决胜高考 2016高考英语黄金30题：专题01 经典母题30题（教师版）
发布时间：2017-03-22 编辑：查字典英语网小编
1.【2015·新课标全国I】A
Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum
Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don’t need to book. They end around 21:00.
November 7th
The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.
December 5th
Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London’s ice trade grew.
February 6th
An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play.
March 6th
Eyots and Aits -Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.
Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book
More info: www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson
London Canal Museum
12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT
www.canalmuseum.org.uk
www.canalmuseum.mobi
Tel:020 77130836
21. When is the talk on James Brindley?
A. February 6th.
B. March 6th.
C. November 7th.
D. December 5th.
22.
What is the topic of the talk in February?
A. The Canal Pioneers.
B. Ice for the Metropolis
C. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands
D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals
23.
Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames.
A. Miranda Vickers
B. Malcolm Tucker
C. Chris Lewis
D. Liz Payne
【答案】
21. C
22. D
23. A
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座的内容简介等。
【考点定位】广告布告类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本篇文章是一篇应用文。文章整体阅读难度较低，所设题目均为考查细节理解题，考生只需通过关键词定位可得出答案。如21题抓住关键词“James Brindley”，22题抓住关键词“February”，23题抓住关键词“Thames”。考生做此类阅读理解时可以先从其问题着手，带着问题的关键词到原文中找出相对应的部分，然后通过对照和比较，就不难选出正确答案。
2.【2015·新课标全国II】D
Choose Your One-Day-Tours!
Tour A - Bath &Stonehenge: including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge -￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.
Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum, Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.
Tour B - Oxford & Startford
including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's -￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter
Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges. Look over the "city of dreaming spires(尖顶）"from St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C - Windsor Castle &Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace -￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VILL's favorite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D -Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great -￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.
33. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England’s oldest university city?
Tour A
Tour B
Tour C
Tour D
34. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?
Windsor Castle & Hampton Court
Oxford & Stratford
Bath & Stonehenge
Cambridge
35. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?
It used to be the home of royal families
It used to be a well-known maze
It is the oldest palace in Britain
It is a world-famous castle
【答案】
33. B
34. D
35. A
【解析】
试题分析：本文介绍了四个旅游目的地。从价格到参观的内容，说明非常详细，四个地方都以英国的游览胜地为主。
33.B 细节理解题。根据原文Tour B中Oxford：Included a guided tour of England’s oldest university and colleges可知，本次活动包括参观牛津大学城和学校，牛津大学是英国最古老的大学，所以要想看英国最古老的大学城就选B。
35.A细节理解题。根据With 500 years of history, Hampton was once the home of four Kings and one Queen Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.判断，人们去参观的主要原因是因为这是有着500年历史的前皇家宫殿，答案为A。
【考点定位】广告类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是广告类阅读。广告类的题其实只要我们根据问题去找答案就可以，因为题目基本上都是细节理解题。本题中第34小题需要做一些理解和对比。一方面对价格的理解要准确，另一方面要知道题目问的是哪一天价格最低，这样，实际上需要一个对比才能完成得好。
3.【2015·浙江】C
If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead，we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun’s light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it’s the only way to explain what we’ve done to the night: We’ve engineered it to
receive us by filling it with light.
The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 一 called light pollution 一 whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad
lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky. III-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels 一 and light
rhythms — to which many forms of life, including, ourselves, have adapted. Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect or life is affected .
In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars, leaving behind a vacant haze(霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark. We’ve grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit nigh, - dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadow on Earth, is wholly beyond our experience, beyond memory almost.
We’ve lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country, when nothing could be further form the truth. Among mammals alone, the number of nocturnal species is astonishing, Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁). The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms. Migrating at night, birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times righter than normal, throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint including most other creatures ,we do need darkness .Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare, to our internal clockwork, as light itself.
Living in a glare of our making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night .In a very real sense light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being, which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy arching overhead.
50.
According to the passage, human being
.
A. prefer to live in the darkness
B. are used to living in the day light
C. were curious about the midnight world
D. had to stay at home with the light of the moon
51. What does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?
A. The night.
B. The moon
C. The sky
D. The planet
52. The writer mentions birds and frogs to
.
A. provide examples of animal protection
B. show how light pollution affects animals
C. compare the living habits of both species
D. explain why the number of certain species has declined
53. It is implied in the last paragraph that
.
A. light pollution dose harm to the eyesight of animals
B. light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritages
C. human beings cannot go to the outer space
D. human beings should reflect on their position in the universe
54. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. The Magic light.
B. The Orange Haze.
C. The Disappearing Night.
D. The Rhythms of Nature.
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍了光污染对于动物和人类的影响，呼吁我们反思我们的行为。
52. B 写作目的题 根据第二段第一句话” The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences 这项工程带来好处的同时也带来了坏处“和最后一句，“Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life is affected“,
此句意为无论光洒在什么地方，生活都会受到一些影响。show how light pollution affects animals说明光污染影响的动物
54. C 标题题，根据，文章出现最多的就是light和night, 我们可以知道答案是C。之所以不选A，是因为它所使用的形容词Magic意思是奇幻的，。而C选项的disappearing 是消失的，。
【考点定位】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章
【名师点睛】对于这种文章，一定要读懂作者的观点是什么？留意作者看法的用词，即是文章所使用的形容词是支持还是反对。ed to living in the sun’s light.如果人类真的在家里的月亮和星星的光下，我们会在黑暗中快乐，午夜的世界，我们可见的是夜间的大量在这个星球上的物种。相反，我们是日行动物，眼睛适应了太阳的光线。”
4.【2015·新课标全国I】D
Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers - some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session - care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’ or ‘people think’,” Lehane told them. “Say ‘I think,’ ‘Think me’.”
