2015届湖北省高三英语一轮复习学案：Unit 4《Earthquakes》（人教版必修1）

　　必修一

　　Unit 4　Earthquakes话题：

　　　经典词汇　

　　1.windy adj.　有风的2．rainy adj.

　　下雨的3．foggy adj.

　　有雾的4．cloudy adj.

　　多云的5．snowy adj.

　　下雪的6．sunny adj.

　　阳光灿烂的7．fine adj.

　　晴朗的8．warm adj.

　　温暖的9．cool adj.

　　凉快的10．cold adj.

　　冷的11．dry adj.

　　干的；干旱的12．freezing adj.

　　冰冻的；极冷的13．changeable adj.

　　易变的14．umbrella n.

　　伞15．forecast v．& n.

　　预报 16.be likely to 很可能17．global warming

　　全球变暖18．compare to/with

　　和……比

　　起来19．in general

　　总的说来20．be opposed to

　　反对21．put up with

　　忍受；容忍22．get into

　　进入23．weather forecast/report

　　天气预报24．make a difference

　　有影响；

　　有关系25．take action/measures to do sth.

　　采取措施做

　　某事

　　连词成句

　　1．make it hard, for three days, it, snow, go out (用现在分词短语作状语)

　　It_had_snowed_for_three_days,_making_it_hard_to_go_out.

　　2．force ... to ..., head for, on foot, their destinations, people, therefore (用被动语态)

　　Therefore,_people_were_forced_to_head_for_their_destinations_on_foot.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．burst vi.　爆裂；爆发n.

　　突然破裂；爆发

　　2．ruin n.

　　废墟；毁灭vt.

　　毁灭；使破产

　　3．shock vt.& vi.

　　(使)震惊；震动n.

　　休克；打击；震惊

　　4．rescue n．& vt.

　　援救；营救

　　5．trap vt.

　　使陷入困境n.

　　陷阱；困境

　　6．disaster n.

　　灾难；灾祸

　　7．bury vt.

　　埋葬；掩埋；隐藏

　　8．damage n．& vt.

　　损失；损害

　　9．event n.

　　事件；大事；比赛项目

　　10．judge n．裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决→judgement n．意见；判断力；审判

　　11．injure vt.损害；伤害→injury n．伤害；损害→injured adj.受伤的

　　12．electricity n．电；电流；电学→electric adj.用电的；带电的→electrical adj.与电有关

　　的；电学的

　　frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→frightening adj.令人恐

　　惧的

　　14．congratulation n．祝贺；(复数)贺词→congratulate vt.祝贺

　　语境记忆

　　15．In the crash, he was seriously injured. He suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.(injure)

　　16．On seeing the frightening scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying.(frighten)

　　17．The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)

　　篇章记忆

　　The whole nation was shocked by the earthquake.It was really an extremely frightening disaster.Almost everything was destroyed and people suffered a lot.What they needed are shelters and electricity.They expressed their sincere thanks to people all over the world for their immediate rescue.

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.轻视；认为……没有价值　think_little_of

　　2．结束；终结

　　at_an_end

　　3．严重受损；破败不堪

　　in_ruins

　　4．掘出；发现

　　dig_out

　　5．向……表达谢意

　　express_one's_thanks_to

　　6．a (great) number of

　　许多；大量的

　　7．be proud of

　　以……为骄傲

　　8．right away

　　立刻，马上

　　9．as if

　　仿佛；好像

　　10．in the open air

　　在户外

　　Ⅲ.句型一览 1

　　.too ... to ... 太……以至于不能……

　　In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too_nervous_to_eat (紧张得不吃食)．

　　2．It seems (seemed) as if ... 看起来好像……

　　It_seemed_as_if (看起来好像) the world was at an end!

　　3．leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语

　　Thousands of families were killed and many children were_left_without_parents (成了孤儿)．

　　4．everywhere用作连词，引导让步状语从句

　　Everywhere they looked (人们无论朝哪看) nearly everything was destroyed.

　　5．部分否定

　　All_hope_was_not (并不是所有的希望) lost.

　　.语法自测——定语从句()

　　完成句子

　　1．In 1991 Ranulph Fiennes published The Feather Men, the non­fiction book, on_which_the_film_is_based.(base)

　　这部影片是以1991年兰奴夫·费因斯发表的纪实文学作品《羽人》为基础而改编的。I want to thank my friend John, without_whose_help_I_wouldn't_have_been_saved.(without)

　　我想感谢我的朋友约翰，没有他的帮助，我就不会得救。

　　3．Sarah Brightman, who_will_fly_to_space in 2015, is the first woman to fly there in the field of music.(fly)

　　莎拉·布莱曼将于2015年飞往太空，她将是音乐界第一个飞往太空的女士。

　　The classroom is crowded with children of poor eyesight, all_of_whom_show/have_interest_in/are_interested_in painting.(interest)

　　教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。

　　1.burst

　　(burst, burst) vi.爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发

　　突然哭起来/笑起来

　　burst in/into

　　闯入；突然破门而入

　　burst out

　　突然迸发；爆发

　　burst with anger/joy

　　勃然大怒/乐不可支

　　(2)a burst of

　　一阵……

　　①Mary shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew why she was so angry.

