决胜高考 2016高考英语黄金30题：专题06 考前必做难题30题（教师版）
发布时间：2017-03-22 编辑：查字典英语网小编
1.【2015·湖北卷】B
What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.
Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.
“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”
Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”
In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”
55.The underlined word 損rerequisite?(Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to 揰_____? her
A. recipe
B. substitute
C. requirement
D. challenge
56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily.
B. They are easy to grow.
C. They can grow very tall
D. They can be eaten uncooked
57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?
A. It can preserve their best flavor
B. It can promote her online sales
C. It can better her cooking skills
D. It can improve their nutrition
58.What is the搕he bigger picture?(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?s
A. The knowledge about good food
B. The way to live a grow-our-own life
C. The joy of getting in touch with foods
D. The responsibility to protect our earth
【解析】
56.B细节理解题。根据第四段中“Start with herbs… Just a little of the herbs …”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。
57.A细节理解题。根据第五段中“there is a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. ‘I try to keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,’”可知将装入密封罐中保存
58.D词义猜测题。根据最后一段中尾句“that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will”可知the bigger picture指的是保护地球的责任。故选D项。
【考点定位】记叙文阅读
【名师点睛】人不离事,事不离人。写人的文章事情是重点记事的文章人物是关键。注意把握人物的情绪起伏,要进入“角色”客观做题。顺应当前社会生活潮流，介绍了园艺和食品保存大师Theresa Loe如何利用阳台、小院在喧嚣繁忙的大都市里过田园生活。
In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.
Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in
So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “the production, distribution, and use of products — as well as management of the resulting waste ?all result in greenhouse gas release.e” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start ?for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.s
In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?
Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television?
From the governments’ point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.
58.By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that _________ .
A. the weight of e-goods is rather small
B. E-waste deserves to be made good use of
C. natural minerals contain more precious metals
D. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste
59.The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _________ .
A. from producers to governments
B. from governments to producers
C. from individuals to distributors
D. from distributors to governments
60. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The increase in e-waste.
B. The creation of e-waste.
C. The seriousness of e-waste.
D. The management of e-waste.
【解析】
59.B细节理解题。文章第六、七、八三段围绕“生产者责任延伸”展开的，最后一段做了总结， 根据“a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers ”可知B项正确，是对该句的同义压缩。故选B项。
【考点定位】科普说明文阅读
【名师点睛】科普类文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，主要考查学生对语篇的整体把握和领悟能力以及对特定细节能力。选材时代气息浓厚，与经济、科技的发展和变化密切相关。3. 在进行推理判断时，考生一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。
3.【2015·北京卷】D
Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.
An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.
However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.
In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents - today’s grandparents - would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.
Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.
Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.
67. The surveys inform us of ______.
A. the development of technology
B. the changes of adult children’s behavior
C. the parents’ over-protection of their college children
D. the means and expenses of students’ communication
68. The writer believes that ______.
A. parents today are more protective than those in the past
B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages
C. technology explains greater parental involvement with their children
D. parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence
69. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Technology or Attitude
B. Dependence or Independence
C. Family Influence or Social Changes
D. College Management or Communication Advancement
70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
【解析】
68.C 观点态度题。第三段作者提出调查的结果并不能理解为现在的家长对孩子不放手，接下来的两段作者论述了出现这种结果的真正原因是科技的发展使得交流手段更丰富，成本更低廉。见第四段最后一句“Many studies show that older parents—today’s grandparents—would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier。最后一段更是再次强调了这种观点。故选C。
69.A主旨大意题。由第一段第二句话得出。这种科技的改变容易被误认为态度的改变。第2-5段讨论到底是科技还是态度的改变。第6段再次明确表示是科技的改变。故选A。
70.B 文章结构题。文章第一段是introduction，第二段是第一个论点，指出父母在子女生活中参与度提高的现象。第三段是第二个论点(关键词However)，指出通过调查并不能推断出父母未能对子女放手，分论点一是科技的进步导致父母对子女生活更多的参与，分论点二(关键词Furthermore)是子女经济不独立导致父母对子女生活的过多参与。最后一段总结。故选B。
【考点定位】议论文类阅读
【名师点睛】 要想读懂议论文、理解作者的写作意图，关键在于是否能够把握议论文的三要素。首先，论点是作者对所论述事件的基本看法和立场，找准论点有助于把握文章的整体方向和理解文章主题的深层内涵；理清论据材料的内容能够帮助读者更深层次地理解论点的含义；论据是作者组织、运用论据的手法。
4.【2015·江苏】D
Freedom and Responsibility
Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.
Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both
tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.
In Greece, in Athens (雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.
But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenian’ s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.
Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.
But, 搕he excellent becomes the permanentm”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity (能力) of mankind for self-government.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime.
65. What does the underlined word 搕yranniesd” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Countries where their people need help.
B. Powerful states with higher civilization.
C. Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.
D. Governments ruled with absolute power.
66.People believing in freedom are those who________ .
A. regard their life as their own business
B. seek gains as their primary object
C. behave within the laws and value systems
D. treat others with kindness and pity
67.What change in attitude took place in Athens?
A. The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.
B. The Athenians no longer took pride in the city.
C. The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.
D. The Athenians looked on the government as a business.
68.What does the sentence 揟here could be only one result.t” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Athens would continue to be free.
B. Athens would cease to have freedom.
C. Freedom would come from responsibility.
D. Freedom would stop Athens from self-dependence.
69.Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison?
A. The author is hopeful about freedom.
B. The author is cautious about self-government.
C. The author is skeptical of Greek civilization.
D. The author is proud of man’s capacity.
70. What is the author’s understanding of freedom?
A. Freedom can be more popular in the digital age.
B. Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.
C. Freedom should have priority over responsibility.
D. Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.
【解析】
67.A细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，雅典人后来态度发生了改变，因为他们开始认为政府应该为他们的劳动付费，给他们提供舒适的生活，而个人的自律和责任意识变得淡薄。故选A项。
68. B句意理解题。根据第五段第三句“If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free”可知唯一的结果就是雅典人不再享有自由。故选B项。
69.A细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world.”及“Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it.”可知作者并没有因此而失去信心，相反对自由充满了希望。故选A项。
【考点定位】历史文化类说明文阅读
【名师点睛】 英语阅读跨文化交际活动,除语言因素外,它还受到中西文化差异的影响。E
The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.
History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today’s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.
In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature,”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.
Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.
52. According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?
A. It introduces different cultural values.
B. It explains the history of artistic works.
C. It relates artistic values to local conditions.
D. It excites the human mind throughout the world.
53. In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____
.
A. great works of art can go beyond national boundaries
B. history gives art works special appeal to set them apart
C. popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts
D. great artists are skilled at combining various cultures
54. According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____
.
A .they are results of scientific study
B. they establish some general principles of art
C. they are created by the world’s greatest artists
D. they appeal to unchanging features of human nature
55. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?
A. Are Artistic Values Universal?
B. Are Popular Arts Permanent?
C. Is Human Nature Uniform?
D. Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?
【解析】
54.D 推断题。根据第三段第一句话提到可知Davide曾辩论到风格的原则上是没有变化的，所以一些艺术是可能会永生的，故选D项。
55.A 主题标题。本文主要从相对论的角度来说，艺术的价值只能反应当时的社会经济，但作者提出不同的观点，故选A项。
【考点定位】文化类阅读。
【名师点睛】文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。52.53.54这三道题分别属于第一段第二段和第三段这个递进的原则，所以定位段落就比较容易而最后一题属于主旨标题，把握整体，提取中心，所以这个阅读理解整体来说目标性比较强。
6.Analysis of the composition of quicksand shows that there are four key ingredients—sand, obviously water, clay and salt. Together these materials form a structure resembling a house of cards, with large water-filled gaps between the sand particles, which are loosely glued in place by the clay. As long as it’s left alone, the structure remains stable. But as soon as it’s disturbed, by stepping on it, the clay changes from a jelly-like consistency to a runny liquid. The effect is the same as stirring a pot of yoghurt. Liquefying(溶解)the clay makes the quicksand about one million times runnier, and the whole house of cards comes tumbling down, with you inside it.
Very quickly, the sand sinks to the bottom and the water floats to the top. This is where the salt comes in. When there’s enough salt present, as soon as the clay particles liquefy, electrical charges make them begin to stick together to form bigger particles and these also settle with the sand. Quicksand is a mixture which looks like solid, but behaves more like a liquid.
Despite its murderous reputation, quicksand does not such people under and swallow them, although it can hold a person in firm grip. The human body is more buoyant(有浮力) in quicksand than in water, and sooner or later anyone trapped in it will float.
Unlike most liquids, quicksand’s viscosity, or “runniness” can suddenly change if it comes under pressure, for example under a human foot. The surface gives way and the victim quickly sinks in up to the knees, surrounded by an area of dirty things that turns semi-solid around its victim. Escaping from the quicksand’s grip(紧握) requires a large amount of force. Without something solid to pull at, people often find they are stuck fast. Pulling at one leg simply makes the other one sink further.
So how do you escape from quicksand’s control? Stay still and call for help. Staying still stops you sinking any further, until--with luck--help arrives on the scene. If no one appears and you need to draw yourself out, gently lie down on your back until your body is floating on the sand. Next, roll over onto your stomach and pull yourself forwards with your hands, so that you gradually “swim” towards firmer ground. It is a slow and dirty business, but it works.
This technique has one barrier: it goes against a very powerful human nature. Faced with danger in the open, nine out of ten stay on their feet so that they can run away, in which case it can worsen the situation.
63. Which ingredient of the quicksand make someone trapped in it stuck and stuck fast?
A. Sand
B. Clay
C. Water
D. Salt
64. From the passage we can learn that ________
A. as long as you are strong enough, you can pull yourself up from quicksand on your own
B. clay glues sand particles loosely, which makes quicksand stable, unless it is disturbed
C. because anyone trapped in quicksand will float, there is little possibility of him dying
D. looking like solid ground, quicksand is actually liquid
65.If someone is trapped in quicksand, what should he do?
