2016届高考英语二轮复习微专题强化训练：1 语法必备 6 情态动词与虚拟语气

　　情态动词与虚拟语气

　　一、单句填空

　　1．(2015·北京，29改编)—Can't you stay a little longer?

　　—It's getting late.I really________go now. My daughter is home alone.

　　答案：must　句意为：——你不能再呆一会儿吗？——天色晚了。我真的必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。根据语境中“天晚了”和“女儿一个人在家”可知，这里表示必须得走了。must意为“必须”。

　　2．(2015·安徽黄山第二次质检改编)—I'm afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me.

　　—Well, if you ________， at least wait till the heavy rain stops.

　　答案：must　句意为：——恐怕现在我不得不离开了，因为你知道，他在等我。——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根据语境可知填must，意为“偏要；非得”。

　　3．(2017·陕西，25改编)My book，The House of Hades, is missing.Who ______ have taken it?

　　答案：could　句意为：我那本《决战冥王圣殿》不见了。谁会把它拿走了呢？由句意可知，设空处表示说话者对过去发生事情的一种疑问的推测，故填could。

　　4．(2015·安徽，32改编)It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________have nowhere to stay now.

　　答案：would/could/should/might　句意为：幸亏我们预订了一个房间，要不然我们现在就无处可呆了。根据语境可知，or后面的句子表示与现在事实相反的情况，此处为含蓄虚拟语气，句子谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”结构。

　　5．(2015·四川成都二诊改编)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Han's first film, The Contrinent, ________ be such a huge success.

　　答案：should　句意为：影评家们很吃惊地发现韩寒的第一部电影《后会无期》，竟然获得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”应用should。

　　6．(2015·浙江杭州地区七校模拟改编)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call.

　　答案：had answered　句意为：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。

　　7．(2015·湖南怀化质检改编)Had it not been for my teacher's help, I wouldn't________(win)the first place in contest.

　　答案：have won　条件从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根据句意答案为have won。

　　8．(2017·湖南，22改编)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

　　答案：had been　句意为：如果杜威先生在场的话，他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的would have offered可以看出，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故应用过去完成时。

　　9．(2017·甘肃天水一中段考改编)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(come) tomorrow than today.

　　答案：came　would rather后面接从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来的假设。

　　10．(2017·陕西，17改编)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.

　　答案：had been　句意为：如果我的车更可靠点儿的话，我去年夏天就会开车去拉萨，而不是坐飞机去了。根据语境可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，故if条件句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词”。

　　11．(2015·北京，34改编)If I________(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldn't have believed it.

　　答案：hadn't seen　根据主句中“wouldn't have believed”可以判断是对过去的虚拟。句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。

　　12．(2015·天津，7改编)I ________have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　答案：needn't　needn't have done为情态动词中表虚拟的用法，意思为“本不必做某事却做了”。

　　13．(2015·陕西，21改编)You ________feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　答案：may　情态动词may表推测时，意为“或许，可能”。句意：你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我敢百分百保证，你以后一定会感恩你这么做了。

　　14．(2015·陕西，23改编)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反，谓语动词用could/should/would do；叙述与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done。由语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反，故谓语动词用过去式。句意：艾伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。

　　15．(2015·福建，27改编)—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.

　　—Oh，it's too bad.You ________ have made full preparations.

　　答案：should　should have done本应该干某事而事实上没干。由failed可知“我”没做好充分的准备，因此用should have done。

　　二、语法填空

　　(2015·广东省六校联考改编)

　　Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others.

　　At present,

　　traffic accidents become “the world's first harm”．

　　Two months ago, after __2__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. He was __3__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died.

　　__6__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle.

　　Therefore,

　　two __8__(family) were destroyed.

　　I wish more people __9__(can) realize the seriousness

　　of

　　drunk

　　driving

　　and

　　obey

　　the

　　traffic regulationsfaithfully.Alwaysremember：refuse __10__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　答案：

　　1．which　thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。

　　2．drinking　after在此是介词，后跟动名词。

　　3．heavily　修饰was drunk用副词。

　　4．but　由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。

　　5．the　特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。

　　6．Had　根据主句中的would not have happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填Had。

　　7．hadn't died　if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。

　　8．families　集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。

　　9．could　wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。

　　10．to drink　refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。

　　三、语法填空

　　(2015·长春市二模)

　　A man went to a barbershop to have his hair cut. As the barber began to work, they started chatting. They talked __1__ so many things and various subjects. When they __2__(final) touched on the subject of God, the barber said，“I don't believe that God exists.”

