2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习：Unit 4 Pygmalion（新人教版选修8）

　　Unit 4 Pygmalion

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2015·沈阳一模)

　　When Shakespeare was twenty­one, he went to London, a very interesting place, to try his fortune.

　　There were the famous London Bridge and St. Paul's Cathedral, and palaces and markets and long streets full of shops.

　　Then, too, there were the daily crowds where could be seen people from all over the world. Knights, scholars and highwaymen (拦路强盗)or thieves who had been infamous for their clever robberies, passed by each other.

　　Here, also, were noblemen dressed in gold, from Italy, Spain and France; slaves from Spanish America, sea captains and ministers, soldiers and servants—all held by chances or interests within the gray walls which circled London, and whose gates gave welcome to as strange a crowd as could be found in the world.

　　Into this curious crowd came Shakespeare, quick to see and eager to learn. And before long all these strange sights were as familiar to him as the faces of his own town's residents. Each one told its story to him so plainly that, as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods, so now he learned men and men's interests that make up the great world.

　　And he learned these lessons so well that when he came to write his plays, he made such use of them as no writer ever made before or since; for it is the use of this knowledge of the world, combined with his own genius, that makes Shakespeare the greatest dramatist that has ever lived.

　　文章大意：本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦后的经历，他很快适应了那里的生活，并把自己所观察到的事情融入自己的创作。

　　1．What was London like in Shakespeare's eyes when he first went there?

　　A．Dirty and small.

　　B．Strange and interesting.

　　C．Infamous and terrible.

　　D．Familiar and modern.

　　答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a very interesting place”和第五段中的“all these strange sights”可知，在Shakespeare的眼中，伦敦是一个有趣而陌生的城市，即B项正确。

　　2．Which of the following best describes Shakespeare?

　　A．Shakespeare got inspiration to write from his hometown, London.

　　B．Shakespeare was eager to make friends with the noblemen in London.

　　C．Shakespeare was good at observing and learning from the daily life.

　　D．Shakespeare became the greatest dramatist owing to his own genius.

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Shakespeare来到伦敦不久之后，通过观察和学习了解了伦敦，并适应了那里的生活，由此可推断出，Shakespeare擅长观察日常生活并从中学习，故C项正确。

　　3．What does the underlined word “one” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

　　A．Crowd. B．Sight.

　　C．Face. D．Resident.

　　答案：B　词义猜测题。画线词后的“as before he had learned the secrets of the fields and woods”的意思为“正如他以前所学到的田野和树林的秘密那样”，根据这句话可知，one指的是像田野和树林一样的景象，故B项正确。

　　4．The passage probably comes from________.

　　A．a poster B．a textbook

　　C．an advertisement D．an announcement

　　答案：B　推理判断题。本文主要讲述了莎士比亚到伦敦的经历，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在一本教材中，故B项正确。

　　B

　　(2015·山东省威海市二模)

　　Big cats have existed on the earth for millions of years, though scientists aren't sure exactly how long. But a new study indicates that a skull(颅骨) of a snow leopard(豹) relative that was recently unearthed is 4.4 million years old. That makes it the oldest big cat fossil(化石) ever found.

　　A team of US and Chinese scientists unearthed the skull in Tibet. This creature is not a direct ancestor to big cats, but it is closely related to the snow leopard, study leader Jack Tseng told the Associated Press. The fossil lends evidence to the belief that big cats existed in Asia and spread out from there.

　　Big cats are at the top of the food chain and have few predators of their own. Big cats include snow leopards, clouded leopards, tigers and lions. Based on genetic judgements, most scientists believe they first existed in Central Asia. But previously, the oldest known big cat fossil was 3.6 million years old and found in Africa.

　　The new fossil findings were published in the November 13 issue of the science journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. Tseng and his team were fossil hunting in the Himalayas in 2010 when they discovered some bones, including the buried cat skull. The researchers were able to determine its age by studying the surrounding rocks and soil. The skull indicates that the animal was about the size of a clouded leopard, which can grow up to 50 pounds. In 2017, the team returned to unearth more cat bones.

　　David Polly from Indiana University told the Associated Press that the fossil is “convincingly older than the_current_record_holder”. He added that there could be even older big cat fossils in the Tibetan plateau to uncover.

　　文章大意：本文讲述了最新考古发现——一个大型猫科动物的颅骨化石。

　　5．What does the newly unearthed skull prove?

　　A．Big cats might have their origins in Asia.

　　B．The oldest fossil is 4.4 million years old.

　　C．The snow leopard is the oldest big cat.

　　D．The skull is of big cats' direct ancestor.

　　答案：A　推理判断题。由第二段最后一句话“The fossil lends evidence to the belief that big cats existed in Asia and spread out from there.”可推知，该化石使我们相信大型猫科动物起源于亚洲，然后繁衍到其他地方。

　　6．What does the underlined word in Paragraph 3 mean?

　　A．relatives. B．enemies.

　　C．partners. D．protectors

　　答案：B　猜测词义题。所在句意为“大型猫科动物位于食物链的顶端，所以几乎没有天敌”。

　　7．How do the researchers know the skull's age?

