2016届江苏宿迁宿豫中学高考英语专题复习精练：阅读理解（8）

　　阅读理解（8）

　　A

　　Juvenile Fire Stoppers

　　If you live

　　in

　　Bellevue

　　and

　　your

　　child

　　has

　　played with fire，deliberately set a fire or you are unsure how to teach your child about fire safety, the Bellevue Fire Department can help.

　　Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, the trained

　　teenagers can assess fire setting behavior, receive free fire

　　safety education and stop their dangerous behavior. For your

　　guidance, the Bellevue Fire Department offers the following：

　　Fire Setting

　　Fire setting is the term used to describe the behavior of children who have begun to use fire in a dangerous way.

　　Through the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program, children can gain

　　the skills to alter this dangerous behavior. Do not put off dealing

　　with this behavior. Fire is a devastating and deadly force.

　　Motivations for Fire Setting

　　Children set fire for the following reasons：

　　Curiosity

　　About 75 percent of children set fires, because they are

　　curious. The opportunity is there because the child has access

　　to fire tools and is not supervised. He or she decides

　　to see what fire will do.

　　Reactionary

　　Reactionary fire setters are usually older, upset about something and not very good at expressing themselves. They typically light a fire as a way to let grown­ups know they need help. Their fire setting is in reaction to a problem.

　　Delinquent_Behavior

　　Usually delinquent fire setters light fires for fun. Most of the time, it's a prank(恶作剧) or because of a dare.

　　Most fire setters in this group don't realize they are breaking the law and could go to jail.

　　What you can do：

　　◆Set a good example. If you smoke, be responsible for your use of matches and lighters.Children learn by watching you.

　　◆Keep matches and lighters out of children's sight and reach.

　　Even toddlers (学步的儿童)

　　can use lighters and matches to start a fire.

　　◆Teach your children that if their clothes catch fire, they should not run, but stop, drop and roll.

　　They should immediately stop what they're doing, drop to the floor and roll over and over until the fire is out.

　　Urge your kids to sign up for the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program!

　　Contact Information

　　Fire Department

　　450 110th Ave. NE

　　Bellevue, WA 98009

　　Contact: Prevention Division

　　Phone:

　　425－452－6872

　　E­mail:

　　fire _prevention@ bellevuewa. gov.

　　1. The passage is meant for________.

　　A．parentsB．children

　　C．teachers

　　D．firefighters

　　2．The Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program can help children________.

　　A．obtain the driving skills

　　B．change their fire setting behavior

　　C．assess their survival skills

　　D．give up the habit of smoking

　　3. The

　　majority

　　of children set fires out of ________.

　　A. fun

　　B. reaction

　　C. courage

　　D. curiosity

　　4. We can learn from the passage that delinquent fire setting is________.

　　A. interesting

　　B. illegal

　　C. lawful

　　D. deadly

　　[文章大意]　本文主要提供了Bellevue消防部门举办的以阻止小孩玩火为目的的活动项目—the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program的相关信息。

　　1．A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的“your child has played with fire”及“teach your child”可推知，本文是写给父母看的。

　　2．B。细节理解题。根据Fire Setting下面的“Through the Juvenile

　　Fire Stoppers Program, children can gain the skills to alter this dangerous behavior.”可知，the Juvenile Fire Stoppers Program可以帮助孩子们改变玩火的行为。

　　3．D。细节理解题。根据Motivations for Fire Setting下面的“About 75 percent of children set fires，because they are

　　curious.”可知，大多数的孩子玩火主要是出于好奇。

　　4．B。细节理解题。根据Delinquent Behavior中的“Most fire setters in this group don't realize they are breaking the law and could go

　　to jail.”可知，过失纵火是违法的。

　　B

　　The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉).

　　Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze (凝视) starts to lose its focus－until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.

　　Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

　　Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number or spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness?

　　When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;

　　likewise(同样地)

　　when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

　　5. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the

　　baby's ________.

　　A. sense of hearing

　　B. sense of sight

　　C. sense of touch

　　D. sense of smell

　　6. Babies are sensitive to the change in ________.

　　A. the size of cards

　　B. the colour of pictures

　　C. the shape of patterns

　　D. the number of objects

　　7. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?

　　A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.