　　玛丽重重地关上门，失声大哭，办公室里没人知道她为什么这么生气。

　　②Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.

　　门突然打开， 闯进了一群孩子。

　　【轻松识记】

　　【对点练习】

　　根据英汉提示完成小片段

　　随着一阵笑声，王熙凤一阵风似的走进了房间。她的一席谄媚的话说得贾母乐不可支。

　　With a_burst_of laughter, Wang Xifeng burst_into the room, whose flattering (谄媚的) words made Mrs. Jia burst_with_joy.

　　2.ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹 vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；使破产

　　①Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the city took on a new look.

　　遭遇一次大地震并被沦为废墟之后不久，这座城市就呈现出一个新面貌。

　　(1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟

　　come/go/fall to ruin

　　毁灭；荒废；崩溃

　　bring ... to ruin

　　使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产

　　(2)ruin oneself

　　毁掉自己；自取灭亡

　　ruin one's pleasure/fame

　　毁坏某人的乐趣/声誉

　　②They saw by the light of the moon that part of the city lay in ruins.

　　借着月色，他们可以隐约地看到城市破烂的一角。

　　【个性比较】　ruin, damage, destroy

　　ruin 指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西，事后虽然存在，但已失去了其优良的特性或特征，意思是“使毁灭；崩溃；弄糟”。用作名词意思是“毁灭；瓦解；废墟”，构成短语in ruins“成为废墟”

　　damage 指一定程度的损坏或损失，部分是可以修复的，可用作动词或名词。作名词表示抽象的“损坏；破坏”时为不可数名词，构成短语do/cause damage to sb./sth.

　　destroy 指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)

　　①The palace was destroyed completely rather than was slightly damaged,_which can't be repaired, leaving only ruins.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　②The house was empty for several years and fell_to_ruin.(fall)

　　这所房子因为好几年没有住人而荒废了。

　　③Not only did_drunk_driving_ruin_himself but also killed several passers­by.(ruin)

　　醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。

　　3.injure vt.损害；伤害

　　(1)injured adj.　受伤的

　　the injured

　　伤员

　　(2)injury n.

　　伤；伤口；伤害

　　do sb. an injury/do an injury to sb.

　　伤害某人

　　Local governments should provide necessary assistance to families whose only child has been accidentally injured or killed.

　　地方政府应该向那些独生子女意外受伤或死亡的家庭提供必要的帮助。

　　②Dog owners should be responsible if their pets do an injury to

　　other people or cause damage to their property.

　　如果狗主人的宠物伤害他人或损害他人的财产，他们应该负责任。

　　【个性比较】　injure, wound, hurt, harm

　　injure 多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害

　　wound 指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤

　　hurt 多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛

　　harm 指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害；损害；有害于”。常用短语do harm to“对……有害”

　　【语境串记】　He retired from the army because of being wounded in a fight.Soon after, he met with an accident, where he was not injured luckily but was hurt to some degree.

　　他因在战斗中受伤退伍了。不久他遭遇了一场车祸，幸运的是，他身体没有受伤，但心灵在一定程度上受了创伤。

　　【对点练习】

　　根据英汉提示完成小片段

　　这次爆炸不仅给很多当地人造成了伤害，还给环境造成了很大损害。伤者被迅速送往医院，幸运的是，他们很快康复了。

　　The explosion not only did_an_injury_to many of the local people but also did_harm_to

　　the environment. The_injured_were

　　rushed to hospital, and luckily they all recovered soon.

　　4.rescue n．& vt.援救；营救

　　(1)a rescue team　 营救队

　　come/go to sb.'s rescue

　　前来(去)救某人

　　(2)rescue sb. from ... 　把某人从……中解救出来

　　rescue sth. from sth.

　　营救某物免于某事

　　①“Never for a second”， the boy says, “did I doubt that my father would come to my rescue”．

　　这个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过我爸爸会来救我。”

　　②The whole family were rescued from the fire.

　　全家都已从大火中被营救出来。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①The failing company is hoping international banks will_come_to_the_rescue.(come)

　　这家即将倒闭的公司希望国际银行会给予援助。

　　②After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team was_rescued four days later.(rescue)

　　迷失在暴风雨四天后，一名海军成员被救起。

　　5.trap vt.使陷入困境；诱骗 n．陷阱

　　(1)be trapped in ... 　被困在……中trap sb. into (doing) sth.