A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle - longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.
The city’s psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne’s group just to learn to say what they feel. “There’s a strong need in Paris for communication,” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she’d like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn’t exist”, she says, “If life weren’t a battle, people wouldn’t need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldn’t be France.
32. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?
A. Learn a new subject
B. Keep in touch with friends.
C. Show off their knowledge.
D. Express their true feelings.
33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?
A. They are less frequently visited.
B. They stay open for longer hours.
C. They have bigger night crowds.
D. They start to serve fast food.
34. What are theme cafes expected to do?
A. Create more jobs.
B. Supply better drinks.
C. Save the cafe business.
D. Serve the neighborhood.
35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?
A. They bring people true friendship.
B. They give people spiritual support.
C. They help people realize their dreams.
D. They offer a platform for business links.
【答案】
32. D
33. A
34. C
35. B
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲述了法国精神咖啡馆（psychology cafes）的社会意义和功能特色，以及在法国越来越受欢迎。
35. B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句话“If people had normal lives, these cafes would’t exist”, she says,”If life weren’t a battle, people wouln’t need a special place just to speak.” But them, it wouldn’t be France.可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。
【考点定位】社会类短文阅读
【名师点睛】这是一篇社会类短文阅读。难度中等偏上，学生不易读懂。但是第32和33题均为考查细节理解题，问题设计比较简单，考生只需通过关键词定位即可得出答案。其中第34和35题需要在原文的内容的基础之上作出推理，才能判断出正确的答案。考生做此类阅读时要注意前后之间的联系与对比，选择答案时切不可以以偏概全。
5.【2015·湖北卷】D
The oddness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.
First consider something as simple as sleep. Its position presents its own challenges. The main question is whether you want your arms inside or outside the sleeping bag. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny balled （芭蕾）dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be wrapped up.”
On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale (呼气) has a tendency to form an invisible （隐形的）cloud around you head. You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat,”Your inner ear thinks your’re falling . Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying—that’s why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days —truly terrible days for some —astronauts’ brains learn to ignore the panicky signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.
Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time invisibly dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so vital that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it right on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as it is about keeping any individual astronauts return home, and, more importantly, how to maintain strength and fitness for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.
63.What is the major challenge to astronauts when they sleep in space?
A. Deciding on a proper sleep position
B. Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag
C. Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly
D. Finding a right time to go to sleep.
64.The astronauts will suffer from a carbon-dioxide headache when _____.
?A. the y circle around on their bikes
B. they use microcomputers without a stop
C. they exercise in one place for a long time
D. they watch a movie while pedaling
65.Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days because _____.
A. their senses stop working
B. they have to stand up straight
C. they float out of their seats unexpectedly
D. whether they are able to go back to the station
66.One of the NASA’s major concerns about astronauts is _____.
A. how much exercise they do on the station
B. how they can remain healthy for long in space
C. whether they can recover after returning home
D. whether they are able to go back to the station
【解析】
64. C细节理解题。根据第三段中“But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long. …You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选C项。
65. D细节理解题。根据第四段中“Your inner ear thinks you’re failing. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying-that’s why some people feel sick.”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D项。
66. B细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第一、二句“The focus on fitness is as much about science and the future as is about keeping any individual astronaut healthy…NASA is worried about two things :… and, more importantly, how maintain strength and fitness…”可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选B项。
【名师点睛】科普类历来是高考阅读理解命题的重点文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，主要考查学生对语篇的整体把握和领悟能力以及对特定细节的认读和处理能力。3. 在进行推理判断时，考生一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。
6.【2015·北京卷】A
The Boy Made It!
One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature would get very low, which could quickly kill him.
Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle. Then he piled branches on top of himself, like a blanket, to stay as warm as he could.
By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could- he huddled(蜷缩) in his cave and slept.
The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, but he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, because without shelter, he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved.
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV. He had often watched Grylls’ survival show. Man vs. Wild. That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life, In each episode(一期节目)of Man vs. Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out.
When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.
56. What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?
A. He got lost.
B. He broke his skis.
C. He hurt his eyes
D. He caught a cold
57. How did Nicholas keep himself warm?
A. He found a shelter.
B. He lighted some branches.
C. He kept on skiing.
D. He built a snow cave.
58. On Tuesday, Nicholas _____.
A. returned to his shelter safely
B. was saved by a searcher
C. got stuck in the snow
D. staved where he was
59. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he _____.
A. did the right things in the dangerous situation
B. watched Grylls’ TV program regularly
C. created some tips for survival
D. was very hard-working
【解析】
57. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段根据第四段第一行，Nicholas built a snow cave。以及to stay as warm as he could可知，Nicholas保持温暖的方式是建了一个雪洞。故选D。
【考点定位】故事类阅读
【名师点睛】本文考查记叙文，讲的是“小孩在山里迷路，求生的过程”，做好一篇记叙文，要交代清楚人物和事件，就必须交代清楚记叙的要素，即：时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果。弄清记叙文中的人称代词指代的对象，有利于更好地理解文意。线索是记叙文的纲，抓住线索，就能理顺文章内容，掌握文章结构，更好地理解文章的中心思想。记叙文以叙事为主，但有时也运用描写、说明和议论。尤其是要注意夹叙夹议类文章，它的题目往往设计为推理性和总结性题目。文中题目往往在文中能找到出处，把握好文中具体细节即可。
Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.
And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The Smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.
As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour. the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.
Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!
Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn’t look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn’t offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible and we drank up every last drop of soup.
34.Why did Dad clean Old Man Mocolgin’s chicken house regularly?
