2016届高考英语二轮阅读理解和短文改错选练（12）（新人教版）

　　2016高考英语阅读理解和短文改错选练（12）

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　A Myth

　　It is true that world population is growing, but this is not the cause of our current and future global problems. Believing this will cause us to ignore the real problem and risk long-term damage to our planet.

　　Let me start by explaining why overpopulation is a myth. For one thing, the UN Population Division regularly predicts population growth but provides a low variant

　　(变量), medium variant, and high variant to factor in various possibilities. In the 2010 revision, their high variant suggests that the world population will be almost 16 billion in 2100, but the low variant predicts it will peak at 8 billion and decrease to just over 6 billion by 2100. In most cases, it is the low variant that has come true in the past, suggesting the same will be true of their future population predictions. In addition to this, the size of families is actually decreasing.

　　For another, if the Earth is overpopulated, there needs to be insufficient (短缺) food, water, and space for humans to live. However, Indian economist Raj Krishna estimates that India alone is able to increase crop produce to the point of providing the entire world’s food supply. The World Food Programme confirms that there is sufficient food grown to feed the world and there is the same amount of fresh water on the planet now as there was 10,000 years ago. So how is it possible that the number of people in the world is affecting our planet?

　　Therefore, it is not an increase in population but an increase in consumption that is a severe threat. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everybody in the western world, as possessions reflect a person’s status in society and people strive to obtain happiness through owning the latest fashionable goods. Not only that, but waste is a common occurrence which has a huge effect on our resources. It is a sad truth that 80% of the world’s resources are currently used by just 20% of the world’s population.

　　Our overconsumption must be addressed now to make our lives more sustainable (可持续的) and avoid continuing the terrible damage to the environment we are causing. The key is education. If we do not work towards this but instead focus on the wrong issue, we may find ourselves living on a planet that can no longer sustain human life.

　　1. According to the author, what causes our current and future global problems?

　　A. The increase in population.

　　B. Shortage of food and water.

　　C. The fast growth of material needs.

　　D. Failure to protect the environment.

　　2. The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.

　　A. fact

　　B. misconception

　　C. possibility

　　D. uncertainty

　　3. The author stresses that _____.

　　A. people should save food and water

　　B. economists are making wrong predictions

　　C. wrong judgment leads to serious consequences

　　D. measures should be taken to reduce population

　　4. What is mainly discussed in the passage?

　　A. The real cause of global problems.

　　B. The severe effect of overpopulation.

　　C. Reasonable use of natural resources.

　　D. Methods to reduce overconsumption.

　　【参考答案】C B C .A

　　阅读理解。

　　For those who study the development of intelligence（智力）in the animal world, self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware（意识）of itself has a high

　　level of intelligence.

　　Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image（反射出的影像）．Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.

　　Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test. "We thought that elephants were the next important animal," said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and Fans B．M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants "seemed like cousins to apes and

　　dolphins."

　　The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put

　　an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals' play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.

　　The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.

　　Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.

　　Diana Reiss said, "We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way."

　　1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?

　　A. Whether they have large brains.

　　B ．Whether they have self-awareness.

　　C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.

　　D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.

　　2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?

　　A. They are most familiar to readers.

　　B ．They are big favorites with zoo visitors.

　　C. They are included in the study by Reiss.

　　D. They are already known to be intelligent.

　　3. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?

　　A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.

　　B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.

　　C. She painted a mark on her own face.

　　D. She found the hidden camera.

　　【参考答案】1---3、BDB

　　阅读理解。

　　An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome.

　　In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong kong.

　　In Chicago, the mayor(市长）appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.

　　The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy

　　And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.

　　Ultinatel was Nancy points out,the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.

　　1.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?

　　A.To invite authors to guide readers.

　　B.To encourage people to read and share.

　　C.To involve people in communnity service.

　　D.To promote the friendship between cities.

　　2.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict?

　　A.They had little interest in reading.

　　B.They were too busy to read a book.

　　C.They came from many different backgrounds

　　D.They lacked support from the locat government

　　3.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out?