　　诱使某人做某事(2)fall into a trap

　　落入圈套set a trap for sb.

　　给某人设圈套

　　①A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue those trapped in the building.

　　许多战士被派往那里救援被困在建筑物里的人。

　　②They set a trap for him and he walked right into it.

　　他们设下圈套，他果然落入其中。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.用trap及其相关短语的适当形式填空

　　①正如古时候人们用陷阱诱捕动物一样，彼得给玛丽设了圈套，而她真的中计了。

　　As ancient people used traps to trap animals, Peter set_a_trap_for Mary and she really fell_into it.

　　Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　②The brave soldiers were determined to save all the people trapped (trap) in the flooded mine.

　　③Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still wore a smile, waiting to be rescued.

　　④The shopkeeper trapped me into buying (buy) their poor quality milk.

　　6.bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏

　　bury ... in ...　把……埋入……

　　in (doing) sth.　埋头于/专心于(做)某事

　　bury one's face in one's hands　双手掩面

　　①Ever since he moved there, he has buried himself in/has been buried in his research work.

　　自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。

　　②She buried her face in her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.

　　当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。

　　【联想发散】表示“专注于某事”的动词短语还有：be absorbed

　　in,_be devoted to,_be lost in,_focus on,_concentrate on等。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.完成句子

　　①In the explosion, some workers who_were_buried_alive for hours were rescued at last.(bury)

　　在那次爆炸事件中，那些被活埋长达几个小时的工人最终获救了。

　　②Buried_in_his_books,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(bury)

　　因为埋头苦学，他不知道外面在下雨。

　　Ⅱ.句式升级

　　③Burying_himself_in_his_books,_he didn't know it was raining outside.(使用现在分词作状语改写练习②)

　　7.judge v．断定；判断；判决 n．裁判员；法官；评判员

　　judge ... from/by ... 　从……来判断

　　judge sb./sth. to be ...

　　判断某人/事……

　　as far as I can judge

　　据我判断；我认为

　　judging by/from

　　从……上看；根据……判断

　　①Every 500 yards or so, he raised his head to judge his progress.

　　每500码左右，他抬起头判断一下他的进程。

　　②According to what he said, we can judge him to be an honest boy.

　　根据他所说的话，我们可以判断他是一个诚实的男孩。

　　【语境串记】 　

　　Judging from his clothes, I judge that he is a judge.

　　从他的服装判断，我断定他是个法官。

　　【对点练习】

　　完成句子

　　①Judged_as_a_responsible_person,_Tony was appointed head of the department.(judge)

　　Tony被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部门主管。

　　②Judging_by/from_her_last_letter,_ they are having a wonderful time.(judge)

　　从她上封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。

　　8.at an end 结束；终结

　　①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.

　　我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。

　　②Our hunt for a cheaper but larger house is at last at an end.

　　我们想寻找一幢便宜些但要大些的房子的事终于有了结果。

　　【关键一点】　at an end在句中多在be后作表语。

　　(1)at the end of　在……尽头/末端(指时间或空间的一个终点)

　　by the end of

　　到……结束时；到……时候为止 (常与完成时态连用)

　　in the end

　　最后；终于

　　come to an end

　　结束

　　put/bring sth. to an end

　　结束……

　　make (both) ends meet

　　使收支相抵；量入为出

　　put an end to sth.

　　结束；终结

　　(2)end up with

　　以……结束

　　③Being out of work and having two young children, they found it impossible to make ends meet.

　　他们失业了，还要养活两个小孩，他们发现无法维持起码的收支平衡。

　　④Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end up with sweet dreams

　　你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，即可获得美梦。

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空

　　①By_the_end_of last year, he had learned two thousand English words.

　　②His life returned to normal after the war came_to_an_end.

　　③They didn't know how to put_an_end_to the quarrel.

　　④I must warn you that my patience is almost at_an_end.

　　9.a (great) number of 许多；大量的

　　①Now a (great) number of college graduates are seeking to get a high­paid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.

　　如今很多大学毕业生在努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。

　　②Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.

　　充足的新鲜空气有助于健康。

　　【关键一点】　

　　(1)“large quantities of＋可数名词复数/不可数名词”作主语以及“large amounts of＋不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

　　(2)“a number of＋可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用复数，“许多……；大量……”； “the number of＋可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数，“……的数目”。如果说“数量多或少”，要用large, small，而不用many, few。

　　＋可数名词单数＋谓语(单数形式)

　　【对点练习】

　　用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　①Many a famous pop star was_ruined (ruin) by drugs last year.

　　②Large amounts of money are_spent (spend) on advertisements every year.

　　③Large quantities of water have_been_piped (pipe) to the dry area since last year.

　　④The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has_been_rising (rise) steadily since 1990.