A. To earn some money for the family.
B. To collect manure for his crops.
C. To get rid of the terrible smell.
D. To set a good example to us.
35.What can we infer about Dad抯 stew?g
A. It is popular among the neighbors.
B. It contains honey and vegetables.
C. It looks very wonderful.
D. It tastes quite delicious.
36.What does the underlined word 搊ffend?in the last paragraph mean?ri
A. To attract
B. To upset
C. To air
D. To shut
37.What can we learn about Dad form the text?
A. He is an experienced cook.
B. He is a troublesome father.
C. He has a positive attitude to life.
D. He suffers a lot from his disability.
【解析】
35.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的we drank up every last drop of soup.可知，选择D，意为父亲的炖菜非常美味。
【考点定位】 考查记叙文阅读
【名师点睛】本题考查记叙文阅读。在高考试卷中，每套试卷中通常都会包含记叙文。通常情况下记叙文阅读的难度相对比较低。要求考生能够依据文章的写作顺序，弄清文章大意，了解记叙文的5W(what/who/when/where/why)，同时关注考题中的细节，掌握文章的主题大意。本题中细节理解题有一题（34），要求考生能关注关键词manure，在原文中迅速定位；推理判断题有两题（35、37题），要求考生能够迅速找到与之相关的stew和父亲的做事风格等。记叙文阅读通常都会出现词义猜测题，要求考生能通过对上下午的理解猜测出词的大概意思。
8.【2015·广东】B
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish”, I remember being even more upset then because, “I’m not a fish!” I didn’t know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does?
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun huts their eyes… The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them..
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like sales people.” But it didn’t completely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
31.
Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine?
A. He could not catch a fish.
B. His father was not patient with him.
C. His father did not teach him fishing.
D. He could not influence a fish as his father did.
32. What did the author’s father really mean?
A. To read about fish.
B. To learn fishing by oneself.
C. To understand what fish think.
D. To study fishing in many ways.
33. According to the author, fish are most likely to be found _________.
A. in deep water on sunny days
B. in deep water on cloudy days
C. in shallow water under sunlight
D. in shallow water under waterside trees.
34.
After entering the business world, the author found _________.
A. it easy to think like a customer
B. his father’s fishing advice inspiring
C. his first boss’s sales ideas reasonable
D. it difficult to sell services to poor people
35.
This passage most likely comes from _________.
A. a fishing guide
B. a popular sales book
C. a novel on childhood
D. a millionaire’s biography
【解析】
试题分析：本文叙述了作者通过以父亲教授他钓鱼时，要像鱼一样思考，学会钓鱼的道理，告诉大家从事商业销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
34. B推理判断题。根据I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers“我逐渐了解我们需要像消费者一样去思考”这与父亲的“You need to think like a fish”相似，因此这是父亲的话给他的启发。故选B。
35. B推理判断题。根据It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters“这不是一份轻松的工作，我将在下面几章里向你们展示如何去做”，故推断这是在教授大家如何去销售的书。故选B。
【考点定位】 故事类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文设计的问题主要是推理判断题。通过贯穿全文的“You need to think like a fish”通过讲述了钓鱼的方法，介绍了销售的技巧。充分考查了学生的语篇理解能力以及上下文的语境理解能力。第35题，具有引出下文的作用，也充分暗示了本文的主题。
9.【2015·陕西】D
Parents who help their children with homework may actually be bringing down their school grades. Other forms of prenatal involvement, including volunteering at school and observing a child's class, also fail to help, according to the most recent study on the topic.
The findings challenge a key principle of modern parenting(养育子女) where schools except them to act as partners in their children's education. Previous generations concentrated on getting children to school on time, fed, dressed and ready to learn.
Kaith Robinson, the author of the study, said, "I really don't know if the public is ready for this but there are some ways parents can be involved in their kids' education that leads to declines in their academic performance. One of the things that was consistently negative was parents' help with homework." Robinson suggested that may be because parents themselves struggle to understand the task." They may either not remember the material their kids are studying now, or in some cases never learnt it themselves, but they're still offering advice."
Robinson assessed parental involvement performance and found one of the most damaging things a parent could do was to punish their children for poor marks. In general, about 20% of parental involvement was positive, about 45% negative and the rest statistically insignificant.
Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to get involved because "children with good academic success do have involved parents ", admitted Robinson. But he argued that this did not prove parental involvement was the root cause of that success." A big surprise was that Asian-American parents whose kids are doing so well in school hardly involved. They took a more reasonable approach, conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives."
58.
The underlined expression "parental involvement " in Paragraph 1 probably means
.
A. parents' expectation on children's health
B. parents' participation in children's education
C. parents' control over children's life
D. parents' plan for children's future
59. What is the major finding of Robinson's study ?
A. Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way.
B. Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally damaging.
C. Parental involvement is not so beneficial as expected.
D. Parents are not able to help with children’s homework.
60.
The example of Asian-American parents implies that parents should
.
A. help children realize the importance of schooling
B. set a specific life goal for their children
C. spend more time improving their own lives
D. take a more active part in school management
【解析】
60.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子：They took a more reasonable approach, conveying to their children how success at school could improve their lives.可知美国父母的例子暗示父母应该帮助孩子意识到学校教育的重要性，故选A。
【考点定位】教育类阅读理解
【名师点睛】这篇文章内容是学生比较熟悉的而且和他们的生活有密切联系的，主旨大意很好理解。这篇文章篇幅适中。主要考查细节理解和句意理解，考生在通读文章的基础上，注意到细节理解不难找出答案。
A
From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud, before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don’t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.
One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of
books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean. “
The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, Mr Holt, do you really mean that?” I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.
During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can’t be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition with woodcuts. I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “
This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.
41. According to the passage, children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________.
A. reading little and thinking little
B. reading often and adventurously
C. being made to read too much
D. being made to read aloud before others
42.
