决胜高考 2016高考英语黄金30题：专题06 考前必做难题30题（学生版）

　　2016英语考前必做难题30题

　　1.【2015·湖北卷】B

　　What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can（装罐）and preserve much of the food they consume.

　　 Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that every has the ability to control what’s on their plate.

　　 Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “I got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs (香草) and foods for that fresh flavor,”she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.

　　“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that “anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony （阳台）? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” “Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.”

　　Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food. Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”

　　In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no will.”

　　55.The underlined word 損rerequisite?(Pare. 1) is closest in meaning to 揰_____? her

　　A. recipe

　　B. substitute

　　C. requirement

　　D. challenge

　　56.Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?

　　A. They are used daily.

　　B. They are easy to grow.

　　C. They can grow very tall

　　D. They can be eaten uncooked

　　57.According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?

　　A. It can preserve their best flavor

　　B. It can promote her online sales

　　C. It can better her cooking skills

　　D. It can improve their nutrition

　　58.What is the搕he bigger picture?(Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?s

　　A. The knowledge about good food

　　B. The way to live a grow-our-own life

　　C. The joy of getting in touch with foods 

　　D. The responsibility to protect our earth

　　2.【2015·江苏】B

　　In the United States alone, over 100 million cell-phones are thrown away each year. Cell-phones are part of a growing mountain of electronic waste like computers and personal digital assistants. The electronic waste stream is increasing three times faster than traditional garbage as a whole.

　　Electronic devices contain valuable metals such as gold and silver. A Swiss study reported that while the weight of electronic goods represented by precious metals was relatively small in comparison to total waste, the concentration (含量) of gold and other precious metals was higher in

　　So-called e-waste than in naturally occurring minerals.

　　Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals. Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.

　　Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material, up to 100 times more, than the material contained in the finished products. Consider again the cell-phone, and imagine the mines that produced those metals, the factories needed to make the box and packaging(包装) it came in. Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.

　　The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that 搕he production, distribution, and use of products ?as well as management of the resulting waste ?all result in greenhouse gas release.hic” Individuals can reduce their contribution by creating less waste at the start ?for instance, buying reusable products and recycling.

　　In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put in place as an incentive (动机) for reducing waste. If producers are required to take back packaging they use to sell their products, would they reduce the packaging in the first place?

　　Governments’ incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money. Why, they ask, should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television?

　　From the governments’ point of view, a primary goal of laws requiring extended producer responsibility is to transfer both the costs and the physical responsibility of waste management from the government and tax-payers back to the producers.

　　58.By mentioning the Swiss study, the author intends to tell us that _________ .

　　A. the weight of e-goods is rather small

　　B. E-waste deserves to be made good use of

　　C. natural minerals contain more precious metals

　　D. the percentage of precious metals is heavy in e-waste

　　59.The responsibility of e-waste treatment should be extended _________ .

　　A. from producers to governments

　　B. from governments to producers

　　C. from individuals to distributors

　　D. from distributors to governments

　　60. What does the passage mainly talk about?

　　A. The increase in e-waste.

　　B. The creation of e-waste.

　　C. The seriousness of e-waste.

　　D. The management of e-waste.

　　3.【2015·北京卷】D

　　Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better. However, social changes are brought about by new technology are often mistaken for a change in attitudes.

　　An example at hand is the involvement of parents in the lives of their children who are attending college. Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat” overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories. The same surveys also indicate that the rate of parental involvement is greater today than it was a generation ago. This is usually interpreted as a sign that today’s parents are trying to manage their children’s lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.

　　However, greater parental involvement does not necessarily indicate that parents are failing to let go of their “adult” children.

　　In the context (背景) of this discussion, it seems valuable to first find out the cause of change in the case of parents’ involvement with their grown children. If parents of earlier generations had wanted to be in touch with their college-age children frequently, would this have been possible? Probably not. On the other hand, does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago? Many studies show that older parents - today’s grandparents - would have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been a barrier.

　　Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children. The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home. This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.

　　Thanks to the advanced technology, we live in an age of bettered communication. This has many implications well beyond the role that parents seem to play in the lives of their children who have left for college. But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.

　　67. The surveys inform us of ______.

　　A. the development of technology

　　B. the changes of adult children’s behavior

　　C. the parents’ over-protection of their college children

　　D. the means and expenses of students’ communication

　　68. The writer believes that ______.

　　A. parents today are more protective than those in the past

　　B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages

　　C. technology explains greater parental involvement with their children

　　D. parents’ changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence

　　69. What is the best title for the passage?

　　A. Technology or Attitude

　　B. Dependence or Independence

　　C. Family Influence or Social Changes

　　D. College Management or Communication Advancement

　　70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?

　　4.【2015·江苏】D

　　Freedom and Responsibility

　　Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.

　　Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both

　　tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.

　　In Greece, in Athens (雅典), a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert.The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.

　　But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenian’ s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. What the people wanted was a government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibility were neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.

　　Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.

　　But, 搕he excellent becomes the permanentm”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to: “The capacity (能力) of mankind for self-government.” No doubt he had not an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime.

　　65. What does the underlined word 搕yranniesd” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A. Countries where their people need help.

　　B. Powerful states with higher civilization.

　　C. Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.

　　D. Governments ruled with absolute power.

　　66.People believing in freedom are those who________ .

　　A. regard their life as their own business

　　B. seek gains as their primary object

　　C. behave within the laws and value systems

　　D. treat others with kindness and pity

　　67.What change in attitude took place in Athens?

　　A. The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.

　　B. The Athenians no longer took pride in the city.

　　C. The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.

　　D. The Athenians looked on the government as a business.

　　68.What does the sentence 揟here could be only one result.t” in Paragraph 5 mean?

　　A. Athens would continue to be free.

　　B. Athens would cease to have freedom.

　　C. Freedom would come from responsibility.

　　D. Freedom would stop Athens from self-dependence.

　　69.Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison?

　　A. The author is hopeful about freedom.

　　B. The author is cautious about self-government.

　　C. The author is skeptical of Greek civilization.

　　D. The author is proud of man’s capacity.

　　70. What is the author’s understanding of freedom?

　　A. Freedom can be more popular in the digital age.

　　B. Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.

　　C. Freedom should have priority over responsibility.

　　D. Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.

　　5.【2015·重庆】E

　　The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism(相对主义), are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.

　　History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries, Unique works of this kind are different from today’s popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.

　　In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because“the general principles of taste are uniform(不变的) in human nature,”the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.

　　Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.

　　52. According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?

　　A. It introduces different cultural values.

　　B. It explains the history of artistic works.

　　C. It relates artistic values to local conditions.

　　D. It excites the human mind throughout the world.

　　53. In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _____

　　.

　　A. great works of art can go beyond national boundaries

　　B. history gives art works special appeal to set them apart

　　C. popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great arts

　　D. great artists are skilled at combining various cultures

　　54. According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because_____

　　.

