（五年高考）2016届高考英语专题复习：专题14 七选五阅读（全国通用）

　　专题十四 阅读七选五

　　2015～2011年各省市高考题

　　Passage 1

　　(2015·新课标全国)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处

　　Building Trust in a Relationship Again

　　Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.

　　1

　　Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

　　Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.

　　2

　　It's understandable，but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there.

　　●

　　3

　　Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well－being.

　　4

　　If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”.At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated.

　　●You didn't lose “everything”.Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle

　　5

　　Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

　　A.Learn to really trust yourself.

　　B.It is putting confidence in someone.

　　C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

　　D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.

　　E.They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.

　　F.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

　　G.Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.

　　【语篇导读】　这是一篇议论文。信任是来源于人们以往经历的一种非天生行为。但有时它也会带来风险。当我们失去对别人的信任时该如何重新获得呢？本文向前读者介绍了几点实用的做法。

　　解析　本题考查综合分析能力。前句讲的是信任是人们从过去的经历中学来的

　　一种行为。本空在此基础上做进一步的说明即信任就是依赖某人。故答案选B。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本题考查联系上下文的能力。本段的主要内容是人们由于遭受欺骗或

　　受到误导等而倍感受伤不能忍受此类事情再次发生从而就不再相信任何人。E项中的they与前句中的people相对应且与下句“It's understandable.”衔接自然文意相通。故答案为E。

　　答案　E

　　解析　本题考查联系上下文的能力。后面一句是对空格的解释和说明。其中

　　“Having confidence in yourself”与A项中的trust yourself意义相近。因此答案选A。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本题考查综合分析能力。通读本段可知其大意是：一旦遭到背叛你就

　　成为客观环境的受害者但作为一名受害者和以受害者的身份去生活是不同的。所选答案应当包含关键词victim。由此可知答案为C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。本段的内容围绕主题句“You didn't

　　lose everything.”展开。一旦失去了信任就要将目光放在仍然拥有的一切上面对生活中美好的人或事心存感激。通过这一次的经历给谅解和自身的成长提供足够的空间才是正确的做法。因此答案为G。另外空格之后的Instead一词对解答本题有明显的提示作用。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 2

　　(2015·新课标全国

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　increases in the length of the runs.

　　1

　　，buy the best－fitting－built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feetr as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double－check the fit.

　　2

　　.As always(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.

　　istance，but run five minutes longer each day.

　　3

　　，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.

　　4

　　.After two weeks，start timing yourself.

　　5

　　.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.

　　A.After six days

　　B.For a good marathon runner

　　C.Before you begin your training

　　D.With each day，increase the distance by a half mile

　　E.If they still feel good，you can begin running in them

　　F.Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training

　　G.Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time

　　【语篇导读】　这篇短文向读者介绍了马拉松训练之前要做的准备工作包括跑鞋的挑选和注意事项也给出了每日训练里程的建议。

　　解析　本题考查综合分析能力。马拉松训练需要精心准备且要按照循序渐进

　　的原则增加跑步里程。而空格之后的购买鞋子的事宜也是准备工作的一部分需要提前做好。故答案选C。

　　C

　　2.解析　本题考查联系上下文的能力。由上句可知找到合适的鞋子之后穿上几

　　天以确认一下是否合适。E项承接这一内容若仍然感觉舒适跑步时就可以穿上。

　　答案　E

　　解析　本题考查联系上下文的能力。由“to take a day off to rest”可知在第一周

　　时要留出一天的休息时间。因此A项与语境相吻合。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本题考查综合分析能力。前文谈论的是跑步里程的问题选项D与此相

　　对应。关键词a half有助于锁定D项为正确答案。

　　答案　D

　　解析　本题考查运用语境进行推断的能力。本段开始论述的是前两周的跑步里

　　程空格前面一句说的是时间问题而选项G中的distance和time恰好与这两个话题相关联。因此答案为G。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 3

　　(2015·北京)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　This Way to Dreamland

　　d reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy.

