2016届高考英语专题冲刺复习：完形填空10

　　完形填空10

　　1．Romance does not have to fizzle out in long-term relationships and progress into a companionship/friendship-type love, a new study has found. Romantic love can last a lifetime and lead to happier, healthier

　　1

　　.

　　"Many believe that

　　2

　　love is the same as passionate（多情的）love," said lead researcher Bianca P. Acevedo, PhD, then at Stony Brook University (currently at University of California, Santa Barbara). "It isn't. Romantic love has the intensity, engagement and sexual chemistry that passionate love has, minus the obsessive component（过度成分）. Passionate or obsessive love includes

　　3

　　of uncertainty and anxiety. This kind of love

　　4

　　drive the shorter relationships but not the longer ones."

　　These findings

　　5

　　in the March issue of Review of General Psychology, published by the American Psychological Association.

　　Acevedo and co-researcher Arthur Aron, PhD, reviewed 25 studies with 6,070 individuals in short- and long-term relationships to

　　6

　　whether romantic love is associated with more satisfaction. To determine this, they

　　7

　　the relationships in each of the studies as romantic, passionate (romantic with obsession) or friendship-like love and categorized them as long- or short-term.

　　The researchers looked at 17 short-term relationship studies, which included 18- to 23-year-old college students who were

　　8

　　, dating or married, with the average relationship lasting less than four years. They also

　　9

　　at 10 long-term relationship studies including middle-aged couples who were typically married 10 years or more. Two of the

　　10

　　ncluded both long- and short-term relationships in which it was possible to distinguish the two samples.

　　The review found that those who reported greater romantic love were more

　　11

　　in both the short- and long-term relationships. Companion-like love was only moderately

　　12

　　with satisfaction in both short- and long-term relationships. And those who reported greater passionate love in their relationships were more satisfied in the short term

　　13

　　to the long term.

　　Couples who reported more satisfaction in their relationships also

　　14

　　being happier and having higher self-esteem.

　　Feeling that a partner is "there for you"

　　15

　　or a good relationship, Acevedo said, and facilitates（促进） feelings of romantic love. On the other hand, "feelings of insecurity are generally associated with

　　16

　　satisfaction, and in some

　　17

　　may spark conflict in the relationship. This can manifest（表白） into obsessive love," she said.

　　This discovery may change people's

　　18

　　of what they want in long-term relationships. According to the authors, companionship love, which is what many couples see as the natural

　　19

　　of a successful relationship, may be an unnecessary compromise(妥协). "Couples should strive for love with all the trimmings（修剪）," Acevedo said. "And couples who've been together a long time and wish to get back their romantic edge should know it is an attainable（可达到的） goal that, like most good things in life,

　　20

　　energy and devotion."

　　(

　　) 1. A. scholarships

　　B. friendships

　　C. relationships

　　D. companionships

　　(

　　) 2. A. obsessive

　　B. romantic

　　C. passionate

　　D. companion

　　(

　　) 3. A. feelings

　　B. factors

　　C. consequences

　　D. barriers

　　(

　　) 4. A. contributes

　　B. helps

　　C. prevents

　　D. speeds

　　(

　　) 5. A. occur

　　B. take

　　C. write

　　D. appear

　　(

　　) 6. A. find out

　　B. work out

　　C. take out

　　D. bring out

　　(

　　) 7. A. separated

　　B. classified

　　C. divided

　　D. cut

　　(

　　) 8. A. alone

　　B. lonely

　　C. single

　　D. unique

　　(

　　) 9. A. glanced

　　B. glared

　　C. stared

　　D. looked

　　(

　　) 10. A. findings

　　B. examinations

　　C. experiments

　　D. studies

　　(

　　) 11. A. unpleased

　　B. disappointed

　　C. satisfied

　　D. desperate

　　(

　　) 12. A. referred

　　B. associated

　　C. contended

　　D. conflicted

　　(

　　) 13. A. compared

　　B. comparing

　　C. added

　　D. led

　　(

　　) 14. A. reported

　　B. said

　　C. believed

　　D. hoped

　　(

　　) 15. A. takes

　　B. makes

　　C. means

　　D. depends

　　(

　　) 16. A. higher

　　B. lower

　　C. no

　　D. much

　　(

　　) 17. A. environments

　　B. states

　　C. air

　　D. cases

　　(

　　) 18. A. views

　　B. expectations

　　C. remarks

　　D. statements

　　(

　　) 19. A. progression

　　B. change

　　C. results

　　D. choice

　　(

　　) 20. A. produces

　　B. satisfies

　　C. requires

　　D. consumes

　　2．Kindness is the golden chain by which society is bound together. However, I was not thinking about the golden chain when I had to help people who

　　36

　　their way and parked in front of my house.