The teacher told his students to read______ .
A. for enjoyment
B. for knowledge
C. for a larger vocabulary
D. for higher scores in exams
43. Upon hearing the teacher’s talk, the children probably felt that________.
A. it sounded stupid
B. it was not surprising at all
C. it sounded too good to be true
D. it was no different from other teachers' talk
44. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage?
A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading.
B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks.
C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books.
D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school.
45. From the teacher's point of view,_________ .
A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading
B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read
C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school
D. reading involves understanding every little piece of information
【解析】
试题分析：作者认为阅读应该是一种快乐，而不是强迫性的阅读，强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯。
41. D细节理解题
根据第一段第四行“This means that when they don’t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone”. 意为这意味着当他们不知道单词的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕。
42. A 细节理解题
根据第二段作者的话“Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of
books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean.”“,but I want you to read them only for pleasure.” 意为“现在我要说一些关于阅读的事情，你可能从来没有听说过一个老师说。我希望你读很多书，但今年，我想让你读书只为乐趣。我不想问你问题，是否理解文章。如果你足够理解一个喜欢这本书，想去读它，这对我来说已经足够了。我也不想问你单词的意思。” 在这里enjoyment，enjoy和pleasure是同义词。
45. B细节理解题
【考点定位】 这是一篇记叙文。
【名师点睛】 记叙文的文章相对而言是比较容易做的，但需要的是一个细心。答案都是在文章中可以找到，必须一个一个选项匹配排除，最终才能够得出最佳答案。being made to read。
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs.
36
, buy the best-fitting running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit.
37
. As always, you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day.
38
, it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.
39
. After two weeks, start timing yourself.
40
. Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
After six days
For a good marathon runner
Before you begin your training
With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
If they still feel good, you can begin running in them
Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
Now you are ready out a goal of improving distance and time
【答案】
36. C
37. E
38. A
39. D
40. G
38. A考查对上下文的理解。上文提到练习的第一周怎么做，下文提到第二周，所以这里应该是After six days，练习一周后稍做休息，一周是6天，故选A。
39. D考查对上下文的理解。这里在讨论逐渐加长跑步的距离，每天增加一定的距离才合理，故选D With each day, increase the distance by a half mile。
【考点定位】生活类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是给体育锻炼提建议。这是七选五短文常考的类型。这类题的思路清楚，考生容易把握文章的结构，为填充缺失的信息打下好的基础。本题的首句是关键的理解点。下文都围绕这句展开。所以填对的根据在于正确理解全文和摸清文章的脉络。
12. 【2015·新课标全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Building Trust in a Relationship Again
Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, 36 .
Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.
Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37.
It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.
38
having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.
39
If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.
You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.
Learn to really trust yourself.
It is putting confidence in someone.
Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
Remember that you can expect the best in return.
They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.
【答案】
36. B
37. E
38. A
39. C
40. G
【解析】
39. C根据后句If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance.可知此段主要讲述不要认为自己是受害者。故选C。
40. G根据前一句Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life和后一句instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.可知既要看到事情的积极面，也不要忽视所发生的事情。故选G。
【考点定位】议论类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本篇阅读填空题延续了一贯的总分式结构，难度总体适中。第36题主要考查顺承上文，第37题考查前面句的因果关系，第38、39题考查总分关系，第40题考查转折关系。考生解题时一定首先理解文章大意，然后在做题时分析前后句之间的关系，最后要将所选的答案带回原文当中阅读，最终才能选择正确答案。
13.【2015·新课标全国I】完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ __41___ my job. Family to Feed.”
At this store, a __42___ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a __43____ on how bad it must be to have to stand ___44____ in the cold wind.
In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our “friend” there would ___46___. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a ___47____. I thought about it. We were ___48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49___ from our need instead of our abundance is ___50__ what we need to do! All the kids __51____ something they could do away with for the week.
When we handed him the bag of __52__, he lit up and thanked us with ___53__ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54____his family might need, he burst into tears.
This has been a wonderful ___55__ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can __56___! Things would have played out so __57____ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have ___58___ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in __59___, it also gave my kids the __60____ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.
41.
A. Lost
B. Changed
C. Quit
D. Finished
42.
A condition
B. place
C. sight
D. show
43.
A. suggestion
B. comment
C. decision
D. call
44. A. outside
B. proudly
C. by
D. angrily
45.
A. draw
B. say
C. arrange
D. pick
46.
A. order
B. supply
C. appreciate
D. discover
47.
A. dollar
B. job
C. hot meal
D. gift card
48.
A. easy
B. low
C. soft
D. loose
49.
A. giving
B. saving
C. spending
D. begging
50.
A. yet
B. even
C. still
D. just
51.
A. declared
B. shared
C. ignored
D. expected
52.
A . toys
B. medicine
C. food
D. clothes
53.
A. sleepy
B. watery
C. curious
D. sharp
54.
A. whoever
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
55.
A. experience
B. example
C. message
D. adventure
56.
A. rely on
B. respect
C. learn from
D. help
57.
A. suddenly
B. vividly
C. differently
D. perfectly
58. A. time
B. power
C. patience
D. money
59.
A. fear
B. love
C. need
D. memory
60.
