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2016届高考英语考前必做黄金易错点:专题16 书面表达(专题)(原卷版)

发布时间:2017-03-24  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  专题16

  书面表达

  【易错雷区,步步为赢】

  Writing 1 (2015·新课标全国Ⅰ )

  假定你是李华,你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿,要点如下:

  1.栏目介绍。

  2.稿件内容;

  3.稿件长度:约400词;

  4.交稿日期:6月28日前。

  注意:1.词数100左右;

  2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

  3.开头语已为你写好。

  Dear Peter,

  I'd like to ask you to write an article for our school's English newspaper.

  Yours,

  Li Hua

  Writing 2 (2015·新课标全国Ⅱ)

  假如你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件,邀她一同前往,内容包括:

  1.出发及返回时间;

  2.活动:包饺子、表演节目等。

  注意:1.词数100左右;

  2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

  3.结语已为你写好。

  Dear Lucy,

  Looking forward to your reply.

  Yours,

  Li Hua

  Writing 3(2015·北京)

  假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,介绍在“传统文化进校园”活动中,向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程,并以“A Day with a Craftsman”为题,给校刊“英语角”写一篇英语稿件。

  注意:词数不少于60。

  提示词:一个面团 a piece of dough

  面人 dough figurine

  Writing 4 (2015·福建)

  请阅读下面图画,按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。

  内容包括:

  1.描述画面;

  2.概述其含义;

  3.谈谈个人感想。

  凿壁偷光

  注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;

  2.可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、行文连贯;

  3.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。

  参考词汇:凿,钻:bore

  In the picture,

  Writing 5 (2015·江苏)

  请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

  1.The other day, a netizen(网民) shared a photo on Sina Weibo. It was about an old lady standing in front of a car that was on a bicycle lane, and insisting that it leave the track. The photo drew about 7,000 comments on the social media platform. Despite the thumbs-up(点赞) given to the old lady, some argued that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic.

  2.Some riders of e-bikes and bicycles come and go in all directions, ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles. Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic. Thus the avoidable road accidents become unavoidable.

  3.From 2005 to 2017, the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million. Currently, China had 15% of the world's total vehicles.

  【写作内容】

  1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;

  2.结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;

  3.根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。

  【写作要求】

  1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

  2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;

  3.不必写标题。

  【评分标准】

  内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。

  Writing 6 (2015·北京)

  假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封邮件,告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营,希望他一起参加。邮件的内容包括:

  1.介绍训练营的相关内容(例如:时间,地点,参加者等);

  2.说明你打算参加的原因;

  3.询问对方的意向。

  注意:1.词数不少于50;

  2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。

  提示词:龙舟训练营

  Dragon Boat Training Camp

  Dear Jim,

  Yours,

  Li Hua

  Writing 7 (2015·四川)

  假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发帖,希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平,她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。

  1.表达给她提供帮助的意愿;

  2.说明你能胜任辅导的理由;

  3.给出讲好普通话的两点建议;

  4.提出你学习英语的具体需求。

  注意:1.词数120左右,开头语已为你写好;

  2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;

  3.文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称;

  Hi Sharon,

  This is Li Xia.I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.

  Li Xia

  Writing 8 (2015·天津)

  假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津,你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示,写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系,并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。

  (1)自我介绍;

  (2)拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等;

  (3)询问对方的其他需求。

  注意:1.词数不少于100;

  2.请适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯。

  参考词汇: 学生会 the Student Union

  Dear Chris,

  Yours,

  Li Jin

  Writing 9 (2015·陕西)

  假定你是李华,在校报英语专栏看到了学校“英语文化节”的一则招募启事。请阅读启事,并根据写作要点和写作要求写一封应征邮件。

  Volunteers Wanted

  Our annual English Festival,which will be held on June 15-17,2015,is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show,Speech Contest,and English Debate.If you are interested,please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms Chen at chenlaoshi@aef.com.

  写作要点:

  1.表达写作意图;

  2.陈述应征目的;

  3.说明应征条件(性格、能力等)。

  写作要求:

  1.邮件词数不少于100;

  2.开头和结尾部分已写好,不计入总词数;

  3.可根据情况增加细节,使行文连贯;

  4.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

  Dear Ms Chen,

  I'm Li Hua,a student from Class 2, Grade 3.

