2017届高考英语一轮语法专题复习：7 虚拟语气（新人教版）

　　语法专题7 虚拟语气

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．(2015·天津，13改编)I wish I________(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.

　　答案：had been　利用虚拟语气考查时态。句意为：我真希望上周二参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据句中的but可知“参加妹妹的婚礼”只是一种假设，根据空后的时间状语last Tuesday可知，动作发生在过去，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语用“had＋过去分词”结构。故答案为had been。

　　2．(2015·安徽，32改编)It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________have nowhere to stay now.

　　答案：would/could/should/might　句意为：幸亏我们预订了一个房间，要不然我们现在就无处可呆了。根据语境可知，or后面的句子表示与现在事实相反的情况，此处为含蓄虚拟语气，句子谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”结构。

　　3．(2015·四川成都二诊改编)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Han's first film, The Contrinent, ________ be such a huge success.

　　答案：should　句意为：影评家们很吃惊地发现韩寒的第一部电影《后会无期》，竟然获得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”应用should。

　　4．(2015·浙江杭州地区七校模拟改编)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call.

　　答案：had answered　句意为：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。

　　5．(2015·湖南怀化质检改编)Had it not been for my teacher's help, I wouldn't________(win)the first place in contest.

　　答案：have won　条件从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根据句意答案为have won。

　　6．(2017·湖南，22改编)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　答案：had been　句意为：如果杜威先生在场的话，他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的would have offered可以看出，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故应用过去完成时。

　　7．(2017·甘肃天水一中段考改编)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(come) tomorrow than today.

　　答案：came　would rather后面接从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来的假设。

　　8．(2017·陕西，17改编)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　答案：had been　句意为：如果我的车更可靠点儿的话，我去年夏天就会开车去拉萨，而不是坐飞机去了。根据语境可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，故if条件句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词”。

　　9．(2015·北京，34改编)If I________(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldn't have believed it.

　　答案：hadn't seen　根据主句中“wouldn't have believed”可以判断是对过去的虚拟。句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

　　10．(2015·陕西，23改编)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反，谓语动词用could/should/would do；叙述与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done。由语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反，故谓语动词用过去式。句意：艾伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。

　　.语法填空

　　在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　(2015·广东省六校联考改编)

　　Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents become “the world's first harm”．

　　Two months ago, after __2__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.

　　__6__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8__(family) were destroyed.

　　I wish more people __9__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. Always remember: refuse __10__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!

　　1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______

　　6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______

　　答案：

　　1．which　thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。

　　2．drinking　after在此是介词，后跟动名词。

　　3．heavily　修饰was drunk用副词。

　　4．but　由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。

　　5．the　特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。

　　6．Had　根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。

　　7．hadn't died　if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。

　　8．families　集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。

　　9．could　wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。

　　10．to drink　refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。