　　I was growing tired of helping so many people. Almost every

　　37

　　I was awaken during a sound night’s sleep and had to

　　38

　　someone out. Many times I was

　　39

　　by some penniless motorists who did not even thank me for the helps that they received and some even complained that I could have done

　　40

　　.

　　One day, a young man with a week – old beard climbed out of a

　　41

　　automobile. He had no money and no food. He asked if I could give him some

　　42

　　, offer him gasoline and a meal. I told him that if he wanted to work for me, he could cut the grass, but

　　43

　　the work wasn’t necessary.

　　Though sweaty and hungry, he worked hard. After working all day, he sat

　　44

　　to cool himself. I thanked him for his work and gave him the money he

　　45

　　. I then offered him some

　　46

　　money for a task particularly well done, but he shook his head,

　　47

　　.

　　I never saw him again. He probably thinks I helped him out that day, but that is not

　　48

　　it was. I didn’t help him. He helped me to

　　49

　　people again to repay their trust in me. He helped me to once again want to do something for those who are

　　50

　　. I wish I could thank him for

　　51

　　some of my belief in the basic

　　52

　　of others and for giving me back a little of the

　　53

　　I had lost. Because of him, I once again felt part of a golden chain of kindness that

　　54

　　us to others.

　　I may have fed his body that day, but he fed my

　　55

　　.

　　36．A．fought B．found C．made D．lost

　　37．A．morning B．afternoon C．night D．evening

　　38．A．bring B．help C．carry D．drive

　　39．A．taken for grantedB．put up with C．turned down D．taken up with

　　40．A．less B．more C．worse D．enough

　　41．A．fashionable B．famous C．flashy D．shabby

　　42．A．money B．food C．help D．work

　　43．A．actually B．specially C．particularly D．generally

　　44．A．in the sun B．in the shade C．in the field D．in the car

　　45．A．asked B．begged C．needed D．charged

　　46．A．old B．extra C．small D．good

　　47．A．accepted B．received C．refused D．denied

　　48．A．the situation B．the thing C．the issue D．the way

　　49．A．believe in B．watch over C．look after D．care about

　　50．A．in trouble B．in danger C．in tears D．in fear

　　51．A．forgetting B．losing C．restoring D．finding

　　52．A．goodness B．happiness C．pleasure D．nature

　　53．A．weakness B．strength C．optimism D．pessimism

　　54．A．adapts B．adjusts C．devotes D．connects

　　55．A．heart B．soul C．head D．mouth

　　English was always my favorite subject. In my freshman year of high school, I could write a killer composition. In my second year, my teacher

　　me to give spelling tests to the class. I had a

　　time of my junior year. Mrs Alexander

　　me to sit at her desk and take over the class when she had to leave the room. Only my senior English class was

　　, as we had a teacher right out of college who expected

　　work. Every student received a "C" or "D" grade the first quarter. But English was still my favorite subject.

　　I graduated from high school,

　　early and had children.

　　about my English, I often helped my kids with their English homework. And I wrote long articles and beautiful poetry as a columnist for a newspaper. Fifteen years later, I went to college, and because I had been an "A" student, I remained an "A" student. I

　　up to my own expectations.

　　Yesterday, I

　　my high school report cards when I was reading old papers. That bundle of report cards

　　back the old days. I remembered sitting in my advisor's office, explaining that I had always be

　　at

　　English, and recommending that I did not deserve a '"D" from that inexperienced teacher of my senior year. The

　　advisor was

　　but unable to change a （an）

　　. Reading through my old report cards revealed something

　　else too. I wanted to

　　them or hide them. I was not an "A" student in high school English! Somehow, I had

　　myself of this, when the grades clearly reflected an average student with an

　　"A" or "B" but mostly "C” S.

　　Had I lived up to those grades and

　　myself according to those letters, I would have never confidently sought my writing career. Had I

　　my early grades instead of myself, I would have allowed my fear of failure to

　　enthusiasm and damage my creativity. Instead, I

　　my younger self as an "A" English student, except for that undeserved "D".