  Looking forward to your reply.

  Yours truly,

  Li Hua

  Writing 10 (2015·重庆)

  Bookcrossing.com 是一个面向全球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与方式:一是自由分享(wild release),即把书放在指定地点,由其他参与者自由获取;二是定向分享(controlled release),即直接传递给另一位参与者。

  假设你是李华,请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括:

  ·表明写信目的

  ·选择一种分享方式

  ·简述做出该选择的理由

  ·希望了解更多信息

  注意:(1)词数不少于80;

  (2)书信格式及开头已给出(不计入总词数)。

  【名师点睛,易错起源】

  话题一:中学生的爱好与兴趣 Spare time(业余时间),

  favorite(最喜欢的),

  Interest(兴趣),

  hobby(爱好),

  appetite(嗜好),

  taste(口味),

  read novels(读小说),

  play football/basketball(踢足球/打篮球),

  surf the internet(上网),

  chat online(在线聊天),

  play games(玩游戏),

  collect stamps(集邮),

  make e-friends(交网友),

  climb mountains(爬山),

  watch TV(看电视),

  enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),

  be interested in(对…感兴趣),

  develop an interest in(在…方面发展兴趣),

  be fond of(喜欢…),

  be keen on(喜欢…),

  have love for(喜爱…),

  have a taste in(对…有兴趣) 等。

  话题二:劳动与劳动观念 Work(工作), be at work(在工作), work hard(努力工作), produce(生产), worker(工人), labor force(劳动力), labor(劳动), voluntary labor(义务劳动),serve the people(为人民服务),heart and soul(全心全意),physical labor(体力劳动), mental labor(脑力劳动), labor viewpoint(劳动观念), labor Day(劳动节), workday(工作日), means of labor(劳动方式), honorable(光荣的), be devoted to(奉献于..), value(价值), earn money(赚钱) , personal interests(个人利益)等。 话题三:创建和谐社会 harmonious(和谐的), friendly(友好的), civilized(文明的), honest(真诚的), credible (诚信的), be public-spirited(有公德心的), balanced(平衡的), be in order(有序的), peaceful(和平的), live in harmony(生活和谐), sustainable development(可持续发展)等,help each ether(互助), care for each other(互相关心), have deep love for (热爱), be concerned with (关心), build(创建), cherish(珍惜), take an active part in(积极参与), pay attention to social moral(讲究社会公德), protect the environment(保护环境), save energy(节省能源)等。No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。…

  can be achieved by hard wok. …可以通过劳动获得。It is difficult to find work in the present situation. 在当前形势下,很难找到工作。It is honorable to …是光荣的。

  If everyone … for others and the society, our world will be …如果每个人为他人和社会做…, 我们这个世界将会…。Every one should … and devotes himself to building our motherland into a strong country.每个人应该 …,为把我们祖国建设成为一个强壮的国家而奉献自己的力量。

  话题四:招聘与求职 employ(雇佣), look for(寻找), take in(吸纳), full-time(全职的), part-time(兼职的), well-paid(薪水高的), be paid by the hour(按小时发工资), requirement(要求), résumé(个人履历),schooling(受教育情况), subjects(课程), working experience(工作经历), qualification(合格证明), transcript (成绩单), health(健康状况), present address(现在通讯地址)等,apply for(申请…), graduate from(毕业于), major in(以…为专业), degree(学位), scholarship(奖学金), good grades(良好的成绩), hobby(爱好), favorite(最喜欢的), be skilled in(在…方面熟练), be good at(擅长…), experienced(有经验的), confident(自信的), English and computer ability(英语和计算机能力), healthy(健康的)等。

