2017届高考英语一轮基础知识复习课件：选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity（新人教版）

　　③支持这项决议的人占大多数。 People who were in favor of the resolution ________ ________ ________ . 答案：①the majority of　②a majority of　③were in the/a majority 5．indicate vt. 指出；指示；表明 归纳拓展 indicate sth. to sb. 向某人指示…… indicate that ... 指示……；表明…… indication n. 指出；表明 indicator n. 指示器；(化)指示剂 indicative adj. 指示的；暗示的 1.live on 继续生活；存在 归纳拓展 live on sth. 以……为食 live by (doing) sth. 靠(做)某事为生 live up to 不辜负 live through 经历 live with 容忍 live a ... life 过着……的生活 答案：①lives on　②lived through　③live up to　④live with 2．take in 包括；吸收；接受；领会；欺骗 归纳拓展 take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容 take a risk/chance 冒险 take over 接管；接收 take apart 拆开 take the place of 代替 ③The teachers decided to ________ ________ ________ ________(接受请求) made by the students. ④Until today we haven't found a better approach that can ________ ________ ________ ________(代替) exams in education. 答案：①found it difficult to take in　②take in　③take in the requests　④take the place of 1.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 没人真正清楚第一批人到达现在我们所知的加利福尼亚的准确时间。 句中的what we now know as California为what引导的从句，作介词in的宾语。 归纳拓展 what引导名词性从句时，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语等，在意义上译法比较灵活，它可以指“……的东西；……的时间；……的地点”等。 　第一部分

　　选修八

　　路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索 走向高考 · 英语 人教版 · 高考总复习 Unit 1　A land of diversity 选修八 第一部分　基础知识聚焦 考点探究演练 2 基础知识巩固 3 基础知识晨记 1 基础知识晨记 Ⅰ.单词速记 A．快速识记 1．________ vt.插入 2．________ n．正义；公平 3．________ vt.& n．租用；雇用 4．________ adv.无处；到处都无 5．________ n．海关；关税；进口税 6．________ adj.公民的；国内的；民间的 7．________ n．刹车；制动器　vt.& v．刹车 8．________ vt.& vt.改革；革新　n．改革；改造 insert justice hire nowhere customs civil brake reform

　　9．______ vi.发生；出现→__________ n．发生；出现 10．__________ n．处罚；惩罚→________ vt.惩罚；处罚 11．______ adj.人种的；种族的→______ n．人种；种族 12．________ vt.指示；表明；暗示→________ n．指示；表示 13．________ n．手段；方法→________ vt.意思是；意味着；意指 14．________ n．繁荣 vi.经济飞速发展→________ adj.兴旺的；繁荣的 occur occurrence punishment punish racial race indicate indication means mean boom booming 15．________ vi.滑动；滑行 n．滑动；滑倒→________ adj.滑的；光滑的 16．_______ adj.明显的；清晰的；有区别的→_________ n．差别；区别；卓著 17．________ adj.显而易见的；显然的→__________ adv.显然地；显而易见地 18．_____ vt.选择；选举→________ n．选举；选择权→________ n．选举人；选民 19．________ n．社会主义者 adj.社会主义(者)的→________ adj.社会的；社交的→________ n．社会；社团；社群 slip slippery distinct distinction apparent apparently elect election elector socialist social society B．归类巧记 1．“明显”相关单词集锦 ①apparent→apparently ②distinct→distinctly ③obvious→obviously ④evident→evidently 2．与“雇用、辞退”有关的词汇全接触 ①hire n．&vt.雇用 ②employ vt.雇用 ③take on雇用 ④fire vt.解雇 ⑤dismiss vt.解雇 ⑥discharge vt.辞退 ⑦lay off解雇 ⑧turn away解雇 3．“多数与少数”面面观 ①major adj. 主要的