　　3．A. scolded

　　B. allowed C. ordered

　　D. reminded

　　4．A. bad B. complex C. terrible D. wonderful

　　5．A. approve

　　B. appointed C. expected D. urged

　　6．A. flexible

　　B. creative C. disappointing D. controversial

　　7．A. college-levelB. based C. difficult D. easy

　　8．A. married B. worked C. succeeded

　　D. progressed

　　9．A. Sad B. Confident

　　C. Anxious D. Curious

　　10．A. added

　　B. lived

　　C. grew

　　D. went

　　11．A. counted B. remembered C. approached D. discovered

　　12．A. brought B. turned

　　C. held D. kept

　　13．A. nervous

　　B. excelled

　　C. poor D. terrible

　　14．A. impolite B. impatient C. inexperienced D. sympathetic

　　15．A. grade B. figure C. paper D. entry

　　16．A. tear B. fire C. cry D. escape

　　17．A. warned B. reminded

　　C. informed D. convinced

　　18．A. average

　　B. enthusiastic

　　C. outstanding

　　D. occasional

　　19．A. considered B. defined C. reflected

　　D. described

　　20．A. abandoned B. given

　　C. believed in D. doubted

　　21．A. change B. risk C. defeat

　　D. reminded

　　22．A. looked B. viewed C. sang

　　D. criticized

　　Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining，construction，and warfare as the inventor of dynamite（炸药）. On April 12，1888，Alfred's brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper _21_ his brother for him and carried an article _22_ the death of Alfred Nobel. “The merchant of death is dead.”The article read. “Dr. Alfred

　　Nobel，who became

　　_23_

　　by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before，died yesterday. ”Nobel was _24_ to find out not that he had died，but that，when his time was up， he would be thought of only as one who profited from _25_ and destruction.

　　To make sure that he was _26_ with love and respect. Nobel arranged in his _27_ to give the largest part of his money to _28_ the Nobel prizes，which would be awarded to people who made great _29_ to the causes of peace，literature，and the sciences. So _30_ ，Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was really about.

　　A. found

　　B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged

　　24．A. introducing B. announcing C. implying D. advertising

　　25．A. famous B. sick

　　C. rich

　　D. popular

　　26．A. upset

　　B. anxious

　　C. excited D. pleased

　　27．A. death

　　B. disease

　　C. trouble D. attack

　　28．A. repaid

　　B. described

　　C. supported D. remembered

　　29．A. book

　　B. article

　　C. will

　　D. contract

　　30．A. establish B. form

　　C. develop D. promote

　　31．A. additions B. sacrifices

　　C. changes D. contributions

　　32．A. generally B. basically

　　C. usually D. certainly

　　参考答案

　　1．1-20 CBABD ABCDD CBAAB BDBAC

　　【解析】本文说明了浪漫爱情可以持续一生，并且通往更幸福、更健康的关系。完成本题应该结合自己的和实际生活中的人们的爱情观。

　　1. C 浪漫爱情可以持续一生，并且通往更幸福、更健康的关系（friendships），而学问（scholarships），友谊（friendships），伙伴关系（companionships），明显不合适。

　　2. B “很多人以为浪漫（romantic）之爱和激情之爱是一回事，全文说的主体就是浪漫爱情，而不是过分关心的（obsessive），也不是多情的（passionate），更不是陪伴（companion）。

　　3. A激情的或者强迫性的爱情包含了不确定和焦虑的感觉（feelings），无论是那种情都是一种情感感觉，而不是因素（factors），结果（consequences），和障碍（barriers）。

　　4. B这种爱情有助于（helps）驱动的是短期关系而不是长期关系，贡献于（contributes）要和to搭配，阻止（prevent）和加速（speeds）都显得不合适，不能让语意通顺。

　　5. D这些研究结果刊登（也就是出现appear）在美国心理学会出版的《普通心理学评论》三月号上，而不是发生（occur），拿走(take)，写(write)。

　　6. A 以检验（就是找到结果，也就是find out）浪漫爱情是否与更高的满意度相联系，计算出（work out），拿出（take out），取出（bring out）等等不符合语意逻辑。

　　7. B为了证实这一点，他们把每项研究中的爱情关系归类（classified）为浪漫的、激情的（浪漫加上强迫成分）和友谊式的，再分为长期和短期关系两类。Separated：分离，divided：分开，cut：剪开，都不能表示这样的意思。

　　8. C其对象包括18-23岁的单身（就是single）、恋爱中或已婚的大学生，单身是说没有结婚，而不是单独（alone），孤独（lonely），和唯一一个（unique）。

　　9. D他们还看了（looked）10个对于长期关系的研究，其对象包括结婚10年或更久的中年夫妇。匆匆一看（glanced），瞪眼看（glared），目不转睛地看（stared），这三个词都与at搭配，但是表示的意思都带有感情色彩，也不符合语意。