A. Remain calm and wave for help
B. Stand in quicksand and get ready to run away as quickly as possible
C. “Swimming” is one of the best choices he can use to escape
D. Once in quicksand, lie down on his stomach immediately and swim slowly to safety
66. What might be the best title of the passage?
A. A human killer--quicksand
B. How to escape from danger
C. An awful experience in quicksand
D. What to do if trapped in quicksand
【答案】
63.B
64.B
65.C
66.D
【解析】
64.B推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句As long as it’s left alone, the structure remains stable. But as soon as it’s disturbed, by stepping on it, the clay changes from a jelly-like consistency to a runny liquid.只要它被单独留下，结构保持稳定。但是它一被打扰，踩着它，粘土就变成了液体。故选B。
【名师点拨】
做阅读时要注意：
1.找到关键词。比如第63小题，推理判断题。根据第一段第二句which are loosely glued in place by the clay.由粘土把松散的地方粘在一起。故选B。glue（胶合，依附于）是关键词。
2.通过同义或近义的意思。比如第65小题，推理判断题。根据第三段第二句The human body is more buoyant(有浮力) in quicksand than in water, and sooner or later anyone trapped in it will float. 人的身体是在流沙中比在水中更有浮力，并且迟早被困在它里面的任何人都会漂浮。故选C。buoyant有漂浮力的；float漂浮。
考点：考查说明文阅读
7.The word tolerance is widely used in liberal democracies. It indicates a positive meaning. Politicians urge us to be tolerant towards minorities. Educators teach us to be tolerant towards the other. The press is full of references to the need to display tolerance when faced with individuals or groups espousing a different view or holding a different religious belief. A tolerant society is an objective sought after by anyone who believes in the values of democracy. A tolerant individual is attributed with virtuous qualities.
The question we must ask is whether we have been using the word tolerance fully aware of its meaning and whether we have applied it correctly to reflect what we really wish to convey?
The word tolerance means to bear, or to bear with. If I tolerate something or someone, I basically say that I am ready to bear it or him. I can tolerate a bad smell or a noisy neighbour. The act of toleration forces me to desist from conveying my objection to the existence of a phenomenon, which I find difficult to bear. A bad smell or a noisy neighbour is considered by me to be an objectionable phenomenon. By tolerating either of them, I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena. Let's be honest: I don't have a different taste when it comes to bad smells. I simply dislike it and wish that it disappears. I don't respect the noisy neighbour. I would rather have him stop at once the noise he is making so I can live in peace.
To try to remove the bad smell or take reasonable action in order for the noisy neighbour to stop bothering me would most probably not be considered an intolerant act by most people.
Now, let's try to apply the word tolerance in reference to a person who is law-abiding and holds a legally acceptable different view from my own. I may have a strong view, which is opposed to his. Quite frankly, I may decide to tolerate his view. By so doing, I would be attributing to it a negative characteristic. I would apply the same attitude to his view as to the bad smell or noisy neighbour. Thus, to try to take action in order to make his view disappear would be considered an intolerant act. To tolerate his view the way I would a bad smell or a noisy neighbour, could hardly be considered virtuous.
The subject tolerating is by nature not equal to the object being tolerated. If I tolerate you, I essentially say that I am above you and am prepared, although unwillingly, to bear with your presence or with your practices or opinions. That may be true in the case of an individual who is ready to tolerate the other. However, this attitude by such an individual, though empirically true, is hardly a virtue. Certainly, the fact that an individual, in reality, may merely tolerate the other or his opinion does not justify a government or any official authority promoting tolerance as a virtue. One cannot tolerate an equal being. True equality involves respect, not toleration. To respect the other as a distinctive person is hardly to tolerate him. This is the true meaning of equality: diversity existing in a mutually-respectful socio-legal setting.
The danger with tolerance is that it can lead to the acceptance of individuals or groups bent on destroying the foundations of democratic systems. We have seen such cases with regard to political parties or destructive religious groups that have been treated in a liberal manner under the guise of tolerance.
A tolerant attitude involves the grant of a favour, not a right. The question we should ask ourselves is whether we would ever wish a parliament to make laws according to us, as individuals and as part of a collective entity or a permission to pursue certain actions interpreted as a favour rather than a right? Indeed, would we ever wish anyone to listen to our views and accept us the way we are simply because he is kind enough to tolerate us?
67. The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to show that __________.
A. tolerance is a symbol of liberal democracies
B. democratic society always advocates tolerance
C. people’s understanding of tolerance is one-sided
D. tolerance can be applied to many situations
68. The example of a bad smell and a noisy neighbour is raised to indicate that _________.
A. the writer are fed up with them
B. most people find them hard to tolerate
C. the writer isn’t prejudiced against them
D. tolerating them isn’t a virtuous act
69. Which of the following will the writer probably agree with?
A. Too much tolerance will endanger the foundations of democratic systems.
B. By tolerating people can transform something negative into the opposite.
C. People tolerating others are likely to consider them as their equals.
D. Being tolerant should be regarded as a right instead of a favour
70. The best title for this passage should be “___________”.
A. Tolerance and respect
B. What is to be tolerated?
C. Is Tolerance a Virtue?
D. Should people be tolerant?
【答案】
67.C
68.D
69.A
70.C
【解析】
68.D推理判断题。根据第三段第五句By tolerating either of them, I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena.忍耐它们两者之一，我没有在改变坏的气味或者喧闹的邻居成为积极的现象。故选D。
【名师点睛】
抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心
要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。比如第70小题，主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句A tolerant individual is attributed with virtuous qualities. 一个宽容的人是因为有美德的品质；和倒数第三段中的However, this attitude by such an individual, though empirically true, is hardly a virtue. Certainly, the fact that an individual, in reality, may merely tolerate the other or his opinion does not justify a government or any official authority promoting tolerance as a virtue.然而，这种由这样的个体形成的态度，虽然经验真实，几乎不是一种美德。当然，事实上，忍受另一个人或他的观点的事实并不会把政府或任何官方权威机构的促进容忍当做一种美德。故选C。
考点：考查社会现象类阅读
8.I love seeing Europeans line up in airports to applaud arriving refugees. But humanitarianism (人道主义) will not guide policy for long. We liberals need to argue from Europe’s self-interest: our continent has the need, the space and the ability to accept people.
Many European countries are gradually turning into old people’s homes. Germany, Italy, Spain and others have some of the lowest birth rates in human history. It is predicted that about one-third of their populations will be aged over 65 in 2050. Germany needs to import at least 350,000 people a year to keep its workforce stable. Suddenly, young ambitious workers are pouring into the country as if called by a genie (精灵) with a lamp. No wonder Angela Merkel, German Chancellor, has been more welcoming than David Cameron, British Prime Minister. But all over Europe, carers for old people are already in need. Norway found oil under the seabed but it would have been better off if it had discovered 50,000 nurses there instead.
Many rightwingers think we have reached our limits. This feeling is widespread. And it’s true that Western Europe is one of the most densely populated regions on earth. Indeed, density has long been Europe’s unique selling point: with so many people of different nations closely packed together, we have always traded goods and exchanged ideas fast. That’s why the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries happened here.
But we have plenty more room. Many European cities aren’t dense enough. Now east Germany, north-western Spain and gorgeous mountain villages in Italy are losing people. Lots of cities have unused industrial land.
Humans inhabit a slice of the EU’s territory. Only about 2.5 per cent of the EU’s land is used for housing, estimates the European Commission. By contrast, a whopping 43 per cent was used for agriculture in 2009, it says. That’s too much. We could turn more land into forest or into green landscapes where people can relax and play. Making that transition is feasible because we now use agricultural land inefficiently.
Migrants often spend years locked up together in serious government-funded “migrant centers”. However, the way to learn a new country’s language, make friends and find work is to live with a local. This crisis has shown that lots of Europeans are willing to take refugees into their homes. After Iceland’s government said it could take only 50 Syrian refugees, many Icelanders came forward offering to take a far greater number into their own homes. People aren’t just sitting around waiting for government to do something.
We need migrants, and we can accommodate them. If opponents just don’t like foreigners, they should say so instead of pretending to be hardheaded pragmatists (实用主义者).
61. Why is Angela Merkel willing to take in refugees according to the passage?
A. Germany has already stepped into aged society.
B. Birth rates in Germany are the lowest in history.
C. She is kind and shows sympathy for homeless people.
D. Refugees can make up the shortage of labor in Germany.
62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. No other region is more densely populated than Western Europe.
B. Density has become Europe’s most outstanding characteristic.
C. All European cities are not crowded together in great numbers.
D. Large quantities of unused industrial land will turn into forest.
63. It can be inferred that _______.
A. nurses are more badly needed than petrol in Europe
B. liberals always do something for the Europe’s benefit
C. aging problem in Germany is the worst in Europe
D. Europeans have already made intelligent use of the land
64. What is the last paragraph but one mainly about?
A. Migrants can privately be accommodated.
B. Migrants had better not live in migrant centers.
C. Everyone can live with migrants to help them fit in.
D. Everyone has done their own part to help migrants.
【答案】
【解析】
It is predicted that about one-third of their populations will be aged over 65 in 2050. Germany needs to import at least 350,000 people a year to keep its workforce stable.预计2050年将有三分之一的人口超过65岁。德国每年需要进口至少35万的劳动力来保持工业的稳定性，故选C项。
64.A 考查主旨大意题。根据最后一段提到We need migrants, and we can accommodate them我们需要移民者，我们能够容纳他们，故选A项。
考点 ：社会现象类阅读
9.Mrs. Bertha Flowers was the aristocrat of Black Stamps. She had the grace of control to appear warm in the coldest weather, and on the Arkansas summer days it seemed she had a private breeze which swirled around, cooling her.
One summer afternoon, she stopped at the store to buy supplies. Another Negro woman of her health and age would have been expected to carry the paper sacks home in one hand, but Momma said, “Sister Flowers, I’ll send Bailey up to your house with these things.”
“Thank you, Mrs. Henderson. I’d prefer Marguerite, though.” My name sounded so beautiful when she said it. “I’ve been meaning to talk to her, anyway.” They gave each other age group looks.
There was a little path beside the rocky road, and Mrs. Flowers walked in front swinging her arms and picking her way over the stones.
Without turning her head, she spoke to me, “I hear you’re working very good school work, Marguerite, but that it’s all written. The teachers report that they have trouble getting you to talk in class.” We passed the triangular farm on our left and the path widened to allow us to walk together.
“Now no one is going to make you talk—possibly no one can. But bear in mind, language is man’s way of communicating with his fellow man and it is language alone which separates him from the lower animals.” That was a totally new idea to me, and I would need time to think about it.
“Your grandmother says you read a lot. Every chance you get. That’s good, but not good enough. Words mean more than what is set down on paper.”
She said she was going to give me some books and that I not only must read them, I must read them aloud. She suggested that I try to make a sentence sound in as many different ways as possible.
“I’ll accept no excuse if you return a book to me that has been badly handled.” My imagination boggled(退缩) at the punishment I would deserve if in fact I did abuse a book of Mrs. Flowers’.