  话题五:中学生的健康问题 Physical and mental condition(身体与精神状态), strong(强壮的), un/healthy(不健康/健康的), overweight/fat(肥胖的), thin(瘦的), near/short-sighted(近视的), mentally unhealthy(精神不健全的), normal(正常的), abnormal(不正常的), energetic(精力旺盛的), unhealthy eating habit(不健康的饮食习惯), eat much junk food (吃太多的垃圾食品)等,Stay/keep healthy/fit(保持健康), build up one’s body/ improve one’s' health(强身健体), enough sleep(充足的睡眠), take regular exercise(进行有规律的运动), roper diet(合理的饮食), good living habits(良好的生活习惯), lose weight(减肥), remove heavy burdens(减轻负担), be good for/do good to(对…有益处), nutrition(营养), go on diet(节食), form a … eating habit(养成一个…的饮食习惯) Breathe in as much fresh air等。 话题六:环境保护 Pollute(污染),Waste is scattering here and there.(到处撒满了废弃物),protect the environment(保护环境) ,send out smoke and poisonous gases into the air(散发出烟和有毒气体),cut down trees(砍伐树木), pour waste water into the rivers(把废水注入河流),It is a shame to throw rubbish around. (乱扔垃圾是可耻的),form good habits to protect the surroundings(养成良好的习惯来保护环境), take active measures to protect rare animals(采取积极措施保护稀有动物), take good care of our forests(关心我们的森林),plant more trees to improve the environment (多植来改善环境),The terrible pollution have done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings. (可怕的污染已经给我们自己还有我们的环境带来了很大的危害。)

  话题七:校园文明与安全问题 School rules and regulations(学校规章制度),obey(遵守), observe(遵守), keep/observe discipline(遵守纪律), behave well(表现良好),be neatly dressed(穿戴整洁), respect one’s teachers and parents(尊敬师长), be on time(准时), keep the environment clean(保持环境干净), civilized(文明的) break the rules(违反规章制度), discipline(纪律), spit(吐痰), throw rubbish everywhere(乱扔垃圾), cheat in the exam(考试作弊), get in line (插队), fight with sb.(与…打架), punish sb. for (因…处罚某人)等。The students are told not to break any of the rules of the school. 学校要求学生不要违反任何规章制度。The students are expected to … 学校期望学生…。It must be made clear that the students should … 必须明确的一点是,学生应该…。 … is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society. …对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。It is honorable to obey the principles and rules of our school.遵守学校的规章制度是光荣的。It is worthy of praise to ... …是值得表扬的。It is shameful to … …是可耻的。What we should do is that … 我们应该做的事情是… 话题八:友谊 get to know sb.(认识某人),communicate with sb. (与某人交流) , know sb. really well(熟知某人), make friends with sb.(和某人交朋友), a strong personality (一个很强的个性), personal matters(隐私), friendship(友谊), friendly(友好的), a close friend(一个亲密的朋友), trust each other (相互信任), precious(珍贵的), worthy(有价值的), understanding(通情达理的), share …with sb.(与…分享…), be loyal to(对…忠诚), keep in touch with sb. (与…保持联系), keep company with sb.(和…结交), stay best friends with sb. (和…保持很好的友谊)等。

  A friend in need is a friend indeed.

  患难中的朋友,才是真正的朋友。

  话题九、描写人物性格的词句

  好词: boring 乏味的 charming 可爱的confident自信的 humorous 幽默的optimistic乐观的outstanding杰出的pessimistic悲观的pleasant令人愉快的 proud骄傲的 rude没礼貌的 sociable 善于交际的

  Spirited精神饱满的vigorous 强健的adventurous 冒险的generous 宽宏大量的gentle 文雅的lovely可爱的 nervous焦虑的 quiet文静的 romantic浪漫的selfish自私的

  Strong坚强的calm 镇定的cold冷酷的 cool冷静的impatient 急躁的sweet和蔼的

  Brave 勇敢的 careful仔细的

  careless 粗心的

  good-hearted热心的

  responsible 有责任心的

  Diligent

  勤奋的experienced有经验的forgetful健忘的hardworking努力工作的 ill-mannered举止粗鲁的 imaginative富于想象力的knowledgeable 有知识的modest 谦虚的polite 有礼貌的

  rude粗鲁的 simple-minded头脑简单的 

  好句子:

  Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.

