2016届高考英语压轴冲刺练：9

　　高考压轴冲刺练 九

　　限时40分钟

　　Ⅰ. 阅读理解

　　Speed reading is a necessary and vital skill in the Internet age. We skim over articles, e-mails and tweets to try to grasp key words and the essential meaning of the text. With so much information available through our electronic devices, it would be impossible to get through everything if we read word by word, line by line.

　　But a new trend calls on people to unplug and enjoy reading slowly, one which claims to have benefits beyond intellectual stimulation.

　　A recent story from The Wall Street Journal reported on a book club in Wellington, New Zealand, where members meet in a cafe and turn off their smart phones. They sink into comfortable chairs and read in silence for an hour.

　　Unlike typical book clubs, the point of the slow reading club isn’t to exchange ideas about certain books, but to get away from electronic devices and read in a quiet, relaxed environment. According to the story, the Wellington book club is just one example of a movement started by book lovers who miss the traditional way of reading.

　　Traditional readers, like Maura Kelly, say a regular reading habit sharpens the mind, improves concentration, reduces stress levels and deepens the ability to understand others. Some of these benefits have been backed up by science. For example, a study of 300 elderly people published by the journal Neurology last year showed that mature people who take part in activities that use their brain, such as reading, suffer less memory loss as they get older. Another study published last year in Science showed that reading novels helps people understand others’ mental states and beliefs—a key skill in building relationships.

　　Yet technology has made us less careful readers. Computer and phone screens have changed our reading patterns from the top-to-bottom, left-to-right reading order we traditionally used, to a wild skimming and skipping pattern as we hunt for important words and information. Reading text online that has many links to other web pages also leads to weaker comprehension than reading plain text. The Internet may have made us stupider, says British journalist Patrick Kingsley, only half joking. Because of the Internet, he claims we have become very good at collecting a wide range of factual tidbits, but we are also gradually forgetting how to sit back, think and relate all these facts to each other.

　　【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了慢速阅读给人们带来的好处和快速阅读特别是电子阅读带来的一些问题。

　　1. Speed reading is a necessary and vital skill in the Internet age because people______.

　　A. have to grasp the meaning faster

　　B. have much more information to read

　　C. no longer read word by word, line by line

　　D. must use their smartphones more frequently

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的With so much information available through our electronic devices, it would be impossible to get through everything if we read word by word, line by line. 可知人们因为信息太多而快速阅读。故选B。

　　2. Members of the Wellington book club are expected to______.

　　A. read peacefully for an hour

　　B. make coffee for the other members

　　C. regularly swap ideas about books

　　D. turn off their smartphones for recharging

　　【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的where members meet in a cafe and turn off their smart phones. They sink into comfortable chairs and read in silence for an hour. 可知选A。

　　3. According to the Neurology study, who is most likely to suffer memory loss?

　　A. A 65-year-old man who rarely reads.

　　B. A 79-year-old woman who reads regularly.

　　C. A 17-year-old middle school student who seldom reads.

　　D. A healthy 24-year-old university graduate who often plays games.

　　【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第五段的a study of 300 elderly people. . . suffer less memory loss as they get older. 可知参加思维活动, 比如读书等, 不易失去记忆力, 故65岁从不读书的人容易失去记忆力。故选A。

　　4. The last paragraph is written to______.

　　A. explain the secrets of others’ minds

　　B. urge people to read as slowly as possible

　　C. encourage people to read more about science

　　D. describe the problems caused by electronic reading

　　【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段的关键句technology has made us less careful readers. 可知该段主要描述了电子阅读带来的一些问题。故选D。

　　In less than 60 years, the people of my tribe have gone from being an independent nation, to cultural prisoners, to welfare recipients(接受者). Is it any wonder that there are so many problems facing indigenous(土著的)Australians today?

　　When I was growing up in Kowanyama there were 15 people in my class, I am the only one who has gone to university. I’m also the only girl in my class who did not have a child at 15. Of the boys in my class, seven have been incarcerated, two for murder, five for robbery and rape. Only three of us are not alcoholics. Four of my classmates have committed suicide.

　　Life as a young aborigine is not easy, in any setting. The story of my fellow students is a lesson in the magnitude of the problems that young indigenous people in Cape York face.

　　The two issues that are central to changing this story are education and health. There is a huge gap between what we get in communities and what other kids get in cities.

　　One of the problems facing education in remote indigenous schools is that teachers tend to be just out of training and stay for only a year or two. Not one teacher stayed for the whole of my nine years at school—not even the principals. This seeming lack of commitment makes you feel they don’t care.