A. strong
B. sweet
C. strange
D. simple
【答案】
41. A42. C43. B44. A45. D46. C47. D48. B49. A50. D51. A52. C53. B54. B55. A56. D57. C58. D59. C60. B
【解析】
试题分析：文章讲述了在周末作者带孩子们去超市，在路上看到一个需要帮助的人。在超市里作者和孩子买了许多东西给这个需要帮助的人。从此以后，作者和孩子帮助更多需要帮助的人。
44．A 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. outside在外；B. proudly自豪地；C. by通过；D. angrily生气地。根据常识可知是站在外面，故用outside。选A。
45．D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. draw拉；B. say说；C. arrange安排；D. pick选择。在商店里，我要求每一个孩子挑选一些他们认为我们“朋友”可能会需要的东西。故选D。
46．C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. order命令；B. supply提供；C. appreciate感激；D. discover发现。孩子们挑选出这个“朋友”可能会喜欢并感激的礼物。故选C。
47．D 考查动名词以及对语境的理解。A. dollar美元；B. job工作；C. hot meal热餐；D. gift card礼物卡。根据下文提示可知，我17岁的孩子建议给他一张礼物卡。选D。
48．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. easy容易的；B. low低的；C. soft柔软的；D. loose松的。根据下句的意思可知“我们身上所带现金不多”，low意思“少，低”。选B。
49．A 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. giving给予；B. saving节省；C. spending 花费；D. begging恳求。有的时候，给予是我们需要做些什么，而不是在于我们给予多少。选A。
50．D 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. yet然而；B. even甚至；C. still任然；D. just刚刚。仅仅是我们需要做些什么。选D。
55．A 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. experience经历；B. example例子；C. message信息；D. adventure冒险。这对我们家庭是一次极好的经历。选A。
56．D 考查动词及短语以及对语境的理解。A. rely on依靠；B. respect尊敬；C. learn from从……学到；D. help帮助。多少天来，孩子们一直在寻找我们能够帮助的其他人。选D。
57．C 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. suddenly突然；B. vividly生动地；C. differently 不同地；D. perfectly完美地。事情变得得如此的不同。 选C。
58．D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. time时间；B. power权力；C. patience耐心；D. money金钱。我们真的不需要给更多的钱。所以选D。
59．C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. fear害怕；B. love爱；C. need需要；D. memory记忆。in need在危难中。走出去不仅仅帮助在危难中的兄弟。选C。
60．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. strong强壮的；B. sweet甜的；C. strange奇怪的；D. simple简单的。也给予我孩子们帮助他人的甜蜜的滋味。选B。
【考点定位】记叙类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。考查侧重对文章的理解，少量考查语法结构，如54题。有难度的有48题、51题和60题，需要联系上下文进一步理解，才能做出正确的判断。考生做题时需要理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。最后再将所选好的答案带到原文当中，将整个文章再读一遍，才能保证答案的准确性。
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Dad had a green comb. He bought it when he married Mum.
Every night, he would hand me his
26
and say, “Good girl, help Daddy clean it, OK?”
I was
27
to do it. At age five , this dull task brought me such
28
. I would excitedly turn the tap
29
and brush the comb carefully. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would happily return the comb to Dad. He would
30
affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.
Two years later, Dad started his own
31
, which wasn’t doing so well. That was when things started to
32
.
Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to. Mum and I became
33
with him for placing our family in trouble. With
34
, an uncomfortable silence grew between us.
After my graduation, Dad’s business was getting back on track. On my 28th birthday, Dad came home
35
.
As usually I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said ,“Hey, would you help me
36
my comb?” I looked at him a while, then
37
the comb and headed to the sink.
It hit me then: why, as a child,
38
Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure. That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to
39
the evening with Mum and me. It
40
a happy and loving family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He smiled at me and
41
placed his comb on his wallet. But this time , I noticed something
42
. Dad had aged. He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled,
43
his smile was still as
44
as before, the smile of a father who just wanted a good
45
for his family.
26. A. bag
B. wallet
C. comb
D. brush
27. A. annoyed
B. relieved
C. ashamed
D. pleased
28. A. joy
B. sadness
C. courage
D. pain
29. A. out
B. over
C. in
D. on
30. A. stare
B. smile
C. shout
D. laugh
31. A. family
B. business
C. task
D. journey
32. A. progress
B. change
C. improve
D. form
33. A.satisfied
B. delighted
C. mad
D. strict
34. A. time
B. patience
C. speed
D. ease
35. A. occasionally
B. early
C. frequently
D. rarely
36. A. sharply
B.
repair
C. clean
D. keep
37. A. dropped
B. took
C. handed
D. threw
38. A. watching
B. letting
C. helping
D. hearing
39. A. find
B.