The odors in the house surprised me. The sweet scent of vanilla(香草) had met us as she opened the door.
“Have a seat, Marguerite. You see, I had planned to invite you for cookies and lemonade so we could have this little chat.” She carried a plate covered with a tea towel.
As I ate she began the first of what we later called “My lesson in living.” She said that I must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. That some people, unable to go to school, were more educated and even more intelligent than college professors. She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit. That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations.
When I finished the cookies she brought a thick, small book from the bookcase. I had read A Tale of Two Cities and found it up to my standards as a romantic novel. She opened the first page and I heard poetry for the first time in my life.
“It was the best of times and worst of times...”
Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages? Her sounds began cascading(瀑布般落下) gently. I knew that she was nearing the end of her reading.
“How do you like that?”
It occurred to me that she expected a response. The sweet vanilla flavor was still on my tongue and her reading was a magic to my ears. I had to speak.
I said, “Yes, ma’am.” It was the least I could do, but it was the most also.
“There’s one more thing. Take this book of poems and memorize one for me. Next time you pay me a visit, I want to recite.”
I have often tried hard to search for the enchantment(着迷) I so easily found in those gifts. To be allowed, no, invited, into the private lives of strangers, to share their joys and fears, was a chance to exchange the Southern bitter wormwood(苦艾) for a cup of mead(蜂蜜酒) with Beowulf or a hot cup of tea and milk with Oliver Twist. When I said aloud, “It is a far, far better thing than anything I have ever done...” tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.
I was liked, and what a difference it made, I was respected not as Mr Henderson’s grandchild or Bailey’s sister but for just being Marguerite Johnson.
67. What does Mrs. Flowers mean by saying “Words mean more than what is set down on paper” (paragraph 7)?
A. Besides reading, Marguerite should talk more.
B. The content of books may have different meanings.
C. How one speaks adds extra meaning to words.
D. It is language that distinguishes humans from animals.
68. Marguerite’s opinion of A Tale of Two Cities before and after Mrs. Flowers’ reading can be described as _______.
A. poetic … musical
B. satisfactory … informative
C. romantic … dramatic
D. common … extraordinary
69. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A. Mrs. Flowers was born in a noble family.
B. The meeting between Mrs. Flowers and Marguerite was probably an intentional arrangement.
C. Marguerite hadn’t read poetry before her visit to Mrs. Flowers’ home.
D. Mrs. Flowers would recite new poems on Marguerite’s later visits.
70. Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Power of Language
B. A Lesson in Living
C. A Respectable Lady
D. My Initial Access to Charles Dickens
【答案】
67C
68.D
69.B
70.B
【解析】
68.D推理判断题。根据第13段中I had read A Tale of Two Cities and found it up to my standards as a romantic novel. She opened the first page and I heard poetry for the first time in my life.我已经读了A Tale of Two Cities，发现它作为一部浪漫小说达到了我的标准。她打开第一页。在我的生活中我第一次听到诗。故选D。
69.B推理判断题。根据第二、三段One summer afternoon, she stopped at the store to buy supplies. Another Negro woman of her health and age would have been expected to carry the paper sacks home in one hand, but Momma said, “Sister Flowers, I’ll send Bailey up to your house with these things.”一个夏天的下午，她停在商店买用品。 换了另外一个同她身体情况和年龄相当的黑人妇女就会一只手把纸袋拎回家去，但奶奶却说，“弗劳尔斯大姐，让贝利帮你把东西送回家去。”
“Thank you, Mrs. Henderson. I’d prefer Marguerite, though.” My name sounded so beautiful when she said it. “I’ve been meaning to talk to her, anyway.” They gave each other age group looks. “谢谢您，汉德森夫人。但我想让玛格丽特帮我送回去。” 她说我名字时，我的名字也变得动听起来。“反正我一直想跟她谈一谈。”她们互相对视了一下，其间的意思只有她们这些同龄人才明白。从这里可看出The meeting between Mrs. Flowers and Marguerite was probably an intentional arrangement. Mrs. Flowers and Marguerite两个之间的会面很可能是故意安排好的。故选B。
考点：考查教育类阅读
10.Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy but also a source of concern as their huge spinning blades (叶片) frequently kill birds and bats. A new type of wind generator developed in Spain offers a creative solution to that problem.
In 2002, Spanish inventor David Yanez saw a short film about the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the U.S., collapsing in strong wind. It was a vivid example of the powerful vibrations wind can create when it blows past a long pole, such as a car antenna or even a stick of bamboo. It gave him the idea for a new type of wind-energy generator.
“The initial philosophy or spirit was to create a generator of dreams that had all the qualities one would want: It should be as cheap as possible, need as little maintenance as possible, the setup as simple as possible,” he said.
Yanez and his friend Raoul Martin took the idea to an engineering firm, where they were told it would never work. Undiscouraged, they started experimenting on their own in a small wind tunnel they built.
Good initial results were repeated by a larger working model called Vortex (涡旋) installed in a nearby field. “What we have is a mast (桅杆), which is the top piece and acts as a blade,” Yanez said. “It’s constructed from the same material as a conventional generator, and what it does is it oscillates (振荡), transmitting the oscillation to a conventional alternator, which by its own oscillation converts the wind’s energy into electric energy.”
Yanez said the output of the 6-meter-tall generator, and even that of smaller models, was better than expected. The Vortex creates about 30 percent less energy than a comparable bladed wind turbine, but it is lighter and cheaper to build and maintain. It is made mostly of reinforced plastic and has very few moving parts. Also, it does not create noise and—even more important for many environmentalists—it does not present a threat to passing birds.
The current prototype works at wind speeds ranging from 1.5 to 7 meters per second. The inventors say the next step is building a 12.5-meter tall bladeless generator with a 4-kilowatt capacity that could power small businesses or individual homes, or provide supplemental power to a main grid. The commercial version of the Vortex Bladeless generator should be ready for the market by 2017.
62.The author mentions a short film about the Tacoma Narrows Bridge to show ________.
A. what the initial philosophy or spirit was
B. what inspired Yanez to create the generator
C. how the bridge was destroyed in strong wind
D. how wind creates powerful vibrations
63.What do we know from the passage?
A. The original idea was considered as practical in an engineering firm.
B. Yanez and Martin’s initial tests by themselves proved to be successful.
C. The material for constructing the mast is different from that of the past.
D. The new generator is better at creating energy than a comparable bladed one.
64. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Bladeless wind-power generator is friendly to birds.
B. Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy.
C. A new generator will come onto the market by 2017.
D. Yanez has made a generator for the benefit of people.
【答案】
62.B
63.B
64.A
【解析】
64.A主旨大意题。文章主要讲为了不伤害鸟类而发明的一种新型风力发电机。A项符合文意又能突出新型发电机的特点，故选A。
考点：考查社会科学类短文阅读
11.【】In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common,
36
normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important
37
relationship. In these cases, loneliness may
38
both from the loss of a specific person or from dropping
39
of social circles. The loss of a significant person in one's life will
40
lead to a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the
41
of others.
There are many different ways used to treat loneliness. The first step that most doctors
42
to patients is treatment. Short term treatment typically
43
over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During treatment, emphasis is put
44
understanding the cause of the problem, thoroughly changing the
45
thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel
46
. Some doctors also recommend group treatment a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system.
47
treatment is animal-assisted treatment. Studies and surveys indicate that the
48
of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can
49
feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers.
50
the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for
51
with other pet owners. Results of a study also suggest that
52
improper socialcognition (认知) offers the best chance of reducing loneliness.
53
, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the creative process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to remarkable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the
54
with poet Emily Dickinson, and many musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity,
55
, it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities.
36.
A. however
B. or
C. but
D. though
37.
A. short-term
B. long-term
C. abstract
D. concrete
38.
A. break
B. suffer
C. result
D. benefit
39.
A. turning out
B. dropping out
C. falling out
D. putting out
40.
A. occasionally
B. intentionally
C. typically
D. casually
41.
A. charge
B. company
C. face
D. absence
42.
A. commit
B. submit
C. recommend
D. resign
43.
A. hits
B. occurs
C. strikes
D. turns
44.
A. in
B. to
C. for
D. on
45.
A. negative
B. explicit
C. positive
D. original
46.
A. affected
B. touched
C. disconnected
D. connected
47.
A. One
B. Other
C. Another
D. The other
48.
A. presence
B. switch
C. control
D. management
49.
A. speed
B. save
C. ease
D. solve
50.
A. Beyond
B. Except
C. Without
D. With
51.
A. wrestling
B. training
C. popularizing
D. socializing
52.
A. calculating
B. correcting
C. assessing
D. transmitting
53.
A. However
B. But
C. Therefore
D. Though
54.
A. turn
B. case
C. way
D. return
55.
A. yet
B. still
C. just
D. rather
【答案】
36.
D
37.
B
38. C
39.
B
40.
C
41.
B
42. C
43. B
44.
D
45. A
46.
D
47.
C
48. A
49.
C
50. A
51.
D
52. B
53. A
54. B
55.
D
【解析】
37.
B考查形容词。A. short-term短期的；B. long-term长期的；C. abstract抽象的；D. concrete具体的。句意：任何重要的长期损失。故选B。
38. C考查动词。A. break打破；B. suffer遭受；C. result发生，产； D. benefit有利于。句意：在这些情况下，孤独可能来自他失去了一个特定的人或失去了社会各界。故选C。
39.
B考查动词短语。A. turning out结果是；B. dropping out 辍学；C. falling out ；D. putting out生产，伸出，出版，扑灭。句意：失去了社会各界。故选B。
40.
C考查副词。A. occasionally偶尔，间或；B. intentionally有意地，故意地；C. typically典型地，代表性地，通常；D. casually无意地，未经考虑地，漫不经心地。句意：在一生中一个重要人的失去通常将会导致悲伤反应。故选C。
41.
B考查名词。A. charge费用；B. company公司，陪伴；C. face脸；D. absence缺席。句意：一个人可能感到孤独，即使有人陪伴。故选B。
42. C考查动词。A. commit犯罪，做错事；B. submit使服从，使顺从；C. recommend推荐；D. resign辞职，放弃。句意：多数医生向病人推荐的第一步是治疗。故选C。
43. B考查动词。A. hits 击打；B. occurs发生，出现，闪现；C. strikes撞，攻击；D. turns使转动，旋转。句意：短期的治疗通常出现10到20周的时间。故选B。
44.
D考查介词。句意：重点被放在了解病情的起因。put emphasis on 重视，强调；把重点放在……。故选D。
45. A考查形容词。A. negative消极的；B. explicit明确的，清楚的，直言的；C. positive积极的；D. original初始的，原创的。句意：句意：彻底改变消极的思想。故选A。
49.