　　【基础点专练】

　　　①right away立刻，马上

　　同义词或短语：

　　at once/right now/in no time/in a minute/immediately/without delay

　　②shock vt.& vi.

　　(使)震惊；震动

　　n.

　　休克；打击；震惊

　　a (great) shock to sb.

　　令人震惊的事

　　shocked adj.

　　(主语多为人)感到吃惊的，感到惊讶的

　　be shocked at/by ...

　　对……感到震惊

　　be shocked to do sth.

　　对做某事感到震惊

　　be shocked that ...

　　对……感到震惊

　　shocking adj.

　　(主语多为物)令人气愤的；令人惊讶的

　　frighten vt.

　　使惊吓；吓唬

　　frighten ... away/off

　　把……吓跑

　　frighten sb. into (doing) sth.

　　把某人吓得做某事

　　be frightened at

　　看到/听到……吓一跳

　　④congratulation n.

　　祝贺；(复数)贺词

　　Congratulations!

　　向你祝贺！

　　send/offer congratulations to sb. on sth.

　　祝贺某人某事

　　congratulate vt.

　　祝贺；道贺

　　congratulate sb.(on sth.)

　　(因某事)祝贺某人

　　　【对点练习】

　　　选词填空

　　He left his gun outside so his wife was not frightened_at it.

　　②The news of his death was a_shock_to

　　us.

　　③I'm getting in touch with him right_away.

　　④That's great news — please offer_congratulations_to her.

　　1.It seemed as_if the world was at an end!

　　仿佛到了世界末日！

　　【句型透视】as if(＝ as though)在句中引导表语从句；也可以引导状语从句。

　　类型 表语从句 接在动词look, seem之后

　　状语从句 接在常见的实义动词之后

　　陈述语气 所述的是真实的或极有可能发生的

　　虚拟语气 所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生的

　　与现在事实相反 过去时(be动词用were)

　　与过去事实相反 过去完成时(had done)

　　与将来事实相反 过去将来时(would/could/might do)

　　It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.

　　好像除了我之外其他人都交了朋友，他们都玩得很愉快。

　　It looks as if it isn't clean enough to swim here.

　　看起来这儿的水好像不干净，不宜游泳。

　　When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken.

　　当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去就好像断了一样。

　　【关键一点】　如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。

　　The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg.

　　这个足球运动员在操场上打着滚，似乎他的腿伤得很厉害。

　　【对点练习】

　　Ⅰ.用所给动词(短语)的适当形式填空

　　①Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is_going_to_rain (rain). Let's hurry up.

　　②They talked as if (as though) they had_been (be) friends for years.

　　③She walked here and there on the playground as if looking_for (look for) something.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　④Don't handle the vase as_if_it_were_made_of steel.(make)

　　不要把花瓶像它似乎是钢制的一样来拿。

　　⑤Look, Rose is sitting at the corner alone silently.It seems as_if_she_is_crying.(as)

　　看，Rose独自默默地坐在角落里。她似乎在哭泣。

　　2.All hope was not lost.

　　不是所有的希望都破灭了。

　　【句型透视】(1)当not与all, both, each, every, everyone, everything, whole, always等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时，无论not的位置如何，皆表示不完全否定，意为“并非都”。

　　All these books are not popular with people.

　　＝ Not all these books are popular with people.

　　这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。

　　(2)no, none, no one, neither, nothing, nowhere等表示完全否定。

　　Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.

　　我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。

　　【对点练习】

　　句型转换

　　①Every boy is not interested in sports.

　　→Not every boy is interested in sports.

　　②Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.

　　→Not both of the two math problems are very difficult.

　　③Not all of them were allowed to go there.(变为全部否定)

　　→None of them were allowed to go there.

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．The building was completely destroyed (破坏) by fire.

　　2．After the war they saved those who were alive and buried (埋葬) the dead.

　　3．They were trapped (使陷入困境) in a deep hole and couldn't get out.

　　4．A water pipe burst (爆裂) and the entire apartment was flooded.

　　5．They were shocked (震惊) by the news that ten people were killed in the accident.

　　6．Without electricity (电), life would not be so convenient today.

　　7．In my judgement (判断), it is a wise choice.

　　8．Clearly, the old woman was in extreme (极度的) pain.

　　9．①While crossing the road, an old man was knocked down by a car and badly injured (受伤的)．

　　②Luckily, all the passengers in the vehicle escaped injury (伤害)．

　　10．①Perhaps I have not expressed (表达) myself very well.

　　②She had a puzzled expression (表情) on her face.

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　1．The strong earthquake left the city in_ruins merely in several seconds.

　　2．He burst_into the room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.

　　3．It seemed as_if everybody was in danger.

　　4．Judging_from the situation, there were a number of trapped people waiting for rescue.

　　5．All hope was not lost, because the soldiers were soon sent to help them.

