话题六
饮食与健康
子话题(一) 食物与食材
1.粮食与主食
①wheat n. 小麦
②flour n.
面粉,粉
③grain n.
谷物,谷类
④dumpling n.
饺子
⑤noodle n.
面条
⑥pancake n.
薄煎饼
⑦porridge n.
稀饭,粥
⑧hamburger n.
汉堡包
⑨sandwich n.
三明治
⑩toast n.
烤面包
⑪beancurd n.
豆腐
⑫cuisine n.
饭菜,菜肴
2.甜食
①biscuit n.
饼干
②chocolate n.
巧克力
③cookie n.
小甜饼
④dessert n.
甜点
⑤sweet n.
甜食;甜点;糖果
3.肉食
①bacon n.
咸猪肉;熏猪肉
②beef n.
牛肉
③chicken n.
鸡;鸡肉
④mutton n.
羊肉
⑤pork n.
猪肉
⑥steak n.
牛排,肉排,鱼排
⑦sausage n.
香肠,腊肠
4.蔬菜
①vegetable n.
蔬菜
②potato n.
土豆,马铃薯
③tomato n.
西红柿
④cabbage n.
卷心菜,洋白菜
⑤carrot n.
胡萝卜
⑥eggplant n.
茄子
⑦garlic n.
大蒜
⑧mushroom n.
蘑菇
⑨onion n.
洋葱;洋葱头
⑩pea n.
豌豆
5.水果
①fruit n.
水果
②peach n.
桃
③pear n.
梨
④grape n.葡萄
⑤lemon n.
柠檬
⑥melon n.
(甜)瓜
⑦pineapple n.
菠萝
⑧strawberry n.
草莓
⑨watermelon n.
西瓜
⑩cherry n.
樱桃
6.零食及其他
①refreshments n.
点心,便餐
②chips n.
(pl.)炸土豆条(片)
③cream n.
奶油,乳脂
④butter n.
黄油,奶油
⑤cheese n.
奶酪
⑥honey n.
蜂蜜
⑦pepper n.
胡椒粉
⑧popcorn n.
爆米花
⑨salad n.
色拉(西餐中的一种菜)
⑩sauce n.
酱;调味汁
⑪vinegar n.
醋
⑫junk food
垃圾食品
子话题(二) 厨具、餐具与就餐
1.厨具与餐具
①cooker n.
炊具(锅、炉灶、烤炉等)
②stove n.
火炉,煤炉,电炉
③bowl n.
碗
④fork n.
叉,餐叉
⑤dish n.
盘,碟
⑥plate n.
盘子,碟子
⑦spoon n.
匙,调羹
⑧chopsticks n.
筷子
⑨teapot n.
茶壶
⑩container n.
容器
2.就餐
①cafeteria n.
自助餐厅
②restaurant n.
饭馆,饭店
③diningroom n.
食堂,餐厅
④bakery n.
面包店
⑤menu n.
菜单
⑥recipe n.
食谱
⑦buffet n.
自助餐
⑧snack n.
小吃
⑨be/go on a diet
节食
⑩be rich/abundant in
富含……
⑪be high/low in
含……高/低
⑫keep a balanced diet
保持均衡的饮食
⑬unhealthy eating habit
不健康的饮食习惯
子话题(三) 进食与味道
1.进食
①taste n.
品尝,尝味;味道
vt.& vi.
品尝,尝味
②swallow vt.
吞下;咽下
③chew vt.
咀嚼
④digest vt.
消化,吸收
⑤appetite n.
食欲,胃口
⑥nutrition n.
营养
2.味道
①delicious adj.
美味的,可口的
②tasty adj.
味道好的
③tasteless adj.
无滋味的
④bitter adj.
苦的,有苦味的
⑤salty adj.
咸的,含盐的
⑥sour adj.
酸的,馊的
⑦acid adj.
酸的
子话题(四) 疾病与病因
1.疾病与残疾
①disease/illness/sickness n.
病,疾病
②AIDS n.
艾滋病
③cancer n.
癌
④stroke n.
中风
⑤fever n.
发烧;发热
⑥flu n.
流行性感冒
⑦depression n.
抑郁症
⑧dizziness n.
头晕;头昏眼花
⑨choke n.& vt.
窒息
⑩blind adj.
瞎的
⑪deaf adj.
聋的
⑫dumb adj.
哑的
⑬lame adj.
跛的,瘸的,残废的
⑭disabled adj.
残废的,残疾的
⑮allergic adj.
过敏的
⑯heart attack
心脏病
⑰infective disease
传染病
2.病因
①pressure n.
压迫,压力
②stress n.
精神压力,心理负担
③poison n.
毒药
④bacterium n.
细菌
⑤virus n.
病毒
⑥harmful adj.