　　A .they are results of scientific study

　　B. they establish some general principles of art

　　C. they are created by the world’s greatest artists

　　D. they appeal to unchanging features of human nature

　　55. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

　　A. Are Artistic Values Universal?

　　B. Are Popular Arts Permanent?

　　C. Is Human Nature Uniform?

　　D. Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?

　　6.Analysis of the composition of quicksand shows that there are four key ingredients—sand, obviously water, clay and salt. Together these materials form a structure resembling a house of cards, with large water-filled gaps between the sand particles, which are loosely glued in place by the clay. As long as it’s left alone, the structure remains stable. But as soon as it’s disturbed, by stepping on it, the clay changes from a jelly-like consistency to a runny liquid. The effect is the same as stirring a pot of yoghurt. Liquefying(溶解)the clay makes the quicksand about one million times runnier, and the whole house of cards comes tumbling down, with you inside it.

　　Very quickly, the sand sinks to the bottom and the water floats to the top. This is where the salt comes in. When there’s enough salt present, as soon as the clay particles liquefy, electrical charges make them begin to stick together to form bigger particles and these also settle with the sand. Quicksand is a mixture which looks like solid, but behaves more like a liquid.

　　Despite its murderous reputation, quicksand does not such people under and swallow them, although it can hold a person in firm grip. The human body is more buoyant(有浮力) in quicksand than in water, and sooner or later anyone trapped in it will float.

　　Unlike most liquids, quicksand’s viscosity, or “runniness” can suddenly change if it comes under pressure, for example under a human foot. The surface gives way and the victim quickly sinks in up to the knees, surrounded by an area of dirty things that turns semi-solid around its victim. Escaping from the quicksand’s grip(紧握) requires a large amount of force. Without something solid to pull at, people often find they are stuck fast. Pulling at one leg simply makes the other one sink further.

　　So how do you escape from quicksand’s control? Stay still and call for help. Staying still stops you sinking any further, until--with luck--help arrives on the scene. If no one appears and you need to draw yourself out, gently lie down on your back until your body is floating on the sand. Next, roll over onto your stomach and pull yourself forwards with your hands, so that you gradually “swim” towards firmer ground. It is a slow and dirty business, but it works.

　　This technique has one barrier: it goes against a very powerful human nature. Faced with danger in the open, nine out of ten stay on their feet so that they can run away, in which case it can worsen the situation.

　　63. Which ingredient of the quicksand make someone trapped in it stuck and stuck fast?

　　A. Sand

　　B. Clay

　　C. Water

　　D. Salt

　　64. From the passage we can learn that ________

　　A. as long as you are strong enough, you can pull yourself up from quicksand on your own

　　B. clay glues sand particles loosely, which makes quicksand stable, unless it is disturbed

　　C. because anyone trapped in quicksand will float, there is little possibility of him dying

　　D. looking like solid ground, quicksand is actually liquid

　　65.If someone is trapped in quicksand, what should he do?

　　A. Remain calm and wave for help

　　B. Stand in quicksand and get ready to run away as quickly as possible

　　C. “Swimming” is one of the best choices he can use to escape

　　D. Once in quicksand, lie down on his stomach immediately and swim slowly to safety

　　66. What might be the best title of the passage?

　　A. A human killer--quicksand

　　B. How to escape from danger

　　C. An awful experience in quicksand

　　D. What to do if trapped in quicksand

　　7.The word tolerance is widely used in liberal democracies. It indicates a positive meaning. Politicians urge us to be tolerant towards minorities. Educators teach us to be tolerant towards the other. The press is full of references to the need to display tolerance when faced with individuals or groups espousing a different view or holding a different religious belief. A tolerant society is an objective sought after by anyone who believes in the values of democracy. A tolerant individual is attributed with virtuous qualities.

　　The question we must ask is whether we have been using the word tolerance fully aware of its meaning and whether we have applied it correctly to reflect what we really wish to convey?

　　The word tolerance means to bear, or to bear with. If I tolerate something or someone, I basically say that I am ready to bear it or him. I can tolerate a bad smell or a noisy neighbour. The act of toleration forces me to desist from conveying my objection to the existence of a phenomenon, which I find difficult to bear. A bad smell or a noisy neighbour is considered by me to be an objectionable phenomenon. By tolerating either of them, I am not transforming the bad smell or the noisy neighbour into positive phenomena. Let's be honest: I don't have a different taste when it comes to bad smells. I simply dislike it and wish that it disappears. I don't respect the noisy neighbour. I would rather have him stop at once the noise he is making so I can live in peace. 

　　To try to remove the bad smell or take reasonable action in order for the noisy neighbour to stop bothering me would most probably not be considered an intolerant act by most people.

　　Now, let's try to apply the word tolerance in reference to a person who is law-abiding and holds a legally acceptable different view from my own. I may have a strong view, which is opposed to his. Quite frankly, I may decide to tolerate his view. By so doing, I would be attributing to it a negative characteristic. I would apply the same attitude to his view as to the bad smell or noisy neighbour. Thus, to try to take action in order to make his view disappear would be considered an intolerant act. To tolerate his view the way I would a bad smell or a noisy neighbour, could hardly be considered virtuous.

　　The subject tolerating is by nature not equal to the object being tolerated. If I tolerate you, I essentially say that I am above you and am prepared, although unwillingly, to bear with your presence or with your practices or opinions. That may be true in the case of an individual who is ready to tolerate the other. However, this attitude by such an individual, though empirically true, is hardly a virtue. Certainly, the fact that an individual, in reality, may merely tolerate the other or his opinion does not justify a government or any official authority promoting tolerance as a virtue. One cannot tolerate an equal being. True equality involves respect, not toleration. To respect the other as a distinctive person is hardly to tolerate him. This is the true meaning of equality: diversity existing in a mutually-respectful socio-legal setting. 

　　The danger with tolerance is that it can lead to the acceptance of individuals or groups bent on destroying the foundations of democratic systems. We have seen such cases with regard to political parties or destructive religious groups that have been treated in a liberal manner under the guise of tolerance. 

　　A tolerant attitude involves the grant of a favour, not a right. The question we should ask ourselves is whether we would ever wish a parliament to make laws according to us, as individuals and as part of a collective entity or a permission to pursue certain actions interpreted as a favour rather than a right? Indeed, would we ever wish anyone to listen to our views and accept us the way we are simply because he is kind enough to tolerate us?