　　6．The guy is always making phone calls to her, but she thinks_little_of him.

　　7．As the farmer ploughed the field, he dug_out a pot of jewelry.

　　8．We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to_be_settled next time.

　　Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。

　　2．水管爆裂，电力中断。

　　3．这个地区发生了地震，似乎每个人都处于危险中。

　　4．有些人受伤，有些人埋在废墟下，还有些人失踪。

　　5．从那时的情况判断，还有大量的被困群众等待着救援。

　　6．并不是所有希望都破灭了。

　　7．很快军队就被派来帮助他们。

　　One night, everything began to shake, with the pipes burst and the electricity cut off. An earthquake struck the city and it seemed as if everybody was in danger. Some people were injured, some buried in the ruins and some missing. Judging from the situation, there were a number of trapped people waiting for rescue. But all hope was not lost, because soldiers were soon sent to help them.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．Accidental deaths have decreased obviously since the police launched a(n) ______ to reduce road accidents.

　　A．event　B．battle

　　C．fight

　　D．campaign

　　解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从警察开展减少道路交通事故的运动以来，意外死亡已经明显降低。launch a campaign“开展一场运动”，符合句意。event“(尤指重要、有意思或不寻常的)事件”；battle“战役”；fight“战斗”。

　　2．Jewish Americans are ________ successful in the fields of business,

　　entertainment and science.Twenty­five percent of the 400 wealthiest Americans are Jewish Americans.

　　A．completely

　　B．extremely

　　C．eventually

　　D．unconditionally

　　解析：选B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：犹太裔美国人在商业、娱乐和科学领域极其成功，在400个最富有的美国人中，有25%是犹太裔美国人。extremely“极其；极度”，符合句意。completely“完全地”；eventually“终于；最终”；unconditionally“无条件地”。

　　3．It was a great ________ to the world that the US wiretapping scandal was exposed.

　　A．attack

　　B．shock

　　C．burst

　　D．pleasure

　　解析：选B　句意：美国的监听丑闻被曝光让全世界大为震惊。根据句意可知，此处shock意为“一件令人震惊的事”。

　　4．Our English teacher often tells us that the meaning of a new word may be ________ according to the given context.

　　A．dug out

　　B．ruled out

　　C．brought out D．taken out

　　解析：选C　句意：我们的英语老师经常告诉我们一个新单词的意思可以由语境显现出来。bring out“使显现；使表现出”，符合句意。

　　5．Some parents are just too protective. They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.

　　A．spot

　　B．dismiss

　　C．shelter

　　D．distinguish

　　解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的还是想象的。spot“认出；发现”；dismiss“开除；解散”；distinguish“区分”，都不符合语意。

　　6．Thanks to the great efforts by netizens and the journalists' determination to ________ the truth, anti­corruption has been accelerating.

　　A．take out

　　B．check out

　　C．pick out

　　D．dig out

　　解析：选D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于网民的努力和记者挖掘真相的决心，反腐工作加快了。dig out“找出；发掘”，符合句意。take out“获得”；check out“核实；检查(是否一切正常)”；pick out“精心挑选”。

　　7．He's going to relax with friends once the exams are ________ and he has exciting plans for the summer holidays.

　　A．at the end

　　B．by the end

　　C．in the end

　　D．at an end

　　解析：选D　考查短语辨析。句意：考试一旦结束，他将与朋友一起放松休息，他已有令人兴奋的暑假计划。at an end “结束”，符合句意。

　　8．Many public advertisements are broadcast on TV to ________ the massage that we should be friendly to environment.

　　A．get over

　　B．get across

　　C．get along

　　D．get away

　　解析：选B　句意：许多公益广告在电视里播放以传达一个信息：我们应该爱护环境。get across“传达”。get over“克服”；get along“进展”；get away“摆脱”。

　　9．You will ________ your chances of getting a pay rise if you don't work harder than others.

　　A．forecast

　　B．wound

　　C．harm

　　D．ruin

　　解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。ruin可用其引申含义，意为“毁坏；损害”，此时其宾语通常是health, fame, chance等。forecast“预测”； wound侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等； harm指“对……有害”。所以选D。

　　10．)It's a pity that you have to leave so soon.I ________ hope that you will come back.