  世上无难事,只怕有心人

  Never despair of success 不要丧失成功的信心

  Optimism is the best way to deal with disappointment.乐观是对失望的最好方法

  Humor helps us bear our burdens ,lessen our tension, overcome our frustration, relax ourselves and make life easier.幽默有助于我们承受负担,减缓压力,战胜失败,放松自我,使生活更加轻松。

  He has an instinct for art他有艺术天分。

  He is simple and honest by nature他斌性纯朴。

  He is a most agreeable fellow 他为人随和。

  My elder brother is generous in handling affairs.

  我的兄长做事很大气。

  He is very gentle towards his neighbors.他对邻居很和气。

  My father is kind-hearted我父亲心地和善。

  She is modest and amiable to everyone. 他待人谦和。

  She is tender and kind她温存和蔼。

  He is strong of will他意志坚强。

  I felt at ease after hearing his words.

  听了他的话,我心里踏实了。

  He is honest in business.他做生意很实在。

  The jobless man did nothing but wait for his chance.

  那个失业者什么也不做就等待机会。

  We should be realistic instead of over ambitious.

  我们要脚踏实地,不要好高骛远。

  The gentleman was well-educated and elegant.这位先生受过良好的教育,气质高雅。

  Everyone expressed their views freely.

  大家无拘无束地发表意见。

  The child has no manners. 这孩子没规矩。

  Her acting was very natural , although it was the first time she appeared on the stage. 她虽然是初次演出,但是演得很自然。

  Most of the students of the school are polite ,courteous and good-mannered.

  该校大多数学生都彬彬有礼。

  He would go abroad to make further studies.他将出国深造。

  话题十 、旅游:

  单词

  Cross-country横跨全国的

  enjoyable令人愉快的

  exciting激动人心的

  expensive昂贵的

  happy 幸福的 memorable 难忘的

  lovely 美好的

  historic有历史意义的

  ideal理想的

  mountainous 多山的

  remote遥远的 romantic浪漫的

  wild 荒凉的

  wonderful美妙的 attractive吸引人的

  dry干枯的

  flat平坦的

  frozen 冰冻的

  golden金色的 grassy 长满青草的

  impressive难忘的

  narrow狭窄的 rapid水流很急的

  roaring咆哮的

  rocky 多岩石的

  stony 多石头的

  句子:

  He who travels far knows much.远行者见闻多。

  Travelling can enrich your knowledge. 旅游可以丰富你的知识。

  Bored with their routine life , they want to travel for a change人们厌倦了一成不变的生活,为了求变,人们选择去旅游。

  A visit to Canada

  is likely to be an unforgettable experience.

  到加拿大旅行一般令人难忘。

  It is a busy reason for tourism这是个旅游旺季。

  Shanghai is a culture center.上海是个文化中心。

  The place is a feast to the eye。这地方让人大饱眼福。

  Today the lake is a year-round paradise for the fishermen.现在这个湖是钓鱼者一年四季的天堂。

  Xi’an is a place of historic interest.西安是个具有历史意义的地方。

  Beijing is a place rich in historic relics.北京是一个具有历史遗产的地方。

  South China has green hills and clear waters and is full of beautiful scenery.中国的江南山清水秀,风景美丽。

  好段:

  Travelling enriches your knowledge , it enables you to learn a lot that you cannot get from books. It helps you to see backward with a broader mind.

  Travelling also helps you to make new friends . wherever you go, you are bound to meet people . and the contact on this special occasion can often bring about friendship more easily. Sometimes a kind help , or even a brief heart-to-heard chat , can earn you devoted and ever-lasting friends.

  How ever ,travelling may cause some problems. The booking of tickets may be an inconvenient matter. The over crowded bus or train may make you exhausted. And , what’s more, travelling costs much time and money so it is clear that travelling has its advantages and disadvantages.