C考查动词。A. speed急行，加速；B. save挽救；C. ease 使舒适；D. solve解决。句意：研究和调查表明动物陪伴的出现能缓解孤独和沮丧感。故选C。
50. A考查介词。A. Beyond超出；B. Except除---之外；C. Without没有；D. With和---在一起。句意：超出陪伴，动物本身也可能提供和其他宠物主人社交的机会。故选A。
51.
D考查动词。A. wrestling与……搏斗；B. training训练； C. popularizing使受欢迎；D. socializing（与…）交往。句意：超出陪伴，动物本身也可能提供和其他宠物主人社交的机会。故选D。
52. B考查动词。A. calculating计算；B. correcting改正； C. assessing评定；D. transmitting传输，传送。句意：一个研究结果也表明改正不正确的认知会提供减少孤独的最好机会。故选B。
53. A考查连词。A. However然而；B. But 但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Though尽管。句意：然而，可能孤独在创造过程中起着重要作用。故选A。
54. B考查名词。A. turn翻转；B. case（实）例，事例，情况；C. way方法；D. return归来，返乡。句意：正如诗人Emily Dickinson的情况。故选B。
55.
D考查副词。A. yet但是，还；B. still仍然；C. just仅仅；D. rather稍微，有点，相当，颇，宁愿，相反地。句意：这并不是暗示孤独本身能确保这种创造力，相反地，它可能会影响艺术家的主题。故选D。
12.【苏北四市】One of the most significant actions of your life is that you support someone when you help him or her through a challenging time. However, the best
36
is that when you support others, you are also supporting yourself. When you
37
to give support to others, it is usually a
38
that you are also stopping giving support to yourself.
I was hooked on a story about Donna, which clearly showed the
39
of support.
Several months ago, Donna had just broken up with her boyfriend and had a difficult time accepting the
40
. She refused to be accompanied and stayed at home
41
, weeping all the time ,which certainly was not helping.
Early one morning, Donna received a phone call with some
42
news: her best friend’s brother had been
43
in an accident. Donna had known this friend, Mary, and her brother
44
her entire life, and the news was devastating. Donna
45
her sadness and got the
46
soon and drove to Mary’s house to be with her.
At the
47
and afterwards, she held Mary close while she cried
48
tears, sat by her side as the waves of grief
49
Mary, and slept next to her to make sure she did not wake up alone. During that time she hardly felt any
50
in her heart.
Several weeks later, when life began to return to normal, Donna
51
that the level of support she had given Mary far overtook any support she had
52
herself during her dark time. She was able to use the support she had given her friend as a
53
for the support she needed.
When you find yourself
54
to support others, see if there’s something within yourself that is not supporting.
55
, when you give complete support to others, it’ll mirror those places within you that require the same level of attention.
36. A. policy
B. part C. position
D. pattern
37. A. refuse
B. pretend C. start D. decide
38. A. sight
B. signature C. sign D. signal
39. A. example
B. power
C. function
D. definition
40. A. disaster
B. truth C. divorce
D. loss
41. A. quietly
B. worriedly
C. alone D. along
42. A. terrible
B. amazing
C. dangerous
D. surprising
43. A. claimed
B. killed
C. injured
D. caught
44. A. really
B. barely
C. exactly
D. nearly
45. A. removed
B. overcame C. recognized D. changed
46. A. door
B. gate C. car D. bus
47. A. pray
B. party
C. funeral D. break
48. A. endless
B. enough
C. permanent
D. consistent
49. A. ran over
B. turned over
C. washed over
D. looked over
50. A. sadness
B. horror C. panic
D. thrill
51. A. recalled
B. realized C. reminded D. remembered
52. A. presented
B. provided
C. favored D. offered
53. A. mirror
B. candle C. challenge D. gift
54. A. incredible
B. inadequate
C. unable D. unlikely
55. A. In short
B. In other words
C. On the whole
D. On the contrary
【答案】
36.
37. A
38. C
39. B
40. D
41. C
42. A
43. B
44. D
45. B
46. C
47. C
48. A
49. C
50. A
51. B
52. D
53. A
54. C
55. D
【解析】38. C考查名词辨析A. sight视力；B. signature签名；C. sign迹象；D. signal信号。句意：当你拒绝给别人支持时，也是你不再支持自己的一个信号，根据语境可知选C项。
39. B考查名词辨析A. example 例子；B. power 力量；C. function功能；D. definition定义；句意：我曾听到一个关于叫Donna的人的故事，就清楚表明支持的力量，根据语境可知选B项。
40. D考查名词辨析A. disaster灾难；B. truth真实；C. divorce离婚；D. loss损失；句意：数月之前，唐娜与男朋友分手，受到巨大的损失，根据句意可知选D项。
41. C考查副词辨析A. quietly 安静地；B. worriedly担心地；C. alone单独地；D. along 沿着；句意：她拒绝单独一个人呆在家里，这是没有用的。根据语境可知选C项。
42. A考查形容词辨析A. terrible可怕的；B. amazing令人吃惊的；C. dangerous危险的；D. surprising令人吃惊的；句意：一天早上，她收到一个可怕的电话，男朋友的哥哥在事故中丧生了。根据下方提到the news was devastating. 可知选A项。
43. B考查动词辨析A. claimed声称；B. killed杀死；C. injured受到；D. caught抓住；句意：一天早上，她收到一个可怕的电话，男朋友的哥哥在事故中丧生了，根据语境可知选B项。
44. D考查副词辨析A. really真的；B. barely仅仅；C. exactly确切地；D. nearly几乎；句意：唐娜知道玛丽这个朋友和她的哥哥几乎是她生活的全部。这个消息是毁灭性的。故选D项。
45. B考查动词辨析A. removed 去除；B. overcame克服，战胜；C. recognized认出；D. changed 改变；句意：唐娜战胜了悲伤，开车前往。根据语境可知选B项。
46. C考查名词辨析A. door门；B. gate门口；C. car车；D. bus公交车。句意：唐娜战胜了悲伤，开车前往。根据drove to Mary’s house to be with her.可知是开车，故选C项。
50. A考查名词辨析A. sadness悲伤；B. horror恐惧；C. panic惊慌；D. thrill兴奋；句意：在此期间，她感到内心的悲伤，根据语境可知选A项。(经查原卷扫描版的试题和答案的确都是如此。但是如何理解“During that time she hardly felt any sadness in her heart.”这句话呢？如果理解成“在此期间，她感到内心的悲伤”的话，显然是不对的，因为题中有“hardly”表示否定的副词。所以我以为答案应该是B“在此期间，玛丽几乎没有感到内心的恐惧”。)
51. B考查动词辨析A. recalled重新召唤；B. realized意识到；C. reminded提醒；D. remembered记得；句意：几周之后 ，生活恢复平静，唐娜意识到她给玛丽的支持也给了她度过困难时期的勇气，故选B项。
52. D考查动词辨析A. presented赠送；B. provided提供；C. favored喜欢；D. offered提供；句意：几周之后 ，生活恢复平静，唐娜意识到她给玛丽的支持也给了她度过困难时期的勇气，故选D项。
53. A考查名词辨析A. mirror镜子；B. candle蜡烛；C. challenge挑战；D. gift礼物；句意：她把从朋友那得来的支持作为支持自己的一面镜子，故选A项。
54. C考查形容词辨析A. incredible不可思议的；B. inadequate 不充足的；C. unable不能；D. unlikely不可能；句意：当你发现自己不能支持别人时，看到内心是否也不在支持自己，故选C项。
55. D考查介词短语辨析A. In short总之；B. In other words 换句话说；C. On the whole大体上；D. On the contrary相反；句意：相反，如果你全力支持他人时，也会折射出你内心深处需要同样的关注。
考点 ：人生百味类短文
13.【】The New York Times published an article recently that shows great regret for the "death of conversation"．It suggests that while technology such as cell phones, e-mails , and Internet posting makes us feel more
36
than ever, they’re also driving us
37_ from people around us．
Users get final connectivity
38
the price of
39
face-to-face conversation． Sherry Turkle, author of the article in The New York Times says people are
40
to a different way of being “alone together”．
Actually ,
41
text messages or writing micro-blogs allows us to
42
thoughts.
