2016年高考英语二轮复习课件：选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（新人教版）

　　Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅰ.读单词

　　积累词汇 1.patent n. 专利证书;专利权 2.perfume n. 香水;香味 3.seize vt. 抓住;捉住;夺 4.criterion n. (评判的)标准;尺度(复数形式:criteria) 5.valid adj. 有效的;确凿的 6.file n. 文件;档案;文件夹　vt. 提交;将……归档 7.string n. 线;绳子;一串 8.glue n. 胶;胶水　vt. 粘贴;粘合 9.bear vt. 忍受;忍耐;负担(过去式:bore　过去分词:borne/born) 10.dynamic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;动态的;发展变化的 11.dot n. 点;小圆点　vt. 以小圆点标出;分散 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 12.tap vt.& vi.轻打;轻拍;轻敲　n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头 13.current n. (水或气)流;电流　adj. 现在的;当前的 14.triangle n. 三角形;三角形物体 15.practical adj. 实际的;实践的;实用的 16.version n. 版本;译本 17.personnel n. 人力资源;人事部;全体人员 18.distinguish vi. &vt. 显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别→distinguished adj. 卓越的;尊敬的→distinguishing adj. 显著的;有区别的 19.merciful adj. 宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→mercy n. 宽大;仁慈 20.product n. 产品;产物→produce vt. 生产　n. (自然)产品→productive adj. 多产的→production n. 生产;产量;作品 21.stainless adj. 无锈的;不锈的;没有污点的→stain n. 锈 22.cube n. 立方体;立方→cubic adj. 立方的 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 23.abrupt adj. 突然的;意外的→abruptly adv. 突然地;唐突地 24.convenient adj. 便利的;方便的;就近的→convenience n. 方便;便利 25.caution n. 小心;谨慎→cautious adj. 小心的;谨慎的→cautiously adv.小心地;谨慎地 26.expectation n. 预料;期待;期望→expect vt. 预料;期待 27.passive adj. 被动的;消极的;被动语态的→active adj. 主动的;积极的;主动语态的 28.merry adj. 愉快的;高兴的→merrily adv. 高兴地;愉快地 29.ripe adj. 熟的;成熟的→ripen vi. 成熟 30.freezing adj. 冰冻的;严寒的→freeze v. 冻结,冷冻,僵硬→frozen adj. 冻结的,冷冰的,冷酷的 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 31.identification n. 鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明→identify vt. 识别;鉴定

　　32.innocent adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n. 天真;清白;无罪 33.stable adj. 稳固的;稳定的;安定的→stability n.稳定 34.associate vt. 联想;联系　n.同伴;伙伴→association n. 协会,联合,结交,联想 35.extension n. 电话分机;扩大;延伸→extend vt.& vi. 延伸 36.competence n. 能力;胜任;本领→competent adj. 能胜任的;有能力的;称职的 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 1.bear vt. 明显带有,支撑 2.current adj. 通用的 n. 趋向 3.associate vt. 与某人交往   在单词stainless中,-less为后缀,意思是“没有;无;不做;不受影响”,用来构成形容词。如:meaningless 无意义的,hopeless 绝望的,selfless 无私的,aimless 无目的的,careless 粗心的,countless 无数的,endless 无止境的,fearless 无畏的,fruitless 无成果的,helpless无助的,homeless无家的。 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅱ.背短语

　　活学活用 1.call up给……打电话  2.now and then 偶尔;有时  3.set about 开始;着手  4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入  5.set out (to do) 开始(做)  6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住  7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障  8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过  9.ring back 回复电话  10.ring off 挂断电话  Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅲ.赏佳句

　　思维提优 1.But once picked up,they tried to bite me.(教材原句,P20) 2.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.(教材原句,P21) 3.The patent was given in 1876,but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.(教材原句,P25) Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 1.distinguish　vi.& vt.to recognize and understand the difference between two显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别 ①Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(教材原句,P20) 这回我有机会来表现一下自己,我要发明某种仁慈的东西,既可以把蛇捉住,又不会伤害到它们。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用完成句子 ②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish one from the other.  这对孪生子如此相像以至于人们无法把他们彼此区分开来。 ③Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.  人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。 ④We should distinguish between right and wrong.  我们应明辨是非。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 2.convenient　adj.fitting in well with people’s needs or plans便利的;方便的;就近的 ①If it is convenient for/to you,we’ll come tomorrow.  如果你方便的话,我们就明天来吧。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　convenient虽然用法不具有灵活性,但是由于它的表达方式与汉语的表达习惯不同,以至于有些学生易受母语的影响而用错,所以它也是高考的考点之一。如:如果你方便的话,我们可不可以谈一谈?用英语说则是:Shall we have a talk,if it is convenient to you? 

