2016届高考英语二轮复习课堂达标训练：第1部分 题型专题方略 专题4 第3讲 语法专题4 动词的时态、语态和语气（通用版）

　　动词的时态、语态和语气

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(2015·高考安徽卷改编)Just as I got to the school gate____________ (leave) my book in the cafe.

　　解析：句意：我刚一到学校门口就意识到我把书落在餐馆了。realized后省略了that这里是一个宾语从句从句时态与答案：had left(2015·高考北京卷改编)In the last few years____________(make) great achievements in environmental protection.

　　解析：句意：在过去的这些年里中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响用现在完成时。答案：has made(2015·高考北京卷改编)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.____________ (call) him later.

　　解析：句意：——Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的我待会再打给他。由later可知表示的是将来要执行的动作用一般将来时。答案：will call(2015·高考湖南卷改编)I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I ____________ (ask)？”解析句意：我不能隐藏我的渴望当我问道你现在希望我做些什么？”此题主句的时态为一般过去时表示这个事情和动作发生在过去故从句时态也要用一般过去时。答案：asked(2015·高考陕西卷改编)Marty ____________(work)really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.解析：句意：马蒂一直在非常努力地写书他认为他将在周五前完成。由后文提示he’ll have finished it by Friday可知这一动作发生在过去一直延续到现在并且现在还在进行故要用现在完成进行时。答案：has been working(2015·高考北京卷改编) If I ____________ (not see) it with my own eyes解析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if＋主语＋had＋done的形式。答案：hadn’t seen(2015·高考陕西卷改编) Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ____________(dance) as well as her.解析：句意：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。I wish后接从句从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反的情况谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反的情况时谓语动词用could/should/would/might do叙述与过去事实相反的情况时谓语动词用had done。由语境可知此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况故谓语动词用过去式。答案：danced(2015·高考北京卷改编)—Did you enjoy the party?____________(treat) well by our hosts.

　　解析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的我们受到了主人很好的招待。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treat是动宾关系用被动语态。设空处故用一般过去时的被动答案：were treated9.If you ____________(refer) to the failed experiences，you would not have made such a mistake in your homework.

　　解析：句意：如果你参考一下这些失败的教训的话你就不会在你的作业中犯下这样的错误。根据主句would not have made可知表示对过去事实相反的假设故从句用had done。答案：had referred____________ (be)not wrong and ____________(send)back to the classroom.

　　解析：句意：那女孩坚持说她没错并坚决要求把她送回教室。insist作“坚持认为”时要用陈述语气；作“答案：was；(should) be sent语篇填空(用所给动词的适当形式填空)____________ (watch) his mother turning the wheel of her sewing­machine with her hand.

　　“Wouldn’t it work quicker if a machine turned the wheel for you？” he asked.____________

　　(know) she always had a lot of work，and he wanted to help her.

　　Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam­engine which his father

　　3.____________ (buy) him as a gift.“I 4.____________

　　(make) better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself.So，when his mother 5.____________

　　(not use) her sewing­machine，he fixed the toy steam­engine onto it.When the job 6.____________ (finish)，he was quite pleased，thinking his mother

　　7.____________

　　(like) it.

　　“Very clever，” his mother said，when she

　　8.____________

　　(see) it.Then she sat down and went on turning the wheel by hand.“I

　　9.____________ (work) like this for too many years，”she explained.

　　This taught Christopher Cockerell the lesson that any­one who tries to improve anything 10.____________ (have) to learn: Many people don’t like new ideas.

　　答案：1.watched　2.knew　3.had bought　4.shall/will make　5.was not using　6.was finished　7.would like　9.have been working　10.has