2017届高考英语一轮选修模块复习训练：选修8 Unit 3《Inventors and inventions》（新人教版含解析）

　　Unit 3　Inventors and inventions

　　【热点话题】(饮食)节约粮食体裁：夹叙夹议写作思路：浪费粮食现象—光盘行动—你的看法【美文诵读】chool launched②“Clear Your Plate”campaign，which_aimed_to_call_on_us_students_to_eat

　　_up_all_the_food_we_bought③.Now_there_is_less_leftover_in_our_

　　school_canteen_because_we_think_it_shameful_to_waste_food④.

　　In_my_view，everyone_should_form_the_habit_of_saving_food⑤.We can share our food with our good friends，which can strengthen our friendship and save money as well.【学海拾贝】按要求完成或翻译下列句子。将①句省略的状语从句补全。我们发起了一次过低碳生活的运动。(launch).

　　3．将③句中的定语从句改写为分词作状语的形式。我觉得很奇怪：他没打电话给我。(it作形式宾语)。 he should fail to call me.

　　5．我们已养成了早起的好习惯。(form the habit of)

　　Ⅰ.按要求写出下列单词专利权专利证书文件档案；提交 ．粉末火药消极的被动的清白的无罪的有效的确凿的版本译本抓住捉住夺(水)龙头；轻打轻拍额头 ．区别使出众杰出的高贵的差别对比期待 期待；预料意想不到的电流；现在的当前的现在地当前地流通；货币 ．实际的practical

　　几乎；实际地不切实际的 同伴；联想联系联想协会

　　用所给单词的适当形式填空。istinguished herself by her coolness and bravery as well as a distinguished novelist.(distinguish)

　　2．He is a man of caution and so he is cautious about everything.(caution)

　　3．We didn't expect that he would come when it was already 11 o'clock at night.But the unexpected visitor didn't seem to see our coldness towards him.(expectation)

　　4．Your plan sounds impractical，so please make it more practical．(practice)

　　5．I found his rudeness was so unbearable that it was almost more than I could_bear．(bear)

　　Ⅱ.翻译下列短语给……打电话call_up偶尔有时now_and_then 开始着手set_about(以防)万一in_case 迅速把手伸入；一心投入dive_into开始(做)set_out_(to_do)事实上；的确in_truth不挂断稍等hold_on/hang_on设法联系上；通过get_through 挂断电话ring_off

　　选用上述短语完成下列短文。(1) Now_and_then my mother would (2) call me (3) up，telling me that I should (4) set_out_to learn to dance (5) in_case I would feel bored after I retire.I thought it was a good idea and soon I (6) set_about learning to sing in a club.

　　Ⅲ.重点句型1．Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.(p.21)

　　只有你得到这种承认你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。

　　含有“only＋状语”置于句首时主句要用部分倒装。只有在我朋友来了之后电脑才被修好。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1) 只有抓住今天才能赢得明天。(2)只有用这种方法我们才能够积极而有效地学习。2．The patent was given in 1876，but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.(p.25)

　　这项专利是1876年发布的但是贝尔是在五天以后才给他的助手华生发了第一条短信息。

　　It was not until...that... 直到……才……直到我遇到你以后我才真正体会到幸福。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)也许只有等我们有了孩子才会知道为人父母的无私付出和艰辛。the_selfless

　　_devotion and hardships of our parents.

　　(2)直到1454年欧洲才印刷了第一本书。3．...and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree.(p.20)

　　它们好像在这儿安了家离胡桃树不远。

　　sb.seems to do...＝It seems that sb.do好像他好像什么都知道。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他好像已在销售部工作多年。(2)我好像已经明白你的意思了。：It_seems_that_I_have_understood_what_you_mean.

　　用上述句型翻译下列小片段。年轻时我很想当作家出人头地可是每当我计划写东西时似乎总有人阻止我实现自己的梦想说我根本不是当作young，I_had_always_wanted_to_distinguish_

　　myself_as_a_writer，but_every_time_I_planned_to_write_

　　something，it_seemed_that_someone_was_preventing_me_reaching

　　_my_aim_saying_I_was_no_writer.It_was_not_until_I_came_across_Mr.White_that_I_set_about_writing_a_short_story.He_told_me_I_should_try_my_best_to_realize_my_ambition_no_matter_what_others_might_say_about_me.Only_after_I_tried_my_best_could_I_know_whether_I_could_become_a_writer.Thanks_to_his_encouragement,_I_have_published_thirty_novels_so_far.