　　B. To see how babies recognize sounds.

　　C. To carry their experiment further.

　　D. To keep the babies' interest.

　　8. Where does this text probably come from?

　　A. Science fiction.

　　B. Children's literature.

　　C. An advertisement.

　　D. A science report.

　　[文章大意]　刚刚出生的婴儿对眼前出现的不同图片和物体的数量有没有概念呢？他们对视觉和声音的变化敏感吗？对此，研究者进行了一系列的试验。

　　5．B。考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced.”可知，第一段描述的试验主要针对的是婴儿的视觉(sense of sight)。

　　6．D。考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.”可知，当图片上物体的数量发生变化时，婴儿注视图片的时间增加了一倍。由此可知，婴儿对物体数量的变化非常敏感。

　　7．C。考查推理判断。根据第二段的内容可知，研究者变换了对婴儿的刺激方式，是为了更深入地进行研究。因此研究者让婴儿听鼓声是为了进行深入的研究。

　　8．D。考查推理判断。本文介绍了对婴儿进行的试验、试验的经过、结果等，因此本文可能来自于一份科学报告。

　　C

　　Smile and keep up the spirit; everything is temporary.Problems are the steps we need to acquire better things.Problems are new opportunities to learn what we need to know to avoid making mistakes, to start over，to do the best we can，with a new attitude，the right attitude.

　　Everything is for good.At the end of the tunnel there is always light. The important thing is that regardless of any barrier we face, we don't stop moving forward while we are in the darkness of that tunnel. To stay in such darkness, to sigh，or to wait for somebody to feel pity or sorry for us doesn't solve anything.

　　It is important to understand that walking in that unavoidable dark tunnel is a blessing in disguise since it becomes part of our experience, it makes us grow and it is one of the two ways that forces us to form our character. Benjamin Franklin said, “We either buy wisdom, paying for our mistakes, or take it borrowed, learning from other people's mistakes.”

　　To stay in the misery or blame others does you no good. You are bigger than any challenge; you have everything you need to make it through and succeed. Don't stop！Continue moving forward! Don't stay in that mental dark zone. In this zone there is no growth,

　　only insecurity(不安)．

　　Regardless of all fears, it is necessary to keep moving forward. There are a lot of blessings waiting for you! The riches of life are for those who have the courage and perseverance(坚持不懈) to take action. Life may not be fair; it is for sure that all of us will pay for our mistakes. That is unavoidable, but what makes us grow is not how many times life beats us, but how many times we get up and try.

　　Who hasn't gone through bad times？The important thing is to see, understand, and accept life as it is. Everybody makes mistakes! Once we make a decision and take action, there is no way to go back. Life cannot be, nor will it be otherwise.

　　Being irresponsible, blaming, or justifying(为……辩护) our actions and mistakes keeps us from growing.

　　1．In Paragraph 2 the author advises us to ________.

　　A．ignore the difficult situation

　　B．wait for help when in trouble

　　C．keep moving in times of trouble

　　D．be careful of any barrier we face

　　2．What Benjamin Franklin said proves that________.

　　A．some people don't make mistakes

　　B．making mistakes is unavoidable

　　C．we have to pay for our mistakes

　　D．mistakes can be beneficial to us

　　3．Which of the following statements would the author agree to according to the passage?

　　A. Accepting life as it is frees us from growing.

　　B. Courage and perseverance are vital to success.

　　C. We should think twice before making a decision.

　　D. We should bear in mind that life is equal to everyone.

　　4．The author writes the passage mainly to ________.

　　A. encourage readers to pursue their dreams

　　B. advise readers to get out of the comfort zone

　　C. call on readers to feel confident about their future

　　D. convince readers to look on problems as opportunities

　　[文章大意]　在人生路上，每个人都会遇到困难和挑战。如果我们能够培养良好的心态，把困难看作前进的垫脚石，勇往直前，最终我们就能够克服困难，走向成功。

　　1．C。考查细节理解。根据第二段第三句可知，作者建议我们遇到困难时，不要止步不前。

　　2．D。 考查推理判断。在第三段中，作者引用了富兰克林的话，是为了证明前面作者的观点：错误使我们成长，错误有助于塑造我们的性格。

　　3．B。考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段第三句可知，作者认为，生活中的财富属于那些有勇气、有毅力的人。可见作者认为勇气和毅力是成功的要素。

　　4．D。考查写作意图。通览全文，作者旨在劝说读者要把生活中的困难看作前进的台阶，努力拼搏，克服困难，开创未来。

　　D

　　Royal baby Prince George may have been big news when he was born last week，but he is put in the shade by this infant who weighed almost a stone at birth.