43
bits and pieces of online cannot
44
a “real conversation．” Lan Guo, 19, a freshman English major from Changsha University , said that she would like to hear people’s tone of voice and see their faces in a (n)
45
．“The give and take of ideas in a conversation sharpens our minds,” she said．She also mentions that
46
ourselves in mobile technology reduces our chance of starting conversations with strangers and
47
People．
Turkle mentioned the popular
48
of “I share, therefore I am” among this generation. Liu Xuan, a young writer from Taiwan and psychology graduate from Harvard University, thinks it’s a mindset adopted by most young people． They are so busy creating or polishing their online persona (网络人格)that they forget how to live a (n)
49
life． For example，They may
50
more about blogging about attending a party rather than enjoying being
51
．
However，experts remind us that it’s unfair to
52
mobile technology . Chen Chen, a sociology expert at China Youth &Children Research Center, points out that it is still owners of gadgets , such as cell phones and tablets , who’re avoiding personal
53
.We take advantage of these devices to hide ourselves
54
others ．Texting messages or calling may be a (n)
55
to avoid contact with others, such as having eye contact． “Only by strengthening conversation can we understand each other. Simply throwing away the mobile gadgets is not a solution．”she said．
36．A．received
B．shared
C．connected
D．respected
37．A．off
B．back
C．away
D．down
38．A．beyond
B．at
C．for
D．above
39．A．having
B．risking
C．sacrificing
D．sharing
40．A．related
B．committed
C．devoted
D．accustomed
41．A．sending
B．getting
C．reading
D．taking
42．A．change
B．exchange
C．deliver
D．raise
43．A．So
B．And
C．Or
D．But
44．A．indicate
B．replace
C．cover
D．involve
45．A．conversation
B．computer
C．party
D．Internet
46．A．abandoning
B．joining
C．burying
D．attaching
47．A．interviewing
B．introducing C．knowing
D．meeting
48．A．feeling
B．concept
C．fact
D．truth
49．A．colorful
B．interesting
C．real
D．meaningful
50．A．worry
B．care
C．ask
D．debate
51．A．there
B．out
C．down
D．in
52．A．complain
B．adore
C．worship
D．blame
53．A．information
B．space
C．contact
D．management
54．A．from
B．of
C．behind
D．under
55．A．approach
B．source
C．result
D．excuse
【答案】
36．C
37．C
38．B
39．C
40．D
41．A
42．B
43．D
44．B
45．A
46．C
47．D
48．B
49．C
50．B
51．A
52．D
53．C
54．A
55．D
【解析】
38．B考查固定词组。A．beyond超过；B．at在；C．for 为了；D．above在---上面。at the price of以...为代价.句意：让人们以牺牲面对面的交流为代价。故选B。 39．C考查动词辨析。A．having有；B．risking冒险；C．sacrificing牺牲；D．sharing分享。句意：让人们以牺牲面对面的交流为代价。故选C。 40．D考查固定词组。A．related涉及，有联系；B．committed犯罪，做错事；C．devoted 忠诚的D．accustomed使习惯于。be accustomed to sth/doing sth习惯于sth/做某事.句意：纽约时报说，人们已经习惯了单独在一起的不同方式。故选D。 41．A考查动词辨析。A．sending 发送；B．getting得到；C．reading读；D．taking拿走。
句意：指人们发送短信息写微博让我们交流思想。故选A。 42．B考查动词辨析。A．change 变化；B．exchange交换；C．deliver递送；D．raise提高。
句意：人们发送短信息写微博让我们交流思想。故选B。
43．D上下文串联。A．So所以；B．And和；C．Or 或者；D．But但是。句意：虽然短信和网络能让我们交流思想，但是它们并不能真正代替面对面的交流。故选D。 44．B考查动词辨析。A．indicate显示，表明；B．replace 代替；C．cover覆盖；D．involve涉及。句意：虽然短信和网络能让我们交流思想，但是它们并不能真正代替面对面的交流。故选B。 45．A考查名词辨析。A．conversation 对话；B．computer计算机；C．party聚会；
D．Internet网络。句意：在对话中听见对方的语调看见对方的脸。 46．C考查固定词组。A．abandoning放弃，遗弃 ；B．joining加入；C．burying掩埋；
D．attaching附上;，贴上。bury sb in...让某人专注于....句意：专注网络会让我们失去和陌生人交流以及遇见别人的机会。故选C。 47．D考查动词辨析。A．interviewing采访；B．introducing介绍；C．knowing 知道；D．meeting相遇， 相识。A采访B介绍C知道D遇见。专注网络会让我们失去和陌生人交流以及遇见别人的机会。 48．B考查名词辨析。A．feeling感觉；B．concept概念；C．fact事实；D．truth真相；
句意：Turkle提出一个很流行的新概念：我分享，我存在。故选B。 52．D考查动词。A．complain抱怨；B．adore崇拜， 爱慕；C．worship崇拜，尊崇；D．blame责备。句意：然而，专家说责备移动技术的不公平的，因为真正的原因在于我们自身，而不是这些现代化的技术。是我们自己不愿意与人进行面对面的交流。故选D。 53．C考查名词辨析。A．information信息；B．space空间；C．contact交流；D．management管理。句意：是手机的主人避免面对面的与人交流，与别人联系。故选C。 54．A 固定词组。A．from从---； B．of---的；C．behind 在---后面；D．under在---下面hide...fom...把…藏起来不让…发现。句意：我们利用这些设备来隐藏自己。故选A。 55．D考查名词辨析。A．approach方法；B．source 来源；C．result结果；D．excuse借口。句意：发短信或者打电话只是人们避免见面的借口而已。故选D。 【名师点拨】
1.文章讲述了现代生活中人们运用一些现代化的移动装置来代替面对面的交流，这样做让人们失去了很多面对面交流的机会。侧重通过上下文信息考查考生的综合运用英语的能力，渗透了智力水平和综合素质的要求，建议以后的学习中，注重语篇的学习，培养自己驾驭语篇的能力，培养自己根据语篇综合运用英语的能力。比如第41小题，考查动词辨析。A．sending 发送；B．getting得到；C．reading读；D．taking拿走。句意：指人们发送短信息写微博让我们交流思想。故选A。第42小题，考查动词辨析。A．change 变化；B．exchange交换；C．deliver递送；D．raise提高。句意：人们发送短信息写微博让我们交流思想。故选B。第43小题，小题上下文串联。A．So所以；B．And和；C．Or 或者；D．But但是。句意：虽然短信和网络能让我们交流思想，但是它们并不能真正代替面对面的交流。故选D。第44小题考查动词辨析。A．indicate显示，表明；B．replace 代替；C．cover覆盖；D．involve涉及。句意：虽然短信和网络能让我们交流思想，但是它们并不能真正代替面对面的交流。故选B。
2.重视固定搭配、固定短语和习惯用语。
比如第37小题，考查固定词组。A．off离开；B．back 回来；C．away远离；D．down向下。drive sb away from...使人们远离...,句意：但是他们却人人远离他们身边的人。故选C。第38小题，考查固定词组。A．beyond超过；B．at在；C．for 为了；D．above在---上面。at the price of以...为代价.句意：让人们以牺牲面对面的交流为代价。故选B。第46小题，考查固定词组。A．abandoning放弃，遗弃 ；B．joining加入；C．burying掩埋；
D．attaching附上;，贴上。bury sb in...让某人专注于....句意：专注网络会让我们失去和陌生人交流以及遇见别人的机会。故选C。第54小题， 固定词组。A．from从---；B．of---的；C．behind 在---后面；D．under在---下面hide...fom...把…藏起来不让…发现。句意：我们利用这些设备来隐藏自己。故选A。
考点：考查社会现象类阅读
Before I turned 29, my parents moved to Queensland, where I arrived for a visit six months later.
I
36
upon my mother with hugs, and for the first time in my life I said, “I love you, mom!” Then I gently
37
, expecting some kind of reciprocation. But it never came. Instead, she appeared
38
in horror.
When I was back at work, I overheard a workmate on a call to her mother and she concluded it with “I love you, Mum.” As
39
as that. Why wasn’t it like that in mine? Something had to be done about this
40
situation once and for all.
My
41
came the next Sunday during my weekly phone call to my mother. After we had shared our usual pleasantries and
42
, I took a deep breath and asked, “Do you love me, Mum?” After a short
43
, she replied, “I love you. Don’t be silly. You know we never said things like that in my family.”
“Well, I want it to be said in ours. From now on I want to
44
our conversations with ‘I love you.’”
In May 2000 my mother was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. She was
45
to hospital, and I phoned every day to
46
her. One evening when I rang, a nurse answered the phone and regretfully informed me that my mother’s condition had rapidly worsened. She wasn’t expected to
47
it through the night.
Knowing I couldn’t get a flight in time, I asked the nurse to put the phone next to my mother’s ear so I could talk to her. “She’s
48
conscious,” the nurse replied. “It’s unlikely she’ll hear you.” But I didn’t care. I wanted to do it
49
.
50
she’d placed the phone by my mother’s ear, I started
51
and telling Mum over and over again that I loved her. At first, all I could hear was “Hmmmm” — but then, like a miracle, with a deep
52
she said, “Love you … love you, darling.” It was the last thing she said before drifting into
53
.
Although I was overwhelmed by her death, the surprising part was how well I
54
. Of course, losing a parent is extremely painful and I shed many tears, but receiving those lovely last words made it much more
55
. I had closure in the best possible way.
36.A. fell
B. struck
C. relied
D. depended
37.A. pushed off
B. turned up
C. pulled away
D. looked on
38.A. deserted
B. frozen
C. guilty
D. clumsy
39.A. simple
B. sacred
C. apparent
D. original
40.A. stress
B. crisis
C. emergency
D. love
41.A. potential
B. opportunity
C. inspiration
D. choice
42.A. interests
B. secrets
C. expectations
D. updates
43.A. preparation
B. friction
C. hesitation
D. identification
44.A. end
B. start
C. continue
D. hold
45.A. permitted
B. admitted
C. allowed
D. sentenced
46.A. check on
B. attend to
C. call on
D. see to
47.A. take
B. face
C. make
D. cool
48.A. entirely
B. absolutely
C. slightly
D. barely
49.A. therefore
B. otherwise
C. anyway
D. somehow
50.A. Before
B. Once
C. Unless
D. Since
51.A. whispering
B. yelling
C. screaming
D. sobbing
52.A. sigh
B. conversation
C. thought
D. sleep
53.A. calmness
B. unconsciousness
C. hardness
D. sickness
54.A. prayed
B. clarified
C. coped
D. concluded
55.A. authentic
B. arbitrary
C. precise
D. bearable
【答案】
36.A
37.C
38.B
39.A
40.D
41.B
42.D
43.C
44.A
45.B
46.A
47.C
48.D
49.C
50.B
51.D
52.A
53.B
54.C
55.D
36.A考查动词。A. fell倒在；B. struck打击；C. relied依靠；D. depended依靠，依赖。此处指扑到身上拥抱37.C考查动词短语。A. pushed off 推迟，离开；B. turned up出现；C. pulled away离开，脱身；D. looked on观看，看待。句意：我慢慢地松开怀抱，期待着她的回应38.B考查形容词。A. deserted 荒芜的；B. frozen 凝固的；C. guilty内疚的； D. clumsy笨拙的。句意：相反的，她好像笼罩在恐惧之中。39.A考查形容词。A. simple简单的；B. sacred神圣的；C. apparent显然的；D. original最初的。句意：我回去上班时，无意中听到一位同事给她母亲打电话。她最后说：“我爱你。妈妈。”就那么简单随意。为什么我家不能这样呢？
43.C考查名词。A. preparation准备；B. friction摩擦；C. hesitation犹豫；D. identification鉴定。句意：一阵短暂的迟疑后，她道：“你知道我爱你的。别犯傻了。”此处指母亲在回答之前想了一下，故选C。
44.A考查动词。A. end结束；B. start开始；C. continue继续；D. hold拥有。句意：但我希望在我们家能听到这句话。从现在起，我希望我们聊天结束时能对彼此说我爱你45.B考查动词。A. permitted 允许；B. admitted准许；C. allowed允许；D. sentenced判决。admit sb. to hospital“接受入院，收治”与to搭配，此处是被动形式，故选B。句意：2000 年5 月，被诊断出患有胰腺癌。妈妈被送医院。46.A考查动词短语。A. check on 核实；B. attend to注意，照料；C. call on拜访，号召；D. see to注意，负责，照料。此处指我每天给母亲打电话询问病情。因为自己不在母亲身边，故选A。
47.C考查动词。make it是个习惯搭配，在此指病痛好转，此处是否定形式指病情加重。故选C。
句意：一天晚上，我打电话，电话是护士接的，电话中护士遗憾地告知我，母亲的病情急剧恶化。她可能熬不过那个晚上。48.D考查副词。A. entirely完全地；B. absolutely绝对地；C. slightly轻微地；D. barely几乎不。句意：她几乎没有了意识49.C考查副词。A. therefore因此；B. otherwise否则；C. anyway无论如何；D. somehow以某种方法。句意：但是我不管，无论如何我要做到。此处指让母亲听到我说话。故选C。
52.A考查名词。A. sigh 叹气；B. conversation交谈；C. thought思想； D. sleep睡眠。最初，我只能听到电话那头“嗯嗯”的声音，但后来，就像奇迹一般，她深深叹了口气说：“Love you … love you, darling.”53.B考查名词。A. calmness冷静；B. unconsciousness无意识；C. hardness困难；D. sickness疾病。这是她陷入昏迷前说的最后一句话。54.C考查动词。A. prayed祈祷；B. clarified阐明； C. coped处理；D. concluded下结论。句意：尽管由于母亲的去世我受到了打击，但让我吃惊的是我的处理方式十分恰当55.D考查形容词。A. authentic真正的；B. arbitrary任意的； C. precise 精确的；D. bearable可忍受的，支持得住的。此处指听到母亲最后那么亲切的话更能支撑我。故选D。
考点：考查故事类短文阅读
15.【苏州中学】Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces. Each of us must choose which we want to ___36___ our future and our expectations. We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or ___37___. It’s our decision: from which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in ___38___ or down in desperation?
