2016届高考英语阅读写作复习课件：1 顺藤摸瓜法，巧解细节题（新人教版）

　　读写微技能 导练

　　既然是事实细节题，其答案必然在文中可以直接找到相关的信息点，有的是根据一个信息点即可选出答案，有的需要综合两个或多个信息点才可选出答案。

　　解答这类题可用“顺藤摸瓜”法：

　　题干中的关键词为“藤”，文中的答案信息为“瓜”。“顺藤摸瓜”法，就是根据题干中的关键词(“藤”)到文中去找相同或相似的关键词句(“藤”)，然后顺着这根“藤”找到答案信息(“瓜”)。一般来说“瓜”多在“藤”后面，若后面的信息不是“瓜”，我们就往“藤”前去摸。 顺藤摸瓜法巧解细节题 短文中的“瓜”与选项的“瓜” 一般不会完全相同，而是以同义或近义表达出现。

　　这种方法特别适用于英语基础薄弱的同学，哪怕在阅读文章上存在障碍，但只要根据题干中所透露出的关键信息回到原文去找相同或相似的表达即可。 What do we know about Tom? (“藤”) A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient. 经典例题 解析：选A。在题干当中确定并划出Tom为“藤”，通过寻读，在原文中找到Tom这根“藤”，顺着Tom这根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination，其中a cancer (癌症), several operations(几次手术), a lot of pain(许多痛苦)等告诉我们，Tom患的病很重，对照各选项，只有A正确。文中的“瓜”是具体描述，选项A这个“瓜”是对文中信息的概括。 请用以上方法解答以下试题。 1.

　　Which of the following does the writer describe as a rule of politeness at dinner parties? A. Avoiding discussion about politics and religion. B. Listening carefully to what another guest says. C. Arriving and leaving at the appropriate time. D. Giving attention to all those in attendance.

　　即学即用 D.

　　题干中rule of politeness为“藤”，通过寻读，在原文中找到这根“藤”broke an important rule of politeness，顺着这根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”I ignored everyone else and talked four hours to the botanist.此信息与选项中D的说法恰恰相反，结合前句中的broke，可知作者描述的礼貌规则是“关注所有参与的人”，D正确。

　　2. Why has Nat decided to limit the feeding machine’s operating time? A. He doesn’t want Toby to get too fat. B. He fears the machine will run out of food. C. He wants his friends to stop feeding Toby. D. He doesn’t want Toby to be woken up at night.

　　A.

　　题干中的limit the feeding time为“藤”，通过寻读，在原文中找到这个“藤”restrict feeding time，然后顺着这根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”to make sure he’s not putting on too much puppy fat，此信息与选项中A的说法相一致，即为答案。

　　3. What happened to the participants during the break? A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream. B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze. C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts. D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.

　　D.

　　题干中的break, participants为“藤”，通过寻读，在原文中找到这个 “藤” break…participants，然后顺着这根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”half were asked to sleep，此信息与选项中D的说法相一致，即为答案。 4. Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking’s and Dawking’s backgrounds? A. They were both from wealthy families. B. They studies the same subject in university. C. They graduated from the same secondary school. D. They both came from families that valued good education. D.

　　题干中的backgrounds为“藤”，通过寻读，在原文中找到这个“藤”，然后顺着这根“藤”往下就可以找到“瓜”with a commitment to academic excellence(致力于学业优异)，此信息与选项中D的说法相一致。