　　10. D其中两个研究（studies）同时包括了短期和长期关系，这两组样本是区分开来的。前文用的都是研究，而不是发现（findings），测试（examinations），和实验（experiments）。

　　11. C那些报告出更多浪漫成分的人都对自己的爱情关系更满意(satisfied)，而不是不高兴（unpleased），失望（disappointed），和绝望（desperate）。

　　12. B 。在短期和长期关系中，伙伴式的爱情都只有中等程度的和满意度相关（associated），涉及（referred），争斗（contended），和冲突（conflicted），显然不合时宜。

　　13. A而那些报告出较多激情成分的人在短期关系中比（比较和比较的对象之间是被动关系，故用过去分词compared，而不是现在分词comparing）在长期关系中满意度更高。Added(加上)和led(导致)，根本就没有比较的意思。

　　14. A对爱情关系满意度较高的夫妇或恋人同时也报告（reported）出较强的幸福感和较高的自尊。前文用的就是report，而说（said），相信（believed），和希望（hoped）明显不是针对研究，

　　15. B感觉伴侣“与你同在”有助于（make for ）建立良好的爱情关系，take for的意思是把……当做…..，意味着（means）依赖(depends)通常和for不搭配，构不成一定意义上的短语。

　　16. B不安全感通常伴随着较低的（lower）满意度，而不是较高的（higher），根本没有（no）和很多（much）。

　　17. D有时（就是有些情况下 in some cases）还会导致爱情中的冲突。Environments往往指的是自然环境，state说的是物体所处的物理状态。Air是空气和气氛，明显不符合逻辑。

　　18. B这个发现或许会改变人们对长期关系的一般预期（expectations），观点（views）看上去对，但是这儿不强调人们对爱情的认识，而是能在多大程度上让自己满意，这就是期望或预期，更不是评论（remarks）和陈述（statements）。

　　19. A研究者称，虽然伙伴式的爱情在很多夫妇看来是成功爱情关系的自然发展()阶段，但它实际上可能是一种不必要的妥协。改变(change)，结果（results），选择（choice）不能表达这样的意思。

　　20. C ，它需要（requires）投入精力才能达成。生产（produces），满足（satisfies），消耗（consumes）不能表达这样的意思。

　　2．36—40 DCBAB

　　41—45 DDABC

　　46—50 BCDAA

　　51—55 CACDB

　　【解析】

　　3．B

　　4．D

　　5．B

　　6．C

　　7．A

　　8．A

　　9．B

　　10．B

　　11．D

　　12．A

　　13．B

　　14．D

　　15．A

　　16．A

　　17．D

　　18．D

　　19．B

　　20．C

　　21．C

　　22．B

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：作者在初中时因英语出色而深受老师赏识，由此也产生了对自己的自信。到了高中时候尽管他的成绩时常会得C，但是他却一直深信自己的英语水平。多年后当作者无意中看到当年的成绩单时他才突然意识到人生中重要的不是成绩而是人的自信和态度。

　　3．B动词辨析。 A.责骂 ；B.允许；C. 命令；D. 提醒。根据上文可知作者英语非常好，由此判断老师在课上允许她代替老师来对同学们进行测验，allow sb to do sth “允许某人做某事”，其他选项不符合语境，答案选B。

　　4．D形容词辨析。A. 坏的；B.复杂的；C.糟糕的；D. 精彩的。从上下文的叙述中可知作者文章写的非常优美，又为学校报纸写稿，老师对作者非常信任，所以她的学校生活非常精彩，故答案选D。

　　5．B动词辨析。A. 赞同；B. 失望； C. 期望；D. 争吵。从语境可知老师离开教室的时候让作者替自己管理班级，由此判断老师指着自己的座位，让她坐在老师的位置上，故答案选B。

　　6．C形容词辨析。 A. 灵活的；B. 有创意的；C. 失望的；D. 有争议的。从下文的讲述可知作者在高中的生活不如初中时候那么得意，英语成绩时常是C或者D，故答案选C。

　　7．A形容词辨析。A. 大学水平的；B.基础的C. 困难的；D. 容易的。根据作者的介绍可知刚刚大学毕业的老师都给学生们CD级别， 由此判断老师对学生们要求比较高，故答案选A。

　　8．A动词辨析。A. 结婚； B. 工作；C. 成功 ；D.进步。根据后句had children可以判断作者毕业后，结婚，然后有孩子，故此处填married，答案选A。

　　9．B形容词辨析。A. 悲伤的；B. 自信的；C. 焦虑；D.好奇的。从上文的讲述可知作者上学时候英语一直是她的强项，故辅导孩子的时候是非常有自信，故答案选B。

　　10．B动词辨析。 A. 加；B. 居住；C. 生长；D. 去。固定短语：live up to one’s expectations“达到某人的期望”，故答案选B。