　　A．By measuring its size and forehead.

　　B．By examining other bones around it.

　　C．By studying its chemical composition.

　　D．By exploring the rocks and soil around it.

　　答案：D　细节理解题。由第四段第三句话“The researchers were able to determine its age by studying the surrounding rocks and soil.”可知，通过研究化石周围的岩石和土壤来测量化石的年代。

　　8．Where was “the current record holder” in the last paragraph found?

　　A．Asia. B．Africa.

　　C．America. D．Australia.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。画线词意为“现在的纪录保持者”，应该指的是新化石发现之前的最古老的化石；而第三段最后一句话“But previously, the oldest known big cat fossil was 3.6 million years old and found in Africa.”可知，它是在非洲发现的。

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。

　　Many people want to grow their own garden, but the simply do not have the room. Do not worry. __1__ Consider container gardening.

　　The great thing about container gardening is that you can use a variety of different containers. __2__ You could create a beautiful garden with things such as cement blocks, hanging baskets, clay pots, or window boxes. There are so many options when it comes to container gardening; it is only limited by your imagination.

　　Of course, you will want to take the following into consideration when you are ready to begin container gardening, in order for it to be successful. First, you should avoid any containers that have been used to store chemicals, as well as treated wood. __3__ Second, with any container that you choose, you need to ensure that it has adequate drainage(排水系统). It may be necessary for you to create holes in the container to help this along. You should also make sure the containers are placed on a raised surface, not upon the floor, to ensure the best possible drainage. Third, ensure that the containers you choose are appropriate in size for the plants you choose. __4__

　　If you like fresh veggies, you could consider container gardening with vegetables. This requires a process that differs from that of flower gardening. __5__ They can help you choose the right containers for the vegetables you are wishing to grow.

　　A．You simply have to use your imagination.

　　B．You need to prevent the roots from overgrowing the container.

　　C．There is a solution.

　　D．Talk to an employee at a supply store in your area.

　　E．It's not hard.

　　F．This could lead to the sudden death of your flowers and the failure of your container garden.

　　G. Some gardeners have different views.

　　文章大意：本文是说明文。你曾经为没有足够大的场地种植园艺而苦恼吗？何不试试容器园艺呢？

　　1．C　本文提供了一种在缺乏场地、空间不足时种植园艺的解决方案，也就是容器园艺，因而答案为C。

　　2．A　本段提到了各种各样用来进行种植的容器，最后一句说明容器的选择只受想象力的制约，由此可知答案为A。

　　3．F　由前一句可知，装过化学品的容器，或是经过防腐处理的木质容器，是不利于种植的，因此答案为F。

　　4．B　由前一句可知，容器的大小应该合适，由常识可知，大的容器浪费空间、小的容器会盛不下植物，由此可知答案为B。

　　5．D　本段主要讲种植蔬菜和花卉的过程是不同的，同时提供了建议，由后一句可判断设空处的句子是建议的内容，因此答案为D。

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Dear American guests，

　　On behalf for our school, I would like to express our warmly welcome to you. We are lucky to have us here in the middle of our English Week activities.

　　As scheduled, we had English Talent Show today. The purpose of this programme is develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and spoken. The programme consists of the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story told and so on. The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Center. Dear guests, you are welcome to take a part in our activities. I hope we students will benefit great from your presence.

　　I sincerely hope you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.

　　答案：

　　Dear American guests，

　　On behalf

　　our school, I would like to express our

　　welcome to you. We are lucky to have

　　here in the middle of our English Week activities.

　　As scheduled, we

　　English Talent Show today. The purpose of this programme is

　　develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and . The programme consists of the following activities: recitation, singing, word spelling, story

　　and so on. The Show will begin at two o'clock this afternoon at the Student Center. Dear guests, you are welcome to take

　　a

　　part in our activities. I hope we students will benefit

　　from your presence.

　　I sincerely

　　you a pleasant time with us. Thank you.

　　1．命题立意：考查介词短语。

　　解析：for→of　on behalf of “代表”是固定搭配。

　　2．命题立意：考查形容词。

　　解析：warmly→warm　welcome这儿是名词，应当用warm作定语。

　　3．命题立意：考查代词。

　　解析：us→you　逻辑错误；这儿应当用you代指American guests。

　　4．命题立意：考查时态。

　　解析：had→have　today表示“现在”的时间状语，故应用一般现在时态。

　　5．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　解析：develop前加to　不定式作表语；不可以用动词原形直接作表语。

　　6．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　解析：spoken→speaking　介词后应当用动名词作宾语，speaking与listening并列。

　　7．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

　　解析：told→telling　最简单的办法是，看看前面的word spelling。

　　8．命题立意：考查冠词。

　　解析：去掉a　take part in 参加是固定短语，当part前有定语修饰时，定语前加不定冠词。

　　9．命题立意：考查副词。

　　解析：great→greatly　greatly作状语，修饰benefit。

　　10．命题立意：考查动词。

　　解析：hope→wish　hope不能接双宾语，用wish