2、range n. & v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)You will find a_whole_range_of children's books in the bookshop.

　　(2)If you are employed, your salary is in the range of 26,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars.

　　(3)It came within my range of vision.

　　(4)The gun has a_range_of more than 5 miles.

　　(5) Tibet is a place of high mountain_ranges and deep valleys.

　　(6) The show had a massive audience, ranging_from children to grandparents.

　　(7) Oprah Winfrey's talk show ranges_over a variety of topics.

　　(8) Cattle ranged_over the pastures in search of food.

　　(9) In the dining room, team photographs were ranged along the wall.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 漫游，闲逛　B. 山脉　C. 射程　D. 距离　E. 排列　F. 涉及　G. 一系列的、成套的东西　H. 包括(不同种类的人和物)　I. (数量，年龄，温度等)范围，界限

　　(1) G　(2) I　(3) D　(4) C　

　　(5) B　(6) H　(7) F　(8) A　(9) E

　　a wide / whole / full range of

　　一系列，一整套，各种各样的

　　in / within a…range 在……的范围之内

　　range from…to… 包括(不同种类的人和物)

　　range from / between…to / and…

　　(数量，年龄，温度等)范围，界限 (包括上限和下限)

　　range over / through 漫游，闲逛

　　range over 涉及

　　用range的适当形式填空

　　There are a wide (1) range of children's books in the bookshop, whose prices (2) range from / between 1 dollar to / and 20 dollars. The content (3) ranges widely. You can choose books according to the writers' names (4) ranged along the wall next to the door.

　　3、result n. & v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)His limp is the result of an accident.

　　(2)All the people present couldn't wait to know the results of the game.

　　(3)The sports meeting was put off as_a_result_of a heavy rain.

　　(4)Eating too much fat and sugar will result_in not only overweight but also heart disease.

　　(5)His failure results_from his carelessness.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. (比赛、考试等的)结果，比分，分数等　B. 由于　C. 结果　D. 导致　E. (因……而)发生，产生，出现

　　(1) C　(2) A　(3) B　(4) D　(5) E

　　as a result 因此，结果

　　as a result of 作为……的结果，由于

　　in result 结果，因此

　　in the result后果，结果

　　meet with good results取得好成绩

　　with the result that 结果是，因此，从而

　　without result 无效地，毫无结果地

　　result from (因……而)发生，产生，出现

　　result in导致，产生某种作用或结果

　　用上述单词或短语填空

　　On my way to school, I witnessed a traffic accident, (1)

　　resulting in 3 deaths, which (2) resulted from　the serious injuries to the head. 5 minutes later, the policeman came and asked me a few questions (3) with the result that I was late for school.

　　4、state n.

　　(1) The building is in a bad state.

　　(2) He is in a good state of mind.

　　(3) The railroads belong to the state in this county.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 政府，州　B. 状态　C. 心态

　　(1) B　(2) C　(3) A

　　in a terrible / bad state 状况糟糕

　　be in a state / get into a state 处于紧张(焦虑，兴奋)之中

　　state / condition / situation

　　state 常用词，指人或物存在或所处的状态，还表示人的精神、情绪和身体的状态。

　　She got herself into a state about the exams.

　　condition 意为“条件、情况、状况”，其单数形式指人和物所处的状况，这时与state 意义相近，常可互换，但condition 还常着重于一定原因、环境或条件造成的特定情况。

　　His condition doesn't permit him to travel.

　　situation 指某一时间由各种情况造成的“处境，形势，局面”。

　　He found himself in an embarrassing situation.

　　单项填空

　　(1)The car was in a good working ______ when I bought it a few months ago.

　　A. form

　　B. situation

　　C. state

　　D. circumstance

　　(2)She was in ______ confused state of ______ mind when she heard the news.

　　A. a; the

　　B. a;

　　/

　　C.

　　/ ; the

　　D.

　　/ ; a

　　5、quantity n.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.

　　(2)A_large_quantity_of air­conditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.

　　(3)Huge_quantities_of oil were shipped to Japan last year.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 大量的　B. 数量

　　(1) B　(2) A　(3) A

　　a large / small / vast, etc. quantity of 大量的(后接谓语动词单数)

　　large / huge / vast, etc. quantities of 大量的(后接谓语动词复数)

　　in large / small / sufficient, etc. quantities 大量地 / 少量地 / 足量地

　　完成句子

　　(1)It's cheaper to buy goods in large quantities.

　　大批量购货较便宜。

　　(2)Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead man's stomach.

　　在死者胃中找到了少量的毒药。

　　6、tend v.

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1) People tend_to need less sleep as they get older.

　　(2) Sophia was in the bedroom tending_to her son.

　　(3) Charles tends_towards obesity.

　　根据语义找匹配：A. 照料，照顾，护理　B. 趋向，趋于，走向　C. 往往会，常常就

　　(1) C　(2) A　(3) B

　　tend to do sth. 往往会，常常就

　　tend (to) sb. 照料，照顾，护理

　　tend towards / to sth. 趋向，趋于，走向

　　tendency n.

　　趋向，偏好，性情

　　完成句子

　　(1)Women tend to live longer than men.

　　女人往往比男人长寿。

　　(2)Prices have tended upwards over recent years.

　　近年来物价趋于上升。

　　(3)Doctors and nurses tend (to)

　　the injured.

　　医生和护士护理受伤者。

　　7、come about

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)I don't know how the accident had come_about?