　　67. The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to show that __________.

　　A. tolerance is a symbol of liberal democracies

　　B. democratic society always advocates tolerance

　　C. people’s understanding of tolerance is one-sided

　　D. tolerance can be applied to many situations

　　68. The example of a bad smell and a noisy neighbour is raised to indicate that _________.

　　 A. the writer are fed up with them 

　　 B. most people find them hard to tolerate 

　　C. the writer isn’t prejudiced against them 

　　D. tolerating them isn’t a virtuous act

　　69. Which of the following will the writer probably agree with?

　　A. Too much tolerance will endanger the foundations of democratic systems.

　　 B. By tolerating people can transform something negative into the opposite.

　　 C. People tolerating others are likely to consider them as their equals.

　　D. Being tolerant should be regarded as a right instead of a favour

　　70. The best title for this passage should be “___________”.

　　A. Tolerance and respect 

　　B. What is to be tolerated?

　　C. Is Tolerance a Virtue? 

　　D. Should people be tolerant?

　　8.I love seeing Europeans line up in airports to applaud arriving refugees. But humanitarianism (人道主义) will not guide policy for long. We liberals need to argue from Europe’s self-interest: our continent has the need, the space and the ability to accept people.

　　Many European countries are gradually turning into old people’s homes. Germany, Italy, Spain and others have some of the lowest birth rates in human history. It is predicted that about one-third of their populations will be aged over 65 in 2050. Germany needs to import at least 350,000 people a year to keep its workforce stable. Suddenly, young ambitious workers are pouring into the country as if called by a genie (精灵) with a lamp. No wonder Angela Merkel, German Chancellor, has been more welcoming than David Cameron, British Prime Minister. But all over Europe, carers for old people are already in need. Norway found oil under the seabed but it would have been better off if it had discovered 50,000 nurses there instead.

　　Many rightwingers think we have reached our limits. This feeling is widespread. And it’s true that Western Europe is one of the most densely populated regions on earth. Indeed, density has long been Europe’s unique selling point: with so many people of different nations closely packed together, we have always traded goods and exchanged ideas fast. That’s why the scientific revolution of the 16th and 17th centuries happened here.

　　But we have plenty more room. Many European cities aren’t dense enough. Now east Germany, north-western Spain and gorgeous mountain villages in Italy are losing people. Lots of cities have unused industrial land.

　　Humans inhabit a slice of the EU’s territory. Only about 2.5 per cent of the EU’s land is used for housing, estimates the European Commission. By contrast, a whopping 43 per cent was used for agriculture in 2009, it says. That’s too much. We could turn more land into forest or into green landscapes where people can relax and play. Making that transition is feasible because we now use agricultural land inefficiently.

　　Migrants often spend years locked up together in serious government-funded “migrant centers”. However, the way to learn a new country’s language, make friends and find work is to live with a local. This crisis has shown that lots of Europeans are willing to take refugees into their homes. After Iceland’s government said it could take only 50 Syrian refugees, many Icelanders came forward offering to take a far greater number into their own homes. People aren’t just sitting around waiting for government to do something.

　　We need migrants, and we can accommodate them. If opponents just don’t like foreigners, they should say so instead of pretending to be hardheaded pragmatists (实用主义者).

　　61. Why is Angela Merkel willing to take in refugees according to the passage?

　　A. Germany has already stepped into aged society.

　　B. Birth rates in Germany are the lowest in history.

　　C. She is kind and shows sympathy for homeless people.

　　D. Refugees can make up the shortage of labor in Germany.

　　62. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. No other region is more densely populated than Western Europe.

　　B. Density has become Europe’s most outstanding characteristic.

　　C. All European cities are not crowded together in great numbers.

　　D. Large quantities of unused industrial land will turn into forest.

　　63. It can be inferred that _______.

　　A. nurses are more badly needed than petrol in Europe

　　B. liberals always do something for the Europe’s benefit

　　C. aging problem in Germany is the worst in Europe

　　D. Europeans have already made intelligent use of the land

　　64. What is the last paragraph but one mainly about?

　　A. Migrants can privately be accommodated.

　　B. Migrants had better not live in migrant centers.

　　C. Everyone can live with migrants to help them fit in.

　　D. Everyone has done their own part to help migrants.

　　9.Mrs. Bertha Flowers was the aristocrat of Black Stamps. She had the grace of control to appear warm in the coldest weather, and on the Arkansas summer days it seemed she had a private breeze which swirled around, cooling her.

　　One summer afternoon, she stopped at the store to buy supplies. Another Negro woman of her health and age would have been expected to carry the paper sacks home in one hand, but Momma said, “Sister Flowers, I’ll send Bailey up to your house with these things.”

　　“Thank you, Mrs. Henderson. I’d prefer Marguerite, though.” My name sounded so beautiful when she said it. “I’ve been meaning to talk to her, anyway.” They gave each other age group looks.

　　There was a little path beside the rocky road, and Mrs. Flowers walked in front swinging her arms and picking her way over the stones.

　　Without turning her head, she spoke to me, “I hear you’re working very good school work, Marguerite, but that it’s all written. The teachers report that they have trouble getting you to talk in class.” We passed the triangular farm on our left and the path widened to allow us to walk together.

　　“Now no one is going to make you talk—possibly no one can. But bear in mind, language is man’s way of communicating with his fellow man and it is language alone which separates him from the lower animals.” That was a totally new idea to me, and I would need time to think about it.

　　“Your grandmother says you read a lot. Every chance you get. That’s good, but not good enough. Words mean more than what is set down on paper.”

　　She said she was going to give me some books and that I not only must read them, I must read them aloud. She suggested that I try to make a sentence sound in as many different ways as possible.

　　“I’ll accept no excuse if you return a book to me that has been badly handled.” My imagination boggled(退缩) at the punishment I would deserve if in fact I did abuse a book of Mrs. Flowers’.

　　The odors in the house surprised me. The sweet scent of vanilla(香草) had met us as she opened the door.

　　“Have a seat, Marguerite. You see, I had planned to invite you for cookies and lemonade so we could have this little chat.” She carried a plate covered with a tea towel.

　　As I ate she began the first of what we later called “My lesson in living.” She said that I must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. That some people, unable to go to school, were more educated and even more intelligent than college professors. She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit. That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations.

　　When I finished the cookies she brought a thick, small book from the bookcase. I had read A Tale of Two Cities and found it up to my standards as a romantic novel. She opened the first page and I heard poetry for the first time in my life.

　　“It was the best of times and worst of times...”

　　Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words. She was nearly singing. I wanted to look at the pages. Were they the same that I had read? Or were there notes, music, lined on the pages? Her sounds began cascading(瀑布般落下) gently. I knew that she was nearing the end of her reading.

　　“How do you like that?”

　　It occurred to me that she expected a response. The sweet vanilla flavor was still on my tongue and her reading was a magic to my ears. I had to speak.

　　I said, “Yes, ma’am.” It was the least I could do, but it was the most also.

　　“There’s one more thing. Take this book of poems and memorize one for me. Next time you pay me a visit, I want to recite.”

　　I have often tried hard to search for the enchantment(着迷) I so easily found in those gifts. To be allowed, no, invited, into the private lives of strangers, to share their joys and fears, was a chance to exchange the Southern bitter wormwood(苦艾) for a cup of mead(蜂蜜酒) with Beowulf or a hot cup of tea and milk with Oliver Twist. When I said aloud, “It is a far, far better thing than anything I have ever done...” tears of love filled my eyes at my selflessness.

