2017高三英语二轮复习（江苏专用）A 核心考点（核心 规律 技巧）课件：A1

　　Many children，________ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. A．their

　　B．whose

　　C．of whom

　　D．with whom 答案　B　[先行词为children, whose parents相当于the parents of whom。]

　　whose＋n.＝限定词＋n.＋of＋which/whom＝of which/whom＋限定词＋n. ※1.限定词常为the； 2．此类题目关键在于名词前是否有限定词出现。  

　　(湖北卷)What surprised me was not what he said but ________he said it. A．the way

　　B．in the way that C．in the way

　　D．the way which 答案　A　[先行词the way在定语从句中作状语，that相当于in which已省略。]

　　热点1·5 ①You should treat her the way ________ suits her most. A．what

　　B．which

　　C．/

　　D．in which 答案　B　[先行词the way在定语从句中作主语，故选B。] ②It's high time ________ he set off right now. A．which

　　B．/

　　C．that

　　D．when 答案　B　[考查虚拟语气。It's high time(that)．..，that省略。] ③It was my 3rd time I ________ here. A．came

　　B．come

　　C．has come

　　D．had come 答案　D　[It be one's/the序数词time(that)定语从句(完成时态)为固定用法，故选D。] ④________ the moment ________ he saw me，he ran off. A．At；/

　　B．/；that

　　C．/；/

　　D．At；that 答案　C　[At the moment/second/instant/minute that...，此题省略At, that，答案为C。] ⑤________ the first time ________ I met her，she was a little girl. A．For；/

　　B．/；that

　　C．/；/

　　D．For；that 答案　C　[For the序数词time that...为固定搭配，for, that省略，最佳答案为C。]

　　1．way作先行词并且在定语从句中作状语，常用关系副词that引导定语从句(that亦常省略，相当于in which)。

　　※但way若被the same、such等修饰，此种情况常用as。 2．表时刻的名词，如moment，second等和time作先行词并且在定语从句中作状语，定语从句常用that引导(that亦常省略)。 (1)It be time(时间)(that)定语从句(虚拟语气) It is time (that) I left now. (2)It be one's/the序数词time(that)定语从句(完成时态) (3)．..at the moment/second/instant/minute that...定语从句→the moment/instant/second/minute(时间状语从句引导词) (4)for the序数词time that...定语从句→the序数词time... (时间状语从句引导词)

　　(浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A．which

　　B．where

　　C．how

　　D．why 答案　B　[point为先行词，表示抽象地点在定语从句中作状语，故选where，相当于at which。]

　　热点1·6 The pilot got into a dangerous situation ________ he might lose control over the plane. A．which

　　B．where

　　C．how

　　D．why 答案　B　[situation为先行词，在定语从句中作状语，故选where。]

　　常考特殊先行词case，situation，point，condition，activity，degree，常考其在从句中作状语，用where引导，而occasion表时间，常考在定语从句中作状语，用when引导。 (山东卷)—Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm ________ we worked. A．that

　　B．there

　　C．which

　　D．where 答案　D　[that I got to know her在上下文中省略，farm为先行词，where we worked为定语从句。]

　　热点1·7 —So you have met Maria? —Yes，it was last week ________ we attended Jack's party. A．where

　　B．when

　　C．that

　　D．why 答案　B　[that we met Maria在上下文中省略，last week为先行词。]

　　近年常考查形式 It be 介词短语(地点/时间)，考查定语从句(that强调句……)常在上下语境中省略。 ※(1)在该句型中介词短语(时间)是考查趋势。

　　(2)要注意情况变化。

　　(陕西卷)His plan was such a good one ________we all agreed to accept. A．so

　　B．and

　　C．that

　　D．as 答案　D　[题干是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词被such修饰，所以应用as引导。] 热点1·8 The teacher raised so difficult a question ________ none could answer. A．that

　　B．what

　　C．as

　　D．which 答案　C　[考查定语从句的复合结构，先行词被so修饰，所以应用as引导。]

　　1．the same...as，such...as，as...as，so...as结构中，as可作主语、宾语、表语代替先行词。此种情况与状语从句区别关键是从句主语、宾语、表语等主干结构是否健全，若健全，为状语从句，否则为定语从句。 2．as代替主句或部分，见热点1·1。

　　(2017·江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon ______the meeting would be postponed. A．when

　　B．that

　　C．whether

　　D．how 答案　B　[同位语从句后移现象，that the meeting would be postponed解释notice的内容。]

　　热点1·9 ①The view ________ many scientists hold is ________ too much emission of carbon dioxide is destructive. A．that；that

　　B．that；which C．which；which

　　D．that；what 答案　A　[考查定语从句、同位语从句。] ②(天津卷)Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________effects the people are still suffering. A．that