　　11．D动词辨析。A. 数数；B.想起；C. 接近； D.发现。从下文内容可知当作者翻旧报纸的时候发现了自己以前的成绩报告单，故答案选D。

　　12．A动词辨析。 A. 带来；B.转；C. 抓住；D. 保持。由下文I remembered sitting in my advisor's office….可知当作者看到过去的物品时不由自主地想起过去的事情，bring back “带来，带回”，故答案选A。

　　13．B形容词辨析。A.紧张的；B.擅长；C. 贫穷的；D.糟糕的。从文章第一段内容可知作者初中时候英语成绩一向非常好，be excelled at “擅长”，故答案选B。

　　14．D形容词辨析。 A. 不礼貌的；B. 不耐心的 ；C.无经验的；D. 可怜的。根据后面but unable to……可以判断前后内容是转折关系，此处表示顾问对此很同情，但是无能为力，故答案选D。

　　15．A名词辨析。A. 成绩，年级；B. 人物；C. 纸；D. 进入。从上文作者提到I did not deserve a '"D" from that inexperienced teacher可知此处指的是学习成绩的等级，故答案选A。

　　16．A名词辨析。A. 眼泪；B.火；C. 哭；D.逃走。从后句中作者突然的顿悟 I was not an "A" student in high school English!可以判断作者面对这个事实非常尴尬，不想面对这个事实，不想见到这些成绩单，所以他想把这些成绩报告藏起来或者撕掉，故答案选A。

　　17．D动词辨析。A. 想要； B.想起；C. 熟悉； D. 坚信。从上文内容可知作者一直以为自己高中英语成绩不错，只是因为年轻教师的严格才会得到C或者D等级的分数，所以此处指作者自己虽然面对那样的成绩却一直深信自己的英语水平高，convinced sb of sth “使某人深信”，故答案选D。

　　18．D形容词辨析。A.平均的；B热情的 ；C. 杰出的；D.偶然的。根据空后but mostly "C” S.可以判断作者在高中时候的英语成绩只是偶尔才会得到A。

　　19．B动词辨析。A. 认为； B.阐明；C映射， D.描述。从语境可知作者认为如果自己当时就认为自己成绩不行，并且把自己定位到英语差的学生行列，他就没有信心去得到现在的这份工作，故答案选B。

　　20．C动词辨析。A.舍弃；B. 给；C. 信任；D. 怀疑。从上文作者的讲述可知作者一直把自己看做是一个擅长英语的学生，深信自己成绩优异，故答案选C。

　　21．C 动词辨析。 A.改变；B. 危险； C.打败；D. 想起。根据语境判断作者认为如果他在当时承认自己成绩是C或者D的话，他就会失去自信，就会被失败的恐惧所战胜，而没有了那种锐气，故选C。

　　22．B动词辨析。A. 看 ； B.浏览；C. 唱；D. 批评。由上文内容可知作者一直是认为自己是一个英语优秀的学生，view sb as ….把某人看作，故答案选B。

　　考点：考查故事类阅读理解。

　　23．C

　　24．B

　　25．C

　　26．A

　　27．A

　　28．D

　　29．C

　　30．A

　　31．D

　　32．B

　　【解析】

　　23．因mistake A for B （将A误以为B）是固定搭配。

　　由常识可知，报社应是“发布”消息，故用announce （give information about）。

　　由首句became a millionaire可知。

　　根据常识，看到自己本来死却报道死了这样的消息，特别是说自己通过kill more people faster来发财的评论，应当是“不高兴，苦恼（unhappy or annoyed）”，不可能是“兴奋的（excited）”“高兴的（pleased）”“渴望的（anxious）”。

　　与destruction（毁灭）并列并且上文death原词复现故选出A。

　　由后文设立奖金可知，是为了改变自我形象，要设法“被别人充满爱与尊敬地铭记（be remember with love and respect）”。

　　由最后一句Nobel had to die before he realized…可知，是在“遗嘱（will）”中作的安排。

　　根据与名词the Nobel prizes的搭配，又结合常识，应当是“设立”诺贝尔奖金。

　　奖金应当是将给那些为世界和平、文学和科学等领域过巨大贡献的人。make contributions to…（对……作出贡献）是固定搭配。

　　这个题最有争议了。我认为这句话不可以直译为：诺贝尔在认识到他的人生的真正意义之前就不得不死去了。这不仅不合情理，也很明显与作者所设置的写作背景不符。语言是非常灵活的，我们不妨来意译：好在诺贝尔认识到了自己人生的真谛，否则他就是行尸走肉，灵魂早已死去。

　　而这句话，则是作者对诺贝尔的评语。可以读得出来，作者对诺贝尔的晚年还是抱赞赏态度的。