2017届高考英语一轮考点规范练：必修5 Unit 3 Science and nature（牛津译林版）.

　　考点规范练15(模块五　Unit 3)

　　　考点规范练第30页　 

　　.阅读理解

　　A

　　We get it:You’re tired.You’re busy.And your shoes are way over there.Excuses are OK sometimes,but not every day—and especially not today.So put on your sneakers,get up off the couch,and let us kick your excuses to the curb(路牙子).

　　“I...dislike...panting(气喘)!”

　　Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon,which will kill your confidence.But you don’t have to be huffing and puffing to get a workout.Active doesn’t have to mean high-intensity(高强度).It’s just about moving. 

　　“I hate exercise.”

　　It may seem unbearable,but you just have to get started.Exercise releases endorphins (your brain’s own feel-good chemicals),which can be habit-forming.What’s the best exercise?The one you’ll do regularly.So you may hate running.Don’t run!Ride your bike or just dance.Even cleaning your room is active.As long as you’re moving and getting your blood pumping,it counts.So get creative.

　　“I don’t have time.”

　　You may not have lots of time to spare when you’re busy with schoolwork,but we bet you can find 10 minutes.Bonus:An activity break will send oxygen to your brain,making you super-alert(超级警觉的) and more creative too.Famous thinkers like Aristotle and Steve Jobs liked “walking meetings,”and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while you brainstorm about a tough task or memorize your English vocabulary.

　　“I never see results!”

　　Even if you train with the help of a professional,you won’t see results right away.But you will feel them almost immediately.Don’t focus on how your body looks—focus on how you feel.Keep a journal of when you exercise(or don’t) and how you feel that day:Stressed?Focused?Tired?When you start noticing the amazing effects of exercise,you’ll have no excuses.

　　【语篇导读】本文是议论文。文章反驳了几种不运动的借口。

　　1.The underlined part “huffing and puffing” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “　”. 

　　A.moving aroundB.breathing heavily

　　C.feeling confident D.wearing nice shoes

　　答案:B

　　解析:词义猜测题。由上文的“I...dislike...panting(气喘)!”及“Being really out of breath may mean you’re trying too much too soon...”以及下文的high-intensity可推断,画线部分意思是“气喘吁吁”。

　　2.In the author’s eyes,the best exercise is the one that 　. 

　　A.is very relaxing

　　B.you will stick to

　　C.produces good results

　　D.you can spare time on

　　答案:B

　　解析:细节理解题。由第三段中的“What’s the best exercise?The one you’ll do regularly.”可知,作者建议人们做任何自己能够坚持下去的运动项目。

　　3.Steve Jobs is mentioned to prove that doing exercise 　. 

　　A.is good for one’s figure

　　B.is good for one’s health

　　C.makes one much happier

　　D.makes one more productive

　　答案:D

　　解析:推理判断题。由第四段中的“...making you super-alert(超级警觉的) and more creative too.”及“Steve Jobs liked ‘walking meetings,’and you can follow in their footsteps by moving around while...”可推断,乔布斯的例子是为了证明做运动可以使人们的工作效率更高。

　　4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　A.Exercise excuses we are not buying

　　B.Benefits of regular physical activity

　　C.The best exercise and fitness routines

　　D.How to get started with an exercise plan

　　答案:A

　　解析:主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章列了四个不运动的借口并逐一反驳。故A项最适合作本文的标题。

　　B

　　I always pictured myself graduating from college,getting a cool job and even having a cute little place of my own.So far,I have a master’s degree and the coolest job ever as a physician assistant.But instead of waking up in a pretty apartment,I hear the early-morning sound of my parents making coffee downstairs.

　　At 27,I still live with my parents,and I love it.

　　My decision to live at home was not one of absolute necessity.As a physician assistant,I make a good salary and would be able to live on my own comfortably if I needed to do so.By the time I finished graduate school,I had had a $150,000 debt from both undergraduate and graduate education.With several of these loans earning a 7.9% interest rate,my father calculated that my loans were increasing by $15 a day in interest alone.At this rate,it would take me 30 years to pay off my student loans,with much of the payment going straight to interest.At last,I decided to live with my parents.

　　Beyond the endless supply of home-cooked meals,the best thing about moving back home is that I am not alone.Several of my physician assistant friends are in the same boat as I am—we are all highly educated,white-collar employees who live at home.Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea because many of them are facing the same piles of debt.They often say if they could do it all again,they would do the same thing.

　　There’s a stigma(耻辱) that comes along with this arrangement.Some people might assume that we are too lazy to find a job.I don’t think my neighbors understand it,as they continually ask me when I am going to graduate and if I am old enough to look after their children.My mom just tells them that I’m successful,well-educated and that I save lives.

　　I love living at home.Now I’ve paid off $68,000 of my student loans.Our new relationship is symbiotic(共生的).My parents benefit from having an extra set of hands around the house to help with housework and a constant source to explain all pop-culture references.

　　【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者毕业后和父母住在一起的故事。

　　5.The author once imagined 　. 