　　1

　　They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

　　But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.

　　2

　　Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

　　So how can we come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

　　First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.

　　3

　　And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming,

　　It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”， being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.

　　4

　　Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.

　　5

　　Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

　　A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.

　　B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

　　C.Without wandering minds, we wouldn't have relativity, Coke or Post－it notes.

　　ime, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

　　E.It involves slow, steady breathing for self－control that helps people stay calm and

　　attentive.

　　be hard to understand.

　　G.Therefore, it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're

　　in the daydream zone.

　　【语篇导读】　本文主要介绍了“白日梦”现象事实上有助于创造性思维的开发。

　　解析　第一段具体列举“白日梦”在大众印象中的有哪些弊端。选项在文章前

　　后句中起到段内逻辑连接的作用。故选B。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本段话主要说明白日梦其实有很多好处选项前后是顺承关系故选C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　选项A中的“also helps”与空前一句中的“help”对应且两句话主语形式

　　统一都说的是进入空想的条件故答案为A项。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本段主要谈如何避免空想。选项E中的It指代上句中的Mindfulness

　　此时是对上句内容的解释故答案为E项。

　　答案　E

　　解析　本选项中有逻辑词therefore可作为解题线索之一空前主要讲了精彩的

　　想法随时都会出现所以带一个笔记本或录音机以便随时记录是一个好主意。故选G。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 4

　　(2015·四川)

　　根据对话内容从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。

　　：I need to lose some weight.My clothes don't fit anymore.

　　1

　　：Well,

　　A：

　　2

　　Like cycling, or you could work out at the gym.

　　A: I don't have time.

　　3

　　B：OK,

　　4

　　A：You mean no more hamburgers! Oh no!

　　OK.

　　5

　　A.Like what?

　　B.I'm too busy.

　　C.What should I do?

　　D.Some more hamburgers?

　　E.Buy some larger clothes then.

　　F.That's a good idea.Thanks a lot.

　　G.Eat something healthier, like fruit.

　　【语篇导读】　本文通过两个人的对话告诉了我们减肥的方法以及不减肥的后果。

　　解析　考查对下文的总结概括能力。根据下文的you could do more exercise.可

　　知上文是询问该怎么做故选择C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　考查对下文的总结概括能力。根据下文的Like cycling,

　　out at the gym.可知上文要求说话者举例说明故选择A。

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查对下文的总结概括能力。根据上文的I don't have time.可知选择B

　　意为我很忙。

　　答案　B

　　解析　考查对下文的总结概括能力。根据上文的you could change your diet.可

　　知应吃些健康食品如水果。

　　答案　G

　　解析　考查对下文的总结概括能力。根据上文的You mean no more hamburgers!

　　Oh no！可知如果不这样做就只有买大号的衣服了。

　　答案　E

　　Passage 5

　　(2017·北京)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Evaluating Sources (来源) of Health Information

　　aking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.

　　1

　　Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.

　　2

　　Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior“contributes to”or is“associated with”an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.

　　3

　　Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.

　　formation contained in advertisements.

　　4

　　Evaluate“scientific”statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).

　　5

　　Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspirationhealthy lifestyle that works for us.

　　Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.

　　A.Make choices that are right for you.

　　B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.

　　C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.

　　D.And examine the findings of the original research.

　　E.Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.

　　F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of

　　view.

　　G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you

　　receive from common sources.

　　1.解析　通过整体把握可以发现文章是“总分总”的结构第一段与最后一段

　　是开头和总结而中间的段落便是作者提出的建议。因此第一段末的句子应该起到统领下文各条建议的作用故答案是G。

　　答案G

　　2.解析　本段的关键词是the original source作者建议要认真考虑研究的内容并

　　能检测判断这些内容是否科学故此处答案是D同the original source相对应。

　　答案　D

　　解析　本段与misleading language“误导性的语言”相关故答案是F要知道

　　作者也许会错误

　　答案　F

　　解析　空格前提到的advertisements和B选项中的an ad是对应的。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本段说朋友和家人可能也会提供很多的建议和想法但是我们每个人都

　　应该找到适合自己的故与选项A表达的意思是相同的即要做出适合自己的决定。

　　答案　A

　　Passage 6

　　(2017·新课标全国)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　et been invented.