  话题十一、描写天气:

  Awful 糟糕的

  changeable变化无常的

  clear晴朗的

  cloudy多云的 cold寒冷的 common常见的 damp 潮湿的

  dry干燥的 fine 晴朗 的 foggy有雾的

  frosty有霜冻的 wonderful极佳的

  hot

  热的

  ideal理想的

  mild 温和的 cloudy多云的 pleasant晴朗的

  rainy多雨的

  snowy 下雪的

  stormy 暴风雨的

  sunny 阳光灿烂的

  terrible 可怕的

  warm温暖的 wet多雨的

  windy风大的

  好句:

  1The clear sky is as blue as the calm sea. 晴空万里,天蓝得像平静的大海。

  2..today it is fine. The sky is cloudlessly blue.今天是个碧空如洗的好天气。

  话题十二、时间、与季节:

  Brief 短暂的,简明的,endless 无限的, limited 有限的,

  Fleeting流逝的,long长的,short短的,early早的,late迟的,enough 足够的,convenient方便的,inconvenient 不方便的,

  Perfect极好的, proper恰当的,special 特别的,uncertain 不确定的,fresh 新鲜的,

  话题十三、关于国家的描写:

  Advanced 先进的agricultural 农业的 civilized 文明的 developed 发达的developing发展中的underdeveloped 不发达的 industrial 工业的 modern现代化的peaceful 爱好和平的 powerful强大的 prosperous繁荣的

  十四、关于资源的描写:

  energy resource 能源 limited有限的plenty of 大量的 ,充足的

  Poor 贫乏的  be rich in 在…..方面很富有

  We have a great need for energy because of the rapid growth of our economy.

  我们经济的高速增长决定了我们对能源有很大的需求。

  These rich energy resources are being used up rapidly.

  这些丰富的资源正在迅速被用光。

  Obviously, our country is rich in natural resources.

  显而易见,我们国家自然资源丰富

  No matter how hard we try to save energy resources and how abundant they are, we will use them up sooner or later. Therefore, we should use new energy resources, such as solar energy to replace them .If so , we can solve the problem of energy shortage.

  无论我们多么节约能源,也不论能源有多么丰富, 我们迟早要用完的。因此,我们应该使用新能源,比如太阳能来取代它们。如果这样的话, 我们就能解决能源短缺问题。

  十五:法律和经济:

  单词: legal 法律的、合法的,illegal 违法的、不合规定的,common公共的,

  Progressive进步的,severe严厉的,equal 平等的,strengthen 加强、强化,

  system制度、体制,obey 遵守,discipline规则、原则//

  economy 经济,advantage 优点、利益,adjustment (n.)调整,arrangement (n.) 安排, company 公司,contract 合同,control 控制,cost 成本,expenses 费用,spending开支,data数据,investigate/ investigation 调查,industry/ industrial工业/工业的,agriculture/agricultural 农业/农业的,service industry服务业,decision (n.) 决定、决策, policy政策,income 收益,收入 , with the arrival of globalization of economy随着经济全球化的来临

  句子:

  We should strengthen the legal system.

  我们应该加强法制。

  Everybody is supposed to be equal before the law.

  法律面前人人平等。

  Everyone must obey laws and discipline.

  人人都应遵纪守法。

  The motivation of producing fake products is to make a great deal of money easily and it is illegal. 生产假冒产品的动机就是为了赚钱容易,这是违法的。

  After arguing with him for an hour, we made a fair trade.

  与他争论一小时后,我们做了一桩公平交易。

  He owns a store.他拥有一家店铺。

  Many products of poor quality can be seen everywhere.

  许多劣质产品到处可见。

  十六文化教育

  单词:

  culture 文化

  cultural 文化的, communicate with 与……交流, advanced 高级的,先进的 out-dated过时的modern 现代的aimless 目的不明确的 creative thinking 创造性思维 formal 正式的 informal 非正式的, passive education被动教育 practical 实用的实际的practical problems 实际问题, world-class university 世界一流大学

  side effect副作用, be in favor of 赞同, get further study 得到深造, follow the instructions of 听从…..的教导 excellent 优异的,limited 有限的,limitless 无限的,equip 装备,poorly-equipped设备差的,well-equipped 设备好的,respectable 受尊敬的 main 主要的,interesting 有趣的,attractive,有吸引力的,boring,乏味的,exciting令人兴奋的,令人激动的,encouraging鼓舞人心的,popular 流行的,受欢迎的,impressive 令人印象深刻的, difficult困难的,important重要的,ordinary普通的,valuable有价值的, vivid 生动的,strict严格的,traditional传统的,dull 单调的,separate单独的,special 特别的,regular正规的,be devoted to对…富有献身精神的,experienced 有经验的,learned 博学的,patient有耐心的,well-trained受过良好训练的,responsible有责任心的,irresponsible,没有责任心的,qualified合格的,careful细心的,careless,粗心的,bright/ clever聪明的,gifted有才华的,talented有天赋的, thoughtful爱思考的,diligent勤奋的,enthusiastic热心的,deep深刻的,detailed详细的,lifelong终身的,scientific科学的,serious严肃的,严重的,develop personal interests发展个人兴趣,competitive有竞争的,satisfying令人满意的,disappointing令人失望的,study load学习负担,pass the exam 通过考试,top students优秀生,major in主修,do research on sth.对…研究