　　When he was born last Monday, he was the largest royal baby in over 100 years，weighing 8 lb 6 oz，and was described as“a big boy and quite heavy” by his parents.

　　But on Friday a baby girl named Jasleen became Germany's heaviest ever newborn at 13 lb 7 oz when she came into

　　the

　　world

　　without

　　a

　　caesarean(剖腹产手术)．

　　Mother and baby are currently being cared for at the

　　neonatal ward of the University Hospital in Leipzig, reports

　　Der Spiegel.

　　Jasleen's mother only arrived at the hospital on the day of

　　the birth, and doctors discovered that she had suffered from an

　　undiagnosed case of gestational diabetes (孕期糖尿病),

　　a

　　condition that can cause excessive birth weight in the newborn

　　child.

　　Jasleen,

　　who is 22.6 inches long, easily steals the crown

　　from Germany's previous heaviest baby Jihad Yagi, who weighed 13 lb when he was born in November 2011.

　　In March British mum Jade Packer, gave birth naturally

　　to a 15 lb 7 oz baby boy named George, the second largest

　　baby ever to be born in the UK.

　　He was more than double the average for a newborn, at

　　Gloucester Royal Infirmary.

　　After he arrived two weeks late his mum said,

　　“He was a

　　surprise－a big surprise, as it turned out.”

　　“To be honest, I don't remember it so much. It came

　　and went. I remember a lot of pressure, but you just get on

　　with it, don't you？”

　　He is thought to be the second largest baby born naturally

　　in Britain, after 15 lb 8 oz Guy Carr of Barrow­in­Furness，Cumbria, who arrived in 1992.

　　In

　　February last year,

　　a baby boy was born in China's central Henan province, weighing a whopping 15.5 lb.

　　Chun Chun came into the world via caesarean section，with his proud father claiming to feel very happy at the birth of such a big, fat son.

　　The heaviest birth listed by Guinness World Records belongs to a baby boy born in 1879 in Ohio, who weighed 23 lb 12 oz at birth and whose mother was said to be a giantess. Unfortunately, the baby died 11 hours after birth.

　　5. What does the underlined phrase in the first paragraph

　　probably mean?

　　A. To be popular.

　　B. To be outshone.

　　C. To be left unhealthy.

　　D. To be impressive.

　　6. Who is the second largest baby ever born in the UK?

　　A. Prince George.

　　B. A baby boy named George.

　　C. Jasleen.

　　D. Guy Carr.

　　7. Which of the following is true about Jade Packer?

　　A. Her baby didn't come as expected.

　　B. She suffered from gestational diabetes.

　　C. She had a lot of pressure making a living.

　　D. Her baby doubles the average weight for the newborn in UK.

　　8. It is learned from the text that

　　________.

　　A. Jihad Yagi still has the crown of Germany's heaviest

　　baby

　　B. Jasleen becomes the second heaviest ever newborn in

　　Germany

　　C. a baby boy named Chun Chun in China comes second in

　　Guinness

　　D. the heaviest newborn recorded in Guinness comes from America

　　[文章大意]　本文记录了在英国、德国、中国出生时最重的孩子以及关于他们的一些报道。

　　5．B。词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及第二、三段中对婴儿的比较可知，女婴Jasleen比皇家宝宝George王子重得多，因此put in the shade意为“黯然失色”，B项正确。

　　6．B。细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的“He is thought to be the second largest baby born naturally in Britain，after 15 lb 8 oz Guy Carr”可知，George是英国历史上在出生时第二重的孩子，所以选B。

　　7．A。细节理解题。由第九段中的“After he arrived two weeks late”可知，Jade Packer的孩子晚于预产期出生，故选A项。

　　8．D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的“The heaviest birth listed by Guinness World Records belongs to a baby boy born in 1879 in Ohio”可知，吉尼斯世界纪录上记载的出生时最重的婴儿来自美国，所以选D。