　　1

　　By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

　　1.Curiosity

　　Your children need to be deeply curious.

　　2

　　Ask kids，“What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time?

　　True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.

　　3

　　There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

　　3.Interpersonal Skills

　　Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.

　　4

　　“Why do you think she's crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you？”

　　5

　　There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

　　A.Encourage kids to cook with you.

　　B.And we can't forget science education.

　　C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

　　D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?

　　E.Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

　　F.We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

　　G.Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

　　【语篇导读】　本文讲述了如何帮孩子发展他们的技能。

　　解析　根据“By helping them...what the future holds”可知这里叙述的

　　发展其技能，所以上句应该是应该怎样帮助他们为将来的工作做好准备。故选D。

　　答案　D

　　解析　根据“What ingredients can we add to...and try them out”可知这里叙述的是做煎饼时添加什么配料会更好所以上句应该是鼓励孩子和你一起做饭。故选A。

　　答案　A

　　解析　根True creativity is the ability to...from it.”可知这里叙述的是根据现存事物创造新事物。所以后面应该是我们可以提供给孩子机会使他们尝试创新。故选C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　根据下文“Why do you think...？”和“Can you tell how...？”以及“If someone were...？”可知这里是问孩子怎样判断人的情感所以上文应该是我们在真F。

　　答案　F

　　解析　根据下文“There are many ways to express...”可知这里叙述的是有许多方法可以表达自己的想法和观点所以上文应该是用一种有意义的方式交流观点和想法是非常珍贵的技能故选G。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 7

　　(2017·四川)

　　根据对话内容从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。

　　：Mike

　　Mike：

　　1

　　They really suit you

　　Mary：Thanks

　　Mike：

　　2

　　：I mean...they are very popular these days；everyone is wearing them!

　　：You are great at keeping up with fashions.

　　：Well,

　　3

　　Mike：Perhaps you can help me pick out a pair of jeans now

　　Mary：

　　4

　　I would be happy to help you with your fashion change!

　　：

　　5

　　B.No problem!

　　C.See you then.

　　D.Any suggestions?

　　E.I am a girl after all.

　　F.What do you mean?

　　G.Thank you so much!

　　【语篇导读】　这是一则谈论衣着的小对话。

　　解由上面的问句及后面的答语可知A为正确答案。

　　答案　A

　　解析　下面的“I mean...”明显暗示出答案。

　　答案　F

　　解析　女孩子喜欢赶时髦项与上一句衔接自然。

　　答案　E

　　解析　根据后面一句可知此处意为“

　　答案　B

　　解析　别人爽快答应帮助自己应向对方表示感谢才符合交际习惯。

　　答案　G

　　Passage 8

　　(2017·辽宁)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　s into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：

　　1

　　Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses.

　　· Protect against UV rays (紫外线).Long－term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is

　　2

　　· Give your eyes a break.Two－thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.

　　3

　　Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes－second break and look at something 20 feet away.

　　4

　　As part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.

　　(隐形眼镜).Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lensesheir eyesight at risk.

　　5

　　Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition.

　　A.Eat your greens.

　　B.Eye care should begin early in life.

　　C.They can properly protect your eyes.

　　D.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.

　　E.Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.

　　F.Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.

　　G.This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.