　　A．sincerely

　　B．hardly

　　C．strongly

　　D．obviously

　　解析：选A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：您得这么早就离开，真让人感到遗憾，我真诚地希望您再回来。sincerely“真诚地”，符合句意。hardly“几乎不”； strongly“强烈地”； obviously“明显地”。

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．Having stayed in hospital for two months, he felt as_if/though_he_was_cut_off from the outside world.(cut)

　　他在医院住了两个月的院，感觉自己像与世隔绝了一样。

　　2．Maria has written two novels, both_of_which_have_been_made into television series.(make)

　　Maria已经写了两部小说，这两部小说都已经被制作成了电视剧。

　　3．The rescue team has saved more than thirty people trapped_under_the_collapsed_buildings since the earthquake occurred.(trap)

　　自从地震发生以来，救援队已经救出了三十多个被困在垮塌建筑物下的人。

　　4．I was about to go shopping when_a_stranger_burst_into my house.(burst)

　　我正要出去购物，突然一个陌生人闯进我的房子。

　　5．The police are searching for the murderer with the_dog_leading_the_way.(lead)

　　由狗在前带路，警方正在搜索那个杀人犯。

　　6．Be careful because the ice is too_thin_to_support your weight.(support)

　　当心，因为冰太薄了承受不了你的重量。

　　7．I just wouldn't like to leave/have/make_you_frustrated by this failure as well.(frustrate)

　　我只是不想让你们也因为这次失败而觉得沮丧。

　　8．The nation were_greatly_shocked_by the news that the famous film star was killed in the accident.(shock)

　　全国人民对那个著名电影明星死于车祸的消息感到很震惊。

　　9．As far as I know, never before in history was_a_city_destroyed so completely.(destroy)

　　据我所知，历史上从来没有一个城市被如此彻底的摧毁。

　　10．It was at the bookstore around the corner that_I_spotted this dictionary, and I took it on the spot.(spot)

　　我是在拐角的那家书店看到这本词典的，我当场就买了。

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　About ten years ago when I was an undergraduate in college, I was working as an intern at my University's Museum of Natural History. One day while __1__ at the cash register (收银机) in the gift shop, I saw an elderly __2__ come in with a little girl in a __3__.

　　As I looked __4__ at this girl, I saw that she was kind of perched (困在) on her chair. I then __5__ she had no arms or legs, __6__ a head, neck and torso (躯干). She was wearing a little white dress __7__ small red dots.

　　As the couple __8__ her up to me I was looking down at the register. I __9__ my head toward the girl and gave her a wink (眨眼). As I took the __10__ from her grandparents, I looked back at the girl, who was giving me the cutest, largest __11__ I have ever seen. All of a __12__ her handicap was __13__ and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost __14__ gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. She took me from a poor __15__ college student and __16__ me into her world — a world of smiles, love and __17__.

　　That was ten years ago. I'm a successful business person now and whenever I __18__ and think of the __19__ of the world, I think about that little girl and the remarkable __20__ about life that she taught me.

　　1．A. studyingB．sparing

　　C．looking

　　D．working

　　解析：选D　根据上句话中的“I was working as an intern”可知，作者是在这里工作，故答案选D。

　　2．A. wife

　　B．couple

　　C．husband

　　D．friend

　　解析：选B　根据第三段第一句中的“couple”和第三段中的“her grandparents”可知，此处应用couple一词。故答案选B。

　　3．A .case

　　B．bicycle

　　C．wheelchair

　　D．car

　　解析：选C　根据故事发生的场合和下文对女孩的描述可知，女孩是个没有四肢的残疾人，由此可知，她是坐在轮椅上的，故答案选C，意为“轮椅”。根据第二段第一句中的“on her chair”也可推出答案。

　　4．A. closer

　　B．farther

　　C．sharply

　　D．anxiously

　　解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指这个女孩子到了作者跟前，作者能够更近地看到她，故答案选A，意为“更近地”。B“更远地，更深层次地”；C“敏锐地”；D“焦急地”。

　　5．A. recognized

　　B．realized

　　C．displayed

　　D．heard

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者意识到这个小女孩没有胳膊和腿。A“辨认出”；B“意识到”；C“展示”；D“听到”。故答案选B。

　　6．A. hardly

　　B．nearly

　　C．almost

　　D．just

　　解析：选D　此处表示：她只有头、脖子和躯干，故答案选D，意为“仅仅”。

　　7．A. on

　　B．in

　　C．with

　　D．for

　　解析：选C　句意为：她穿着一件带有小红点的白色衣服。with在此处意为“具有，带有”，符合语境。故答案选C。

　　8．A. removed

　　B．wheeled

　　C．hurried

　　D．lifted

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，小女孩坐在轮椅上，所以这对夫妇应该是推着小女孩，故答案选B，意为“推，拉(有轮之物)”。A“去掉，拿掉”；C“匆忙”；D“举起”。