　　I was liked, and what a difference it made, I was respected not as Mr Henderson’s grandchild or Bailey’s sister but for just being Marguerite Johnson.

　　67. What does Mrs. Flowers mean by saying “Words mean more than what is set down on paper” (paragraph 7)?

　　A. Besides reading, Marguerite should talk more.

　　B. The content of books may have different meanings.

　　C. How one speaks adds extra meaning to words.

　　D. It is language that distinguishes humans from animals.

　　68. Marguerite’s opinion of A Tale of Two Cities before and after Mrs. Flowers’ reading can be described as _______.

　　A. poetic … musical

　　B. satisfactory … informative

　　C. romantic … dramatic

　　D. common … extraordinary

　　69. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

　　A. Mrs. Flowers was born in a noble family.

　　B. The meeting between Mrs. Flowers and Marguerite was probably an intentional arrangement.

　　C. Marguerite hadn’t read poetry before her visit to Mrs. Flowers’ home.

　　D. Mrs. Flowers would recite new poems on Marguerite’s later visits.

　　70. Which can be the best title for the passage?

　　A. The Power of Language

　　B. A Lesson in Living

　　C. A Respectable Lady

　　D. My Initial Access to Charles Dickens

　　10.Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy but also a source of concern as their huge spinning blades (叶片) frequently kill birds and bats. A new type of wind generator developed in Spain offers a creative solution to that problem.

　　In 2002, Spanish inventor David Yanez saw a short film about the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in the U.S., collapsing in strong wind. It was a vivid example of the powerful vibrations wind can create when it blows past a long pole, such as a car antenna or even a stick of bamboo. It gave him the idea for a new type of wind-energy generator.

　　“The initial philosophy or spirit was to create a generator of dreams that had all the qualities one would want: It should be as cheap as possible, need as little maintenance as possible, the setup as simple as possible,” he said.

　　Yanez and his friend Raoul Martin took the idea to an engineering firm, where they were told it would never work. Undiscouraged, they started experimenting on their own in a small wind tunnel they built.

　　Good initial results were repeated by a larger working model called Vortex (涡旋) installed in a nearby field. “What we have is a mast (桅杆), which is the top piece and acts as a blade,” Yanez said. “It’s constructed from the same material as a conventional generator, and what it does is it oscillates (振荡), transmitting the oscillation to a conventional alternator, which by its own oscillation converts the wind’s energy into electric energy.”

　　Yanez said the output of the 6-meter-tall generator, and even that of smaller models, was better than expected. The Vortex creates about 30 percent less energy than a comparable bladed wind turbine, but it is lighter and cheaper to build and maintain. It is made mostly of reinforced plastic and has very few moving parts. Also, it does not create noise and—even more important for many environmentalists—it does not present a threat to passing birds.

　　The current prototype works at wind speeds ranging from 1.5 to 7 meters per second. The inventors say the next step is building a 12.5-meter tall bladeless generator with a 4-kilowatt capacity that could power small businesses or individual homes, or provide supplemental power to a main grid. The commercial version of the Vortex Bladeless generator should be ready for the market by 2017.

　　62.The author mentions a short film about the Tacoma Narrows Bridge to show ________.

　　A. what the initial philosophy or spirit was

　　B. what inspired Yanez to create the generator

　　C. how the bridge was destroyed in strong wind

　　D. how wind creates powerful vibrations

　　63.What do we know from the passage?

　　A. The original idea was considered as practical in an engineering firm.

　　B. Yanez and Martin’s initial tests by themselves proved to be successful.

　　C. The material for constructing the mast is different from that of the past.

　　D. The new generator is better at creating energy than a comparable bladed one.

　　64. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Bladeless wind-power generator is friendly to birds.

　　B. Wind turbines are efficient sources of cheap energy.

　　C. A new generator will come onto the market by 2017.

　　D. Yanez has made a generator for the benefit of people.

　　11.【】In modern society loneliness can be seen as a social phenomenon and people can experience loneliness for many reasons. It is a very common,

　　36

　　normally temporary, consequence of a breakup, divorce, or loss of any important

　　37

　　relationship. In these cases, loneliness may

　　38

　　both from the loss of a specific person or from dropping

　　39

　　of social circles. The loss of a significant person in one's life will

　　40

　　lead to a grief response; in this situation, one might feel lonely, even while in the

　　41

　　of others. 

　　There are many different ways used to treat loneliness. The first step that most doctors

　　42

　　to patients is treatment. Short term treatment typically

　　43

　　over a period of ten to twenty weeks. During treatment, emphasis is put

　　44

　　understanding the cause of the problem, thoroughly changing the

　　45

　　thoughts, feelings, and attitudes resulting from the problem, and exploring ways to help the patient feel

　　46

　　. Some doctors also recommend group treatment a means to connect with other sufferers and establish a support system. 

　　47

　　treatment is animal-assisted treatment. Studies and surveys indicate that the

　　48

　　of animal companions such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and guinea pigs can

　　49

　　feelings of loneliness or depression among some sufferers.

　　50

　　the companionship the animal itself provides there may also be increased opportunities for

　　51

　　with other pet owners. Results of a study also suggest that

　　52

　　improper socialcognition (认知) offers the best chance of reducing loneliness.

　　53

　　, loneliness can sometimes play an important role in the creative process. In some people, temporary or prolonged loneliness can lead to remarkable artistic and creative expression, for example, as was the

　　54

　　with poet Emily Dickinson, and many musicians. This is not to imply that loneliness itself ensures this creativity,

　　55

　　, it may have an influence on the subject matter of the artist and more likely be present in individuals engaged in creative activities.

　　36.

　　A. however

　　B. or

　　C. but

　　D. though

　　37.

　　A. short-term

　　B. long-term

　　C. abstract

　　D. concrete

　　38.

　　A. break

　　B. suffer

　　C. result

　　D. benefit

　　39.

　　A. turning out

　　B. dropping out

　　C. falling out

　　D. putting out

　　40.

　　A. occasionally

　　B. intentionally

　　C. typically

　　D. casually

　　41.

　　A. charge

　　B. company

　　C. face

　　D. absence

　　42.

　　A. commit

　　B. submit

　　C. recommend

　　D. resign

　　43.

　　A. hits

　　B. occurs

　　C. strikes

　　D. turns

　　44.

　　A. in

　　B. to

　　C. for

　　D. on

　　45.

　　A. negative

　　B. explicit

　　C. positive

　　D. original

　　46.

　　A. affected

　　B. touched

　　C. disconnected

　　D. connected

　　47.

　　A. One

　　B. Other

　　C. Another

　　D. The other

　　48.

　　A. presence

　　B. switch

　　C. control

　　D. management

　　49.

　　A. speed

　　B. save

　　C. ease

　　D. solve

　　50.