I believe in the upward look. I choose to ___39___ the positive and skip right over the negative.
An optimistic attitude is not a luxury(奢侈品); it’s a(n) ___40___. The way you look at life will determine how you feel, how you perform, and how well you will get along with other people. ___41___, negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations ___42___ themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prophecy (预言). Pessimism creates a dark place where no one wants to live.
Years ago, I drove into a service station to get some gas. It was a beautiful day, and I was feeling great. As I walked into the station to pay for the gas, the attendant said to me, “How do you feel?” That seemed like a(n) ___43___ question, but I felt fine and told him so. “You don’t look well,” he replied. This ___44___ me completely by surprise. A little ___45___ confidently, I told him that I had ___46___ felt better. Without hesitation, he continued to tell me how bad I looked and that my skin appeared yellow.
By the time I left the service station, I was feeling a little ___47___. About a block away, I ___48___ over to the side of the road to look at my face in the mirror. How did I feel? Was I affected with jaundice(黄疸)? Was everything all right? By the time I got home, I was beginning to feel a little nauseous(恶心). Did I have a bad liver? Had I ___49___ some rare disease?
On another beautiful day, when I went into that gas station, feeling ___50___ again, I figured out what had happened. The place had recently been painted a bright, distasteful ___51___, and the light reflecting ___52___ the walls made everyone inside look as though they had hepatitis(肝炎)! I wondered how many other folks had ___53___ the way I did. I had let one short conversation with a total ___54___ change my attitude for an entire day. He told me I looked sick, and before long, I was actually feeling sick. That single ___55___ observation had a great effect on the way I felt and acted.
The only thing more powerful than negativism is a word of optimism and hope. When a whole culture adopts an upward look, incredible things can be accomplished.
36. A. shape
B. decide
C. preview
D.transform
37. A. forgive
B. curse
C. praise
D. regret
38. A. vain
B. anger
C. action
D. hope
39.A. highlight
B. analyze
C. evaluate
D.introduce
40. A. necessity
B. opportunity
C. quality
D. identity
41. A. Actually
B. Consequently
C. Similarly
D.Contrarily
42. A. rely on
B. feed on
C. go on
D.take on
43. A. familiar
B. ordinary
C. odd
D. easy
44. A. got
B. took
C. stopped
D. made
45. A. more
B. less
C. quite
D. too
46. A. never
B. ever
C. once
D. always
47. A. uneasy
B. unconcerned
C. unsatisfied
D.unaffected
48. A. got
B. came
C. took
D. pulled
49. A. come up
B. brought up
C. picked up
D. put up
50. A. fine
B. upset
C. sick
D. calm
51. A. gray
B. blue
C. yellow
D. red
52. A. in
B. over
C. off
D. through
53. A. quit
B. adapted
C. answered
D. reacted
54. A. liar
B. onlooker
C. attendant
D. stranger
55. A. positive
B. negative
C. careful
D. rigid
【答案】
36. A
37. B
38. D
39. A
40. A
41. D
42. B
43. C
44. B
45. B
46. A
47. A
48. D
49. C
50. A
51. C
52. C
53. D
54. D
55. B
【解析】
试题分析：乐观和悲观都是强大的力量，我们每个人都必须在这两者之间做出选择，从而给我们对未来的展望和预期染上或明或暗的色彩。文章通过作者亲身经历告诉读者：我们应该用什么样的眼光去看待生活——是昂首去寻找希望抑或垂头在绝望中逡巡。 36. A考查动词辨析：A. shape 塑造，B. decide决定，C. preview预习吗，D. transform改变，根据下文：We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or .可知从而给我们都必须选择来塑造对未来的展望和预期。选 A 40. A考查名词辨析：A. necessity必需品，B. opportunity机会，C. quality质量，D. identity 身份，乐观的态度不是一种奢侈品;它是我们生活的必需。和luxury对应的是necessity，选A 41. D考查副词辨析：A. Actually事实上，B. Consequently因此，C. Accordingly因此，有根据的，D. Contrarily反之，相反地，反对地，反过来，悲观的想法、态度和预期也会自食其果：这句话和上文是相反的关系，选D 42. B考查动词短语辨析：A. rely on依赖，B. feed on以…为主食，C. go on继续，D. take on承担，这里使用了词组：feed on oneself自食其果，选B 43. C考查形容词辨析：A. familiar熟悉的，B. ordinary普通的，C. odd .古怪的，奇数的，剩余的，零散的，D. easy容易的，根据下文：but I felt fine and told him so.可知这看起来象古怪的问题，选C 44. B考查动词辨析：A. got 得到，B. took拿，C. stopped停止，D. made制作，根据上文的:“You don’t look well,”可知作者大吃一惊，词组：take sb. by surprise让某人非常惊讶，选B 45. B考查形容词辨析：A. more更多，B. less更少，C. quite相当多的，D. too也，根据下文的句子:I told him that I had felt better.可知作者不怎么自信了，选B 46. A考查副词辨析：A. never从不，B. ever曾经，C. once一次，D. always总是，我告诉他我从没有感觉更好，这里用否定词和比较级连用，表示最高级，选A 47. A考查形容词辨析：A. uneasy不容易的，不轻松，B. unconcerned不关心的，C. unsatisfied不满意的，D. unaffected没有影响的，根据下文的：About a block away, I over to the side of the road to look at my face in the mirror.可知作者感觉很不轻松，选A 48. D考查动词辨析：A. got得到，B. came来，C. took拿，D. pulled拉，我将车停靠在路边，选D 49. C考查动词短语辨析：A. come up被提出，B. brought up养育，C. picked up 捡起，习得，恢复，接送，D. put up搭建，根据上文的：I was beginning to feel a little nauseous(恶心). Did I have a bad liver?可知作者怀疑自己得了罕见的疾病，选C 52. C考查介词辨析：A. in在…里面，B. over越过，C. off离开，D. through通过，光线从墙上反折过来使每个人都好像得了黄疸肝炎，选C 53. D考查动词辨析： A. quit放弃，B. adapted适应，C. answered回答，D. reacted反应，我想知道多少其他的人反应和我一样，选D 54. D考查名词辨析：A. liar 撒谎者，B. onlooker旁观者，C. attendant服务人员，D. stranger陌生人，根据上文和作者对话的服务员是完全的陌生人，选D 55. B考查形容词辨析：A. positive 积极的，B. negative消极的，C. careful 仔细的，D. rigid严格的，僵硬的，这一个负面的观察对我感觉和反应的方式都产生了变化。所以选B
16.My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard. 16 Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.
My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon. 17 She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.
18 Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us. 19 She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.
Often she says to us, “work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good advice this is! 20 This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.
A. She enjoys listening to classic music.
B. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.
C. She loves her students and cares for them.
D. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.
E. My mother is hard-working and never wastes money.
F. I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.
G. Can you tell us something about your mother?
【答案】
16B
17C
18E
19D
20F
【解析】
20F 根据前一句.What a piece of good advice this is!可知我认为妈妈这个建议非常好，所以我永远都记住。故F项“I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.”符合上下文。
考点：考查记叙文阅读
17.There is an old Spanish Proverb which states, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week”.
36___
I’d say, too many. Our dreams should not, and cannot wait. We have to go for them now! Here’s why.
1.
37_____
Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is – everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day, or the hour. Therefore, today is all we have. Don’t go to your grave with unfulfilled dreams. Make the decision to go after every dream, big or small right now.
2. The world is waiting on your gift
I know this may be hard to believe, but the world is waiting on YOU! Yes, YOU!
___ 38
Sure, other people may be able to sing. But they’ll never be able to sing exactly like you. Sure other people can write, but they’ll never be able to write from the same perspective in which you write. Don’t deprive（使丧失） the world of your gift. It’s the oxygen that we need to survive. Thus, it is your responsibility to figure out exactly what your gift is, and use to better your life and the lives of those around you.
3.
39_____
You can dream about writing the great American play that you want, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put pen to paper. You can dream about finding a cure for cancer, but it will never happen unless you actually go to school to become equipped with the necessary tools to find that cure.
40____
They require you to get your head out of the clouds, and actually do the work to make them happen. Get to it!
A. You can’t let fear win.
B. Tomorrow is not promised.
C. In other words, dreams don’t work unless you do.
D. Possibilities you never knew existed are waiting on you
E. How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow?
F. Unless you take the first step, your dreams will never come true.
G. You were born into the world with a unique gift, which nobody on this earth can copy.
【答案】
36E
37B
38G
39F
40C
【解析】
38. G 根据本段标题The world is waiting on your gift这个世界都在等待你的天赋。也就是说世界上的美国人都要发挥自己的天赋和才干。因为每个人的天赋和才干都是独一无二的。选项中只有G项“You were born into the world with a unique gift, which nobody on this earth can copy.”和该段的主题一致。
39. F 根据本段第一句You can dream about writing the great American play that you want, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put pen to paper.可知如果你不开始写作，你就不可能成为伟大的作家。也就是说要采取行动，你的梦想才会实现。
40. C 本段讲述的是我们要采取行动，梦想才会实现。前一句You can dream about finding a cure for cancer, but it will never happen unless you actually go to school to become equipped with the necessary tools to find that cure.你想找到癌症的治愈方法，但如果你不去学校学习有关的知识，这是不可能会发生的。还是在强调要采取行动才能实现目标。C项“In other words, dreams don’t work unless you do.如果你不去做，梦想是不会实现的。”符合本段的中心思想。
18.This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re
in the daydream zone.
