五年高考（2011-2015）英语试题分项精解：专题05 介词和连词（解析版）

　　精品5年高考分类精编之介词

　　、介词短语和连词

　　2015年高考题

　　1.【2015·重庆】10. Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 ℃____ the average.

　　A. below

　　B. on

　　C. at

　　D. above

　　2.【2015·浙江】3. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes

　　animals both on land and sea?

　　A. about

　　B. to

　　C. with

　　D. over

　　3.【2015·湖北】30.This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _____ that if you smoked here you would be fined.

　　A.in advance

　　B.in detail

　　C. in total

　　D.in general

　　【答案】

　　4.【2015·浙江】17. These comments came

　　specific questions often asked by local newsmen.

　　A. in memory of

　　B. in response to

　　C. in touch with

　　D. in possession of

　　【答案】B

　　10. Most people work because it’s unavoidable.

　　, there are some people who actually enjoy work.

　　A. As a result

　　B. In addition

　　C. By contrast

　　D. In conclusion

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：句意：很多人工作是因为这是不可避免的，相反，有一些人是的确喜欢工作的。根据前后的意思，可以知道前后是表示对比。A意为结果， B意为此外， C意为相反， D意为结论。

　　【考点定位】考查介词短语

　　【名师点睛】12. The little pupil took his grandma

　　the arm and walked her across the street.

　　A. on

　　B. by

　　C. in

　　D. at

　　7.【2015·福建】22._______A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.

　　A. of B. on C. to D. with

　　8.【2015·福建】32.Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.

　　A. in view of B. in need of

　　C.in touch with 　D. in harmony with

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：考查短语辨析A.in view of在…眼里；B.in need of需要；;C.in touch with和…接触； D. In harmony with与…和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，该句意思为：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。根据句意，故选D

　　【考点定位】考查短语辨析

　　9.【2015·安徽】33.They believe that there are transport developments ______ that will bring a lot of changes for the better.

　　A. out of date

　　B. out of order

　　C. around the clock

　　D. around the corner

　　2017年高考试题29.September 30 is the day_______which you must pay your bill.

　　A. by

　　B. for

　　C. with

　　D. in

　　★by可表示“程度或增减的幅度”。

　　The bullet missed him by two inches.子弹差一点点打中他。

　　★by可表“单位”，意为“按；以……计；依据”，此时，by之后表单位的名词通常加the。

　　I am paid by the hour．我是按小时拿工资的。23. Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.

　　A. by

　　B. in

　　C. for

　　D. until

　　4.【2017·天津卷】6. _______ the school, the village has a clinic, which was also built with government support.

　　A. In reply to

　　B. In addition to

　　C. In charge of

　　D. In place of

　　【答案

　　5.【2017·江西卷】25. Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.___; it could just put you in debt.

　　A.

　　In other words

　　B. All in all

　　C.

　　As a result

　　D. On the other hand

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：In other words 换句话说（同义转换）；All in all 总之 （话语总结）；As a result 结果（因果关系）。该句子隐含着逻辑的转折关系，因此D选项正确。句意为“ 创办你自己的企业可能是获取经济独立的一种方法，但另外一方面可能导致你负债累累。”

　　【考点定位】考查句际连接词短语的运用

　　6.【2017·江西卷】33. It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life __his great wealth.

　　A. without

　　B.

　　despite

　　C.

　　in

　　D. to

　　7.【2017·福建卷】22. Our club is open to everyone ____ age, sex or educational background.

　　A. due to

　　B. except for

　　C. along with

　　D. regardless of

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　试题分析： Regardless of是固定用法，意思是无论……。due toexcept for除……之外；along with和……一起；regardless of无论。这里意思是“无论年龄，性别或是教育背景所以选D。句意我们的俱乐部对每个人都开放，无论年龄，性别或是教育背景。

　　。

　　Check carrots，potatoes, onions and any other vegetables and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.

　　A. in demand

　　B. in store

　　C. on loan

　　D. on sale

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：A项表示“需要的”；B项表示“储存的”；C项表示“出借的，共出借的”；D项表示“正出售的”。句意上,“检查胡萝卜，西红柿，洋葱以及其他___的蔬菜，有任何腐烂迹象的要立即使用或扔掉。”此句关键是后面的“使用或扔掉”决定了是“储存的”而不是“供出售的”，因为“出售的东西不会去使用而只能扔掉，故选B。

　　【考点定位】考查介词短语的辨析及语境理解

　　9.【2017·江苏卷】32. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be occupied.

　　A. also

　　B. just

　　C. nevertheless

　　D. otherwise

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：考查副词词义辨析及语境理解。A. also也；B. just刚刚；C. nevertheless尽管如此；D. otherwise否则，在不同方面。句意：在星期天我不能与你见面，。故D正确。

　　【考点定位】考查副词词义辨析及语境理解

　　14. The Scottish girl ________ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.

　　A. by

　　B. of

　　C. in

　　D. with

　　11.【2017·浙江卷】10. While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ______ .