　　动词、形容词前后可用副词。这时如果所给词为形容词则需将其变为副词。如果所给词为名词或动词可先将其变为形容词再加后缀­ly。另外在答题时还要考虑副词级的变化。名词前面一般可有形容词修饰语系动词后接形容词作表语。如果所需词为形容词时还要考虑形容词级别的变化。如：s extremely (extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.

　　Your composition is badly (bad) organized.Please do your writing exercise more attentively (attend) next time.

　　What's the longest (length) river in the world?

　　The stronger (strength) we become，the more modest we should be.

　　He was very tired after doing this for a whole day，but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher (height)．常用形容词、副词后缀：

　　形容词＋­ly→副词 careful carefully

　　名词＋­ful→形容词 hope hopeful

　　名词＋­y→形容词 luck lucky名词＋­ous→形容词 mountain mountainous名词＋­al/ial→形容词 emotion emotional

　　动词＋­able/(s)ible→形容词

　　forgettable

　　access accessible

　　动词＋­tive→形容词 attract attractive

　　阅读下面短文按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯要求在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。(snow) winter Sunday.Jane sat in her 2.gloomy(gloom) room，staring at the telephone 3.sadly(sad)，and waiting 4.eagerly(eager) for a phone call because her uncle promised her that he could manage to find her a job.It was almost 11 o'clock，but the phone still remained 5.silent(silence)．She once told herself that her uncle could do nothing to help her and she thought she had some (predict) power about such kind of things.However，she still felt it 7.unbearable(bear) when she assumed her prediction came true，so she couldn't help weeping.Just then，the telephone rang.It was her uncle，telling her the manager of his company agreed to give her a chance because he thought Jane was a 8.competitive (compete) girl to do the work well.Imagine how happy Jane was at the good news!

　　第一节　阅读理解

　　阅读下面的短文从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。A

　　(2015·湖南卷)Have your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly？Imagine having your entire house(灯塔)living year，an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station.The inspections were supposed to be a surprise，but keepers sometimes had advance notice.

　　Once lighthouses had telephones，keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching.After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector was aboard，the keeper's family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first.As soon as someone spotted the boat，everyone would do last­minute tidying and change into fancy clothes. The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap.Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust.

　　Despite the serious nature of inspections，they resulted in some funny moments. Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection. At the time，people did not have dishwashers in their homes.In an effort to clean up quickly，Mrs.Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan，covered them with a cloth，and stuck them in the oven.If the inspector opened the oven door, it would look like bread was baking.He never did.

　　One day，Glenn Furst's mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house.Like floor wax，the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood.This time，though，she used a little too much oil. When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn's mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface.“He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight，” Glenn later wrote.After he steadied himself，he shook Glenn's mother's hand，and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.

　　1．What does Paragraph 1 tell us about the inspection at the light station?

　　A．It was carried out once a year.

　　B．lt was often announced in advance.

　　C．It was important for the keeper's fame.

　　D．It was focused on the garage and yard.

　　2．The family began making preparations immediately after________．ne of the members saw the boat

　　B．a warning call reached the lighthouse

　　C．the keeper put on the dress uniform and cap

　　D. the inspector flew special flags in the distance

　　3．Mrs.Byrnes put the dishes in the oven because this would________．result in some fun

　　B．speed up washing them

　　C．make her home look tidy

　　D．be a demand from the inspector

　　4．If the inspector had opened the oven door, he would have seen________．loth covering something

　　语篇解读：本文为记叙文题材为社会生活类。对于灯塔管理员来解析：事实细节题。从第一段第三句“Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse(灯塔)livingended on the results.”可知C项正确。答案：C解析：事实细节题。从第二段第三句“As soon as someone spotted the boat可知A项正确。答案：A解析：推理判断题。由第三段第二句“Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection.”和第四句“In an effort to clean up quicklythe oven.”可以推断出答案为C。答案：C解析：推In an effort to clean up quickly，Mrs.Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan，covered them with a cloth，and stuck them in the oven.If the inspector opened the oven door，it would look like bread was baking.”可以推断出答案为D。答案：DB

　　(2015·陕西卷)The production of coffee beans is a hugeng over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shade­grown production to full­sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds，and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.

