2016届高考英语二轮复习讲义课件：第2部分 题型专题突破 专题6（全国卷Ⅱ）

　　(2)常用开头句式 As the proverb says/As the saying goes，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” As can be seen from the table，nearly everyone owns one mobile phone in China. There is no denying that

　　successful business lies in a healthy body and mind. It is well known that an elephant is a very kind and gentle

　　animal. I’m excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine. (3)满分作文选粹 (2015·高考湖南卷)As a student，I can tell you that there is

　　nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my

　　classmates. (2017·高考天津卷)I’m glad to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student. (2017·高考湖南卷)As is known to all, shoes play an important role in our life，for it can protect our feet from being hurt. 2．“承”好上下 (1)常用顺承词汇 Secondly，we should get up early to memorize idioms and useful expressions. Obviously，a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. What’s more，good books can help us to develop good characters. I lost my way in the forest and to make matters worse/what is worse，it became dark. In addition，we shouldn’t neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society. Meanwhile/At the same time，I will regard it as my duty to keep our environment clean. (2)常用顺承句式 Take Beijing for example，it is one of the oldest cities in the world. What is more serious is that we don’t cherish wildlife. As far as I am concerned，they stand for love，friendship and unity. (3)满分作文选粹 (2015·高考陕西卷)Besides，I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. (2017·高考重庆卷)Moreover，it seems that he always thinks more of himself than of others. (2015·高考江苏卷)What’s worse，some drivers...do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. 3．“转”好过渡 (1)常用转折过渡词汇 But unfortunately，I mind my own business without considering my parents. However，not until the match was over did we realize that we

　　became the losers. On the other hand，online shopping also has many

　　disadvantages. On the contrary，the volunteers always claim that they are

　　tired of the life on earth. Contrary to what I had originally said，the trip turned out to

　　be fun. (2)满分作文选粹 (2017·高考湖南卷)However，what amazes you most is the

　　following new function. (2017·高考北京卷)But now，because my left foot was injured，I cannot go with you as planned. 4．“合”好结尾 (1)常用结尾词汇 All in all，traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges. In conclusion，a good citizen should observe traffic regulations. In a word，success is important，and so is failure，because it’s the mother of success. To sum up，environmental protection is of great importance，which can make us live more comfortably and healthily. On the whole，I find a bike more enjoyable than a motorcycle. (2)常用结尾句式 I’d appreciate it if you could deliver them as soon as possible. It is high time that we did something to prevent the environment from being polluted. Only with combined efforts can we expect our hometown to take on a new look in the near future. We can，therefore，come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as peace in the world. I’m sure that I still have a long way to go to achieve my dream.No matter how difficult it is, I will have it come true. (3)满分作文选粹 (2017·高考江苏卷)In short，not only has the inclusion poisoned Chinese，it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people. (2017·高考全国卷Ⅱ)In a word，my life will be much richer

　　and more colorful. (2017·高考浙江卷)I’ll be glad if you can consider my

　　recommendation. A (2015·高考全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文 化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。 请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下： 1．栏目介绍； 2．稿件内容； 3．稿件长度：约400词； 4．交稿日期：6月28日前。 注意：1.词数100左右。 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头语已为你写好。 Dear Peter， I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s

　　English newspaper.____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [审题谋篇] 1．审文体：应用文，属于提纲式作文 2．审格式：书信 3．审人称：以第三人称为主，第二人称为辅 4．审时态：一般现在时 5．审要点：注意要点要齐全，包括栏目介绍、稿件内容、 稿件长度和交稿日期；写作时注意恰当地使用衔接词和过渡 词，以使文章行文连贯、流畅。 [满分作文] Dear Peter， I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper. The“Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States？And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.Could we have your article before June 28? I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours， Li Hua [能力拓展] 完成下列学习任务 1．句式升级： 你可以写有关的东西，只要它有趣并能使人增进知识。 低级：You can write anything relevant，and it’s interesting and informative. 高级：You can write anything relevant _______________

　　it’s interesting and informative. as long as 2．句型转换： The “Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. →The“Foreign Cultures”section in our newspaper