　　vi. 主修

　　n． 专业 ②majority n. 大多数 ③in the majority 占多数 ④minor adj. 少数的 ⑤minority n． 少数 ⑥in the minority 占少数 4．变为复数后词义变化的名词小结 ①custom (风俗习惯)→customs (海关) ②manner (方式)→manners (礼貌) ③iron (铁)→irons (镣铐) Ⅱ.高频短语 1．用……方法；借助……________________ 2．习惯于新的生活方式、工作等________________ 3．申请；请示得到________________ 4．与……合作或一起工作________________ 5．包括；吸收________________ 6．除此之外；还有________________ 7．在19世纪初________________ 8．想做某事________________ 9．而不是________________ 10．抓住机会________________ by means of make a life apply for team up with take in in addition in the early 1800s feel like doing sth. rather than grasp the opportunity 11．继续存在/生存________________ 12．坚持；维持；沿袭________________ 13．背对背________________ 14．画出范围；标出……的界限________________ 15．许多；很多________________ 16．向……宣战________________ 17．在……开始时________________ 18．不久________________ 19．某人突然想到……________________ 20．把……和……混合________________ live on keep up back to back mark out a great/good many declare war on at the beginning of before long it occurs to sb. that ... mix ... with ... Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．California is the third ________(large)state in the USA ________ has the largest population. 加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有着美国最多的人口。 2．However, it is likely ________ Native Americans ________ (live)in california at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。 3．It is believed that ________ ________ the mix of nationalities will be so great ________ there will be no distinct major ________(race)or cultural groups, but simply a ________ (mix)of many races and cultures. 人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而会是多种族、多文化的混合体。 4．________(build)in 1873, the cable car system ________ (invent)by Andrew Hallidie, ________ wanted to find a ________ (good)form of transport than horse­drawn trams. 缆车系统建于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。 5．In 1940 the civil authorities ________(reform)the system ________ ________ many more Chinese people were able to ________ ________ ________ of settling in the USA. 1940年民政部门改革了制度，(结果)更多的中国人能够得到定居美国的机会。

　　答案：1.largest; but　2.that; were living　3.before long; that; racial; mixture　4.Built; was invented; who; better　5.reformed; so that; grasp the opportunity Ⅳ.语法过关 名词性从句 1．After ________ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the director's office. 2．Is this hotel ________ you said we were to stay in your letter? 3．________leads a life full of love is rich even though he doesn't have much money. 4．Tony eventually realized his childhood dream ________ he could play on one of the top teams. 5．At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ________ it would get any better. 答案：1.what　2.where　3.whoever　4.that　5.if/whether Ⅴ.语篇填空 In 1848, not long after the American­Mexican war, gold ①________(discover) in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people ②________ all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then ③________(adventure) from Europe and Asia soon ④________(follow). In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, ⑤________most remained in California ⑥________(make) a life for themselves ⑦________ great hardship. ⑧________ settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become ⑨________ thirty­first federal state of the USA in 1850, ⑩________ was already a multicultural society.

　　答案：①was discovered　②from　③adventurers　④followed　⑤but　⑥to make　⑦despite ⑧They　⑨the　⑩it 考点探究演练 1.elect vt. 选择；选举；推选 归纳拓展 elect sb. to be/as＋n. 选举某人当…… elect sb. to do sth. 选某人做某事 by election 通过选举

　　②It was Thompson who was elected ________ (replace) Ellis in the committee. ③He lost the ________ (elect) by one vote. ④The monitor of our class was chosen _______ _______(通过选举)． 答案：①elected Tom to be/as　②to replace　③election　④by election 2．occur vi. 发生；出现；存在 归纳拓展 sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事 It occurred to sb. that ... 某人突然想起…… ②他突然想到第二天早上要去参加一个重要的会议。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ he had an important conference to attend the next morning. (2)用occur的相关词语完成下列小片段。 When John was walking along the river bank, a good idea ①__________________(他突然想起). He rang up the general manager at once and told him of the good idea. The general manager decided to take action immediately and John's idea turned out to be very successful. ②__________________(他从未想过) he would make such a great success in business. 答案：(1)①occurred to him to ask　②It occurred to him that　(2)①occurred to him　②It never occurred to/struck/hit him that 3．means n. 手段；方法 (单复数同形) 归纳拓展 by means of 用……方法；借助…… by all means 一定；务必；好的；当然可以 by no means 决不；一点儿也不 by this means 用这种方法 辨析　means/way/method 词汇 含义 means “方法、方式、工具”(单复数相同)，着重于具体的手段 way “一般的或个人的特殊方式或方法”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关 method “有系统的、有效率的、精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念 4．majority n. 大多数；大半 归纳拓展 the majority 和the minority单独作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式，若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数；但当其后是复数时，谓语动词通常也用复数。 “the/a majority of ＋名词”用作主语，其谓语动词的数应与名词的数保持一致。 　第一部分