2015届高考英语一轮复习配套课件：M6 Unit 4《Helping people around the world》（译林版）

　　2、work on

　　继续工作，从事 ◆It is known that this scientist has been working on this problem for about ten years.

　　人们知道，这位科学家研究这一问题已达10年之久。 work on 还可表示“奏效”、“激起”、“努力说服”等意思。 ◆Wine will work on his emotion.

　　酒会使他情绪激动。 work out 算出，解答出；健身。 ◆I believe that you can work out this problem by yourself.

　　我相信你能自己解答这道难题。 ◆We hadn't expected that our evening party could work out so well.

　　我们从没想到我们的晚会会是如此的成功。 ①苏珊决定不在家里做这个方案，因为她怕她父母知道她在干什么。

　　Susan decided not to ________________ at home because she didn't want her parents to know what she was doing.

　　①work on the program ②一切都依计划而行。

　　Everything according to the plan.

　　　②has worked out ③他每隔一天去体育馆健身一次。 He goes to the gym 　 every other day. 　③to work out

　　3、辨析 if only, only if (1)if only 如果……多好，要是……就好了。常用虚拟语气。 ◆If only one had an unlimited supply of money.

　　要是能财源不断就好了。 (2)only if 只有当……，只有在……的时候。引导的是客观条件状语从句，若这个从句位于句首，主句需要用部分倒装语序。 ◆Only if I get a job in the summer will I have enough money to go on my education next term.

　　我只有在暑假打到一份工，下学期才会有足够的学费(上学)。 ①只有当学生得到了老师的准许后才可以进入教室。 __________ a teacher has given permission is a student

　　allowed to enter the classroom.

　　①Only if　 ②我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。

　　__________ I had listened to my parents. ②If only 4、break down

　　出毛病，不运转；(身体)垮掉；失败；遭受失败；中止，分解 ◆The workers are having a rest, as the machine is broken down.

　　由于机器出了故障，工人们暂时在休息。 ◆You will one day break down if you are always working so hard.

　　如果你总是如此辛勤地劳动，总有一天会病倒的。

　　break away 突然离开 　break away from sb. 脱离，离开，背弃 　break in 闯进，打断 　break in/with/on 打断某人的谈话 　break into… 闯入，侵占 　break…into pieces 打碎

　　break off 折断，突然中断；脱落；断绝；解除 　break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发；叫嚷；使做准备，取出，倒空 　break through… 突破 　break up 开垦，破碎，解散，分解 　break sb.'s heart 使某人心碎 ①Plastics and other similar rubbish that doesn't __________ (分解) may be thrown into the sea. ①break down ②Old­fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ______ in disasters.(2017·福建)

　　A. turn down

　　B. turn out

　　C. break down

　　D. break out ②C　turn down拒绝；关小，调低(音量等)；turn out证明是，结果是，原来是；生产，制造；break down出故障；破裂；坍塌；(健康、精神)垮下来；中止，停顿；拆开，拆散；(化合物等)分解；break out(战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发。根据句意“当无线网络在发生灾难出故障时，老式电话就有用了。”选C。 5、under the umbrella of

　　在……的保护下；在……的管理下 ◆The action was taken under the umbrella of the government.

　　这个行动是在政府的保护下进行的。

　　under 表示“处于……状态” 　under way 在进行中 　under construction 在建设中 　under repair 在维修中 　under control 在控制中 这一新国家是在联合国的政治保护下建立起来的。 The new country was formed the United

　　Nations. under the political umbrella of 1、I am very happy to have been chosen to be a Goodwill Ambassador for them. 我很高兴入选成为联合国的一名亲善大使。 to have been chosen为不定式的完成式的被动式。当主语与不定式动词有被动关系，且不定式所表示的动作又先于谓语动词动作发生时，动词不定式就要用完成式的被动式。 ◆The book is said to have been translated into many languages.

　　据说这本书被译成很多种语言。 ◆He is very sad to have lost four bikes in less than one year.

　　他因不到一年就丢了4部自行车而感到很伤心。 is said to have bought 据说列奥纳多·达·芬奇将关在笼子里的鸟买下来，将鸟 释放从而获得乐趣。 Leonardo da Vinci birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. 2、Instead of sand blowing everywhere, there is mud and water everywhere, making it difficult to travel from place to place. 并不是到处风沙，而是到处有淤泥和水，使得从一个地方到另一个地方很难。 句中making 表示结果状语。 At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, making up around 4 percent of national total. 在2004年底，在中国大约有6000家外国印刷企业，占了我国所有印刷企业的4%。 making 风势已减弱，做帆船运动较为安全了。 The wind has moderated, sailing safer. 3、It seems that many people here just need to talk, so I am finding that my job is not limited to being a nurse.