　　__________________ (receive用被动语态) us students， ________(非限制性定语从句) has a positive effect on our

　　learning lives. is well received by which 专题六

　　书面表达 2016高考导航——适用于全国卷Ⅱ 专题六

　　书面表达 年份 文体 话题 题型 考情分析 2015全国卷Ⅱ 书信 写信约稿，介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活 要点提示 近几年高考中，书面表达题的考查特点为：(1)体裁稳定性强：应用文占据绝对主导地位；(2)话题微型化强：与考生日常生活紧密相关；(3)情景真实性强：突出考查考生实际运用语言的能力；(4)自由开放性强：试题给予考生自由发挥的空间。 2017全国卷Ⅱ 书信 给英国的一所学校写一封信 图表提示 2017全国卷Ⅱ 书信 给笔友写一封信请求对方帮忙 要点提示 1．“五档”作文在眼里——抓标准 (1)完成了试题规定的任务； (2)覆盖了所有内容要点； (3)应用了较多的语法结构和词汇； (4)具备了较强的语言运用能力； (5)有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑； (6)完全达到了预期的写作目的。 2．“五档”标准如何抓 (1)抓“应用了较多的词汇” 解读：词性多样、词汇高级、短语丰富。 (2)抓“应用了较多的语法结构” 解读：感叹句、倒装句、复合句、强调句、非谓语动词结 构、with复合结构等。 (3)抓“有效使用连接成分” 解读：段与段、句与句之间明晰的、合乎逻辑的顺序组织与 安排，做到文意与结构上层次分明、条理清楚。 (4)抓“完成规定的任务” 解读：对于题干、要点提示、注意事项以及参考词汇要做到 读题全面，只有这样才能确保完成规定任务。 1．力保审题过程要“全” 审题五方面:审题是高考书面表达的关键第一步,确保审题“全而不漏”是得高分的基本保证。审题要注意以下五个方面: (1)审文体 考生首先要根据情景提示弄清要求写哪种体裁的文章，是记叙文、说明文、应用文，还是议论文。动笔之前认真审题并确定写作体裁是至关重要的。 (3)审人称 审人称，即弄清书面表达要求用哪种人称写作。其中有主要人称和次要人称，这一点要引起考生足够的重视，因为倘若人称不对，评卷时阅卷老师就会扣掉相应的分数。 (4)审时态 审时态，即根据所给材料信息确定短文的基本时态。考生一定要重视时态，因为如果时态方面的错误过多，评卷时阅卷老师就会扣除3～5分。 (5)审要点 表达出全部要点是得分的基本保证，如果漏掉要点,得分档次就会被降低，因此考生要细审题,定要点,巧构思，列提纲。 (2)精准规避三类错误 ①错在各类词汇 A．拼写错误 a．误：We got struck in the traffic jam so we were late for the meeting. 改正：struck改为stuck B．变化错误 b．误：People throwed cans，paper，bags and so on into the river water. 改正：throwed改为threw c．误：The book presents us a lot of useful informations. 改正：informations改为information C．词性错误 d．误：During my summer vacation，I spent half a month in the country and played very happy. 改正：happy改为happily e．误：Doing a part－time job always effects study. 改正：effects改为affects ②错在语法结构 A．时态错误 a．误：In the morning，we had bicycled in the suburbs to plant trees. 改正：had_bicycled改为bicycled B．语态错误 b．误：Children who raise in poor families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. 改正：raise改为are raised C．主谓一致错误 c．误：My hobby is widespread，which include drawing，collecting stamps and so on. 改正：include改为includes D．比较级使用错误 d．误：With the development of transportation，the world seems to be getting more and more smaller. 改正：more and more smaller改为smaller and smaller E．非谓语动词使用错误 e．误：Comparing with other countries，the country pays little attention to the pollution. 改正：Comparing改为Compared F．平行错误 f．误：Then I put my book under my desk，opening it and started looking for the answer. 改正：opening改为opened ③错在汉式思维 A．纯汉语式思维和汉语式语序 a．误：At this school studying，I really very happy. 改正：Studying in this school，I am really happy. B．句子成分残缺 b．误：There are many students don’t support the project. 改正：There are many students who don’t support the project. c．误：On the other hand，dogs are our best friends，bring us a lot of fun. 改正：On the other hand，dogs are our best friends，which bring us a lot of fun. C．句子成分赘余 d．误：On one day，he went to the cinema. 改正：One day，he went to the cinema. 1．运用三大原则，体现美不胜收 (1)新颖性原则 写作时恰当得体地使用高中学过的，别人可能想不到的词 汇，会给阅卷人耳目一新的感觉。但是需注意：既要避免使用俗词，又要避开冷僻词汇。 (2017·高考江西卷)In the coming three years，our school life will be difficult. →In the coming three years，our school life will be challenging. (2)短语优先原则 多使用词组、习语来代替一些单词，以增加文采。 (2017·高考江西卷)Developing a good habit is also important. →Developing a good habit is also of importance. (3)避免重复原则 尽量避免过多地使用某一个单词，必要时选择使用其他恰当的同义词或词组来代替。 I like reading while my brother likes watching football matches. →I like reading while my brother enjoys watching football