　　“Why do you say that？” asked the customer.

　　“Well, you just have to go out in

　　__3__

　　street to prove that. Tell me, if God existed, would there be so many sick people? Would there be abandoned children? If God existed, there

　　__4__ be neither suffering nor pain. I can't imagine __5__(love) a God who would allow all of these things to happen.”

　　The customer thought for a moment, but didn't respond because he didn't want to start an __6__(argue). After everything __7__(do) and just after he left the barber's, he saw a man in the street with long dirty hair. The customer entered the barber's again and said, “You know what?

　　__8__ do not exist. ”

　　“How can you say that？” asked the surprised Barber. “I am here, and I am a barber. And I just __9__(work) on you！”

　　“No！” the customer said. “barbers don't exist because __10__

　　they did, there would be no people with dirty long hair, like that man outside.”

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一名机智的顾客用诙谐的语言来反驳理发师的“上帝不存在”观点的故事。

　　1．答案：about　talk about sth.为固定短语，意为“谈论某事”。故填about。

　　2．答案：finally　空格处修饰整个时间状语从句，应用副词。故填finally。

　　3．答案：the　in the street为固定短语，意为“在大街上”。故填the。

　　4．答案：would/should/could/might　分析句子结构可知，此句为表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主句应用“would/should/could/might＋do”形式。故填would/should/could/might。

　　5．答案：loving　imagine后的动词应用­ing形式，故填loving。

　　6．答案：argument　因为空格前有不定冠词an，所以空格处应用argue的名词形式。故填argument。

　　7．答案：was done　分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，且应用被动语态。再结合文章的时态是一般过去时可知，应填was done。

　　8．答案：Barbers　根据下文中的“Barbers don't exist”可知，此处应填Barbers。

　　9．答案：worked　分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词，且由于理发师刚给这位顾客理了发，故应用一般过去时。故填worked。

　　10．答案：if　此处缺少引导条件状语从句“________ they did”的连词if，表示“如果理发师真的存在……”。

　　四、短文改错

　　Nothing is impossible! If you have a dream, your dream will must come true as long as you always work hard. To tell you truth, my dream is common. I want to be a doctor. There was a time that I was in hospital. I saw with my own eyes that a doctor fights all night to save a baby's life. I was touched by the kindly behavior of the doctor. I think doctors are the greatest. We can make patients recover from a disease. However, I am determined to be a doctor to help whomever suffers from illnesses. I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy. At the same time, I will devote myself to treat patients. In a word, if I become a doctor in the future, I will try my best to help each patient. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every subjects so that I can go to a key university.

　　答案：

　　Nothing is impossible! If you have a dream, your dream will must come true as long as you always work hard. To tell you

　　truth, my dream is common. I want to be a doctor. There was a time

　　I was in hospital. I saw with my own eyes that a doctor

　　all night to save a baby's life. I was touched by the

　　behavior of the doctor. I think doctors are the greatest.

　　can make patients recover from a disease. ， I am determined to be a doctor to help

　　suffers from illnesses. I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy. At the same time, I will devote myself to

　　patients. In a word, if I become a doctor in the future, I will try my best to help each patient. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every

　　so that I can go to a key university.

　　解析：

　　第一处：去掉must　will后跟实义动词，不可跟情态动词。

　　萋二处：you后加the　to tell you the truth是固定表达，意为“说实话”。

　　第三处：that→when　定语从句修饰先行词a time，引导词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。

　　第四处：fights→fought　描述过去的故事，要用一般过去时，fight的过去式是fought。

　　第五处：kindly→kind　修饰名词behavior要用形容词。

　　第六处：We→They　指代前一句中的doctors，用第三人称they。

　　第七处：However→Therefore　根据上下文的逻辑关系可知此处表示“因此”，引出结果；however表转折关系。

　　第八处：whomever→whoever　宾语从句引导词在从句中作主语，要用whoever。

　　第九处：treat→treating　devote oneself to结构中的to是介词，后跟名词或动名词。

　　第十处：subjects→subject　every后跟可数名词单数。