【解析】
72.本段话峰一转说到了白日做梦其实有着很多的好处。选项前后依然是顺承关系，故选C。
【考点定位】生活类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本文是七选五常考的建议类说明文，第1、2自然段为概念的提出及导入，第3段明确了下文的内容：如何在“白日做梦”中趋利避害。文章结构清晰，干扰选项较易排除，整体难度不大，文章的主题“如何培养创新的想法”，除了理解整篇文章及选项外还要注意文章中的副词，代词，逻辑连接词以及特殊概念名词的出现。文章结构清晰，可读性强，提示词明显。因此，日常练习中要侧重以抓住文章结构及段落主旨为主，兼顾辨析选项，尤其是根据核心词排除干扰项的做题技巧。学生需要遵循先易后难的原则，来提高正确率。
19. Lots of people stress out about talking in front of the class or getting laughed at if they make a mistake in front of an audience.
36
The “stress hormones" that your body produces at times like these can actually help you focus.
But when worry and stress about performing get to be too much, these hormones give people that “red alert（紧急状态）”feeling-the one that causes you to feel cold or sweaty, or get butterflies in your stomach.
37
Be prepared.
38
Rehearse（排练）as much as you can and practice in front of others at every opportunity. Most of all, think positively. Tell yourself “I'll be OK" or “ I can do this" even if you are not 100% sure of it
Look after yourself. Before big performances it's easy to let taking care of yourself slip as you spend too much time on rehearsals and practice.
39 Exercise can also help you feel good, and along with sleep and nutrition, is an excellent way of keeping those stress hormones from getting out of control.
Find out what the experts do. You can find books, DVDs, and online information about how to give your best when you perform, depending on what type of performance you're preparing for.
40
Or ask the cast of your school play or your drama or music teacher how they beat stage fright. And if your parents or grandparents ever performed, they may have their own secrets to share.
A. Confidence helps beat stress hormones.
B. The following tips can help you avoid that feeling.
C. You're less likely to freeze up if you're well prepared.
D. You can do this whether you're performing alone or as part of a group.
E. Check out stories about Olympic gymnasts or your favorite star to get their tips.
F. Feeling nervous before a performance is part of your body's way of helping you do your best.
G.
You'll look and feel your best if you get enough sleep and eat healthy meals before your performance.
【答案】
36.F
37.B
38.C
39.G
40.E
【解析】
37.B考查上下文逻辑推理及语境理解。根据前文But when worry and stress about performing get to be too much, these hormones give people that “red alert（紧急状态）”feeling-the one that causes you to feel cold or sweaty, or get butterflies in your stomach.tips。故选B
38.C考查上下文逻辑推理及语境理解。根据的Be preparedBe prepared的原因。其中的prepared与C选项中的prepared一致。故选C。
39.G考查上下文逻辑推理及语境理解。Exercise can also help you feel good, and along with sleep and nutrition, is an excellent way of keeping those stress hormones from getting out of control.可知运动跟睡眠和营养一样可以让你感觉良好。那么上一句就应该说到睡眠和饮食。故选G。
40.E考查上下文逻辑推理及语境理解。Or ask the cast of your school play or your drama or music teacher how they beat stage fright. And if your parents or grandparents ever performed, they may have their own secrets to share.可知向周围的人借鉴经验可以调整心态。那么前一句也是关于借鉴经验的。故选E。
考点：考查逻辑推理及语境理解。
【名师点睛】
阅读填空是新课标英语高考的新题型。掌握这种题型的解题技巧和方法至关重要。下面结合本题介绍一下解题技巧。1）从意思上判断在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。 2）从词汇上锁定线索做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索特征词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。prepared。掌握这种方法解题是很凑效的。
20.
36
This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall.
37
He decided to turn his little school into a dormitory for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there.
38
This was the first hostel (招待所).
Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country.
39
Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period.
40
For this reason, a few weeks spent “hostelling” can be just as useful a part of one’s education as classes in school.
A. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby.
B. People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them.
C. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside.
D. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices.
E. In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation.
F. One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places
G. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays.
【答案】
36C
37E
38A
39D
40F
【解析】
根据前一句A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there可知房子太小了，要建设更大的房子了。故项内容符合上下文。 根据前句When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country可知年轻人必须要出示自己的card才可以享受这样的待遇。故项符合上下文。 根据下句For this reason, a few weeks spent ‘hostelling’ can be just as useful a part of one’s education as classes in school.可知这种形式对于学生的教育是有很重要的意义的，故项One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places”中恰好是我们可以从中学到的内容，故该项内容符合上下文。It’s the time of year when graduates are looking forward to putting constant exams behind and moving on to more exciting stage of their lives. But is the digital age, not everything is son easily left behind, because they have created a digital footprint that’s often not easy to cover up. However, there are various actions they can take to make that online presence more appealing.
36
Clean up your Facebook account
Clean up your Facebook page and get rid of anything that could be considered offensive or held against you. Remember, the test is no longer “Would you want grandma to see it?” but “ 37 ”
Use a professional looking photo
38
, so make sure that first impression is a good one. Again, what worked at school is unlikely to impress the employers. Also, be consistent and use the same photo on all your online platforms.
__39
While it’s important to make the transition(过渡) from school to the workplace, you don’t want to leave everything behind. Make a point of keeping in touch with your school friends, teachers, professors, sports coaches, or anyone who could be helpful to you as you establish a career.
Be yourself
Nobody can be more like you than you.
40
Turn your social networking pages into your own personal website, and start marking your own individual brand!
A. Grow your network
B. Search your memory
C. A picture is worth a thousand words
D. Whom would you want to see it?
E. Would you want a future employer to see it?
F. Make sure your online presence is representative of who you really are.
G. Here are a few suggestions that you might want to pass on.
【答案】
36G
37E
38C
39A
40F
【解析】
Remember, the test is no longer “Would you want grandma to see it?”要把自己在网络上的信息都清理掉，如果有不良的信息，看见这些信息的不是你奶奶，而是你的老板，那么就可能留下不好的印象。所以E项“Would you want a future employer to see it?”与上下文一致。
38. C 本段的标题是Use a professional looking photo使用一个看起来很职业的照片。这个照片的目的是让未来的老板看见，并留下很好的第一印象。一张照片可以说明很多问题。故C项“A picture is worth a thousand words”符合串联。
39. A 根据本段第一句，虽然你现在正处于人生的过渡期，但是也不要什么都扔掉了。再根据第二句Make a point of keeping in touch with your school friends, teachers, professors, sports coaches, or anyone who could be helpful to you as you establish a career.你还要和你的朋友、老师、教授等等人保持联系，因为这些人可能会帮助你在事业上取得成功。也就是说你要构建自己的人际关系网络。故A正确。
40. F 根据本段标题Be yourself说明本段主要讲述的是做你自己。选项中只有F项“Make sure your online presence is representative of who you really are.要确保网络上呈现的是真正的你。”与本段主题一致。
22.In the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number or directions, ___41____ can all be easily found on Google, but very often people ___42____ (actual) ask these things by telephoning. Your answer may ___43____ (reply) to with a thank-you e-mail.
This isn’t the first time that great changes ___44____ (take) place in our manners due to technology. In
___45____ late 1870s, when the telephone was invented, people didn’t know how ___46____ (greet) a caller. Often there is just silence. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say “Ahoy”, ___47____ finally “Hello” went out, the greeting is now used in everyday face-to-face communications.
Try to be ___48____ (respect) no matter who you communicate ___49____. Just keep it in mind that
___50____ (polite) never goes out of fashion.
【答案】
41.
which
42.
actually
43.
be replied
44.
have taken
45.
the
46.
to greet
47.
but
48.
respectful
49.
with
50.
politeness
【解析】
43.
be replied
考查语态。本句主语your answer与动词reply to回复，回答，构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态，故使用be replied。
44. have taken
考查时态。固定句式为：It/This is/was the序数词 time that从句，句意：是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面就使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面就是过去完成时。本句中前面使用了is，后句要使用have taken。
45. the
考查介词短语。短语in the 1870s在19世纪70年代，其中的定冠词the不能省略。
46. to greet
考查特殊结构。在英语中可以使用“特殊疑问词+to do”的结构在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或者定语。本句中how to greet a caller充当动词know的宾语。
49. with
考查固定搭配。短语communicate with...与...交流；句意：无论你和谁交流都要努力表示出尊敬。
50.
politeness 考查名词。本句中名词politeness在句中充当主语。句意：请记住礼貌永不过时。
23.Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway through his talk, the speaker stopped and decided
61
(create)a group activity. He went around the hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon
62
(use)a marker pen. Then all the balloons
63
(collect) and put in another room.
The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name
64
(write) on, within five minutes.Everyone was
6 5
(hurried) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could find
66
(them) own balloon.
Now each person was asked to randomly collect
67
balloon and give it to the person whose name was written on it. Within two minutes everyone
68
(have) their own balloon. When everyone quieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exactly what was happening in our
69
(live).Everyone is hurriedly looking for happiness, and not knowing where it is.
Our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness
70
you will get your own happiness.
【答案】
61.to create
62.using
63.were collected
64.written
65.hurriedly
66.their
67.a
68.had
69.life/lives
70.and
【解析】
64. written。考查have sth done 结构。
65. hurriedly。考查副词。空后是动词，应用副词做状语修饰动词searching。
66. their。考查代词。根据前文的their name和下文的own判断填形容词性物主代词their。
67. a。考查冠词。根据句意：每一个人被要求拿到一个气球。表示泛指，应用a。
68. had。考查时态。根据上下文是发生在过去的事情。故填had。
69. life/lives。根据空前的our判断该空应填名词形式。
70. and考查连词。根据句型：“祈使句+and+分句”判断填and。
考点：考查语法的正确使用。
24.People do have different ideas about what __61___(wear). While young people tend to consider more about fashion, personality and how they look when
62
(choose) clothes, elderly people pay
63
(great) attention to whether they appear right, they feel comfortable as well as whether the material is worth
64
price.
How people get dressed also changes over time. Take China
65
an example. In the 1960’s and 1970’s, there were practically only two or three colors people wore-blue, green and gray. The styles of the clothes
66
(be) also very dell. In the 1980’s young people would only wear
67
was in fashion.