　　看起来这些人好像只需要说话，因此我发现我的工作不只局限为一名护士。　 seem的基本意思是“似乎；好像；仿佛；看来”等，可作不及物动词或系动词。seem句型归纳如下： (1)seem可与形容词、名词、不定式(短语)、分词及介词短语搭配。 ◆She seems quite happy today.

　　今天她似乎很高兴。(形容词) ◆That seems a good idea. 那似乎是个好主意。(名词) ◆He seems to be thinking about something. 他似乎正在考虑某事。(不定式) ◆He seemed pleased at what I said. 听了我的话，他似乎很高兴。(分词) ◆They seemed in high spirits.

　　他们似乎情绪高涨。(介词短语) (2)seem常用于it作形式主语的结构，即It seems / seemed that… 表示“看来……，似乎……”。 ◆It seems that nobody knew what had happened. 似乎没人知道发生了什么事。 (3) seem常用于由as if / though引导的从句中。在as if / though引起的从句中，如果说的是非真实的情况，从句谓语用虚拟语气；如果所述的情况实现的可能性较大，则从句的谓语常用陈述语气。 ◆It seems as if somebody is calling you. 好像有人在叫你。(陈述语气) ◆It seems as though he were very stupid. 看来他似乎很笨。(虚拟语气) (4) 用于There seems / seemed ＋ to be ＋ n．(主语)中。在这一结构中，seem表示“似乎有；看来有”。 ◆There seems to be a lot of things to do. ＝It seems as if there were a lot of things to do. 似乎有很多事情要做。 这一结构的否定形式为“There seems / seemed to be ＋ no ＋ n．”或“There doesn't / didn't seem to be ＋ n．”。 ◆There seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to be admitted into colleges or universities. 在中国高中学生录取上大学似乎有很大的竞争。 Module6·Unit 4 Helping people around the world 1、lack n. 缺乏，没有 (常与介词of连用) ◆Many people can't afford to buy a house because of lack of money.

　　因为缺钱，许多人买不起房子。 vt. 缺乏，缺少，没有 (不用于被动语态) vi. 缺乏(＋in); 需要 (＋for) ◆The plants lack water; please water them, or they'll die.

　　这些植物缺水；请浇水，否则它们会死的。 ◆He is young; he is still lacking in experience.

　　他年轻，还缺少经验。 ①Many of our young workers ________ proper training.

　　A. are lacking in

　　B. are lacking

　　C. lack for

　　D. lacking A ②More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.

　　A. in search of

　　B. in place of

　　C. for lack of

　　D. for fear of

　　C　短语辨析。in search of 寻找； in place of 代替； for lack of 因缺乏； for fear of 生怕，以免。句意：大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦，因为缺乏空间。 2、worthy adj. 有价值的， 可尊敬的， 值得的， 配得上的 ◆This is a worthy English­Chinese dictionary.

　　这是一本有价值的英汉词典。 ◆It was difficult to find words worthy of that occasion.

　　很难找到适合于那种场合的言词。 worth, worthy, worthwhile 这些词均可表示“值得的”之意。 worth 前置词，后接名词或相当于名词的词，指做某事有一定价值或意义。 worthy 形容词，与worth同义，但搭配不相同，be worthy of＋n.; be worthy of being done; be worthy to be done。 worthwhile 形容词，用作表语或定语，指某事物是值得的，或某事是值得做的。 ①她说她不配接受他们给予的荣誉。 She said she was not worthy 　 the

　　honor they had offered her.

　　①to accept　 ②This is a question 　.

　　这是一个值得讨论的问题。 ②worthy discussing 3、remind vt. 使记住，提醒

　　◆We must send a letter to remind him of the deadline of the task. 我们必须写信提醒他任务的最后期限。 ◆ They reminded me that they had promised to buy me a car. 他们使我想到，他们承诺过给我买车。 ◆ Be sure to remind her to come back early. 你一定要提醒她早点回来。 ①He got a letter from his mother,

　　which

　　　(使他想起了家)． ①reminded him of his home ②His words remind me ________ we did together during the past holiday.

