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【人教大纲版】2017届高考英语一轮复习精品学案:SBⅠUnits 9-10

发布时间:2017-04-06  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  SBⅠUnits 9-10

  课文原句高考对照

  课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照

  Cellphones, or mobile phones, make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.

  手机让我们能够在任何地方跟任何人讲话。

  He didn't make ______ clear when and

  where the meeting would be held.(2007天津

  卷) 

  this

  B. that

  C. it

  D. these

  解析:选C。句意:他没说清楚会议将于何时、何地举行

  。依题干句式结构,make后缺形式宾语。四个选项中只有C

  项it能在句子中作形式主语或宾语。在句型结构“make+it+形

  容词+for+sb.+to do”之中,it为形式宾语,其后的动词不定式

  复合结构为真正的宾语,而其中的形容词(如:课文原句中的

  possible)在句中作宾语补足语。  

  课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照

  Cellphones, or mobile phones, make it possible for us to talk to anyone from anywhere.

  手机让我们能够在任何地方跟任何人讲话。

  The fact that she was foreign made ______

  difficult for her to get a job in that country. (2010辽

  宁卷)

  A. so

  B. much

  C. that

  D. it

  解析:选D。句意:她是外国人的事实让她在那个

  国家找份工作很难。

  课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照

  If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.

  如果我们想过较好的生活并有光明的未来,我们必须学会避免伤害其他生物。

  If we sit near ______ front of the bus, we'll

  have ______ better view. (2010山东卷)

  A. /; the

  B. /; a

  C. the; a

  D. the; the

  解析:选C。

  课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照

  If we want to live a better life and have a bright future, we must learn to act in ways that do not harm other living things.

  如果我们想过较好的生活并有光明的未来,我们必须学会避免伤害其他生物。

  Your story is perfect; I've never heard

  ______ before.(2006全国卷Ⅱ)

  A. the better one

  B. the best one

  C. a better one

  D. a good one

  解析:选C。形容词比较级表示两种事物的

  比较,a better one表示“比较好的一个”,用

  于否定句,在句中表示没有比你讲的故事再

  好的了。

  课文原句高考对照 课文原句高考对照

  …repair them when they break down, and do everything Q12 tells them to.

  ……当他们出故障时修理他们,做Q12要他们做的每一件事。

   — How about your journey to Mount

  Emei?

  — Everything was wonderful except that

  our car ______ twice on the way. (2009四川

  卷)

  A. slowed down

  B. broke down

  C. got down

  D. put down

  解析:选B。break down 出故障;坏掉。 

  语法精讲

  ——形容词和副词

  1.形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法。

  2.与形容词、副词有关的句型,如:“the+比较级,the+比较级”的用法和倍数的表达方法。

  3.多个形容词作定语的顺序、位置(尤其是后置)。

  4.近义形容词和副词的辨析。

  形容词和副词的基本用法

  (一)形容词的用法及位置

  1.作定语。作定语时一般前置,但修饰不定代词及形容词短语作定语时后置。

  例如:

  There is something wrong with my bike.

  我的自行车坏了。

  There is a full bottle of water on the table.

  桌子上有一满瓶水。

  注:

  多个形容词修饰名词作定语时的顺序是:

  限定词(limited)+观点词(opinion)+形状大小词(shape)+年龄新旧词(age)+颜色词(colour)+国籍来源词(original)+材料词(material)+中心名词

  说明:

  (1)上述多个词修饰名词的顺序可用LOPSHACOM来记忆。口诀:萝卜丝哈啃。

  (2)限定词指a, the, this, that, these, those及物主代词。

  (3)如有序数词,放在限定词的后面。例如:

  the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge

  第一座美丽的、小的、白色的中国石桥

  2.作表语。作表语时用在连系动词be, become, get, grow, feel, look, appear, prove, seem, keep, fall, smell, taste, sound, turn, remain等的后面。例如:

  The music sounds beautiful.这首音乐听起来不错。

  注:一些以a-开头的形容词如afraid, alone, alive, asleep, awake, ashamed, absent等只能作表语,一般不能作定语。如果作定语,通常作后置定语,如果这些形容词前有副词修饰,也可作前置定语。

  He is the only person alive in the family.

  他是这个家族中唯一活着的人。

  She is a fast asleep girl.

  她是一位一睡就睡得很沉的姑娘。

  I haven’t seen so interesting a film as this for years.

  我很多年都没有看过这样有趣的电影了。

  3.作宾语补足语。例如:

  I found it interesting to swim in summer.

  我发现夏天游泳很有趣。

  4.作状语。表示伴随、原因、结果等。例如:

  The old man lay in bed, cold and hungry. (表伴随)

  这位老人躺在床上,又冷又饿。

  Curious, we went into the hole. (表原因)

  因为好奇,我们走进这个洞里。

  The goat rolled over, dead.(表结果)

  这只山羊翻滚着,死了。

  (二)副词的用法

  1.作状语。修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子。例如:

  The professor was warmly welcomed by the students.