　　We need to review the curriculum in these communities because it is pitched at a very low level. I have had to draw the conclusion that governments and educationalists see us as less than white people.

　　Education should be uplifting, not serve to reinforce lack of self-esteem and the heart-wrenching low expectations that our race suffer from.

　　We need a massive reassessment of, education policies and an equally massive investment in education. We have spent so long listening to some white fellows telling us we are stupid, lazy no-hopers that the majority of my people actually believe it.

　　The relationship between poor education and poor health is clear. People whose self-esteem and pride have been destroyed by a substandard education system and a social system that creates an addiction to passive welfare have little reason to live healthy lives. Our health is getting worse.

　　The policies that determine the delivery of health services are deeply flawed by a bureaucracy(官僚作风)that does not want to hear our voices. Health services are often confined to the clinic.

　　It is problems and challenges such as these that led me to stand in last October’s ATSIC election. ATSITC is more than the board of commissioners and the Canberra bureaucracy. ATSIC is also people who are from community and work hard for community.

　　We recognize that governments cannot solve our problems for us. As young people we are trying to take responsibility for our future. I ask the Prime Minister, not that he fixes these problems for us but that he and his Government see us as equal partners in the huge task of rebuilding our families, communities and Cape York Peninsula.

　　He demonstrated his commitment by engaging his Government at the family and domestic violence summit. My view is that the level of domestic violence and child abuse sums up all that has been wrong with Aboriginal policy.

　　We need a new relationship to address this frightening reality in our lives. Aboriginal people are reluctant to admit that young girls and women are being raped by their own people because of the blanket of shame.

　　I am asking you to help lift that blanket.

　　I stand here as a proud Aboriginal woman, a Kokoberra woman as well as a criminologist, and I thank you for your time and attention.

　　Tania Major, 22, is an ATSIC regional councilor and a trainee manager at her home community of Kowanyama on Cape York.

　　This is an edited version of an address she is scheduled to give at a meeting between the Prime Minister and Cape York leaders(full text at smh. com. an).

　　【文章大意】本文是演讲类文章阅读。作者全面介绍了土著澳大利亚人的生存状况和困难, 呼吁人们平等地对待他们, 给他们自尊, 让他们享有正常的生活。

　　5. Which of the following words can best describe Tania’s tone?

　　A. Regretful. B. Depressed.

　　C. Serious.

　　D. Humorous.

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。通读全文可知作者的态度是严肃和认真的。serious严肃的, 认真的。故选C。

　　6. The underlined word “incarcerated” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.

　　A. criticized B. killed

　　C. dismissed

　　D. imprisoned

　　【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据该单词后的“two for murder, five for robbery and rape. Only three of us are not alcoholics. Four of my classmates have committed suicide. ”推断该词的意思是“囚禁”。imprisoned囚禁。故选D。

　　7. We can infer from the passage that in Australia______.

　　A. few teachers are willing to work in indigenous schools because they are poorly paid

　　B. the curriculum in indigenous schools has to be easier otherwise the students will fail

　　C. the undereducated aborigines are considered to be lazy and dependent on welfare

　　D. a good education can help the aboriginal people to learn to set high expectations

　　【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章的第八、九段的内容推断未受教育的土著人被认为是懒惰的且只知道依靠福利生活, 关键词为lazy, passive welfare。故选C。

　　8. What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. ATSIC doesn’t serve the people because of its incompetence and bureaucracy.

　　B. The aboriginal people can learn to be responsible for their future if treated equally.

　　C. The government has adopted fresh policies related to the delivery of health services.

　　D. The biggest problems facing the aboriginal people are domestic violence and child abuse.

　　【解析】选B。主旨大意题。通读全文, 并根据文章中的关键词可知该文主要讲述土著人如果被平等对待的话能够学会对自己的未来负责。故选B。

　　Ⅱ. 阅读填句

　　下面文章中有5处(第1~5题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

　　A. Become reliable.

　　B. Make some money.

　　C. Know about your mind.

　　D. Be good with discomfort.

　　E. Be ready for opportunities.

　　F. Learn to deal with uncertainty.

　　A Guide for Young People: What to Do with Your Life

　　You can’t figure out the future. Even young people who have a plan(be a doctor, lawyer, research scientist, singer)don’t really know what will happen. Life doesn’t go according to plans. So if you can’t figure out the future, what do you do? Don’t focus on the future. Focus on what you can do right now that will be good no matter what the future brings.

　　1. ______The best things in life are often hard, and if you shy away from difficulty, you’ll miss out. You’ll live a life of safety. Learning is hard. Building something great is hard. Writing a book is hard. A marriage is hard. Running a marathon is hard. All are amazing. How do you get good at this? Do things now that are uncomfortable and hard, on purpose.