　　A.having her own beautiful house

　　B.having her parents pay off her loans

　　C.living with her parents after graduation

　　D.always being taken care of by her parents

　　答案:A

　　解析:细节理解题。由第一段开头的“I always pictured myself...even having a cute little place of my own.”可知答案为A项。

　　6.Why did the author decide to live with her parents?

　　A.Because she missed them very much.

　　B.Because she couldn’t cook by herself.

　　C.Because she needed to repay a huge debt.

　　D.Because she was not able to support herself.

　　答案:C

　　解析:细节理解题。由第三段可知,作者为读本科和研究生欠下了利息高昂的巨额债务,为尽快偿还贷款,她决定和父母住在一起。

　　7.What is the author’s co-workers’ attitude towards her living with her parents?

　　A.Critical. B.Approving.

　　C.Doubtful. D.Uninterested.

　　答案:B

　　解析:推理判断题。由第四段末的“Our co-workers in the medical field think it is a great idea...they would do the same thing.”可推断,作者的同事赞成她和父母住在一起。

　　8.The author’s neighbors ask her to look after their kids mainly because 　. 

　　A.they know she is a helpful lady

　　B.they know she is well-educated

　　C.they think she doesn’t have a job

　　D.they think she is popular with kids

　　答案:C

　　解析:推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Some people might assume that we are too lazy to find a job.I don’t think my neighbors understand it...”可推断,邻居们让作者照顾孩子是因为他们以为作者是因为没有工作才住在父母的家里。

　　Ⅱ.七选五

　　Don’t scratch that itch!

　　Got an itch(痒)?1.　 Scratching an itch can make it worse and now scientists know why.Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St.Louis have discovered that scratching causes the brain to produce a chemical called serotonin(血清素),which makes the itching more intense(强烈的). 

　　Scientists have long known that scratching causes a mild sensation(感知) of pain in your skin.2.　 Yet pain signals that travel to your brain relieve the itching only temporarily.The problem,says researcher Zhou-Feng Chen,is that when the brain receives those pain signals,it produces serotonin to help control the pain.When serotonin travels along the spinal cord(脊髓),it can“jump tracks,”moving from pain-sensing nerve cells to those that influence itch intensity.3. 

　　Although Chen conducted his study on mice,the same annoying cycle of itching and scratching is thought to occur in humans.4. Not exactly,says Chen.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter(神经传递介质).It is involved in growth,aging,and mood regulation.Blocking serotonin would have far-reaching effects throughout the body,Chen explains.

　　The researchers are looking for other ways to break the cycle so they can help people with itchy conditions.One possibility:Affecting the communication between serotonin and the nerve cells that transmit the itchy sensation.5. 

　　A.Try to resist scratching it.

　　B.Until then,try not to scratch!

　　C.This pain masks the itchy feeling.

　　D.The result:The itch will be more and stronger.

　　E.So can blocking serotonin make you itch-free?

　　F.If the itch is really bothering you,talk to your doctor.

　　G.Scientists discover why scratching an itch can make it worse.

　　答案与解析:

　　【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章解释了挠痒痒会越挠越痒的原因。

　　1.A　解析:A项与上文的“Got an itch?”相呼应,并且下文的“Scratching an itch can make it worse...”与A项是因果关系。

　　2.C　解析:C项与上文的“causes a mild sensation of pain”及下文的“Yet pain signals that travel to your brain relieve the itching only temporarily.”相呼应。

　　3.D　解析:根据第一段末的“serotonin,which makes the itching more intense”及此空前的“serotonin...moving from pain-sensing nerve cells to those that influence itch intensity”可推断,挠痒痒的结果是使血清素从有痛感的神经细胞转移到影响痒的强度的神经细胞,从而使人感觉更痒。故D项正确。

　　4.E　解析:E项与下文的“Not exactly,says Chen.Serotonin is a neurotransmitter(神经传递介质).It is involved in growth,aging,and mood regulation.Blocking serotonin would...”相呼应。

　　5.B　解析:B项与上文的“The researchers are looking for other ways to break the cycle so they can help people with itchy conditions.One possibility...”相呼应。

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　假设你是新华中学学生会主席李华,你校将在下周五下午两点到五点在学校礼堂举行主题为“学会感恩”的英语演讲比赛。请你写信给附近某大学的外教怀特教授,邀请他前来担任评委并请他在赛后进行总结发言。

　　注意:1.词数100左右;

　　2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

　　3.信的格式和开头已给出,但不计入总词数。

　　Dear Professor White,

　　I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Students’ Union of Xinhua Middle School, 

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Hua

　　参考范文:

　　Dear Professor White, 

　　I’m Li Hua,chairman of the Students’ Union of Xinhua Middle School,which is close to your university.I am writing to invite you to serve as the judge of our English speech contest.It starts at 2 pm next Friday in the school hall and lasts three hours.And the topic of the contest is “Learning to be grateful”. 

　　Other judges are all the English teachers in our school.I’d appreciate it if you could set aside some time and attend our contest.As a respected expert,you are expected to deliver a summary speech after the contest.Please contact me if you have any questions.

　　We are looking forward to seeing you at the contest.

　　Yours sincerely, 

　　Li Hua