　　A. Beyond

　　B. Except

　　C. Without

　　D. With

　　51.

　　A. wrestling

　　B. training

　　C. popularizing

　　D. socializing

　　52.

　　A. calculating

　　B. correcting

　　C. assessing

　　D. transmitting

　　53.

　　A. However

　　B. But

　　C. Therefore

　　D. Though

　　54.

　　A. turn

　　B. case

　　C. way

　　D. return

　　55.

　　A. yet

　　B. still

　　C. just

　　D. rather

　　12.【苏北四市】One of the most significant actions of your life is that you support someone when you help him or her through a challenging time. However, the best

　　36

　　is that when you support others, you are also supporting yourself. When you

　　37

　　to give support to others, it is usually a

　　38

　　that you are also stopping giving support to yourself.

　　I was hooked on a story about Donna, which clearly showed the

　　39

　　of support.

　　Several months ago, Donna had just broken up with her boyfriend and had a difficult time accepting the

　　40

　　. She refused to be accompanied and stayed at home

　　41

　　, weeping all the time ,which certainly was not helping.

　　Early one morning, Donna received a phone call with some

　　42

　　news: her best friend’s brother had been

　　43

　　in an accident. Donna had known this friend, Mary, and her brother

　　44

　　her entire life, and the news was devastating. Donna

　　45

　　her sadness and got the

　　46

　　soon and drove to Mary’s house to be with her.

　　At the

　　47

　　and afterwards, she held Mary close while she cried

　　48

　　tears, sat by her side as the waves of grief

　　49

　　Mary, and slept next to her to make sure she did not wake up alone. During that time she hardly felt any

　　50

　　in her heart.

　　Several weeks later, when life began to return to normal, Donna

　　51

　　that the level of support she had given Mary far overtook any support she had

　　52

　　herself during her dark time. She was able to use the support she had given her friend as a

　　53

　　for the support she needed.

　　When you find yourself

　　54

　　to support others, see if there’s something within yourself that is not supporting.

　　55

　　, when you give complete support to others, it’ll mirror those places within you that require the same level of attention.

　　36. A. policy

　　B. part C. position

　　D. pattern

　　37. A. refuse

　　B. pretend C. start D. decide

　　38. A. sight

　　B. signature C. sign D. signal

　　39. A. example

　　B. power

　　C. function

　　D. definition

　　40. A. disaster

　　B. truth C. divorce

　　D. loss

　　41. A. quietly

　　B. worriedly

　　C. alone D. along

　　42. A. terrible

　　B. amazing

　　C. dangerous

　　D. surprising

　　43. A. claimed

　　B. killed

　　C. injured

　　D. caught

　　44. A. really

　　B. barely

　　C. exactly

　　D. nearly

　　45. A. removed

　　B. overcame C. recognized D. changed

　　46. A. door

　　B. gate C. car D. bus

　　47. A. pray

　　B. party

　　C. funeral D. break

　　48. A. endless

　　B. enough

　　C. permanent

　　D. consistent

　　49. A. ran over

　　B. turned over

　　C. washed over

　　D. looked over

　　50. A. sadness

　　B. horror C. panic

　　D. thrill

　　51. A. recalled

　　B. realized C. reminded D. remembered

　　52. A. presented

　　B. provided

　　C. favored D. offered

　　53. A. mirror

　　B. candle C. challenge D. gift

　　54. A. incredible

　　B. inadequate

　　C. unable D. unlikely

　　55. A. In short

　　B. In other words

　　C. On the whole

　　D. On the contrary

　　13.【】The New York Times published an article recently that shows great regret for the "death of conversation"．It suggests that while technology such as cell phones, e-mails , and Internet posting makes us feel more

　　36

　　than ever, they’re also driving us

　　37_ from people around us．

　　Users get final connectivity

　　38

　　the price of

　　39

　　face-to-face conversation． Sherry Turkle, author of the article in The New York Times says people are

　　40

　　to a different way of being “alone together”．

　　Actually ,

　　41

　　text messages or writing micro-blogs allows us to

　　42

　　thoughts.

　　43

　　bits and pieces of online cannot

　　44

　　a “real conversation．” Lan Guo, 19, a freshman English major from Changsha University , said that she would like to hear people’s tone of voice and see their faces in a (n)

　　45

　　．“The give and take of ideas in a conversation sharpens our minds,” she said．She also mentions that

　　46

　　ourselves in mobile technology reduces our chance of starting conversations with strangers and

　　47

　　People．

　　Turkle mentioned the popular

　　48

　　of “I share, therefore I am” among this generation. Liu Xuan, a young writer from Taiwan and psychology graduate from Harvard University, thinks it’s a mindset adopted by most young people． They are so busy creating or polishing their online persona (网络人格)that they forget how to live a (n)

　　49

　　life． For example，They may

　　50

　　more about blogging about attending a party rather than enjoying being

　　51

　　．

　　However，experts remind us that it’s unfair to

　　52

　　mobile technology . Chen Chen, a sociology expert at China Youth &Children Research Center, points out that it is still owners of gadgets , such as cell phones and tablets , who’re avoiding personal

　　53

　　.We take advantage of these devices to hide ourselves

　　54

　　others ．Texting messages or calling may be a (n)

　　55

　　to avoid contact with others, such as having eye contact． “Only by strengthening conversation can we understand each other. Simply throwing away the mobile gadgets is not a solution．”she said．

　　36．A．received

　　B．shared

　　C．connected

　　D．respected

　　37．A．off

　　B．back

　　C．away

　　D．down

　　38．A．beyond

　　B．at

　　C．for

　　D．above

　　39．A．having

　　B．risking

　　C．sacrificing

　　D．sharing

　　40．A．related

　　B．committed

　　C．devoted

　　D．accustomed

　　41．A．sending

　　B．getting

　　C．reading

　　D．taking

　　42．A．change

　　B．exchange

　　C．deliver

　　D．raise

　　43．A．So

　　B．And

　　C．Or

　　D．But

　　44．A．indicate

　　B．replace

　　C．cover

　　D．involve

　　45．A．conversation

　　B．computer

　　C．party

　　D．Internet

　　46．A．abandoning

　　B．joining

　　C．burying

　　D．attaching

　　47．A．interviewing

　　B．introducing C．knowing

　　D．meeting

　　48．A．feeling

　　B．concept

　　C．fact

　　D．truth

　　49．A．colorful

　　B．interesting

　　C．real

　　D．meaningful

　　50．A．worry

　　B．care

　　C．ask

　　D．debate

　　51．A．there

　　B．out

　　C．down

　　D．in

　　52．A．complain

　　B．adore

　　C．worship

　　D．blame

　　53．A．information

　　B．space

　　C．contact

　　D．management

　　54．A．from

　　B．of

　　C．behind

　　D．under

　　55．A．approach

　　B．source

　　C．result

　　D．excuse

　　Before I turned 29, my parents moved to Queensland, where I arrived for a visit six months later.

