2016届高考英语二轮复习冲刺练：19 阅读+语法填空+短文改错+书面表达

　　第19练　阅读＋语法填空＋短文改错＋书面表达

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　体裁：科普文　话题：科学世界　词数：360　时间：8′

　　Several years after it was introduced to the world，the advanced Japanese robot Asimo is still serving only as an experimentation.Even if available for the market，it would be too expensive for ordinary families.

　　It is much easier and cheaper to build a robot like Jibo，which uses simple movements and has the ability to interact with people through sound，pictures and touch.

　　Massachusetts

　　Institute

　　of

　　Technology researcher Cynthia Breazeal created Jibo first as a tool for exploring how people communicate with technology.

　　“Jibo as a robot is something that can move，with cameras that can move and see you and interact with you like a living thing，so to speak.It can bring satisfaction to life off the screen in an entirely new way，” explained Brezeal.

　　Jibo can remind you about appointments，take photos，entertain people and tell stories to children.It also has touch－sensitive(触感的) technology.

　　“People often communicate through touch，so they might pat Jibo if it does something that they

　　like and Jibo can actually learn from that，” said Breazeal.

　　Doctors at Amici di Nico Autism Center，in

　　Lecce，Italy，use a small talking robot to treat autistic

　　(孤独症) children.

　　11－year－old

　　Marco

　　has

　　shown

　　great

　　improvement in focusing and communication since he started playing with the robot that carefully keeps track of the child's behavior，said engineer Giuseppe Palestra.

　　“We would like to be one step ahead of state of the art，so that we can make the human－robot

　　interaction better，” said Palestra.

　　Researchers say they want to develop robots that can be programmed for individual patients，because each child reacts differently to outside

　　information.

　　French researcher Pierre Lebeau's family robot

　　Keecker was designed as an entertainment robot that can follow its owner around.

　　“I came up with the idea of a computer with a

　　projector (投影仪) inside and a great sound system

　　and a camera，something that can move and go to

　　any room to give me a kind of TV－like experience，but anywhere I want without the cables(电缆)，”said

　　Lebeau.

　　Researchers

　　say

　　robots

　　intended

　　for

　　entertainment may soon be on the market with prices

　　ranging from about $500 to $5，000—still expensive for ordinary buyers.Medical robots are still in the experimental period but they too point to what we can expect from artificial intelligence (人工智能) in the near future.

　　【语篇解读】　民用机器人有望在不久的将来走入普通家庭。

　　1．Asimo hasn't come on the market mainly because it ________．

　　A．is too expensive

　　B．lacks too many functions

　　C．needs improvement

　　D．is actually not a success

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段“...the advanced Japanese robot Asimo is still serving only as an experimentation.”可知，这个机器人仍处于实验阶段，由此可推知它还需要改进。]

　　2．What do you know about Jibo?

　　A．It was created for experiments.

　　B．It is the first family robot.

　　C．It is sold only within Japan.

　　D．It is equipped with a projector.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段“...created Jibo first as a tool for exploring how people communicate with technology.”可知，机器人Jibo是为了实验而被制造出来的。]

　　3．According to researchers，medical robots ________．

　　A．have been put into use widely

　　B．should be more individual

　　C．still can' t interact with humans

　　D．should have some character of art

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第四段内容可知，研究者认为机器人应该被改进得更适合个体病人。]

　　4Which robots could people probably buy on the market first?

　　A．Robots for treatment.

　　B．Robots made in Japan.

　　C．Robots as a waitress.

　　D．Robots for entertainment.

　　答案　D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“Researchers say robots intended for entertainment may soon be on the market...”可知，最先投放市场的有可能是用于娱乐的机器人。]

　　B

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：黑猩猩与人类权利平等　词数：425　时间：7′

　　He has his own radio.He has lots of toys.He even has a TV.From what Patrick Lavery said，Tommy has it pretty good.“We've devoted our lives to taking care of these chimps which have no place to go，” Lavery told the Associated Press.

　　Right now，Tommy lives with the Laverys near Albany，New York.But if some animal－rights activists get their way，he will soon be living in a chimp shelter in Florida.And he will be considered a person.

　　“Tommy has the autonomy (自主权) and self－determination that is enough for him to be a legal person，” said Steven Wise，a lawyer for a group called the Nonhuman Rights Project.He also said that Tommy should be removed from the Laverys' home.He argued that Tommy's rights were being infringed(侵犯) because he lived all alone in a cage.And he asked that court make Tommy a “person，”for legal purposes，in order to free the chimp from his current living arrangement.

　　The court is now deciding whether to declare Tommy a person.At the hearing，some of the justices were skeptical (怀疑的)—especially when Wise compared Tommy's situation to slavery.His argument was that slaves were once considered wealth instead of persons，just as Tommy is now.“Courts sometimes don't like us to compare the ‘thinghood’ of Tommy with the

　　‘thinghood’ of human slavery，” Wise said.“I have to tell you，I keep having a difficult time in your using slavery as an analogy (比喻)for this situation，” said Presiding Justice Karen Peters.“You might want to find out another argument.”

　　But Lavery said that he considered the concept of making Tommy a person absurd.Tommy works in the entertainment industry before retiring，so he is not used to being around other chimps.“We would place him in the shelter if we had the opportunity，” Lavery said.“But he has special needs.He can't go just anywhere.He has never been associated with other chimps.And he could get hurt if he went in the wrong atmosphere.”

　　Wise disagrees.“Tommy does not want to be imprisoned for his

　　life in a cage.He's an extraordinarily complex being.He can understand the past.He can look forward to the future.And he suffers in solitary confinement (单独监禁)as much as a human being.”