　　 A. in return           

　　B. in common          

　　C. in turn              

　　D. in place

　　【答案

　　【解析】试题分析：A.in return回报；B.in common共同的；C.in turn轮流；D.in place在合适的位置。句意：当James住在这个村里的时候，他无私地把他的任何东西都分给村民，没有向村民要过回报。根据前面的单词unselfishly无私地，可知他这样做不图回报。故选A。

　　【考点定位】考查介词短语辨析及语境的理解。

　　12.【2017·浙江卷】17. People won’t pay attention to you when they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying _______

　　   expression.

　　   A. from            

　　B. over                

　　C. with               

　　D. for

　　13.【2017·浙江卷】18. There’s no reason to be disappointed. ______, this could be rather amusing.

　　   A. Above all        

　　B. As a result            

　　C. In addition        

　　D. As a matter of fact

　　2017年高考题

　　【2017浙江】14. It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner. ______, I’ll set the table.

　　A. As a result

　　B. On the whole

　　C. In the meanwhile

　　D. As a matter of fact

　　2017·陕西卷]24The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will

　　.

　　A. in particular

　　B. in turn

　　C. in charge

　　D. in time

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】in particular尤其，特别；in turn轮流；in charge负责，管理；in time迟早；最后；及时；经过一段时间之后。句意：经理想要看到公司的变化，我想经过一段时间他会看到的。故选D。

　　考查介词短语辨析。

　　2017·课标全国卷Ⅰ] 34It was a real race

　　________

　　time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.

　　A. over

　　B. by

　　C. for

　　D. against

　　【答案】D 　

　　【解析】题干中的it显然是形式主语，真正主语是不定式to get the project done。句意：完成这个项目真是在和时间赛跑。幸运的是，我们赢了。

　　本题考查介词的用法。

　　2017·山东卷] 34The Smiths are praised

　　________ the way they bring up their children.

　　A. from

　　B. by

　　C. at

　　D．for

　　2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ] 11A serious study of physics is impossible

　　________

　　some knowledge of mathematics.

　　A. against

　　B. before

　　C. beyond

　　D. without

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】句意：一项严肃的物理学研究，没有一些数学知识是不可能的完成。 against作介词，意为“(表示态度)反对，(表示方位)紧靠着……”；before意为“在……之前，先于，优于，当着……的面等”；beyond意为“超过，越过”；without意为“没有，缺乏等”。

　　考查介词。

　　2017·江苏]26 I am always delighted when I receive an e－mail from you ________．the party on July 1sh.I shall be pleased to attend”．

　　A．On account of

　　B．In response to

　　C．In view of

　　D．With regard to

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】句意为：我总是很高兴我收到你的电子邮件。关于7月1日的聚会，我乐意参加。with regard to意为“关于”，符合题意。on account of意为“因为”；in response to意为“答复”；in view of意为“鉴于，考虑到”。

　　【知识拓展】在单项选择中，经常会给出搭配相似的短语让考生辨析，如：in honor of, in favour of, in place of, in control of, in charge of等等。

　　【考点定位】考查介词短语辨析。

　　2017·辽宁卷]25 ________everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.

　　A．By means of

　　B．On behalf of

　　C．In search of

　　D．For fear of

　　2017·湖北] 30 An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered ________ a long lost antique Greek vase.

　　A．at random

　　B．by chance

　　C．in turn

　　D．on occasion

　　【答案】B　

　　【解析】at random任意地，随机地；by chance偶然地；in turn 依次，轮流，反而；on occasion有时，偶然。句意：最近，乘渡轮去南部岛屿旅游的一位艺术家发现了一个失传已久的希腊花瓶。

　　考查介词短语的含义。

　　2017·北京卷] 26I have an appointment

　　________

　　Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.

　　A. to

　　B. off

　　C. with

　　D. from

　　【答案】C 　

　　【解析】句意：我和史密斯先生有个预约，但我需要更改一下。此处have an appointment with sb.与某人有个约定/预约。根据句意选C。

　　考查介词。

　　2017·安徽卷] 22Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library

　　________a book about it.

　　A．on

　　B．at

　　C．for

　　D．to

　　【答案】C　

　　【解析】由句意“在你去参观一处名胜古迹前，在当地图书馆查找一本相关书籍”可知，这里应该用for表示目的；look for“寻找”为固定搭配。

　　考查介词辨析。

　　2017·福建卷] 26Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.

　　A. in the way

　　B. on watch

　　C. in sight

　　D. on the line

　　2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ] 32There's no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery

　　________

　　another man, also intelligent, fails.