lose
C. waste
D. spend
40. A. affected
B. broke
C. meant
D. supported
41. A. firmly
B. hurriedly
C. casually
D. carefully
42. A. different
B. exciting
C. interesting
D. urgent
43. A. for
B. or
C. so
D. yet
44. A. convincing
B. heartwarming
C. cautious
D. innocent
45. A. origin
B. life
C. reputation
D. education
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍作者小时候帮爸爸清理梳子，虽然枯燥，但是她很高兴这样做。经过一些变迁，作者领悟到自己喜欢这样做，是希望爸爸早些回来陪伴家人。爸爸也希望家人过得幸福。
26．C考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．bag包；B．wallet钱包；C．comb梳子；D．brush刷子。根据第一句中的“Dad had a green comb”可知答案选C。
30．B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．share分享；B．smile微笑；C．shout叫喊；D．laugh笑。上文介绍作者高兴地接受爸爸的任务，将梳子清理干净，爸爸当然会笑了。故选B。
31．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．family家庭；B．business商业；C．task任务； D．journey旅程。根据下文的句子Dad’s business was getting back on track,可知这里是说爸爸自己创业。故选B。
32．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．progress进步；B．change改变；C．improve提高；D．form形式。根据下文的：Dad didn’t come home as early and as much as he used to,可知事情发生了变化。选B。
33．C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．satisfied满意的；B．delighted高兴的；C．mad疯狂的，生气的； D．strict严格的。建议：我和我妈妈因为他使家庭陷入困境对他生气。选C。
34．A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．time时间；B．patience耐心；C．speed速度； D．ease轻松。随着时间的过去，一种不舒服的沉默在我们之间滋长。选A。
35．B 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A．occasionally偶然地；B．early早地；C．frequently频繁地；D．rarely罕见地。根据下文的：Dad was home early可知在作者过生日的时候，爸爸早早回来了。选B。
36．C考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．sharpen削尖；B．repair修理；C．clean打扫；D．keep保持。根据上文的：help Daddy clean it，可知爸爸这次又让作者帮他清理梳子。选C。
37．B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．drop扔掉，掉落；B．take拿；C．hand递；D．throw扔掉。作者看了爸爸一会，拿上梳子，走向水池，选B。
38． C 考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A．watch观看；B．let让；C．help帮助；D．hear听见。根据上文的：help Daddy clean
it，可知作者小时候经常帮助爸爸清理梳子。选C。
42．A 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．different不同的；B．exciting令人兴奋的；C．interesting有趣的； D．urgent紧急的。根据下文的：Dad has aged.可知作者注意到不同的事情。 选A。
43．D 考查连词以及对语境的理解。A．for因为；B．or或者；C．so因此；D．yet然而。他微笑的时候眼睛周围有皱纹，然而他的微笑还是和以前一样暖心，所以选D。
44．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．convincing令人幸福的；B．heartwarming暖心的；C．cautious谨慎的；
D．innocent天真的。根据上文的句子：He would ___ affectionately at me and place the comb on his wallet.可知爸爸看着女儿的微笑是温暖人心的，选B。
45．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．origin起源；B．life生活；C．reputation名声；D．education教育。这是希望家人过幸福生活的爸爸的微笑。选B。
【考点定位】人生百味类完形填空
【名师点睛】这篇文章体现了父女之间，家人之间爱的传递。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿整个文章。文章一个明显的特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them
36
side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud
37
filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning,
38
, their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a
39
under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all
40
people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their
41
and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and
42
everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a
43
instead? Dario asked.
They both loved the
44
. Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts
45
their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party
46
. Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to
47
. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert,
48
Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I
49
that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”
Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we
50
you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t
51
how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such
52
music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be
53
to play them in the evening.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to
54
the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of
55
and made him feel that they were home at last.
36.A. sat
B. stood
C. lay
D. walked
37.A. voice
B. ring
C. music
D. cry
38.A. therefore
B. however
C. otherwise
D. instead
39.A. note
B. poster
C. bill
D. report
40.A. proud
B. rich
C. lucky
D. nice
41.A. neighbors
B. friends
C. relatives
D. audience
42.A. blame
B. instruct
C. question
D. visit
43.A. party
B. concert
C. show
D. play
44.A. experience
B. idea
C. performance
D. action
45.A. to
B. with
C. for
D. from
46.A. continued
B. arrived
C. passed
D. finished
47.A. order
B. sell
C. share
D. advertise
48.A. treated
B. presented
C. helped
D. served
49. A. promised
B. admitted
C. agreed
D. worried
50. A. give
B. send
C. offer
D. owe
51. A. realize
B. remember
C. understand
D. accept
52. A. sweet
B. strange
C. funny
D. loud
53. A. brave
B. sorry
C. happy
D. afraid
54. A. changing
B. practicing
C. recording
D. writing
55. A. equality
B. freedom
C. warmth
D. sympathy
【解析】
37. C 考查名词辨析。A. voice声音；B. ring铃声；C. music音乐；D. cry哭声。考查前文细节jazzmusic的原词复现，是音乐充满了房间。故选C。
38. B 考查副词辨析。A. therefore因此，所以；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. instead代替。通过上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和下文的幸福一下子disappeared的强烈对比可知，本处需要一个逻辑关系为转折的副词，故选B。
39. A 考查名词辨析。A. note笔记；B. poster海报；C. bill账单；D. report报告。本题是一道同义词复现题，通过文章倒数第5段处得知，是由Mrs.Gilbert留了一张字条，故选A。
40. D 考查形容词辨析。A. proud骄傲的，自豪的；B. rich富裕的；C. lucky幸运的；D. nice美好的，愉快的。主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，由转折词But可知管理者也并不能指出，由此可知大家通常都是通情达理的，故选D。
41. A 考查名词辨析。A. neighbors邻居们；B. friends朋友们；C. relatives亲属，亲戚；D. audiences听众。此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选A。
45.
C
考查介词辨析。A. to到；B. with伴随着；for为了；D. from来自。
母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词for有表“为了”的含义，故选C。
46.B
考查动词辨析。A. continue继续；B. arrive到达；C. pass通过；D. finish完成。根据上文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选B。
47.C
考查动词辨析。A. order命令，点菜；B. sell买；C. share分享；D. advertise做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享，故选C。
48.
B
考查动词辨析。A. treat招待，治疗；B. present呈现；C. help帮助；D. serve为……服务。这道题有难度，根据本句话的意思：Mrs.Gilbert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出“送”这个动作的，就是present“呈现…，给…”，故选B。
49. D 考查动词辨析。A. promise承诺；B. admit许可进入；C. agree同意；D. serve服务。根据题意，Mrs.Gilbert之所以留了一张抱怨小纸条是担心每天晚上都会这么吵，故选D。
50. D 考查动词辨析。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer提供；D. owe感激，欠……债。这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb. an apology 应该向某人道歉。故选D。
51. A 考查动词辨析。A. realize意识到；B. remember记起；C. understand 理解，懂的；D. accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择“意识到”这个动词，故选A。
55．C
考查名词辨析。A. quality品质；B. freedom自由；C. warmth温暖；D. sympathy同情心。看本句话后半部分：and made him feel that they were home at last. 如在家中一样，那就应该感受到了温暖，故选C。
【考点定位】故事类阅读
【名师点睛】文章讲述了“由于弹钢琴打扰邻居休息，作者邀请邻居到家里聚会并道歉，进而得到了邻居的谅解”。文章脉络清晰难度适中，场景也并不陌生。考生只要真正读懂文章，并牢牢把握上下索可。题目考查数量为动词9题，名词6题，形容词3题，副词1题，介词1题。考生在答题时，名词类题目需重点关注复现及上下文对应，动词题需关注动作的先后顺序及与其他词性的搭配，形容词与副词题即需要关注对应的感情色彩，所以做好完形填空需要注重细节问题。
20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all
41
places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want
42
somewhere else instead. I had the
43
of seeing this first hand on a
44
.