　　1.解析　从空的下一句Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.可以看出视力应从娃娃抓起。

　　答案　B

　　解析　本段内容是说戴太阳镜防止紫外线伤害眼睛的问题。无论在什么季节戴太阳镜十分重要他们可以保护你的眼睛和上句为承接关系因此选C。

　　答案　C

　　解析　上句提到：三分之二的美国人每天使用电脑或其他电子产品的时间多达七个G项为最佳答案。

　　答案　G

　　解析　本题应是本段的中心句。从下文提及的健康饮食多吃水果、蔬菜可以推知A项正确。

　　答案　A

　　解析　本段讲的是正确配戴隐形眼镜的问题。要听从医生建议恰当配戴否则也许会有红眼病眼疼或者更加严重的眼部疾病故F正确。

　　答案　F

　　Passage 9

　　(2017·新课标全国)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　ith the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides these goods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that isbusiness.

　　1

　　Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.

　　2

　　Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning，direction，and control of the operations of a business.

　　3

　　One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production；sales；the purchase of equipment；and accounting.

　　4

　　The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管) and guidance by the management in authority.

　　5

　　B.In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.

　　C.Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.

　　D.However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.

　　E.The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.

　　F.In the theory of business management，organization has two main aspects.

　　G.Planning in business management has three main aspects.

　　【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文为读者介绍了什么是商业和商业管理。

　　解析　前文介绍了什么是营利性商业机构。空后的句子出现“Commonly called nonprofits”由此可知空处应填D表示语意的转折介绍非营利性商业机构。

　　答案　D

　　解析　上句提到了非营利性商业机构则空处应是提供更多的信息对上句进行进一步的阐释和扩展。故选C项。

　　答案　C

　　解析　前句解释了商业管理的概念下文为商业管理G，商业管理中的规划包括三个方面的内容。

　　答案　G

　　解析　前一句为第一个方面后一句为第三个方面显然本句应介绍第二个方面故填E。

　　答案　E

　　解析　第二段的第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧分别是planning和control。接下来已经介绍了前两者最后一点“control”还control的内容。故本空填A。

　　答案　A

　　Passage 10

　　(2017·新课标全国)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Kids' health: Four steps for fighting stress

　　1

　　Some ways of dealing with stress—like screaming or hitting someone—don't solve much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.

　　Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：

　　(1)Get support. When you need help, .

　　2

　　They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.

　　(2)Don't take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on themselves. Oh, dear, that's not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don't take it out on yourself.

　　3

　　(3)Try to solve the problem. After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends, it's time to get down to business.

　　4

　　Even if you can't solve it all，you can solve a piece of it.

　　(4)Be positive. Most stress is temporary (暂时的). Remember stress does go away

　　These steps aren't magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you'll help yourself feel better even faster.

　　5

　　A.Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.

　　B.Notice your friends' feelings and find a way to help them.

　　C.Different people feel stress in different ways.

　　D.Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.

　　E.You need to figure out what the problem is.

　　F.And don't forget about your friends.

　　G.Then, find a way to calm down.

　　答案　1.C　2.F　3.A　4.E　5.D

　　Passage 11

　　(2011·新课标全国)

　　根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Money Matters

　　1

　　So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things，candy or toys，for example.

　　1.The basic function of money

　　Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services.It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have.If he wants to have a toy，give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员).

　　2

　　When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money

　　2.Money lessons

　　Approach money lessons with openness and honesty.

　　3

　　If you must say no to a child's request to spend money，explain，“You have enough toy trucks for now.” Or，if the request is for many different things，say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”

　　3.

　　4

　　Begin at the grocery store.Pick out two similar brands of a product—a name－brand butter and a generic(无商标产品)

　　5

　　If he chooses the cheaper brand，allow him to make another purchase with the money saved.Later，you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.

　　A.Wise decisions

　　B.The value of money

　　C.Permit the child to choose between them.

　　D.Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.

　　E.Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.

　　F.Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store.

　　G.The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.

　　答案　1.G　2.F　3.D　4.A　5.C

　　阅读体裁：说明文和议论文为主。

　　考查题目类型：主旨概括句过渡句注释句(涉及上下文逻辑意义)。