　　On a local level，the damage of the forest required by full­sun fields affects the area's birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种)that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full­sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result(威胁) human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, he destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition，new coffee­growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.

　　Both locally and globally，the continued spread of full­sun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate and global warming.Moreover，the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的)soil conditions.oice.They can purchase shade­grown coffee whenever possible，although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.

　　5．What can we learn about full­sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?

　　A．It limits the spread of new growing techniques.

　　B．It leads to air pollution and global warming.

　　C．It slows down the loss of shade trees.

　　D．It improves local soil conditions.

　　6．The purpose of the text is to________．B．advertisee whole text?

　　(P：Paragraph)语篇解读：本文为说明文题材为环境保护类。主要介绍了full­sun coffee production对人类生活和环境造成的影响。解析：事实细节题。根据第四段第二句话可知造成了空气污染和温室效应。故选B。答案：B解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段可知shade­grown coffee，故选D。答案：D解析：推理判断题。本文主要探讨了full­sun coffee production对环境等造成的影响与农业有关。故选A。答案：A解析：推理判断题。文章第一段提出full­sun production造成的破坏接下来On a local level”“On a more global level”和“Both locally and globally”三个层面进行了论述最后一段对全文进行总结并号召大家购买shade­grown coffee故选A。答案：A第二节　完形填空阅读下面的短文掌握其大意然后从1～20题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。r I left university，I made friends with a Moroccan woman at work.One day she invited me to ____1____ her and her family back home.I wanted to，but I would have to travel there ____2____ and I knew we would be in a very rural area.How would I cope with my ____3____ ?

　　Then one day it ____4____ to me that I had a life to live.I could choose to let anxiety ____5____ me or I could go to Morocco and ____6____ something different.I was 23 years old and had never been out of the UK alone.The journey to Morocco ____7____ something inside me.I managed to cope with my anxiety.The sense of ____8____was overwhelming and still to this day when I get afraid of going somewhere alone，I remember how ____9____it felt when I arrived in Morocco.

　　Upon arrival I was so ____10____ for the generous welcome I received.My friend's family had arranged a welcome party.The people were so loving toward me.As a moment of____11____　felt in a faraway village____12____my anxiety.

　　Waking up the next day，in the morning light，I saw the area where we were.I was ____13____by how rural it was — and the realization that these people had very few ____14____.

　　In the days afterwards，I traveled around Morocco.We went to Marrakesh and____15____the Atlas mountains.We had the most amazing food－lots of fresh fruits and ____16____ something inside me had changed.I realized I had not felt anxious for nearly two weeks.Experiencing a different culture far away from home helped me to realize what is important in life，what really ____17____ ，and with that my anxiety ____18____.When I returned home I was much more active in ____19____my anxiety.Working with people，helping them ____20____ their anxiety，is how I can share the love I found in Morocco.