　　A. since

　　B．if

　　C. as

　　D. while

　　2017·重庆卷] 23It's not easy to change habits, ________ with awareness and self－control, it is possible.

　　A．for

　　B．or

　　C．but

　　D．so

　　【答案】C　

　　【解析】尽管改变习惯很难，但是只要有自控意识，还是可以改变的。

　　【考点定位】考查连词。

　　2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ]3 I was glad to meet Jenny again,

　　________

　　I didn't want to spend all day with her.

　　A. but

　　B. and

　　C．so

　　D．or

　　【答案】A　

　　【解析】句意：我很高兴又遇见了珍妮， 不过我不想花整天的时间和她在一起。后面句子中的didn't表示否定，由此可知这里是转折的意思。

　　考查连词。

　　2017·北京卷] 22Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs, ________

　　you could have problems.

　　A. or

　　B. and

　　C. but

　　D. so

　　2017年高考题

　　【2017福建卷】26.

　　China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ____all its citizens.

　　A. in charge of

　　B. for the purpose of

　　C. in honor of

　　D. for the benefit of

　　【答案】D　

　　【解析】in charge of：掌管； for the purpose of：为了……目的；in honor of：纪念；for the benefit of：为了……的利益。根据语境，中国推进公共医疗的改革是为了居民的利益，故选D。

　　本题考查介词与名词搭配的短语辨析。

　　【2017福建卷】33. Nothing is so easy as parents raise their expectations of their children too high.

　　A. of B. to

　　C. by

　　D. for

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为：。for parents“对于父母亲来说”，不定式是真正的被比较成分。本句的关键是找到关键点，一方面的nothing is so…as结构，另一方面就是不定式的成分界定。

　　本题考查介词的用法

　　【2017浙江卷】14. Brown said he was by no means annoyed; _____ he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.

　　A. all in all B. for one thing C. on the contrary

　　D. by the way

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】根据句意：布朗说他一点儿都不恼火。相反（on the contrary）他很高兴能够被透彻理解。All in all总而言之；for one thing其一；by the way顺便讲一下，均不符合语境，故排除。解题的关键是对词组by no means=never（决不）的理解。

　　介词短语词义辨析

　　【2017浙江卷】6. ________ all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs arc the most sensitive to the spoken word.

　　A. From B. Of C. For

　　D. With

　　【2017湖北卷】25. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks _______ in the garden of a traditional home

　　A. out of question

　　B. out of order

　　C. out of sight

　　D. out of place

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为：这套家具款式新潮，色泽明丽，与新式房屋和花园配套，但看起来与传统的房子和花园不相称。D项意为“与……不相称”，符合句意。A项意为“毫无疑问”，B项意为“次序颠倒”，C项意为“看不见”，都与句意不符。

　　考查介词短语辨析。

　　【2017江苏卷】29. — Thank God you're safe!

　　—I stepped back, just to avoid the racing car.

　　A. in time B. in case C. in need D. in vain

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】in time“及时”，in case“万一，”；in need“需要”；in vain“徒劳，”。句意为：——谢天谢地，你是安全的！——我走回去，正好避开行驶中的车。符合题意。

　　【考点定位】介词短语

　　【2017安徽卷】25. You can chang your job, you can move house,but friendship is meant to be

　　life.

　　A.

　　of

　　B. on

　　C.

　　to

　　D.

　　for

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】选择D是正确的，mean在此表示“预定，指定”。The gift is meant for you. 这份礼物是给你的。 He was meant for to be ]an electrician. 本来是准备把他培养成电工的。

　　【2017辽宁卷】27.

　　The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place

　　the main road at the far end of the lake.

　　A.

　　to

　　B.

　　for

　　C.

　　off

　　D.

　　out

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】off 意思是“离开...,隔着...”，表示与……隔着一定的距离。

　　介词辨析

　　【2017四川卷】14. This training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.

　　A. as well as

　　B. so long as

　　C. so much as

　　D. as soon as

　　【2017陕西卷】11．An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________ it.

　　A . against

　　B. for

　　C .to

　　D. with

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】所填介词与系动词be构成固定句型，意思是：反对，选A。be for支持，赞成；be to到达；be with和……在一起，都与句意不符。

　　考查介词。

　　【2017北京卷】34. Do you think this shirt is too tight ____ the shoulders?

　　A. at

　　B. on

　　C. to

　　D. across

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】across指的是两个肩膀之间的整体部分。句意：你觉得这件衬衫两肩之间太窄了吗？

　　本题考查介词的用法。

　　【2017全国II】16. 100℃ is the temperature ______ which water will boil.