　　A. that

　　B. of that

　　C. what

　　D. of what ②D　remind sb. of sb./sth. 使某人想起某人或某事。what在句中引导宾语从句，并在句中作宾语。 ③Mary, I ________ John of his promise to help you.

　　A. told

　　B. reminded

　　C. warned

　　D. advised ③B　考查动词的辨析。句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind…of… 就……提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起……；warn含有“警告”的意思。

　　④Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his own dreams.

　　A. reminding

　　B. to remind

　　C. reminded

　　D. remind ④C　remind和himself构成动宾关系，即remind sb. of sth.; 故用reminded。reminded作宾语补足语。句意：Michael把姚明的相片挂在床边以提醒自己不要忘了自己的梦想。

　　4、辨析 approach, means, way, method approach方法，方式；通常指抽象意义上的方法。结构为：approach ＋ to ＋ n. / doing。 (2) means (单复数同形)可以指人或物，其含义为“手段”或“工具”；这个词不仅用于具体的东西，也可以用于抽象的意念。 (3) way 是个通用的词。由于way常出现在许多固定的词组中，way往往是指可能性，而不是说明用什么方式；另外do sth. in this way 中的 way 即 method 的意思，但并不用 method。 (4) method 所表示的“方法”可以指做某件事的具体步骤或程序，也可以指抽象概念“条理”，多与with搭配。 with this method ＝ in this way＝ by this means 用这种方法 　(1)mean to do (＝plan/intend to do…) 计划做……，打算做…… 　(2)mean (doing)… 意思是，意味着 　(3)be meant / intended to do… 本意是做…… 　(4)mean adj. 低劣的；刻薄的；简陋的；吝啬的 ◆I have been meaning to phone you all the week.

　　一个星期来我一直想给你打电话。 ◆Refusing to fill in the form means giving up the chance.

　　拒绝填表就意味着放弃这次机会。

　　◆Don't be so mean to your brother. 不要对你弟弟如此刻薄。 ◆The workers had to live in a small mean house. 工人们住在一个很小很破旧的房子里。

　　①在这个问题上没有什么好方法。

　　There is no good ________ to the problem.

　　①approach　 ②无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。

　　Radio and television are important ________ of

　　communication.

　　②means ③她向他们示范做这件事的方法。

　　She showed them the ________ to do it.

　　　③way　 ④这种教学方法标志着进入教育的新时代。 The teaching ________ marked a new epoch in education.

　　④method 5、equal adj. 相同的，相等的；胜任的(=be equal to) ◆He cut the paper in four equal pieces.

　　他把纸裁成大小相等的4张。 ◆Men and women have equal rights in China.

　　在中国男女的权利平等。 ◆Being ill, I am not equal to the journey.

　　我因病不能参加这次旅行。 link­v. (在大小，数量，数额上)等于，与……相同 ◆Two plus two equals four.

　　2加2等于4。 vt. 比得上，达到；产生，得出 ◆A highly­trained workforce equals high productivity.

　　高素质的劳动力创造高生产力。 n. 同等或平等的人或物 ◆What a splendid view! I never saw its equal!

　　多美的景致，真是无与伦比。

　　equal between the sexes 男女平等 　one's equal in age 某人的年龄相仿者 　equal in pay 同酬 　the equal of man 人类平等 　attain equal in quality 做到质量相同 　be without equal 无敌

　　①大家都知道这个事实，所有的人生来都是平等的，因此他，还有该组织的其他人都有同样的权利。

　　Everybody knows the truth that all men are ， so he, as well as the others in the organization has the same rights.

　　①created equal　 ②西蒙年纪小些，但各项运动都比得上他哥哥。 Simon is younger but he all sports.

　　②equals his brother in

　　1、refer to

　　提到；涉及；描述；参考

　　to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。refer过去式、过去分词和现在分词形式是referred, referred; referring。 ◆When I said someone was not so clever, I didn't refer to you.

　　当我说某人不够聪明，我不是指你。 ◆I would like to comment on the aspect referred to in your article.

　　我想就你文章中提到的那个方面作一评论。

　　◆He never refers himself to us when he has difficulties.

　　他有困难时从不求助于我们。 总统没有看稿在商业会上演讲了近一个小时。 The president spoke at the business meeting for

　　nearly an hour without __________ his notes.

　　referring to