　　I

　　36

　　upon my mother with hugs, and for the first time in my life I said, “I love you, mom!” Then I gently

　　37

　　, expecting some kind of reciprocation. But it never came. Instead, she appeared

　　38

　　in horror.

　　When I was back at work, I overheard a workmate on a call to her mother and she concluded it with “I love you, Mum.” As

　　39

　　as that. Why wasn’t it like that in mine? Something had to be done about this

　　40

　　situation once and for all.

　　My

　　41

　　came the next Sunday during my weekly phone call to my mother. After we had shared our usual pleasantries and

　　42

　　, I took a deep breath and asked, “Do you love me, Mum?” After a short

　　43

　　, she replied, “I love you. Don’t be silly. You know we never said things like that in my family.”

　　“Well, I want it to be said in ours. From now on I want to

　　44

　　our conversations with ‘I love you.’”

　　In May 2000 my mother was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. She was

　　45

　　to hospital, and I phoned every day to

　　46

　　her. One evening when I rang, a nurse answered the phone and regretfully informed me that my mother’s condition had rapidly worsened. She wasn’t expected to

　　47

　　it through the night.

　　Knowing I couldn’t get a flight in time, I asked the nurse to put the phone next to my mother’s ear so I could talk to her. “She’s

　　48

　　conscious,” the nurse replied. “It’s unlikely she’ll hear you.” But I didn’t care. I wanted to do it

　　49

　　.

　　50

　　she’d placed the phone by my mother’s ear, I started

　　51

　　and telling Mum over and over again that I loved her. At first, all I could hear was “Hmmmm” — but then, like a miracle, with a deep

　　52

　　she said, “Love you … love you, darling.” It was the last thing she said before drifting into

　　53

　　.

　　Although I was overwhelmed by her death, the surprising part was how well I

　　54

　　. Of course, losing a parent is extremely painful and I shed many tears, but receiving those lovely last words made it much more

　　55

　　. I had closure in the best possible way.

　　36.A. fell

　　B. struck

　　C. relied

　　D. depended

　　37.A. pushed off

　　B. turned up

　　C. pulled away

　　D. looked on

　　38.A. deserted

　　B. frozen

　　C. guilty

　　D. clumsy

　　39.A. simple

　　B. sacred

　　C. apparent

　　D. original

　　40.A. stress

　　B. crisis

　　C. emergency

　　D. love

　　41.A. potential

　　B. opportunity

　　C. inspiration

　　D. choice

　　42.A. interests

　　B. secrets

　　C. expectations

　　D. updates

　　43.A. preparation

　　B. friction

　　C. hesitation

　　D. identification

　　44.A. end

　　B. start

　　C. continue

　　D. hold

　　45.A. permitted

　　B. admitted

　　C. allowed

　　D. sentenced

　　46.A. check on

　　B. attend to

　　C. call on

　　D. see to

　　47.A. take

　　B. face

　　C. make

　　D. cool

　　48.A. entirely

　　B. absolutely

　　C. slightly

　　D. barely

　　49.A. therefore

　　B. otherwise

　　C. anyway

　　D. somehow

　　50.A. Before

　　B. Once

　　C. Unless

　　D. Since

　　51.A. whispering

　　B. yelling

　　C. screaming

　　D. sobbing

　　52.A. sigh

　　B. conversation

　　C. thought

　　D. sleep

　　53.A. calmness

　　B. unconsciousness

　　C. hardness

　　D. sickness

　　54.A. prayed

　　B. clarified

　　C. coped

　　D. concluded

　　55.A. authentic

　　B. arbitrary

　　C. precise

　　D. bearable

　　15.【苏州中学】Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces. Each of us must choose which we want to ___36___ our future and our expectations. We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or ___37___. It’s our decision: from which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in ___38___ or down in desperation?

　　I believe in the upward look. I choose to ___39___ the positive and skip right over the negative.

　　An optimistic attitude is not a luxury(奢侈品); it’s a(n) ___40___. The way you look at life will determine how you feel, how you perform, and how well you will get along with other people. ___41___, negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations ___42___ themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prophecy (预言). Pessimism creates a dark place where no one wants to live.

　　Years ago, I drove into a service station to get some gas. It was a beautiful day, and I was feeling great. As I walked into the station to pay for the gas, the attendant said to me, “How do you feel?” That seemed like a(n) ___43___ question, but I felt fine and told him so. “You don’t look well,” he replied. This ___44___ me completely by surprise. A little ___45___ confidently, I told him that I had ___46___ felt better. Without hesitation, he continued to tell me how bad I looked and that my skin appeared yellow.

　　By the time I left the service station, I was feeling a little ___47___. About a block away, I ___48___ over to the side of the road to look at my face in the mirror. How did I feel? Was I affected with jaundice(黄疸)? Was everything all right? By the time I got home, I was beginning to feel a little nauseous(恶心). Did I have a bad liver? Had I ___49___ some rare disease?

　　On another beautiful day, when I went into that gas station, feeling ___50___ again, I figured out what had happened. The place had recently been painted a bright, distasteful ___51___, and the light reflecting ___52___ the walls made everyone inside look as though they had hepatitis(肝炎)! I wondered how many other folks had ___53___ the way I did. I had let one short conversation with a total ___54___ change my attitude for an entire day. He told me I looked sick, and before long, I was actually feeling sick. That single ___55___ observation had a great effect on the way I felt and acted.

　　The only thing more powerful than negativism is a word of optimism and hope. When a whole culture adopts an upward look, incredible things can be accomplished.

　　36. A. shape

　　B. decide

　　C. preview

　　D.transform

　　37. A. forgive

　　B. curse

　　C. praise

　　D. regret

　　38. A. vain

　　B. anger

　　C. action

　　D. hope

　　39.A. highlight

　　B. analyze

　　C. evaluate

　　D.introduce

　　40. A. necessity

　　B. opportunity

　　C. quality

　　D. identity

　　41. A. Actually

　　B. Consequently

　　C. Similarly

　　D.Contrarily

　　42. A. rely on

　　B. feed on

　　C. go on

　　D.take on

　　43. A. familiar

　　B. ordinary

　　C. odd

　　D. easy

　　44. A. got

　　B. took

　　C. stopped

　　D. made

　　45. A. more

　　B. less

　　C. quite

　　D. too

　　46. A. never

　　B. ever

　　C. once

　　D. always

　　47. A. uneasy

　　B. unconcerned

　　C. unsatisfied

　　D.unaffected

　　48. A. got

　　B. came

　　C. took

　　D. pulled

　　49. A. come up

　　B. brought up

　　C. picked up

　　D. put up

　　50. A. fine

　　B. upset

　　C. sick

　　D. calm

　　51. A. gray

　　B. blue

　　C. yellow

　　D. red

　　52. A. in

　　B. over

　　C. off

　　D. through

　　53. A. quit

　　B. adapted

　　C. answered

　　D. reacted

　　54. A. liar

　　B. onlooker

　　C. attendant

　　D. stranger

　　55. A. positive

　　B. negative

　　C. careful

　　D. rigid

　　16.My mother is a diligent and kind woman. She is very busy from morning till night. As a teacher, she works hard.   16    Both my brother and I love her dearly as she loves us.