有害的
⑦poisonous adj.
有毒的,致命的
⑧unhealthy adj.
不健康的,不卫生的
⑨unfit adj.
不健康的
⑩be infected with
传染上
⑪put on weight
增加体重
⑫suffer from
遭受,患上
⑬get overweight
变得肥胖
⑭break down
(身体)垮掉
子话题(五) 伤痛与症状
1.伤痛
①ache vi.& n.
痛,疼痛
②backache n.
背痛
③stomachache n.
胃疼
④headache n.
头疼
⑤toothache n.
牙痛
⑥injury n.
伤害,受伤处
⑦burn n.
烧伤;晒伤
⑧harm n.& vt.
伤害;损伤
⑨hurt vt.
伤害,受伤;伤人感情
⑩injure vt.
损害,伤害
⑪wound vt.
使受伤,伤害
n.
创伤,伤口
⑫painful adj.
疼痛的,痛苦的
⑬bleed vi.
出血,流血
⑭have a pain in
(某处)疼痛
2.症状
①symptom n.
症状
②sneeze vi.
打喷嚏
③swell vi.
肿胀
④serious adj.
严重的
⑤severe adj.
十分严重的
⑥abnormal adj.
反常的
⑦acute adj.
(病)急性的
⑧dizzy adj.
头晕目眩的
⑨unconscious adj.
昏迷的,不省人事的
子话题(六) 药物与救护
1.药物
①drug n.
药,药物;毒品
②medicine n.
药
③pill n.
药丸,药片
④capsule n.
(药)胶囊
⑤herb n.
草药
⑥tablet n.
药片
⑦take medicine
吃药
2.救护
①clinic n.
诊所
②ambulance n.
救护车
③bandage n.
绷带
④prescription n.
处方
⑤ward n.
病房
⑥Xray n.
X射线;X光
⑦treatment n.
治疗,疗法
⑧examine vt.
检查;诊察
⑨rescue vt.
营救,援救
⑩free medical service
公费医疗
⑪recover from
从……中恢复
⑫cure sb. of ...
治愈某人……
⑬be under medical treatment
在治疗中
⑭relieve the pain
减轻痛苦
⑮send for a doctor
派人请医生
⑯take one’s temperature
量某人的体温
⑰take one’s blood pressure
量某人的血压
⑱operate on/perform an operation on sb.
给某人动手术
1. In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.
在我看来,我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯来增强我们的体质。
2.The doctor advised that we should have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting up early.
医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的习惯。
3.We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health.
我们必须承认吃垃圾食品有害健康。
4.The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.
大多数人摄入的脂肪太多,而纤维不足,这对他们的健康很有害。
5.A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins, fibre and mineral, and low in fat and calories.
健康饮食包括饮食多样化,吃富含维生素、纤维和矿物质而脂肪和卡路里含量低的食物。
6.People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.
如今人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康。
7.With the improvement of the living standards, more and more people, especially children, are suffering from obesity.
随着生活水平的提高,越来越多的人,尤其是孩子,正在饱受肥胖之苦。
8.Staying up to study does harm to your health. In addition/Besides, it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy.
熬夜学习对你的身体有害。此外,你还会因为精力不足而影响第二天的学习。
9.A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally.
均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。
10.We’d better take part in more outdoor activities instead of sitting in front of TV sets or computers for a long time, which is bad for our health.
我们最好多参加一些户外活动,而不要在电视、电脑前坐很长时间,这对身体有害。
(2016·衡水高三模拟)假如你叫李华,是一位中学生。在听了关于健康饮食的讲座后,你想用英语给21st Century报社写一封信,反映你对当今学生饮食的看法:
1.越来越多的学生喜欢吃西式快餐,结果摄入大量的糖和脂肪;
2.大家对中餐和西式快餐哪种更健康有不同看法;
3.你认为中餐更健康,说出你的理由。
注意:词数100左右。
[范文必背]
Dear Editor,
①Now, more and more students are getting fond of western fast food, and thus they take in too much sugar and fat. I don’t think it good for their health.
There are all kinds of foods in the world. Which one is healthier, the Chinese food or the western fast food? Different people have different opinions.
②In my opinion, the Chinese food is healthier. Firstly, the Chinese food contains a lot of fruits and green vegetables. It is rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat. Secondly, the Chinese food is very delicious and has many dishes, which provide us with all kinds of nutrition. I think it is the healthiest food in the world. So many Chinese people can keep fit and have white teeth.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
[佳句演练]
(1)用现在分词短语作状语改写句①
Now, more and more students are getting fond of western fast food, thus taking_in too much sugar and fat.
(2)用concern的相关短语改写句②
As_far_as_I’m_concerned,_the Chinese food is healthier.
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