  Education is the best way for a nation to invest for the future.

  教育是一个民族对未来投资的最好办法。

  With the arrival of the economic globalization and knowledge economy, more and more people realized that the competition in the future is mainly the talents' competition , therefore, education is becoming more and more important.

  随着经济全球化和知识经济的到来,人们越来越清楚地认识到,未来的竞争主要是人才的竞争,因此,教育正变得越来越重要。

  十七:人类活动:

  生活和经历:

  Rich 富有的

  poor 贫穷的

  colorful 丰富多彩的

  awful 糟糕的、不快的, busy 忙碌的 ,calm 安宁的,

  boring 乏味的,bitter 苦的、悲惨的,painful 痛苦的,fortunate/ unfortunate 幸运的、不幸的,memorable 难忘的,unforgettable 难忘的,

  discouraging 令人沮丧的,puzzling 使人迷惑的,disgraceful不光彩的,

  dull枯燥乏味的, fascinating迷人的,奇妙的,novel 新奇的,unique独特的,thrilling充满刺激的, adventurous 冒险的 , friendless 没有朋友的,lonely 孤独的, meaningful 有意义的,meaningless 无意义的, noble 高尚的, peaceful 宁静的, purposeless无目的的, successful 成功的, stable稳定的,miserable悲惨的,costly 代价昂贵的,valuable 宝贵的,strange奇怪的,

  artistic 艺术的, brilliant 出色的,辉煌的, creative 富有创造性的, dangerous 危险的,honorable 光荣的,horrible 可怕的, independent 独立的, professional 专业的,有特定的职业的,sensible明智的 ,

  感情: changeful易变的 considerate 体贴的 , foolish 愚蠢的,jealous 嫉妒的,brotherly 兄弟般的, fearful 胆怯的,pure纯洁的,violent狂暴的, romantic /romantically 浪漫的/浪漫地,lifelong终身的, sincere真挚的,exciting 兴奋的,precious珍贵的, cheerful 兴高采烈的,cheerless缺少欢乐的,comfortable舒服的,delightful令人快乐的, sad 悲伤的,pleasant令人愉快的

  十八:艺术与语言:

  Ancient 古代的, classic 古典的, modern现代的,

  realistic 现实主义的,abstract抽象的,romantic 烂漫主义的,浪漫的,amusing 逗人的,complicated复杂的,moving 感人的, instructive 有指导意义的/有教育意义的,shallow浮浅的,well-known 著名的,well-written写得好的,fascinating 迷人的,怪诞的,comic戏剧性的,tragic悲剧性的,vivid生动的,natural自然的,entertaining 使人愉快的,有趣的,inspiring鼓舞人心的,popular流行的,harmonious 和谐的,graceful 优雅的,雅致的,emotional 感情充沛的,lively生气勃勃的,明快的,beautiful优美的,美妙的,sweet甜美的,shocking令人震惊的

  【名师点睛,易错起源】

  随着网络的发展,目前很多人给好友发电子贺卡。请根据以下提示阐述电子贺卡的优越性。

  1.除图像外,还可以传递动画和声音,生动,有趣;传递速度快;

  2.形式多样,还可以 Flash 或其他软体自己设计贺卡;

  3.省纸张,有利于保护树木和环境。

  注意:1、文章包括以上要点,可适当发挥。不要逐条翻译。2、词数:100左右。

  3、参考词汇:电子贺卡— electronic card动画—animation。

  With the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones at New Year’s time. Compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more interesting and lively. You can get not only pictures but also sound and even animations. Besides, it’s faster to send an electric card. There are many web sites on line where different varieties of cards are available. If none of these cards are of any interest to you, you can design cards of your own using Flash or other software. More importantly, with the popularity of electronic cards, less paper is used for making paper cards. Electronic cards are environmentally friendly, so why not use them?