　　9．A.turned

　　B．waved

　　C．shook

　　D．sank

　　解析：选A　根据语境可知，作者正在低头看着收银机，看到小女孩过来时，将目光转向了她，turn符合语境，故答案选A。

　　10．A.paper

　　B．money

　　C．gift

　　D．document

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，这对夫妇过来结账，所以此处作者收的是钱，故答案选B。

　　11．A.appearance

　　B．face

　　C．smile

　　D．surprise

　　解析：选C　根据下文中的“whose smile just melted me”可知，给作者留下深刻印象的正是小女孩美丽的微笑，故答案选C。

　　12．A. shake

　　B．sudden

　　C．surprise

　　D．shock

　　解析：选B　all of a sudden是固定短语，意为“突然，一下子”，符合语境。故答案选B。此处指作者一下子被小女孩的微笑打动了。

　　13．A. gone

　　B．returned

　　C．rewarded

　　D．recovered

　　解析：选A　根据下句可知，作者眼里看到的不再是她的残缺，而是美丽的微笑，故答案选A，意为“消失不见的”，此处gone为形容词。

　　14．A. probably

　　B．eventually

　　C．especially

　　D．instantly

　　解析：选D　此处与上文中“All of a ________”相照应，表示“立刻，马上”，故答案选D。A“可能”；B“最终”；C“尤其”。

　　15．A. excited

　　B．unhappy

　　C．frightened

　　D．confident

　　解析：选B　根据“poor”可知，所选词应为贬义词；结合语境可知，答案选B，意为“不高兴”。A“兴奋的”；C“害怕的”；D“自信的”。

　　16．A. brought

　　B．forced

　　C．drew

　　D．carried

　　解析：选A　句意为：她将我这样一个不快乐的穷学生带到了她的世界里。bring ... into意为“把……带入”，符合语境。故答案选A。B“强迫”；C“拖拉”；D“搬运”。

　　17．A .coldness

　　B．warmth

　　C．sadness

　　D．regret

　　解析：选B　根据“love”可知，所选词应该是褒义词，故答案选B，意为“温暖”，与上文中“melted”相照应。

　　18．A. calm down

　　B．stand out

　　C．break down

　　D．turn out

　　解析：选A　句意为：我现在是一名成功的商人，并且每当我静下来想到这个世界上的烦心事时，我就会想起那个女孩子，以及她给我上的那堂不同寻常的人生课。A项意为“平静下来”，符合语境。B“出众，显眼”；C“(身体)垮掉，(情绪)失控”；D“结果表明是，证明是”。故答案选A。

　　19．A. intervals

　　B．laughter

　　C．troubles

　　D．lectures

　　解析：选C　此处作者要说明小女孩的微笑对他的影响，如同第一次他不快乐时小女孩的微笑让他振作起来一样，所以选C项，此处指作者遇到的麻烦。A“间隔”；B“笑”；D“演讲”。

　　20．A. lesson

　　B．movement

　　C．gesture

　　D．habit

　　解析：选A　根据语境可知，小女孩的微笑让作者对生活有了新的认识，所以小女孩给作者上了一堂不同寻常的人生课，故答案选A。

　　Ⅳ.阅读理解

　　The forces that make Japan one of the world's most earthquake­prone (有地震倾向的) countries could become part of its long­term energy solution.

　　Water from deep below the ground at Japan's tens of thousands of hot springs could be used to produce electricity.

　　Although Japanese high­tech companies are leaders in geothermal (地热的) technology and export it, its use is limited in the nation.

　　“Japan should no doubt make use of its resources of geothermal energy，” said Yoshiyasu Takefuji, a leading researcher of thermal­electric power production.

　　The disastrous earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011 caused a reaction against atomic power, which previously made up 30 percent of Japan's energy needs, and increased interest in alternative energies, which accounted for only 8 percent.

　　Artist Yoko Ono has called on Japan to explore its natural energy, following the example of Iceland which uses renewable energy for more than 80 percent of its needs.

　　For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan, which has for decades relied heavily on fossil fuels and atomic power.

　　The biggest problem to geothermal energy is the high initial cost of the exploration and constructing the factories. Another problem is that Japan's potentially best sites are already being developed for tourism or are located within national parks where construction is forbidden.

　　“We can't even dig 10 cm inside national parks，” said Shigeto Yamada of Fuji Electric, adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow.

　　Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, “Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades­long project. We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term.”

　　The Earth Policy Institute in Washington, US, believed Japan could produce 8,000 megawatts (兆瓦) and meet more than half its electricity needs with geothermal technology.

　　Japanese giants such as Toshiba are already global leaders in geothermal technology, with a 70 percent market share. In 2010, Fuji Electric built the world's largest geothermal factory in New Zealand.

　　1．What would be the best title for the text?

　　A．Alternative energies in Japan

　　B．World's largest geothermal plant

　　C．Japan takes the lead in geothermal technology

　　D．Japan thinks of geothermal energy

　　解析：选D　标题归纳题。根据文章第三段的导入和倒数第三段最后一句“We also have to think about what to do for now as energy supplies will decline in the short term”， 以及对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的“日本正在考虑如何使用地热”的问题，所以D项最适合做文章的标题。

　　2．What percentage of Japan's energy needs is geothermal energy?

　　A．About 8%.