68
(recent), we have come to understand that the way you dress
69
(you) is a reflection of your occupation, your background and your personality. So we see different people wear different clothes according to occasions, their likes and
70
(feel).
【答案】
61.
to wear
62. choosing
63. greater
64. the
65. as
66. were
67. what
68. Recently
69. yourself
70. feelings
【解析】
63.
greater
考查比较级。本句把老年人和年轻人进行比较，发现老年人更注意自己的穿着。所以使用比较级greater。
64. the
考查冠词。在高中英语中通常使用定冠词the表示特指，本句中的the price特指所穿的衣服的价格。
65.
as 考查固定搭配。短语take sth as an example以...为例；人们怎么穿衣服随着时间在变化。以中国为例...接下来就列举了中国人穿衣的习惯随着时间的改变而改变。
66.
were
考查时态。本句是在叙述60、70年代中，中国人穿衣的情况，所以使用一般过去时。
67. what
考查宾语从句。本句中what引导起宾语从句，并在句中作主语。句意：在80年代，年轻人只穿流行的衣服。
68. Recently
考查副词。本句中副词recently近来，在句中作时间状语，句子使用现在完成时。形容词recent通常做定语修饰名词，不能做状语。句意：近来，我们已经逐渐理解你给自己穿衣的方式是你的职业、背景和个性的反映。
69. yourself
考查反身代词。动词dress接宾语的时候，后面只能接表示人的名词做宾语。如dress sb给某人穿衣服；所以本句中使用yourself作为动词dress的宾语。近来，我们已经逐渐理解你给自己穿衣的方式是你的职业、背景和个性的反映。
70. feelings
考查名词。本句中likes和feelings一起作为介词短语according to的宾语。句意：所以我们看见根据场合、他们的喜好和感觉，人们穿不同的衣服。
25.Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill,
61
will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to
62
(take) immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or
63
(possible) erase(抹去) the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the U.S. and France. The drug stops the body
64
(release) chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far, the research
65
(suggest) that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that memories are wiped out. They are not sure to
66
degree people’s memories are affected.
The research has caused a great deal of
67
(argue). Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills which prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
68
, those who are
69
the research say that maybe the pills can change people’s memories and changing memories is very
70
(danger) because memories give us our identity.
【答案】61. which
62. be taken
63.
possibly
64.
releasing
65. has suggested
66. what
67.
argument
68.
However
69.
against
70.
dangerous
62. be taken
考查语态。本句的主语the pill与动词take之后构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。句意：在可怕的经历发生以后药片要立刻被服用。
63. possibly
考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。本句中分词possibly修饰动词短语ease the effect of painful memories.句意：他们希望这种要求也许减少或可能抹去痛苦的记忆的影响。
64.
releasing
考查固定搭配。动词短语stop sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止某人做某事，其中的介词from可以省略。句意：这种药物阻止时态释放让大脑记忆的物质。
65. has suggested 考查时态。本句的时间状语是so far“到目前为止”，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用。
66.
what
考查宾语从句。本句中宾语从句to what degree people’s memories are affected一起作为形容词sure的宾语，句中what放在名词degree前面引导这个宾语从句。句意：他们不确定人们的记忆被影响到何种程度。
69. against
考查介词。根据前后句意可知本句叙述的是否定这一药物的人的观点，所以使用介词against表示“反对”。
70. dangerous 考查形容词。因为记忆给了我们身份，正是因为我们有了记忆我们才知道自己是谁，现在这种药物改变了我们的记忆，那么对我们来说是很危险的。形容词dangerous与系动词is连用，构成系表结构。
考点：
26.A discussion about hiking had been held in our class. Some students think that hiking during vacations can make people feel healthier, fresher or more harmonious with the nature. They find themselves deep attracted by the beauty of nature. They can also be relaxing by walking in deep mountains. But nowadays some hikers even begin to explore the places people have ever been to, and accidents have happened now and then because a poor knowledge of hiking. Some hikers even lost their life. The other students in our class think it not safe to organize so dangerous activities. They make suggestions what laws should be passed and hikers should be trained before they attend the activities.
【答案】
1. had改为has
2. or改为and
3. 删除nature前面的the
4. deep改为deeply
5. relaxing改为relaxed
6. ever改为never
7. because后接of
8. life改为lives
9. so改为such
10. what改为 that
【解析】
4. deep改为deeply 考查副词。本句中使用副词deeply表示抽象的程度很深，而deep表示的具体的深度；句意：他们发现自己被自然的美景深深地影响了。
5. relaxing改为relaxed 考查形容词。过去分词转换的形容词relaxed通常修饰人或与人有关的事物，而relaxing通常修饰事物。句意：在深山中行走，他们感觉很放松。
6. ever改为never 考查上下文串联。句意：但是现在一些远足者甚至开始探索以前人们没有去过的地方。
7. because后接of 考查介词短语。连词because后面要接从句表示原因，而because of后面要接名词或者名词短语表示原因。本句中后面是名词短语a poor knowledge of hiking.，所以使用介词短语because of。
8. life改为lives 考查名词单复数。当名词life表示生命的时候，是一个可数名词；当life表示生活的时候，是一个不可数名词。本句中life表示生命，前面有their修饰，说明使用复数形式。句意：一些远足者甚至失去了生命。
9. so改为such 考查固定结构。可以使用such修饰有形容词修饰的名词，so的后面通常套接形容词或者副词。本文中such dangerous activities意为“如此危险的活动”。
10. what改为that 考查同位语从句。本句中that引导同位语从句，在句中不充当任何成分，而what属于名词性从句的连接代词，在名词性从句要充当主语、宾语或表语等成分，不能省略。
27.I always have a dream to be a fluency speaker. Therefore, I am too shy to say a word in public. What is just beyond my wildest imagination is fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream. One day, my English teacher asked me to go to her office and told us that I was given an opportunity to participate in an English speaking competition. Hear this, I could hardly hide my excitement. When making preparation for the competition, I write my speech heart and soul. After I finished the composition, I discussed it with my teacher and got many advice on how to improve it. Under the help of my English teacher, I made a great progress.
【答案】
1. fluency改为fluent
2. Therefore改为However
3. is后面加that
4. us改为me
5. Hear改为Hearing
6. preparation改为preparations
7. write改为wrote
8. many改为much
9. Under改为With
10. 删除a
【解析】
Dear Mandy，
I'm not doing well in my lessons
at school，especial in maths. My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university. He thinks I'm lazy，but it's not true. I work really hard，often study late into the night! I've tried to talk to my mother，but she always said I have to work as hard like my brother does. My brother doesn't study
very hard，and he always gets excellent grades. It's not fair!
The only thing I like it is art. My teacher says I'm the best student she's had for year. When I told my dad，all he said was，“ You mustn’ time in art. You must focus your mind on your lessons! ”
I'm feeling quite puzzling as to what to do now. Would you please help me out?
Thanks a lot!
Yours sincerely， Lisa
【答案】especial----especially
82.me后加tosaid --- says
85.like ---
as
86.and -- but
87.二段第一句it去掉year ----years
89.in---- on
90.puzzling----puzzled
【解析】
like ---
as
考察关系副词。as…as 像..一样。她说我不得不像我哥哥那么努力学习。
86.and -- but
考察连词。此处为转折关系，用but。哥哥不努力学习，但是他总是能得到好的成绩。
87.二段第一句it去掉year ----years
考察名词。for years不止一年。我是她这么多年来她见到的最好的学生。
89.in---- on
考察介词。waste some time on sth. 把时间浪费在美术上。
90.puzzling----puzzled
考察形容词。 人作主语时，用-ed结尾的形容词，物作主语时用-ing 结尾的形容词。
29.假设你是李华，你的朋友Kate想写一篇关于世界主要国家中学生课外阅读的小论文。她给你发了邮件询问有关情况，请你写一封英文邮件进行回复。
内容主要包括：
1. 你校同学课外阅读情况；
2. 分析这种状况的原因；
3. 你的观点。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文章的开头和结尾已经给出（不计入总词数）。
Dear Kate,
Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about the extracurricular reading in our school. __________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Kate,
Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about the extracurricular reading in our school. I’m sorry to say that the time and energy students devoted to reading are very limited. Besides, some students prefer to read cartoons, magazines and newspapers rather than classic reading materials.
I think there are various reasons. First, most of the students haven’t realized the importance of reading, especially extracurricular reading. Second, quite a lot of students are burdened with too much homework. Last but not the least, some still haven’t formed a habit of reading. They would rather spend spare time on TV or on the Internet.
However, reading has many benefits. Through reading we can learn more about the world. Reading can help us think better and make our life more colorful. So it is quite necessary for the students to take up reading and for the teachers to limit the amount of our homework so that we can have more time to read.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【名师点睛】
这篇范文非常好的完成了原文要求的任务。文章的谋篇布局非常好，三段式结构让文章很有层次。同时作者在分析原因时，归纳总结很到位。讲清楚了中国学生不喜欢阅读的主要原因，很接地气。在写作的手法上，重视连接词的运用，如第一段中first、second和last but not the least很好地把三个理由串联在一起。作者在文章中还使用了一些好的语法结构，如分词做定语the time and energy students devoted to reading；状语从句...... so that we can have more time to read.等。
30.请阅读下列文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
【写作内容】
用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
请根据以上图文信息简述污染的情况及其原因；
从可持续发展的角度提出你对治理城市污染的建议(不少于两点)。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。书面表达
【答案】pollution is becoming more and more serious.
Measures must be taken to balance city development and environmental protection. First of all, our government should make more strict laws to limit the use of private cars. What’s more, we are supposed to raise our awareness of environmental protection and push for the use of alternative energy, such as solar energy and wind energy. Only by applying sustainable development can we have a better world to live in.
【解析】【亮点说明】’s more而且；be supposed to do 应该；Various forms of pollution, including air pollution, noise pollution, and water pollution, have increased with the fast development of Chinese cities, which has caused many problems and concerns.这个句子中which引导非限制性定语从句；Only by applying sustainable development can we have a better world to live in这个句子运用到only+状语+部分倒装；
考点： 提纲类作文
We suffer from pollution. “I can’t bear the smog in this city any more. It’s getting worse and worse.” said Wang Tao，a senior citizen in Beijing.
“I’m often disturbed by loud noise during my work and sleep.” said a senior student from Shenzhen.
Many of China’s waterways are largely unfit for direct human use because of industrialization.
A 2015 report estimated that 1.6 million people in China die each year from heart, lung and stroke problems because of polluted air.
New technologies have promoted the development of urbanization and economy. While economic growth may continue, the rewards of this growth may be opposed by the harm from the pollution unless environmental protection is increased.
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