My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did well this season and so
45
a tournament, which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some
46
experiences on Saturday as they played against teams
47
trained. Through the first two games, her
48
did not get one serious shot on goal. As a parent, I
49
seeing my daughter playing her best,
50
still defeated.
It seemed that something clicked with the
51
between Saturday and Sunday. When they
52
for their Sunday game, they were
53
different. They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had
54
the day before into their
55
. They played aggressively and
56
scored a goal.
It
57
me that playing against the other team was a great
58
moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle.
59
is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be
60
what they would have gotten in school, but are certainly more personal and meaningful, because they had to work them out on their own.
41. A. public
B. traditional C. official D. special
42. A. passes B. works
C. lies
D. ends
43. A. dream
B. idea C. habit D. chance
44. A. trip
B. holiday C. weekend D. square
45. A. won B. entered
C. organized D. watched
46. A. painful B. strange
C. common D. practical
47. A. less B. poorly C. newly
D. better
48. A. fans B. tutors
C. class
D. team
49. A. imagined
B. hated C. avoided D. missed
50. A. if
B. or
C. but D. as
51. A. girls
B. parents C. coaches
D. viewers
52. A. dressed
B. showed up
C. made up
D. planned
53. A. slightly
B. hardly C. basically
D. completely
54. A. seen
B. known C. heard
D. read
55. A. styles
B. training C. game D. rules
56. A. even B. still C. seldom
D. again
57. A. confused
B. struck
C. reminded D. warned
58. A. touching
B. thinking C. encouraging
D. learning
59. A. Experience
B. Independence
C. Curiosity D. Interest
60. A. harmful to
B. mixed with
C. different from
D. applied to
【解析】
试题分析：本文通过看女儿参加的一场足球锦标赛，给我们启发，学校里的学习很重要，但是亲身经历和实践是更好的学习和老师。
41. B考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. public公众的；B. traditional传统的；C. official官方的；D. special特别的; 我们通常会在学校向老师或朋友学习。根据常识可知，这里提到的应该是传统教育方式。故选B。
45. B 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. won赢；B. entered进入；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。从下文可知，女儿所在的足球队打得好所以进入了锦标赛。故选B。
46. A考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. painful痛苦的；B. strange奇怪的；C. common普通的；D. practical 实用的。由语境可知，对手比作者女儿的队better trained，可以推断这将是一场痛苦的比赛。故选A。
47. D考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. less少于；B. poorly差的；C. newly新的；D. better更好的。 根据常识可知，进入锦标赛的一般都是训练更好的队伍。故选D。
48. D考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. fans粉丝；B. tutors教练；C. class班；D. team队。根据上下文可知，是女儿所在的足球队没进球得分。故选D。
49. B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. imagined想象；B. hated不喜欢； C. avoided避免；D. missed想念，错过。作为家长，一般都不会喜欢看自己的孩子尽力了，又要输。故选B。
50. C考查连词以及对语境的理解。A. if 如果；B. or或者；C. but但是；D. as因为。根据上文可知，没进球，自己的孩子尽力了却要输，这是作为家长所不愿意看到的。表转折，故选C。
51. A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. girls女孩；B. parents家长；C. coaches教练；D. viewers观众。本文一直在说女儿，当然应该是说女孩子们的变化。故选A。
52. B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. dressed给……穿衣服；B. showed up出现；C. made up编造；D. planned计划。从下文可知，周日和周六的表现完全不同。故选B。
53. D考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. slightly轻微地；B. hardly几乎不；C. basically基本地；D. completely完全地；根据后面文章可知，这些孩子们表现和之前完全不同，completely符合语境。选C。
57. B考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. confused使困惑；B. struck击打；C. reminded提醒； D. warned警告。It strike sb.是固定句式，意思是让某人突然想到，符合语境。故选B。
58. D考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. touching接触；B. thinking思考；C. encouraging鼓励；D. learning学习。和另一个队比赛也是一个很好的学习的机会。和文章的开头相呼应。故选B。
59. A考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Experience经历；B. Independence独立；C. Curiosity好奇；D. Interest兴趣。结合全文的意思可知，经历是最好的老师。故选A。
60. C考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. harmful to对……有伤害；B. mixed with混合；C. different from不同；D. applied to应用于。亲身体验得到的东西和在学校里学到的可能不同，但是更有个性有意义。故选C。
【考点定位】教育类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的短文。这样的短文是大多数考生难以把握的。不过，这样的文章通常在开头和结尾处点睛，评论。中间叙事。以第三人称的形式转述，一定会有个人的观点包括在内。所以考生要认真分析是什么事引发了怎样的思考或评论，即事件和议论是两条线。另外平时多做多分析一些这类题会有很大的帮助。
17.【2015·湖北】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Daily Star, sir” called Jason, carrying some newspapers under his arm. The little boy had been running up and down the street, but there were still twenty _31__left. His voice was almost gone and his heart was _32__. The shops would soon close, and all the people would go home. He would have to go home too, carrying the papers __33_ money. He had hoped to sell more papers tonight to make more money to buy a __34_ for his mother and some seeds for his bird. That was why he had bought the papers with all his money. He _35__ as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.