　　My mother has been teaching math at a middle school in my hometown. She goes to work early in the morning and does not return home until late in the afternoon.    17    She treats them with patience and teaches them well. For her excellent quality and very good teaching results, she has been elected as a model teacher several times.

　　18    Every day, when she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework, sweeping the living room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture, and putting everything in good order. She seems to be busy all the time. As she has been very busy working every day, she looks older than her age. But she looks as cheerful and happy as ever. Mother never buys expensive dresses for herself, but she often buys some inexpensive but high quality clothes for us.   19    She just eats a plain meal outside when she is too busy to cook herself. She lives a busy yet simple life, without any complaints.

　　Often she says to us, “work while you work, and play while you play. That is the way to be happy and gay. If you do not work, you will become lazy and be of no use to society”. What a piece of good advice this is!    20   This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my behavior. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.

　　A. She enjoys listening to classic music.

　　B. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.

　　C. She loves her students and cares for them.

　　D. She never goes to expensive restaurants to enjoy meals.

　　E. My mother is hard-working and never wastes money.

　　F. I never forget it and always bear it in my mind.

　　G. Can you tell us something about your mother?

　　17.There is an old Spanish Proverb which states, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week”.

　　36___

　　I’d say, too many. Our dreams should not, and cannot wait. We have to go for them now! Here’s why.

　　1.

　　37_____　

　　Nobody likes to talk about death, but the reality is – everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day, or the hour. Therefore, today is all we have. Don’t go to your grave with unfulfilled dreams. Make the decision to go after every dream, big or small right now.

　　2. The world is waiting on your gift

　　I know this may be hard to believe, but the world is waiting on YOU! Yes, YOU!

　　___ 38

　　Sure, other people may be able to sing. But they’ll never be able to sing exactly like you. Sure other people can write, but they’ll never be able to write from the same perspective in which you write. Don’t deprive（使丧失） the world of your gift. It’s the oxygen that we need to survive. Thus, it is your responsibility to figure out exactly what your gift is, and use to better your life and the lives of those around you.

　　3.

　　39_____

　　You can dream about writing the great American play that you want, but it’s never going to happen unless you actually put pen to paper. You can dream about finding a cure for cancer, but it will never happen unless you actually go to school to become equipped with the necessary tools to find that cure.

　　40____

　　They require you to get your head out of the clouds, and actually do the work to make them happen. Get to it!

　　A. You can’t let fear win.

　　B. Tomorrow is not promised.

　　C. In other words, dreams don’t work unless you do.

　　D. Possibilities you never knew existed are waiting on you

　　E. How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow?

　　F. Unless you take the first step, your dreams will never come true.

　　G. You were born into the world with a unique gift, which nobody on this earth can copy.

　　18.This Way to Dreamland

　　Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.

　　But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?

　　So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?

　　First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.

　　It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__

　　Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_

　　Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.

　　A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.

　　B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.

　　C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.

　　D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.

　　E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.

　　F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.

　　G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re

　　in the daydream zone.

　　19. Lots of people stress out about talking in front of the class or getting laughed at if they make a mistake in front of an audience.

　　36

　　The “stress hormones" that your body produces at times like these can actually help you focus.

　　But when worry and stress about performing get to be too much, these hormones give people that “red alert（紧急状态）”feeling-the one that causes you to feel cold or sweaty, or get butterflies in your stomach.

　　37

　　Be prepared.

　　38

　　Rehearse（排练）as much as you can and practice in front of others at every opportunity. Most of all, think positively. Tell yourself “I'll be OK" or “ I can do this" even if you are not 100% sure of it

　　Look after yourself. Before big performances it's easy to let taking care of yourself slip as you spend too much time on rehearsals and practice.

　　39 Exercise can also help you feel good, and along with sleep and nutrition, is an excellent way of keeping those stress hormones from getting out of control.

　　Find out what the experts do. You can find books, DVDs, and online information about how to give your best when you perform, depending on what type of performance you're preparing for.

　　40

　　Or ask the cast of your school play or your drama or music teacher how they beat stage fright. And if your parents or grandparents ever performed, they may have their own secrets to share.

　　A. Confidence helps beat stress hormones.

　　B. The following tips can help you avoid that feeling.

　　C. You're less likely to freeze up if you're well prepared.

　　D. You can do this whether you're performing alone or as part of a group.

　　E. Check out stories about Olympic gymnasts or your favorite star to get their tips.

　　F. Feeling nervous before a performance is part of your body's way of helping you do your best.

　　G.

　　You'll look and feel your best if you get enough sleep and eat healthy meals before your performance.

　　20.

　　36

　　This was not because the woods and fields were always far away, but because they were too far from the city to permit people to make a day trip between morning and nightfall.

　　37

　　He decided to turn his little school into a dormitory for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the school house was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there.

　　38

　　This was the first hostel (招待所).

　　Today, young students and workers of every country can meet in the hostel and get to know each other. When young people arrive at the hostel, they have only to show their cards of membership in a hostel organization in their own country.

　　39

　　Often, at the evening meal, a group of boys and girls from various parts of the country or world will happen to meet at the same hostel. They may put their food together and prepare a dinner with many kinds of dishes. Sometimes a program will be organized after the meal with dances, songs, or short talks followed by a question period.

　　40

　　For this reason, a few weeks spent “hostelling” can be just as useful a part of one’s education as classes in school.

　　A. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle nearby.

　　B. People can stay in the hostel if they brought enough equipment with them.

　　C. For years, children in the industrial areas of Europe seldom left their cities to see the beauties of the countryside.

　　D. This card will permit them to stay in a hostel all over the world for very low prices.

　　E. In 1970, a young German school master had an idea which changed this situation.

　　F. One can learn a lot about other places, just by meeting people from those places

　　G. More and more young people went to the hostel for summer holidays.

　　21.It’s the time of year when graduates are looking forward to putting constant exams behind and moving on to more exciting stage of their lives. But is the digital age, not everything is son easily left behind, because they have created a digital footprint that’s often not easy to cover up. However, there are various actions they can take to make that online presence more appealing.

　　36

　　Clean up your Facebook account

　　Clean up your Facebook page and get rid of anything that could be considered offensive or held against you. Remember, the test is no longer “Would you want grandma to see it?” but “  37  ”

　　Use a professional looking photo

　　38

　　, so make sure that first impression is a good one. Again, what worked at school is unlikely to impress the employers. Also, be consistent and use the same photo on all your online platforms.