　　【语篇解读】　Lavery和动物维权人士代表Wise就该不该给黑猩猩与人类同等的权利在法庭上进行辩论。

　　5．The argument between Lavery and Wise is ________．

　　A．whether Tommy should be considered a person with rights

　　B．whether Tommy should be removed from the Laverys' home

　　C．whether people should protect Tommy against being misused

　　D．whether people should take good care of those chimps in cages

　　答案　A　[主Lavery家有一只黑猩猩，但动物给权人士将Lavery告上法庭，要求他马上将这只黑猩猩送往动物避难所，他们认为它和人类一样有同等的权利。二人就黑猩猩是否与人类有同等的权利展开了辩论。]

　　6．It is implied in the fourth paragraph that ________．

　　A．Wise was not good at organizing his speech

　　B．some justices were not interested in animals' rights

　　C．Tommy lived in such a bad situation as slaves once did

　　D．Wise's argument was unable to convince justices

　　答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第四段“At the hearing，some of the justices were skeptical—especially when Wise compared Tommy's situation to slavery...‘You might want to find out another argument.’”可知，Wise将Tommy的情形比做成奴隶的情形，这让法庭上的法官表示怀疑，让他找到其他的证据。由此可推知，Wise所列的证据没能说服法庭上的法官。]

　　7．Why hasn't Lavery placed Tommy in an animal shelter?

　　A．Because Tommy is in great need of special care.

　　B．Because Lavery hasn't found a proper shelter so far.

　　C．Because Lavery has been getting well along with Tommy.

　　D．Because Tommy may not get used to living with other chimps.

　　答案　D　[细节Tommy works in the entertainment industry before retiring，so he is not used to being around other chimps...He has never been associated with other chimps.And he could get hurt if he went in the wrong atmosphere.”可知，Tommy以前没有跟其它黑猩猩一起生活过，所以将它放在动

　　8．Which of the following statements is true?

　　A．Wise won a lot of support from justices to fight against Lavery's behavior.

　　B．Tommy is confined by Lavery in order not to be harmed by others.

　　C．Wise thinks that Tommy has thoughts like human beings.

　　D．Wise doesn't think that Tommy likes to live with Lavery.

　　答案　C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tommy does not want to be imprisoned for his

　　life in a cage.He's an extraordinarily complex being.He can understand the past.He can look forward to the future.”可知，Wise，认为Tommy不想被关在笼子里。它是非常复杂的生物。它不但了解过去，还可以展望未来。由此可推知，Wise认为Tommy有像人类一样的思维能力。]

　　Ⅱ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　The news that we're running out of chocolate came from the world's largest confectionary producer(糖果点心生产商)．They said the increasing demand had helped chocolate prices rise twice as much __9__ eight years ago.

　　The supplier，which provides chocolate for global giants，has predicted that more than 1.7 million tons will __10__(sell) by the end of the next year.__11__，there are limited quantities of the cocoa.__12__(affect) by disease and drought，the production of cocoa，most of which comes from West Africa，has dropped these years.Besides，some surprising events have an effect on the production，__13__(include) the Ebola outbreak.So __14__ the producers are worried about is that the world may be in a production shortfall(缺口) for about five decades.That means as production rises，so __15__(do) the price.But we are getting hungrier for chocolate no matter how high the price will be，__16__(especial) in developing nations.That leaves producers with little choice but __17__(raise) prices or make bars __18__(small) than ever before or pack them with fruit and nuts.

　　答案　9.as　10.have been sold　11.However　12.Having been affected　13.including　14.what　15.does16．especially　17.to raise　18.smaller

　　Ⅲ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Yesterday，fifty American students came to visit our school.We gather at the school gate at 8 o'clock to give them a warmly welcome.Then we had a get－together in the reading room.Our headmaster introduced our school to them.And then us，the youth from America and China，chatted and exchanged gifts for each other.At nine thirty，we showed them about our school：our classroom building，the lab building，and the factory running by our school.Then it followed a friendly basketball game.All of us had wonderful time，but we promised to keep in touch with each other from then on.I was pleased what I was brave enough to chat with them in English.

　　答案　

　　Yesterday，fifty American students came to visit our school.We

　　at the school gate at 8 o' clock to give them a

　　welcome.Then we had a get－together in the reading room.Our headmaster introduced our school to them.And then，the youth from America and China，chatted and exchanged gifts

　　each other.At nine thirty，we showed them

　　our school：our classroom building，the lab building，and the factory

　　by our school.Then

　　followed a friendly basketball game.All of us had

　　wonderful time， we promised to keep in touch with each other from then on.I was pleased

　　I was brave enough to chat with them in English.

　　Ⅳ.书面表达

　　请你(李华)根据下面要点给你的美国笔友Ben写一封信，向他介绍你的梦想——成为第二个姚明。

　　要点：1.你16岁，身高1.82米，从小就喜欢打篮球；

　　2．你是学校篮球队主力，校篮球队是你市著名的球队；

　　3．你的梦想就是成为第二

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．开头和结尾已为你写好。

　　Dear Ben，

　　I am very glad to hear from you.And I am going to share my dream with you.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Good luck to you!

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua

　　【参考范文】

　　Dear__Ben，

　　I__am__very__glad__to__hear__from__you.And__I__am__going__to__share__my__dream__with__you.

　　All my good friends know that my dream is to become a famous basketball player like Yao Ming.When I was a little boy，I liked playing basketball very much.Now I am a sixteen－year－old boy who is 1.82 meters tall.Because of my heightI am one of the leading players of our school basketball team，which is rather famous in our city.In my mind，Yao Ming is a perfect basketball player whom the Chinese people are proud of.Although our training is rather tough，I don't care at all.Because I want to make my motherland proud as Yao Ming does.

　　Good__luck__to__you!

　　Yours__sincerely，

　　Li__Hua