  **********************************************************结束

  书面表达一贯是学生棘手的难题,综合性很强,测试学生对知识的全面理解。学生之所以走入误区原因有二:其一,对英语知识一知半解,只知其一,不知其二;其二,对英美文化背景的不了解、思维定势及中英文差异。现笔者就学生最难走出的误区加以指点。

   误区一:只知道单词的意思,却不知它的用法。

  如:她在她妈妈旁边坐下。

  误:She seated beside her mother.

  正:She seated herself beside her mother.

  正:She sat down beside her mother.

  说明:"seat"作动词时,意为"坐下,就坐,使坐下",是及物动词,后面须跟宾语或用被动语态。

  又如:他们发现那位老人坐在书桌边。

  误:They found the old man seating at a desk.

  正:They found the old man seated at a desk.

  正:They found the old man was seated at a desk.

  正:They found the old man seating himself at a desk.

  正:They found the old man sitting at a desk.

  注:除了"seat"有此用法外,即一般只作及物动词,中学课本里还有很多,如:devote(致力于,献身,奉献),raise(抬起,举起,提高,饲养)等等。

  如:他们献身于航天事业。

  误:They devoted to the spaceflight cause.

  正:They devoted themselves to the spaceflight cause.

  正:They were devoted to the spaceflight cause.

  误区二:受思维定势的干扰。

  如:中国在科学领域发生了翻天覆地的变化。

  误:China has taken place great changes in the science field.

  正:Great changes have taken place in the science field in China.

  说明:误句中不知"take place"是不及物动词,只按思维习惯进行,所以出错。

  又如:如今这样的事情能够被阻止发生。

  误:Nowadays such things can be prevented from being happened.

  正:Nowadays such things can be prevented from happening.

  说明:"happen"为不及物动词,没有被动语态。

  又如:他母亲病了三天了。

  误:His mother has fallen ill for 3 days.

  正:His mother has been ill for 3 days.

  说明:误句中的"fall ill"是非延续性动词,不可接一段时间或表示延续状态。

  又如:小偷被带进来了,双手被绑。

  误:The thief was brought in,with his hands being tied.

  正:The thief was brought in,with his hands tied.

  说明:"tie"不能用进行时表达一个延续的状态。但可说:He is tying his shoes now.

  又如:我的钥匙丢了。

  误:My key is missed.

  正:My key is missing.

  说明:"miss"作动词没有丢失之意,意为"错过,想念"等,而"missing"在此作形容词"丢失的,不见的"。

  又如:现在我想对你说实话。

  误:I am wanting to tell you the truth now.

  正:I want to tell you the truth now.

  说明:"want, like, prefer"等属于人的情感动词,没有进行时、将来时、完成时。一般只用于现在时或过去时。

  误区三:不理解句型结构。

  如:我们一直盼望着的那一天终于来到了。

  误:The day we had been looking forward to coming at last.

  正:The day we had been looking forward to came at last.

  说明:此句错误原因是对句型结构不理解,came为谓语动词。

  又如:承认自己的错误并不可耻。

  误:There is nothing to be ashamed in confessing one's errors.

  正:There is nothing to be ashamed of in confessing one's errors.

  说明:误句中不定式是nothing的定语,在意义上nothing又是不定式的宾语。因此需要用to be ashamed of短语。

  比较:1) It's nothing to be proud of.这不值得骄傲。

  2) Don't cry. There is nothing to worry about.别哭,这没有什么可担心的。

  又如,我们已经把意见告诉他了。

  误:We have informed him our opinions.

  正:We have informed him of our opinions.

  说明:表示"告诉某人某事",不能说inform somebody something,应说inform somebody of something,这是"inform"的句型要求。

  比较:I have to inform you that I shall leave the city next Friday.我得告诉你我下星期得离开这个城市。

  说明:inform somebody之后接that clause就不用"of",但必须先接somebody才能再接从句,否则省略了somebody则为误句。

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