　　2. ______Starting a business, for example, is an amazing thing to do. But if you’re afraid of the unknown future, you’ll avoid it. You can’t know how things will turn out, and so if you need to know how things will turn out, you’ll avoid great projects, businesses, opportunities. But if you can be OK with not knowing, you will be open to many more possibilities. If you’re good at what you are not sure of, you could do all kinds of things.

　　3. ______Most people don’t realize that fear controls them. They don’t notice when they fail to fix their attention, or consider doing things they told themselves they wouldn’t do. It’s hard to change mental habits because you don’t always see what’s going on in your head. Learn about how your mind works, and you’ll be much better at all of this.

　　4. ______I don’t think money is that important, but it is necessary in your life. Making money is hard. You have to make someone believe in you enough to hire you or buy your products/service, which means you have to figure out why you’re worthy of someone believing in you. You have to become worthy. And you have to learn to communicate that to people so they’ll want to buy or hire you. Whether you’re selling cookies door-to-door or trying to get a job as a cashier, you have to do this.

　　5. ______If you do all of the above, or at least most of these, you’ll be amazing. You’ll be way, way ahead of pretty much every other person at your age. And good fortune will come your way, if you have your eyes open: job opportunities, a chance to build something with someone, an idea for a startup that you can build yourself, a new thing to learn and turn into a business. Take risks—that’s one of the advantages of being young. And if none come along, create your own.

　　【文章大意】这是一篇年轻人的生活指南。该文章主要告诉年轻人该如何对待生活。

　　1. 【解析】选D。上下文顺承关系题。根据本段和D中的关键词“uncomfortable and hard, discomfort”等判断选D。

　　2. 【解析】选F。上下文顺承关系题。根据本段和F中的关键词“the unknown future, learn, uncertainty”等判断选F。

　　3. 【解析】选C。上下文顺承关系题。根据本段和C中的关键词“mental, mind”等判断选C。

　　4. 【解析】选B。上下文顺承关系题。根据本段和B中的关键词“making money, worthy, buy, Make some money”等判断选B。

　　5. 【解析】选E。上下文顺承关系题。根据本段和E中的关键词“job opportunities, a chance”等判断选E。

　　Ⅲ. 短文改错

　　下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

　　增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写上该加的词。

　　删除: 把多余的词用斜线()画掉。

　　修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

　　注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

　　2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　One day, when we had learned the new word“eccentric”in class, we were asked make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it with saying“My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fits him. ”Hearing this, the whole class burst into laughter but my deskmate’s face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher that my deskmate will have dropped out of school unless he hadn’t been helped by others. My mindless words must have hurt him deep. Not until then did I realize word could be powerful in both positive and negative. We should avoid hurt others if we can’t always be encouraging when we speak.

　　答案:

　　One day, when we had learned the new word “eccentric” in class, we were asked ∧make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it with saying “My deskmate is an

　　to

　　by

　　eccentric boy whose clothes never fits him.” Hearing this, the whole class burst into

　　fit

　　laughter but my deskmate’s face turned red. After class, I learned from the teacher

　　and

　　that my deskmate will have dropped out of school unless he hadn’t been helped by

　　would

　　if

　　others. My mindless words must have hurt him deep. Not until then did I realize

　　deeply

　　word could be powerful in both positive and negative. We should avoid hurt others

　　words

　　hurting

　　if we can’t always be encouraging when we speak.

　　1. 【解析】第一句中去掉had。考查时态。从句中的动词所表示的动作和主句的动词所表示的动作是同时发生的, 用一般过去时, 故去掉had。

　　2. 【解析】第一句中的make前加to。考查不定式。be asked to do sth. 被要求做某事。

　　3. 【解析】第二句中的with→by。考查介词。by凭借, 通过。

　　4. 【解析】第二句中的fits→fit。考查主谓一致。从句中的主语是clothes, 故谓语动词用复数。

　　5. 【解析】第三句中的but→and。考查并列连词。此处表示顺承关系。

　　6. 【解析】第四句中的will→would。考查时态。整篇文章的时态是过去时, 故用would。

　　7. 【解析】第四句中的unless→if。考查状语从句。从句是否定句, 故不用unless, 而是if。句意: 如果他没有受到别人帮助的话。

　　8. 【解析】第五句中的deep→deeply。考查副词。修饰动词hurt用副词。

　　9. 【解析】第六句中的word→words。考查名词。此处指言语、话语要用复数形式。

　　10. 【解析】第七句中的hurt→hurting。考查非谓语动词。avoid后面用动词-ing形式。