　　(2)How_does_it_come_about_that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 发生　B. 怎么会发生……这样的事呢？

　　(1) A　(2) B

　　come to do sth. 开始认为，开始觉得；偶然地做某事

　　come and go来去自由；断断续续

　　take sth. as it comes 原样接受，听天由命

　　come across sb. / sth.偶遇某人 / 某物；偶然发现某人 / 某物；被理解； 穿过

　　come around / round

　　探访、拜访；改变观点；苏醒，恢复知觉

　　come at扑向，向……逼近

　　come back回来；再度流行；恢复；反驳

　　come down to 归根到底；传到……手里，传下来给

　　come into force (法律，法规等)生效，实施

　　come to terms with 甘心忍受

　　how come…？ 怎么会……？

　　How does it come about that… 怎么会发生……这样的事呢？

　　用come的相关短语填空

　　One day I (1) came across an old friend in the street, he said his new book would (2) come out and that some of my ideas (3) came up in it and that I would be interviewed by reporters. I never imagined that such a thing would (4) come about in my life.

　　8、build up

　　根据语境猜词义

　　(1)All the pressure built_up and he was off work for weeks with stress.

　　(2)Build yourself up to peak performance on the day of the exam.

　　(3)The play was built_up to be a masterpiece but I found it disappointing.

　　(4)You need more protein to build you up.

　　(5)The finds help us build_up a picture of life in the Middle Ages.

　　根据语义找匹配

　　A. 吹捧，鼓吹　B. 加大，加强，增多　C. 创建，开办　D. 增强……体质

　　(1) B　(2) D　(3) A　(4) D　(5) C

　　put up 张贴；住宿

　　set up 建立， 树立， 创立

　　stay up熬夜

　　go up 上升，上涨

　　turn up朝上翻， 来到， 卷起，出现，调大

　　hold up 举起， 阻挡， 耽搁， 支撑

　　单项填空

　　()They gave him soup to ______ his strength.

　　A. set up

　　B. build up

　　C. hold up

　　D. turn up

　　9、…it_is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(P26)

　　……全球变暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。

　　(1)It_is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.

　　(2)Was_it you that I saw last night at the concert?

　　(3)When_was_it_that the fire broke out on a No. 9 bus?

　　(4)It_was not until 30 years later that he came back to his hometown.

　　(1)强调句，可以用来强调句子的主语，宾语，状语等。强调句的结构通常是：

　　It ＋ is / was ＋ 强调部分 ＋ that

　　/ who / who＋句子的剩余部分。

　　It is tomorrow that the sports meeting will be held.

　　(2)强调句的一般疑问句结构： Is / Was ＋it＋ 强调部分 ＋ that

　　/ who ＋句子的剩余部分。

　　Is it because Tom is often careless that you don't want him to do the job?

　　(3)特殊疑问句的强调：疑问词 ＋ is / was ＋ it ＋ that＋句子的剩余部分。

　　Where was it that the fire broke out on a NO. 9 bus?

　　(4)含有not until 的强调句： It ＋ is / was ＋ not until… ＋ that＋句子的剩余部分。

　　It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized her.

　　单项填空

　　() (1) It is they ______ wrong.

　　A. who are

　　B. that is

　　C. that was

　　D. whom are

　　() (2) ______ you want to say?

　　A. What is it that

　　B. What it is that

　　C. How is it that

　　D. How it is that

　　() (3) It was ______ they were having dinner ______ the phone rang.

　　A. that; that

　　B. when; that

　　C. that; when

　　D. when; when

　　() (4) It was the girl ______ I met in park ______ told me the news.

　　A. who; that

　　B. which; that

　　C. that; which

　　D. whom; which

　　10、Without the ‘greenhouse effect’， the earth would be about thirty­three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.(P26)

　　如果没有这种 “温室效应”，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。

　　(1) Without air, water, and sunlight there would be no living things.

　　(2) What would I have done without you?

　　此句子使用了虚拟语气，假设与现在事实相反的事情，介词without 常可表示一个条件，相当于一个if从句，如without the ‘greenhouse effect’，相当于 if there was no ‘greenhouse effect’， 此时，句子的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。

　　单项填空

　　() (1) Without electricity, human life ______ quite different.

　　A. is

　　B. will be

　　C. would have been

　　D. would be

　　() (2) We ______ the work ahead of time without your help.

　　A. can't finish

　　B. don't finish

　　C. couldn't have finished

　　D. will finish

　　() 1. (2009·浙江)Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only ______ one's strength, but also develop one's character.

　　A. bring up

　　B. take up

　　C. build up

　　D. pull up

　　C　本题考查动词短语辨析。bring up抚养，培养； take up占据； build up 增进，加强；pull up 向上拉，拔，停车。句意：练习中国武术不仅可以增强力量，还可以完善个人品格。

　　Greenhouse gases continue to build_up in the atmosphere.(P27)

　　() 2. (2010·课程标准卷)I'll spend half of my holiday practising English and ______ half learning drawing.

　　A. another

　　B. the other

　　C. other's

　　D. others

　　B　考查another，the other, others 三个词作形容词时的用法区别。句意是：我要用一半假期的时间练英语，另一半时间学画画。两者中的另一个用the other。

　　Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level…(P27)

　　() 3. (2010·江西)Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) ______ of 40,000 per year.

　　A. average

　　B. number

　　C. amount

　　D. quantity

　　A　本题考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意：去年通过驾照考试的人达到了200,000，平均每年有40,000人拿到驾照。

　　The greenhouse effect gives the earth's surface the average temperature of 15℃.(P29)