  这位教授受到学生的热烈欢迎。

  Don’t walk that (=so) fast.

  别走得那么快。

  Luckily, he was not hurt in the accident.

  幸好,他在事故中没受伤。

  2.作表语。作表语的副词一般与介词同形。例如:

  I must be off now.

  我现在必须得走。

  What’s on tonight?

  今晚有什么节目?

  3.作宾语补足语。例如:

  When we came into his house, we found him out.

  我们走进他的房子时,发现他出去了。

  4.作定语。例如:

  The people there are very kind to us.

  这儿的人对我们很友好。

  注:enough修饰形容词或副词要后置。例如:

  Students brave enough to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.

  勇于参加上次冒险课的学生将一定能学到很多有用的技能。

  形容词与副词原级、比较级和最高级的用法

  (一)原级的用法

  1.形容词和副词的原级只强调本身性质,不与其他事物相比较。原级多用very, quite, completely, entirely等副词修饰。

  例如:

  What you said was quite right.

  你们说得很对。

  Tired of the long walk, he moved very slowly.

  长途跋涉很累,他走得很慢。

  2.“A+谓语动词+as+原级+as + B”或“A+谓语动词+ as +adj.+ a/an +n.+ as + B”表示一方和另一方“同一程度”或“相等”。例如:

  This room is as large as that one.

  这个房间和那个一样大。

  (二)比较级的用法

  1.“A+谓语动词+比较级+ than + B ”表示一方超过另一方。例如:

  Mary is thinner than the other girls.

  玛丽比其他的女孩瘦。

  Which do you like better, the red one or the blue one? (没有用than,因为被比较的对象一目了然)

  你更喜欢哪一个,红的还是蓝的?

  2.表示“一方不如另一方”可用下面三种方式表达。

  A+谓语动词+not+比较级+ than +B

  =A+谓语动词+less+原级+ than +B

  =A+谓语动词+not as/so+原级+ as +B

  Mary is not more careful than Jane.

  = Mary is less careful than Jane.

  = Mary is not as/so careful as Jane.

  玛丽不像简那么认真。

  注:(1)“A+谓语动词+no+比较级+ than +B”意为“A和B都不……”,不但否定前者,而且否定后者。例如:

  He is no richer than I. 他和我都不富裕。

  注:(2)比较级前常用even, still, much, far, by far, a lot, a great deal, a little, a bit, slightly, any, no, …percent, …times, …years等一些表示程度或数量的状语修饰。例如:

  This question is even/a bit/a lot difficult than that one.

  这个问题甚至比那个问题难。/这个问题比那个问题难点儿。/这个问题比那个问题难多了。

  3.倍数表示法:

  ①比较对象A+谓语动词+倍数+as+原级+as+比较对象B

  Your pencil is twice as long as mine.

  你的铅笔是我的2倍长。

  ②比较对象A+谓语动词+倍数+比较级+than+比较对象B

  This room is four times larger than that one.

  这个房间是那个的4倍大。

  ③比较对象A+谓语动词+倍数+the size/height/length/width/weight…+of+比较对象B

  Our school is three times the size of theirs.

  我们学校是他们学校面积的3倍大。

  4.形容词比较级前一般不用冠词,但在两者比较的句型“the+形容词比较级+of…”中要用冠词。例如:

  Of the two continents, Africa and Europe, Africa is the larger.

  在非洲和欧洲这两大洲中,非洲较大。

  5.“the+比较级+主语+谓语,the+比较级+主语+谓语”,表示一方随另一方的程度而变化。例如:

  The harder he works, the happier he feels.

  他工作越努力,他感觉越高兴。

  (三)最高级的用法

  最高级表示三者或三者以上事物之间的比较。形容词最高级前要加the,副词最高级前可省略。最高级后应有“in (of)…”等限定最高级的范围。常有以下句型:

  1.“主语+the+最高级+范围状语”,表示“……最……”。

  例如:

  He is the cleverest student in our class.

  他是我们班最聪明的学生。

  She is the tallest of the three.

  她是3个人中个子最高的。

  2.“among/one of+ the+最高级+范围状语”表示“最……之一”。例如:

  Shanghai is among/one of the biggest cities in the world.

  上海是世界上最大的城市之一。

  3.“the least+原级+范围状语”表示“……最没有/最不……”。例如:

  This is the least interesting book I’ve ever read.