　　__39

　　While it’s important to make the transition(过渡) from school to the workplace, you don’t want to leave everything behind. Make a point of keeping in touch with your school friends, teachers, professors, sports coaches, or anyone who could be helpful to you as you establish a career.

　　Be yourself

　　Nobody can be more like you than you.

　　40

　　Turn your social networking pages into your own personal website, and start marking your own individual brand!

　　A. Grow your network

　　B. Search your memory

　　C. A picture is worth a thousand words

　　D. Whom would you want to see it?

　　E. Would you want a future employer to see it?

　　F. Make sure your online presence is representative of who you really are.

　　G. Here are a few suggestions that you might want to pass on.

　　22.In the age of the smart phone, there seems no reason to ask questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number or directions, ___41____ can all be easily found on Google, but very often people ___42____ (actual) ask these things by telephoning. Your answer may ___43____ (reply) to with a thank-you e-mail.

　　This isn’t the first time that great changes ___44____ (take) place in our manners due to technology. In

　　___45____ late 1870s, when the telephone was invented, people didn’t know how ___46____ (greet) a caller. Often there is just silence. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say “Ahoy”, ___47____ finally “Hello” went out, the greeting is now used in everyday face-to-face communications.

　　Try to be ___48____ (respect) no matter who you communicate ___49____. Just keep it in mind that

　　___50____ (polite) never goes out of fashion.

　　23.Once a group of 50 people was attending a seminar. Halfway through his talk, the speaker stopped and decided

　　61

　　(create)a group activity. He went around the hall and gave each person a balloon. Each one was asked to write his or her name on the balloon

　　62

　　(use)a marker pen. Then all the balloons

　　63

　　(collect) and put in another room.

　　The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that had their name

　　64

　　(write) on, within five minutes.Everyone was

　　6 5

　　(hurried) searching for their name, bumping into each other, pushing each other around. It was chaos. At the end of the five minutes no one could find

　　66

　　(them) own balloon.

　　Now each person was asked to randomly collect

　　67

　　balloon and give it to the person whose name was written on it. Within two minutes everyone

　　68

　　(have) their own balloon. When everyone quieted down, the speaker began to talk, saying that this is exactly what was happening in our

　　69

　　(live).Everyone is hurriedly looking for happiness, and not knowing where it is.

　　Our happiness sometimes lies in the happiness of other people. Give them their happiness

　　70

　　you will get your own happiness.

　　24.People do have different ideas about what __61___(wear). While young people tend to consider more about fashion, personality and how they look when

　　62

　　(choose) clothes, elderly people pay

　　63

　　(great) attention to whether they appear right, they feel comfortable as well as whether the material is worth

　　64

　　price.

　　How people get dressed also changes over time. Take China

　　65

　　an example. In the 1960’s and 1970’s, there were practically only two or three colors people wore-blue, green and gray. The styles of the clothes

　　66

　　(be) also very dell. In the 1980’s young people would only wear

　　67

　　was in fashion.

　　68

　　(recent), we have come to understand that the way you dress

　　69

　　(you) is a reflection of your occupation, your background and your personality. So we see different people wear different clothes according to occasions, their likes and

　　70

　　(feel).

　　25.Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences.

　　Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill,

　　61

　　will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to

　　62

　　(take) immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or

　　63

　　(possible) erase(抹去) the effect of painful memories.

　　In November, experts tested a drug on people in the U.S. and France. The drug stops the body

　　64

　　(release) chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far, the research

　　65

　　(suggest) that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that memories are wiped out. They are not sure to

　　66

　　degree people’s memories are affected.

　　The research has caused a great deal of

　　67

　　(argue). Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills which prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.

　　68

　　, those who are

　　69

　　the research say that maybe the pills can change people’s memories and changing memories is very

　　70

　　(danger) because memories give us our identity.

　　26.A discussion about hiking had been held in our class. Some students think that hiking during vacations can make people feel healthier, fresher or more harmonious with the nature. They find themselves deep attracted by the beauty of nature. They can also be relaxing by walking in deep mountains. But nowadays some hikers even begin to explore the places people have ever been to, and accidents have happened now and then because a poor knowledge of hiking. Some hikers even lost their life. The other students in our class think it not safe to organize so dangerous activities. They make suggestions what laws should be passed and hikers should be trained before they attend the activities.

　　27.I always have a dream to be a fluency speaker. Therefore, I am too shy to say a word in public. What is just beyond my wildest imagination is fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream. One day, my English teacher asked me to go to her office and told us that I was given an opportunity to participate in an English speaking competition. Hear this, I could hardly hide my excitement. When making preparation for the competition, I write my speech heart and soul. After I finished the composition, I discussed it with my teacher and got many advice on how to improve it. Under the help of my English teacher, I made a great progress.

　　28.Dear Mandy，

　　I'm not doing well in my lessons

　　at school，especial in maths. My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university. He thinks I'm lazy，but it's not true. I work really hard，often study late into the night! I've tried to talk to my mother，but she always said I have to work as hard like my brother does. My brother doesn't study

　　very hard，and he always gets excellent grades. It's not fair!

　　The only thing I like it is art. My teacher says I'm the best student she's had for year. When I told my dad，all he said was，“ You mustn’ time in art. You must focus your mind on your lessons! ”

　　I'm feeling quite puzzling as to what to do now. Would you please help me out?

　　Thanks a lot!

　　Yours sincerely， Lisa

　　假设你是李华，你的朋友Kate想写一篇关于世界主要国家中学生课外阅读的小论文。她给你发了邮件询问有关情况，请你写一封英文邮件进行回复。

　　内容主要包括：

　　1. 你校同学课外阅读情况；

　　2. 分析这种状况的原因；

　　3. 你的观点。

　　注意：1. 词数100左右；    

　　2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3. 文章的开头和结尾已经给出（不计入总词数）。

　　Dear Kate,

　　Thank you for your email. Now I would like to tell you something about the extracurricular reading in our school. __________________________________________________________________________

　　_____________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　30.请阅读下列文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

　　【写作内容】

　　用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

　　请根据以上图文信息简述污染的情况及其原因；

　　从可持续发展的角度提出你对治理城市污染的建议(不少于两点)。

　　【写作要求】

　　1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

　　3. 不必写标题。

　　[评分标准]

　　内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

　　We suffer from pollution. “I can’t bear the smog in this city any more. It’s getting worse and worse.” said Wang Tao，a senior citizen in Beijing.

　　“I’m often disturbed by loud noise during my work and sleep.” said a senior student from Shenzhen.

　　Many of China’s waterways are largely unfit for direct human use because of industrialization.

　　A 2015 report estimated that 1.6 million people in China die each year from heart, lung and stroke problems because of polluted air.

　　New technologies have promoted the development of urbanization and economy. While economic growth may continue, the rewards of this growth may be opposed by the harm from the pollution unless environmental protection is increased.