　　B．whose

　　C．those

　　D．what 答案　B　[whose引导定语从句，表示effects与part of South east Asia是所属关系。]

　　③(上海卷)If a shop has chairs ________women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A．that

　　B．which

　　C．when

　　D．where 答案　D　[where引导定语从句。先行词chairs表示地点，所以要用where引导。]

　　即在名词和从句之间加入be的合适形式(句子其它部分不予理会)，逻辑成立，为同位语从句，反之为定语从句。 I share the view that everyone should be equal. 中间加be The view is that everyone should be equal. 逻辑成立，that从句为同位语从句。

　　定语从句、同位语从句结构相同之处 ……名词/代词＋从句…… 鉴别办法 1．中间加be法 即将名词代入从句，可直接作主语、宾语、表语或加上介词可作适当成分(句子其它部分不予理会)，若可以，为定语从句，反之为同位语从句。 I share the view which is fresh. 将名词代入从句 The view is fresh. view在从句中作主语，which从句为定语从句。  

　　2．代入法 名 师 招 招 鲜 主句结构完整，定语从句通常是修饰、说明和限制主句中的主语、宾语或表语。

　　在定语从句中，不管是关系代词还是关系副词，都已经代替先行词在定语从句中充当了某一成分，关系代词通常充当主语、宾语、表语等；关系副词通常充当状语。因此，定语从句中不能再出现与关系代词或关系副词相重复的成分。

　　“八招”破解定语从句 一、认识主句结构 二、避免成分重复 首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知，确定定语从句的位置及其涉及的内容；其次，根据定语从句中所缺少的成分，分析关系词在定语从句中所作的成分，然后选出正确的选项。

　　在突破有关“介词＋关系代词”类型的定语从句试题时，一方面，分析定语从句中的谓语动词(该动词是不及物动词)习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。另一方面，要考虑和先行词的搭配习惯。弄清“动词——介词——先行词”的线索对正确地确定介词非常关键。

　　三、确定句子成分 四、弄清逻辑线索 先行词和从句部分被谓语或状语等成分分隔时，应先把“分隔”成分分离出来，简化题干结构，再分析解答。

　　有无逗号把定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。充分运用逗号所表达的逻辑结构和意义，对正确掌握定语从句、准确理解语境意义很有帮助。

　　六、留心标点符号 五、“分隔式”定语从句 定语从句前必须有先行词；状语从句修饰谓语动词或整个句子；而名词性从句则是单独充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语。

　　在as或which引导的定语从句中，要注意两者引导的定语从句在整句中的位置；注意两者在翻译时的不同表达。 七、注意三大从句的区别 八、弄清位置和意义 返回 上页 下页 名师招招鲜 易错警示 考点精析 返回 上页 下页 名师招招鲜 易错警示 考点精析 返回 上页 下页 名师招招鲜 易错警示 考点精析 A

　　1．作为必考点，定语从句基础题目考查普通的关系词在从句中作状语或定语。 2．难度题目考查介词提前的定语从句或关系词指代整个句子等比较复杂的结构。 3．高档题目考查定语从句间隔，定语从句与强调句结合，定语从句与名词性从句结合。 易 错 警 示 Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A．where

　　B．when

　　C．who

　　D．Which

　　易误选C、B

　　定语从句后移现象，cases为先行词。选A，意为在这些案例中。学生会误以为readers为先行词，误选C或误将其视为状语从句，误选B。 The letter we had been looking forward to ________ at last. A．came

　　B．come

　　C．coming

　　D．Comes

　　易误选C、B

　　选A。定语从句分割主句，the letter为先行词，其后省略which/that定语从句引导词(作look forward to的宾语)，利用to对后面造成干扰，极易误选C、B。答案为A。 For many cities in the world，there is no room to spread out further，________ New York is an example. A．for which

　　B．in which C．of which

　　D．from which

　　易误选B

　　先行词为cities，逻辑为部分与整体关系，故选of which，先行词与定语从句被一些成分间隔，难度加大，学生会误以为world为先行词而选B。 Occasions are rare________ I can spend a whole day with my family. A．when

　　B．where

　　C．which

　　D．That

　　易误选B、D

　　定语从句后移现象，occasions为先行词，学生会从其汉语翻译“场合”，误认为是表地点，其实表时间，故选A。 —Where did you get to know Jane? —It was on the farm ________ we worked together. A．that

　　B．where

　　C．which

　　D．/

　　易误选A

　　定语从句与强调句型结合，后面根据上下语境省略强调句that I got to know Jane，选B。常考It is/was强调部分(介词短语，表地点)________……定语从句(that...强调句……)。学生会误以为前面部分为强调句。 Mrs. Black took the police to the same place ________ she witnessed the robbery. A．as