　　A.In large communities with little sense of unity

　　B.In large cities where libraries are far from home

　　C.In medium-sized cities with a diverse population

　　D.In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached

　　4.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean

　　A.exchanged ideas with each other

　　B.discussed the meaning of a word

　　C.gamed life experience

　　D.used the same language

　　5.According to Nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by

　　the careful selection of a proper book

　　the growing popularity of the writers

　　C.the number of people who benefit from reading.

　　D.the number of books that each person reads.

　　【参考答案】1---5、BCDAC

　　短文改错

　　下面文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号,并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。

　　修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2.只允许修改10处，多者从第11处不计分。

　　Yesterday I showed to my friend Peter around Beijing city．We started off at 8： 00 a．m．First we went to the Forbidden City, which was one of the most popular tourist spot in Beijing．Then we visited the History Museum．We observed a lot of valuable things in them and we learned a lot about Chinese history．After a quick meal, we went to Beihai Park．Upon arrival, we were all struck by its beautiful scenes．We spent a whole afternoon appreciated the wonder．It was until 18： 00 p．m．that we went back．We did have a wonderful time．Peter was very pleased with my arrangement that he invited me to a new-built western restaurant to have a big meal．

　　【参考答案】4.

　　Yesterday I showed to my friend Peter around Beijing city．We started off at 8： 00

　　a．m．First we went to the Forbidden City, which was one of the most popular tourist

　　is

　　spot in Beijing．Then we visited the History Museum．We observed a lot of valuable

　　spots

　　things in them and we learned a lot about Chinese history．After a quick meal, we went

　　it

　　to Beihai Park．Upon arrival, we were all struck by its beautiful scenes．We spent a

　　both

　　the

　　whole afternoon appreciated the wonder．It was ∧until 18： 00 p．m．that we went back．

　　appreciating

　　not

　　We did have a wonderful time．Peter was very pleased with my arrangement that he

　　so

　　invited me to a new-built western restaurant to have a big meal．

　　newly-built

　　短文改错

　　英语课上,老师要求同桌相互修改作文。假设以下便条为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。便条中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　　3．必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。

　　Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot. I was in greatly pain at that moment, but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until the class was over. Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, I still didn’t tell anyone but even refused the offer of help of my classmates. As result, the hurt in my foot became worse. Now I know I was wrong. We can tell others our need for help and accept his help. Some day we can not help others in return. In this way, we can get along to each other happily and peacefully.

　　【参考答案】5.

　　Today I was having a PE lesson while I fell down and hurt my foot. I was in

　　when

　　greatly pain at that moment, but I tried to act as if nothing has happened until

　　great

　　had

　　the class was over. Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom, I

　　walking

　　still didn’t tell anyone but even refused the offer of help of my classmates.

　　and

　　As ∧result, the hurt in my foot became worse. Now I know I was wrong.

　　a

　　am

　　We can tell others our need for help and accept his help. Some day we can

　　their

　　not help others in return. In this way, we can get along to each other happily

　　去掉not

　　with

　　and peacefully.

　　6.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1．每处错误及其修改均限一词。

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

　　From the picture, we can see that there are many students are wearing glasses, that is，they are short-sighted．As we all know, which is important for everyone to keep good eyesight．But do you know how to protect your eyesight? First, don’t keep your eyes work for a long time．You’d better have rest after you have studied an hour or so．Second, pay much attention to the following．Don’t read under the sun or in a poor light; don’t to read in bed or in a moved bus．Third, do eye-exercise every day．It will also help you keep good eyesight．And last, you should have enough sleep．Only you obey the rules above can you prevent your eyesight from become short-sighted．

　　【参考答案】6.

　　1．students后（加who或去are ）

　　2．which（改it）

　　3．work（改working）

　　4．have后（加a）

　　5．under（改in） 6．don’t to（去掉to ）

　　7．moved（moving） 8．eye-exercise （改eye-exercises）

　　9．Only 后（加if）

　　10．become（改becoming）