　　即境活用用convenient或convenience的适当形式填空 ②The kitchen has all the modern conveniences. 这间厨房拥有一切现代化设备。 ③It is not convenient for me to ring him up. 我现在不便给他打电话。 单句改错 ④Please come whenever you are convenient.  答案:you are convenient→it is convenient to/for you Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 3.seize　vt.take hold of something suddenly and violently [=grab]抓住;捉住;夺 suddenly be affected by an extremely strong feeling(指强烈的感情、愿望等)突然影响或控制(某人) ①Pressed by my friends and relations,I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.(教材原句,P21) 由于朋友和亲戚的敦促,我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去,请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用完成句子 ②Seize the chance(抓住机会),otherwise you will regret it.  ③When the little boy was about to run across the road,his mother seized him by the hand(抓住了他的手).  ④When she saw his face,she was seized by fear(突然感到恐惧).  Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 4.bear　vt.(bore,born/borne)stand忍受;忍耐;负担　support 支撑　take responsibility 负起(责任)　show sth.明显带有 ①I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.(教材原句,P24) 我忍受不了架子上烤肠的味道。

　　borne和born是bear的两个过去分词,表示“出生,出自”时用born,并且仅用于被动式。表示“生育”时用borne。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用 完成句子 ②I can’t bear to see her cry.  看到她哭,我真受不了。 ③I couldn’t bear not seeing him again.  不能再见到他,我忍受不了。 ④He can’t bear people smoking while he’s eating.  他不能容忍别人在他吃饭时吸烟。 ⑤Tourists must bear in mind that they are visitors in another country.  游客必须记住,他们是在另一个国家参观。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 5.associate　vt.to make a connection in your mind between one thing or person and another联想;联系　n.someone who you work or do business with [=colleague]同伴;伙伴 ①Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone,he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybody’s life.(教材原句,P26) 虽然人们常把他与电话的发明者联系在一起,但是他的确是一位永不停息的探索家,不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用完成句子 ②I don’t want to associate myself with them any more.  我不愿再和他们交往了。 ③She associated happiness with having money. 她把幸福和有钱联系到一起。 ④He is associated with Mr.Brown in business.  他和布朗先生在生意上有联系。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6.call up 给……打电话;使……回忆起 ①When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.(教材原句,P20)  当我给住在乡下的母亲打电话时,她感到很心烦。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用介副词填空 ②This is a problem that calls for immediate solution. ③We called at our new neighbor’s house last week. ④The government called on the people to practise economy. ⑤They decided to call in a doctor because the child was not any better. ⑥He phoned her and called the appointment off. ⑦My dad called me up to tell me the good news. ⑧The old pictures called up the memories of my childhood. Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 7.set about开始;着手 ①I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.(教材原句,P20)  我就着手研究蛇的习性,以便能用最简易的方法来捕蛇。   Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用介副词填空 ②The harvest was set back by bad weather. ③I’ll set about preparing supper. ④They set up a committee to investigate the matter. ⑤The goods are set out in the shop window. ⑥I will set down the story as it was told to me. ⑦The complaint was set aside as of no importance. ⑧They set to and cleaned the whole house in two hours. ⑨A letter from home set off an attack of homesickness. ⑩The novel is set in pre-war London. Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 8.hang on不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住 ①Hang on,please.(教材原句,P26)  请别挂断。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用介副词填空 ②Please hang on a second;I’ll look for the manager and tell him you are on the phone for him. 请稍等片刻,不要挂掉,我去找经理并告诉他你在电话里等他。 ③The teacher criticized Bill for hanging out in a bar. 老师批评比尔在酒吧鬼混。 ④The boy has nothing to do,just hanging about the street corners. 这孩子无事可做,只在街头游荡。 ⑤Don’t hang up;I haven’t finished talking to you. 别挂电话,我还有话对你说。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 9.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过 ①I can’t get through.(教材原句,P26)  我打不通电话。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5

　　即境活用介副词填空 ②It’s time you got down to some reading or the other students will leave you behind.  现在你该开始学习了,否则其他同学就要把你甩到后面去了。 ③It took me a long time to get over my cold. 经过好长时间,我的感冒才好。 ④I spoke slowly,but my meaning didn’t get across. 我讲得很慢,但我的意思还是没有被理解。 ⑤He got through his business as quickly as he could. 他尽快完成了他的事务工作。 ⑥It’s easy to get round by bus in this city. 在这个城市坐公共汽车出门很方便。 ⑦Everyone of us must take turns to wash up;no one will be allowed to get out of it.  我们大家都得轮流洗碗,任何人不得逃避。 Ⅰ Ⅱ 回扣教材 句式精解 1.Only after you have had that recognition can you say(你可说) that you are truly an inventor.(教材原句,P21)  2.The patent was given in 1876,but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.(教材原句,P25)  Ⅰ Ⅱ 回扣教材 句式精解 1.only+状语/状语从句+助动词/情态动词+ 主语

　　即境活用句型转换 He was able to make himself heard only by shouting at the top of his voice. 他只有大声喊才能让别人听得到。 →Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able to make himself heard.  Ⅰ Ⅱ 回扣教材 句式精解 2.not...until...直到……才…… Ⅰ Ⅱ 回扣教材 句式精解

　　即境活用完成句子 ①The noise of the street didn’t stop until it was midnight. 街上的噪音直到半夜才停止。 ②直到我回到家他才离开。 A.It was not until I got home that he left.  B.Not until I got home did he leave.  直到我回家他才离开。