　　B．Below 1%.

　　C．Around 30%.

　　D．Over 80%.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第七段“For now, geothermal energy makes up less than 1 percent of the energy needs in Japan ...”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　3．According to Shigeto Yamada, the growth of geothermal power in Japan needs ________.

　　A．a change of rules

　　B．financial support

　　C．local people's help

　　D．high technology

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第四段中的“adding that regulations protecting nature would need to be relaxed for geothermal energy to grow”可推知，答案A符合文意。

　　4．Geothermal energy is considered as a long­term program by ________.

　　A．Yoshiyasu Takefuji

　　B．Hideaki Matsui

　　C．Shigeto Yamada

　　D．Yoko Ono

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Researcher Hideaki Matsui said, ‘Producing electricity using hot springs is a decades­long project ...’”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　完形填空解题技法(二)　上下文暗示解题法

　　在完形填空选项的设置上多考查学生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。因此，在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。开头的题目需要从下文查找信息；中间或最后的试题需要从上下文查找信息。信息常见的四种暗示法：(1)语境暗示法；(2)关键句暗示法；(3)关键词暗示法；(4)关键短语暗示法。

　　1．Then I __33__ (closed) my eyes and

　　myself for his

　　of __34__.Instead, he said “” to __35__ (comfort) me before he disappeared into the washroom.

　　34．A. bitterness　 　B．anxiety

　　C．anger

　　D．sorrow

　　2．We have been driving in fog all morning, .The little seaside villages are __36__， one by one.

　　36．A. appearing

　　B．moving

　　C．exposing

　　D．expanding

　　3．No one __41__ the concepts. Except for Joe. He

　　them and answered all the questions .

　　41．A. challenged

　　B．grasped

　　C．doubted

　　D．admitted

　　4．)Soon math time was followed by the time for __43__. All children naturally

　　__44__ (dark)

　　on such a day. Except for Joe.

　　43．A. class

　　B．sports

　　C．art

　　D．tea

　　5．)Though he never made it to the top, his math teacher was always __46__ and

　　about the change: ？

　　46．A. worried

　　B．amazed

　　C．friendly

　　D．cautious

　　6．)So__52__ and ， she didn't go any further.

　　52．A. anxious

　　B．angry

　　C．serious

　　D．sad

　　7．)， (带子)got __28__ on

　　and

　　__29__(from) my hands and went flying in the air.

　　28．A. fixed

　　B．caught

　　C．cut

　　D．tied

　　8．)Lise was one of the ， __39__ from house to house in childhood.

　　39．A.passed

　　B．raised

　　C．moved

　　D．sent

　　9.) We soon __42__(pull up)by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories __43__ back, .

　　43．A .falling

　　B．turning

　　C．rushing

　　D．bringing

　　10．)I can still see the

　　family __48__ into and out of the house. I could never have enough of being __49__ (with) them.

　　48．A. marching

　　B．looking

　　C．breaking

　　D．pouring,

　　1.解析：语境暗示法。作者本以为对方很生气，闭上眼睛，为对方的大发雷霆(anger)做好了准备，对方却说了句“没关系”来安慰作者。选C。

　　2．解析：关键句暗示法。 “the fog is lifting now”意为：雾正在消散。由此可知：海边的小村庄正在一个接一个地“显现(appear)”出来。选A。

　　3．解析：关键词暗示法。understood“理解”和correctly“正确地”所在句子的句意为：乔理解了所有概念并且答对了所有问题。由此可以判断除乔外没人“掌握(grasp)”这些概念。选B。

　　4．解析：关键短语暗示法。由下句的“drew __44__(dark)pictures”可知在数学课后，学生开始上艺术课。选C。

　　5．解析：关键句暗示法。下面老师的疑惑“Why had that stormy day changed Joe？(为什么那个暴风雨的天气改变了乔？)”暗示了老师对于这件事情感到“吃惊”；同时“curious(好奇的)”又印证了这一点。选B。

　　6．解析：关键词暗示法。and为并列连词，52空后并列的形容词“heart­broken (伤心的)”暗示了小女孩心里很难过。选D。

　　7．解析：语境暗示法。作者运气差，所端的托盘滑落；文章出现了“my purse strap (带子)”和“a chair”；此语境暗示了钱包带子被椅子挂住了。选B。

　　8．解析：关键短语暗示法。上半句的“mobile children (流动儿童)”暗示了Lise在孩童时期总是从一个住所搬到另一个住所；move ...to ...意为“从……搬到……”。选C。

　　9．解析：关键短语暗示法。后半句“swift as the tide (潮水)”暗示了作者记忆“涌现(rush)”。选C。

　　10．解析：关键词暗示法。“enthusiastic (有活力的)”暗示了这家人是有活力的，所以是“涌进涌出房子(pour into and out of the house)”。选D。