　　B．where

　　C．that

　　D．when

　　易误选A

　　出于思维定势，学生会误选as，其实此处为定语从句，而非状语从句。正确答案为B。 —It's thirty years since we last met. —But I still remember the story，believe it or not，________ we got lost on a rainy night. A．which

　　B．that

　　C．what

　　D．When

　　易误选D

　　涉及定语从句与同位语从句的鉴别，又有believe it or not插入语干扰，更增加了难度，学生会误把其当作定语从句而误选D。正确答案为B。

　　考 点 精 析

　　基 础 盘 点

　　热 门 考 点

　　1．which/as非限制性定语从句； 2．介词＋which/whom定语从句(介词选择)； 3．与定语从句相关的“分隔”现象； 4．whose定语从句； 5．that(关系副词)定语从句； 6．高频抽象先行词； 7．与其它性质从句或强调句结合； 8．as相关定语从句； 9．定语从句与同位语从句鉴别。

　　关 注 节 点

　　(2017·北京卷)When deeply absorbed in work, ________he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A．that

　　B．which

　　C．where

　　D．when 答案　B　[根据句子的结构可知，题干中含有一个非限制性定语从句，指代上文所述内容，故选which。] 热点1·1 ②Jane seems friendly to all，________ everybody knows. A．what

　　B．that

　　C．as

　　D．which 答案　C　[as代替主句在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，故选C。]

　　①She passed the driving test，________ surprised everyone. A．what

　　B．that

　　C．which

　　D．who 答案　C　[考查非限制性定语从句。指代上文所述内容，故选which。]

　　as代替主句或部分在非限制性定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。 ※1.which从句常表示主句造成的结果，相当于“and that...”而as从句常译为“像……一样”。 2．as若在从句中作主语，从句谓语必有be参与。 3．as从句可在主句前、主句中、主句后三种位置，而which从句只在主句后。

　　(2011·江西卷)She showed the visitors around the museum，the construction ________ had taken more than 3 years. A．for which

　　B．with which

　　C．of which

　　D．to which 答案　C　[the construction of which (the museum)构成逻辑动宾关系。]

　　热点1·2 ①For some countries in the world，it is quite usual to experience earthquakes，________ Japan is an example. A．for which

　　B．of which

　　C．in which

　　D．from which 答案　B　[考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为countries，代入为Japan is an example of which(some countries in the world)。为整体与部分的关系。] ②He was educated at the local high school，________ he went to Beijing. A．after which

　　B．after that

　　C．in which

　　D．in that 答案　A　[考查非限制性定语从句。he went to Beijing after which (he was educated)，考查介宾搭配。]

　　介词＋which/whom结构 1．介词＋which/whom 2．介词短语＋which/whom 3．介词＋which/whom＋名词 4．the＋名词＋of＋which/whom 5．表示部分的词语＋of＋which/whom

　　使用代入法(将先行词代入从句)考查介宾搭配。 ①(2011·天津卷)The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living. A．when

　　B．that

　　C．where

　　D．which 答案　A　[the days为先行词，属定语从句后移现象。] ②(山东卷)The country life he is used to ________ greatly since 1992. A．change

　　B．changing C．have changed

　　D．has changed 答案　D　[(which/that)he is used to为定语从句，分割主句，其宾语为life与后面无结构联系。]

　　热点1·3 ①He laughs best ________ laughs last. A．which

　　B．that

　　C．/

　　D．who 答案　D　[此题为定语从句后移现象，who代替先行词he。故选D。] ②With all he needed ________，he left. A．buy

　　B．to buy

　　C．bought

　　D．buying 答案　C　[考查动词的过去分词。以定语从句he needed为干扰，极易误选D。]

　　③This is the best way he can think of ________ the problems. A．solve

　　B．to solve

　　C．solved

　　D．solving 答案　B　[考查动词不定式。以定语从句think of为干扰，极易误选D。] ④He brought out all he could ________ us. A．help

　　B．to help

　　C．helped

　　D．helping 答案　B　[考查动词不定式。以定语从句all he could为干扰，极易误选D。]

　　英语常考4种分隔

　　He was the only person in the office who was invited.

　　The scientist made another discovery，which，I think，is vital. ※造成3与4分隔多为插入语 (1)介词短语如by the way；(2)副词如however，personally；(3)不定式短语如to tell the truth；(4)分词如considering；(5)整个句子如I think...

　　3．定语从句和先行词分隔 4．定语从句引导词与定语从句其它部分分隔 (陕西卷)The man pulled out a gold watch，________ were made of small diamonds. A．the hands of whom

　　B．whom the hands of C．which the hands of

　　D．the hands of which 答案　D　[先行词为watch与hands为修饰限定关系，相当于whose hands。]