  这是我看过的最没意思的一本书。

  (四)三种比较级结构的换用

  形容词或副词的三种比较级结构,即同级比较结构、比较级结构和最高级结构,有时可以换用。如:用同级比较结构表达最高级含义,用比较级句型表达最高级含义等。

  比较级+ than + anything / anyone else

  例如:

  She loves music better than anything else.

  = She loves music best.

  她最喜欢音乐。

  3.同级比较级结构或比较级句型中出现否定词no, never, nothing等,用来表达最高级含义。例如:

  I have never seen as old a car as this.

  = This is the oldest car I have ever seen.

  这是我见过的最老的车。

  I love nothing better than swimming.

  = I love swimming best.

  我最喜欢游泳。

  () 1. Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life ______ and more ______, have reduced the need for face-to-face communications. (2010·江西卷)

  A. easily; efficient

  B. easier; efficient

  C. easy; efficiently

  D. easily; efficiently

  B

  考查形容词。句意:电脑和手机——的确使我们的生活变得更便捷、更高效——但它们已经减少了我们面对面交流的需要。make our life easier and more efficient 使我们的生活更便捷、更高效。reduce the need for 减少……的需要。

  () 2. Jim went to answer the phone. ______, Harry started to prepare lunch. (2010·辽宁卷)

  A. However

  B. Nevertheless

  C. Besides

  D. MeanwhileD

  考查副词。however和nevertheless “然而”,表示转折;besides “而且,还有”,表示附加;meanwhile “同时,其间”。句意为:Jim去接电话。与此同时,Harry去准备午饭。根据句意选D。

  () 3. — Volunteering is becoming ______ popular in China.

  — Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves. (2010·福建卷)

  A. naturally

  B. successfully

  C. splendidly

  D. increasingly

  D

  考查副词。——志愿服务在中国正变得越来越普遍。——是的,人们现在意识到了帮助别人就是帮助自己。increasingly 越来越多地,符合题意。

  () 4. The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too ______. (2010·四川卷)

  A. small

  B. few

  C. large

  D. many

  C

  考查形容词。修饰number的形容词可以是large或small,结合语意“因为学生数量增长过多,所以学校迁出了市区”可知答案为C。

  () 5. The island is ______ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. (2010·全国卷Ⅱ)

  A. partly

  B. merely

  C. nearly

  D. equally

  D

  partly 部分地;merely 仅仅;nearly 几乎;equally 平均地。由下文的both可知应选D。

  书面表达:应用文写作技巧(二) 便条【要点概述】

  便条是一种简单形式的书信,多用于熟人之间,因此,没有写条人地址、结束语等。它一般有日期、称呼、正文、签名。

  17

  1.日期:一般写上月、日,也可以写上星期几或星期几上、下午,或者只写几日,几点钟也行。日期多写在正文右上角。

  2.称呼:一般用Dear ×××

  3.正文:事情要说清楚,内容要简明扼要,文字要简洁明了。

  4.签名:一般用Yours, ×××

  体验高考(2009全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华,正在英国接受英语培训,住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东 Mrs Wilson不在家,你准备外出,请给 Mrs Wilson写一留言条,内容包括:

  1. 外出购物

  2. 替房东还书

  3. Tracy来电话留言:

  1) 咖啡屋(Bolton Coffee)见面取消

  2) 此事已告知Susan

  3) 尽快回电

  注意:

  1. 词数100左右;

  2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

  Mrs Wilson,

  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  Li Hua

  One possible version:

  Mrs Wilson,

  I’m going out shopping, and won’t be back until about 5:00 pm. I have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the City Library. At about 1 o’clock this afternoon, Tracy called, saying that she couldn’t meet you at Bolton Coffee tomorrow morning as she has something important to attend to. She felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time

  for the meeting. She wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. She has already told Susan about this change.

  Li Hua

  强化演练

  假如你叫张华,因事去找好友李明,碰巧他不在家,于是你留下便条,说明下面几件事:

  1.明晚的班会推迟到下星期一开。你已买到了明晚7:30的电影票,是美国片《2017》。

  2.影片在首都电影院放映。你于明晚6:40在校门口等他,然后乘一路车去电影院。

  3.顺便提醒他,明晚可能会下雨,要多穿些衣服并带雨伞。

  注意:

  1.不要在便条中使用自己的真实姓名。

  2.词数:100左右

  _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  One possible version:

  Dear Li Ming,

  I'm leaving this note to tell you (that) tomorrow evening's class meeting has been put off till next Monday, and that I've got the tickets for tomorrow evening's film. It's an American film called “2017”. The film will be shown at the Capital Cinema at 7:30 pm, and I'll be waiting for you at the school gate at 6:40.Then we'll take the No.1 bus to the cinema. Don't be late.

  By the way, since it may rain tomorrow evening, please put on more clothes and don't forget to take your umbrella with you.

  See you tomorrow.

  Yours,

  Zhang Hua

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