　　　 　 　1．A.send

　　B．consultol

　　C．reach

　　D．persuade

　　6．A.enjoy

　　B．experience

　　C．take

　　D．experiment

　　7.A.changed

　　B．moved

　　C．supported

　　D．impressed

　　8．A.achievement

　　B．fear

　　C．disappointment

　　D．embarrassment

　　9．A.good

　　B．ashamed

　　C．afraid

　　D．proud

　　10．A.sorry

　　B．confused

　　C．confident

　　D．thankful

　　11．A.doubt

　　B．luck

　　C．love

　　D．surprise

　　12．A.improve

　　B．hold

　　C．protect

　　D．reduce

　　13．A.inspired

　　B．moved

　　C．pleased

　　D．shocked

　　14.A.lands

　　B．difficulties

　　C．resources

　　D．friends

　　15．A.discovered

　　B．explored

　　C．examined

　　D．recognized

　　16．A.opportunity

　　B．rush

　　C．stay

　　D．life

　　17．A.rules

　　B．exists

　　C．matters

　　D．hurts

　　18．A.disappeared

　　B．expanded

　　C．remained

　　D．removed

　　19．A.expressing

　　B．challenging

　　C．forgetting

　　D．remembering

　　20．A.drop

　　B．notice

　　C．pass

　　D．overcome

　　语篇解读：作者一直都很焦虑对于生活有太多的担忧不能乐观地面对一切。在一次去摩洛哥的旅行之中她学会了通过分享爱来克服焦虑和担忧。解析：根据下文“我”到摩洛哥旅行可知本句是指有一天这个朋友邀请“我”去看望她。答案：D解析：根据下文“I get afraid of going 可知“我”不得不独自一个人去摩洛哥看望朋友。答案：A3．解析：句意：我不得不独自一人去那里。而worries是本文的关键词之一与文中的anxiety相对应。答案：D解析：sth.occur to sb.“某人突然想起某事”。句意：有一天我突然想起我要过自己的生活。本句中的it是形式主语真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句。答案：D 解析：句意：我可以选择让焦虑控制自己或者我去摩洛哥体验一下不一样的东西。答案：B解析：见第5题解析。答案：B解析：根据下文“I managed to cope with my anxiety.”可知本句是指去摩洛哥的旅行改变了“我”内心深处的一些东西。答案：A解析：根据下文作者成功地克服了焦虑感可知此处指这种成就感对她的震撼十分大。其他选项不符合语境。答案：A解析：根据下一段作者受到朋友家人的热情欢迎可知此处指作者感觉很棒。答案：A解析：根据常识可知去到一个陌生的地方而受到热情欢迎会令人充满感激之情。be thankful for...“对……感到感激”。答案：D解析：根据文章内容及最后一段的“is how I can share the love I found in Morocco”可知。答案：C解析：句意：人们对我的欢迎让我感觉很好这有助于我减少自己的焦虑。答案：D解析：根据文章第一段“I knew we would be in a very rural area”及本段的“how rural it was”可知此处指“我”对这里的荒凉程度感到震惊。答案：D解析：句意：当地人可以利用的资源非常少。其他选项不符合语境。答案：C解析：句意：在接下来的几天里我们游答案：B解析：opportunity“机会”；rush“匆忙”；stay“逗留”；life“生活”。我在摩洛哥逗留的最后几天里我内心深处的一些东西已经发生了改变。答案：C解析：句意：体验一种远离故乡的文化帮助我意识到人生中重要的是什么最要紧的是什么。matter“重要有关系”其他选项不符合语境。答案：C解析：见第17题解析。答案：A解析：句意：当我回到家乡以后我更加积极地挑战自己的焦虑让自己更加能够克服自己的焦虑积极地面对人生。答案：B解析：overcome“克服”。和人们在一起帮助他们克服焦虑。答案：D第三节　语法填空阅读下面短文按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。he jungle，as he did almost every day.Tut was a gumcollector(树胶采集者)________ (look) for gum in the jungle.To do this, he had to climb the trees.2.________his particular day，he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eye.He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings.

　　Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something 3.________ (specially)．He ran to tell the local governor________(walk) into the jungle.There they found Tikal(蒂卡尔)(玛雅人)had built hundreds of years before.The two men saw temples and pyramids________ kings had lived when the Mayan people ruled the region.

　　For a long time before that day，local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city，6.________ no one had seen it for centuries.7.________ 200 and 900 AD，the city of Tikal had been the center of Mayan civilization in the region，but then the Mayans left 8.________ and nobody knows why！After 1000 ADut Mayan treasures in the jungle，but they didn't mention Tikal.Even 9.________ (early) than this，local Indians had told European travelers about a great city 10.________ (hide) in the trees，but no one would listen to them.Now the lost city had been found again，and archaeologists went there immediately to see it.

　　语篇解读：1848年夏天在危地马拉有个名叫Ambrosio Tut的采胶人在丛林中偶然发现了古代玛雅人遗址。解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Tut与look为逻辑上的主动关系且表示伴随故用looking。答案：looking2．解析：考on。答案：On解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词special修饰不定代词something。答案：special解析：考查时态。根据上下文的时态可推知本空要用一般过去时。答案：walked解析：考查定places，将先行词代入定语从句后为：Kings had lived in the places.由此可见关系词在定语从句中作地点状语故答案为where。答案：where解析：考查并列连词。前后两个分句之间为转折关系故用并列连词but。答案：but解析：考查介词。between...and...在……和……答案：Between解析：由语境可知此处应用it或there代替上句的the city of Tikal。答案：it/there解析：考查副词比较级。根据后面的than可知设空处用副词比较级。答案：earlier解析：考查非谓语动词a great city与hide之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示状态故用过去分词作定语。答案：hidden