　　A. for

　　B. at

　　C. on

　　D. of

　　【答案】B 【解析】此处是介词前置的定语从句，temperature是先行词，根据介词短语at the temperature可知用at which，which代替temperature。句意：100度是水沸腾的温度。

　　考查介词的用法。

　　【2011II 14】This shop will be closed for repairs ____ further notice.

　　A. with

　　B. until

　　C. for

　　D. at

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意：在另行通知前，这家店将整顿。until further notice表示“在另行通知前”。

　　考查介词。

　　【2011 35】With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be take ______ color.

　　A. by

　　B. for

　　C. with

　　D. in

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】In color表示“使用彩色”。固定搭配。句意：随着科技的发展，水下沟壑的图片可以做成彩色的。

　　介词的用法。

　　【2011 25】Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you ______ the tough years.

　　A. through

　　B. up

　　C. with

　　D. from

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：。

　　介词的用法。

　　【2011 30】When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside ________ younger men.

　　A. in terms of

　　B. in need of

　　C. in favor of

　　D. in praise of

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】句子意思是，当在问及对这个学校的校长有什么看法时很多老师宁愿他闪到一边去支持年轻人。in praise of表扬，in terms of就…而言，in need of需要。

　　介词词组的用法。【2011 30】I’m sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy_____ the past couple of weeks.

　　A. beyond

　　B. with

　　C. among

　　D. over

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】通过前半句“I’ve been very busy”现在完成时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在过去的几周里”，固定搭配用介词“over the past couple of weeks=in the past couple of weeks”. 句意为：很抱歉没给你打电话，可是这几个星期我一直很忙。

　　固定介词搭配。

　　【2011 25】Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek______ food safety problem.

　　A. in

　　B. to

　　C. on

　　D. after

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】句意为：有时不容易找到解决食品安全问题的适宜的办法。本题考查名词后的介词的固定搭配。此句中主语为answers，意为“解决办法”，作此意时后跟介词to或towards，故选B项。

　　考查介词。

　　【2011 5】I always wanted to do the job which I’d been trained ______.

　　A. on

　　B. for

　　C. by

　　D. of

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】：我经常想做我之前为之受过培训的工作，for表示目的，意为“为了…”，符合题意。

　　考查介词【2011 8】Nick, it’s good for you to read some books __________China before you start your trip there.

　　A. in

　　B. for

　　C. of

　　D. on

　　【2011 11】He was a good student and scored _________ average in most subjects.

　　A. below

　　B. of

　　C. on

　　D. above

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意为：他是一个好学生,大多数科目得分高于平均水平。above average高于平均数；below average低于平均数；on average平均起来，一般说来。

　　介词。

　　【2011 5】____ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.

　　A.It

　　B. As

　　C.Although

　　D.Unless

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】although“尽管”; As “如”; Unless “除非”。句意为：尽管有规律的运动很重要，但是在睡前运动不是一个好主意。

　　考查连词。

　　【2011 24】Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read __________ the library.

　　A. in

　　B. for

　　C. by

　　D. from

　　【2011 32】We’d better discuss everything ______before we work out the plan.

　　A. in detail

　　B. in general

　　C. on purpose

　　D. on time

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】句意：在我们制定计划之前，我们最好详细地讨论每件事。In detail详细地；in general通常，大体上；on purpose故意地；on time准时，按时。

　　考查短语辨析。

　　【2011I 30】The form cannot be signed by anyone ______ yourself.

　　A. rather than

　　B. other than

　　C. more than

　　D. better than

　　【2011全国卷I 22】Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.

　　A. if

　　B. when

　　C. sine

　　D. as

　　【2011 22】____ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dished.

　　A. Far from

　　B. Apart from

　　C．Instead of

　　D．Regardless of

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】除了优质的服务外，这个饭店提供了不同种类的传统的福建菜。apart from表“除……以外”，符合语意。far from“远离，远非”；instead of“代替，而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顾”。

　　考查介词短语。

　　【2011 24】To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ______, honest.

　　A. therefore

　　B. above all

　　C. however

　　D. after

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】above all意为：首要的。

　　【考点定位】考查副词的用法【2011I 25】—Someone wants you on the phone.

　　—_____nobody knows I am here.

　　A. Although

　　B. And

　　C. But

　　D. So

　　【2011 23】Find ways to praise your children often, ____ you’ll find they will open their hearts to you.

　　A. till

　　B. or

　　C. and

　　D. but

　　【2011 31】Bring the flowers into a warm room ___ they'll soon open.

　　A. or

　　B. and

　　C. but

　　D. for

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】固定句型祈使句+and/or+简单句。根据题意，应为顺承关系。

　　连词用法。

　　【201127】 The house was too expensive and too hig. _______, I’d grown fond of our little rented house.

　　A.Besides

　　B.Therefore

　　C.Somehow

　　D.Otherwise

　　【考点定位】考查连词用法