　　matches. 2．频变句型结构，增加得分亮点 (1)肯定不如双否好 对于考生来说，只要稍加注意，在文章中运用双重否定的句子可以给自己的书面表达加分。 (2017·高考重庆卷)We can imagine what life would be like with phones. →We can’t imagine what life would be like without phones. (2)陈述不如倒装妙 倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法，它能使文章内容突出，富有节奏。 ①The library lies in the center of our school. The library is between the garden and the teaching building. →In the center of our school lies the library，which is between the garden and the teaching building. ②(2017·高考福建卷)I was so excited that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it. →So excited was I that I couldn’t wait to try my hand at riding it. (3)主动不如被动巧 使用被动语态符合英语的习惯,如果书面表达中有一两个被动语态句子，就会呈现出句型的变化,使整篇文章句型丰富。 One day，when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class，the teacher asked us to make a sentence with it. →One day，when we learned the new word “eccentric” in class，we were asked to make a sentence with it. (4)简单不如并列、复合强 有时为了使句子连贯性更强，表达更贴切、自然，我们在两个或多个简单句之间加上and，for，or，not only...but also等连词，使其成为并列句；有时根据上下句之间的关系，在两个或多个简单句之间加上when，as，where，because等从属连词，使简单句变成复合句。 (2015·高考安徽卷)I would really like to interview him.　 He is the first Chinese to go to space. He is one of the greatest astronauts in the world. →I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world. (5)非谓语动词不能少 非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种。巧用非谓语动词，使书面表达句式丰富多彩，增加高分亮点。 ①(2015·高考福建卷)In the picture，we can see a boy in worn clothes.He is sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. →In the picture，we can see a boy in worn clothes，sitting at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. ②He is going to write a book.The book is based on this experience. →He is going to write a book based on this experience. (6)篇章结构巧连贯 在英语写作中，要做到篇章结构连贯，除在内容的组织安排上要注意前后的逻辑关系外，有时还需要恰当使用能承上启下的关联词语。 (2015·高考北京卷)First，he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.We stood around him and watched attentively.Then we started to have a try ourselves.The old man walked around and helped us patiently.Finally，we put the figurines we made on the table and took pictures with the old craftsman. 1．“起”好开头 (1)常用开头词汇 First，I think everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship. Nowadays/Recently，people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic. To begin with，smoking should be banned in public areas. Generally speaking，the more you practice，the more skillfully you can write in English. 专题六

　　书面表达