“You don’t know the __36_ of selling papers. You must shout, “Hot news! Bomb bursting!” another newsboy Chad told Jason. “_37__ it’s not in the paper at all,” replied Jason. “Just run away quickly __38__ they have time to see, and you’ll __39_ out and get your money,” Chad said.
It was a new _40__to Jason. He thought of his bird with no __41_ and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was __42_ that he would not tell a lie. Though he was _43__ a poor newsboy, he had been _44__ some good things.
The next afternoon Jason went to the office for his papers _45__. Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a __46_ smile that he sold six dozen the day before. He added that Jason__47_money because he would not tell a lie. The boy _48__ at Jason. “You wouldn’t tell a lie yesterday, my boy?” A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason’s shoulder__49_.”You’re just the boy I am looking for.” A week later Jason started his new __50_. He lost sale of twenty papers because he would not tell a lie, but got a well-paid job because he told the truth.
31.A. shops
B. coins
C. people
D. papers
32.A. open
B. heavy
C. pure
D. weak
33.A. instead of
B.in return for
C. regardless of
D. in exchange for
34.A. cup
B. card
C. comb
D. cake
35.A. gave in
B. broke down
C. got away
D. showed up
36.A. difficulty
B. process
C. goal
D. secret
37.A. And
B. But
C. For
D. So
38.A. before
B. since
C. though
D. unless
39.A. call
B. drop
C. sell
D. reach
40.A. edition
B. idea
C. policy
D. task
41.A. bread
B. insects
C. seeds
D. water
42.A. concerned
B. amazed
C. excited
D. determined
43.A. still
B. already
C. just
D. also
44.A. taught
B. handed
C. awarded
D. allowed
45.A. at once
B. by chance
C. as usual
D. on purpose
46.A. proud
B. gentle
C. warm
D. polite
47.A. borrowed
B. lost
C. made
D. saved
48.A. laughed
B. shouted
C. nodded
D. started
49.A. bravely
B. grateful
C. fondly
D. modestly
50.A. duty
B. business
C. job
D. method
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。和其他卖报郎不同，Jason不愿通过谎称报纸上有热点资讯的方法卖更多报纸，挣更多钱，而是一直坚守着诚信，最终赢得了邮局里一位绅士的认可，并获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。
34.D考查名词。根据下文“…and the cake he wanted to buy…”可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食。A项“茶杯”；B项“卡片”；C项“梳子”；D项“蛋糕”。故选D项。
35.B考查动词短语。句意：当他想到没能卖完报纸，他一下子垮掉了。A项“让步，屈服”；B项“精神崩溃”；C项“离开，逃走”；D项“出现，露面”。故选B项。
36.D考查名词。句意：你不知道卖报纸的秘诀。你必须大喊：“热点资讯！爆炸资讯！”A项“困难”；B项“过程”；C项“目标”；D项“秘诀”。故选D项。
37.B考查连词。句意：“（事实上）报纸上根本就没有。”此处语义与上文转折，故用转折连词but。A项表示承接；B项表示转折；C项表示原因；D项表示结果。故选B项。
38.A考查连词。句意：在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉。A项“在……之前”；B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。故选A项。
39.C考查动词。句意：你就会把报纸卖完，拿到钱。A项call out“大声叫喊”；B项“退学，退出”；C项sell out“卖完”；D项reach out“伸出（手）”。故选C项。
40.句意：这对Jason来说是个新主意。A项 “版本”；B项“主意，想法”；C项“政策”；D项“任务”。故选B项。
41.C考查名词。根据上文“…he wanted to buy a _34_ for his mother and some seeds for his bird”可知，此处意为“没有鸟食”。A项 “面包”；B项“昆虫”；C项“鸟食”；D项“水”。故选C项。
46.A考查形容词。句意：好几个男孩都簇拥着Chad，他面带微笑，自豪地宣称：前一天他卖了72份报纸。A项 “自豪的”；B项“温和的”；C项“温暖的”；D项“有礼貌的”。故选A项。
47.B考查动词。句意：他补充说道Jason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项 “借”；B项“失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。故选B项。
48.A考查动词。句意：男孩们都对Jason嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎？”。A项 “嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”；C项“点头”；D项“盯着看”。故选A项。
49.C考查副词。句意：邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了Jason的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”A项 “勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。故选C项。
50.C考查名词。根据下文可知，Jason获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。A项 “责任，义务”；B项“生意”；C项“工作”；D项“方法”。故选C项。
【考点定位】阅读。
【名师点睛】讲述的是一个小报童因诚实亏钱，后又因诚实获得好工作的跌宕起伏的故事树人价值导向20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
My fiance (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were
16
, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.
One agent
17
a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was
18
our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look
19
.
We finally did and it was
20
at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and
21
of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of
22
it would be like to live there.
Days later, we made a(n)
23
—far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn’t
24
us. They renewed their offer
25
. It was also much more than we could afford, but far
26
than the original asking price.
The next day, we got a
27
message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the
28
directly. We made our final offer, which
29
was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer’s bid. We knew it,
30
we had to try.
“Sold!” said the owner. Then he
31
: He’d seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we’d
32
the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a
33
by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the
34
in the price “an early wedding present.”
That’s how we found our home and how I learned that when people are
35
they are not strangers, only friends we haven’t yet met.
16.
A. needed
B. limited
C. enough
D. large
17.
A. recommended
B. decorated
C. sold
D. rented
18. A. below
B. within
C. beyond
D. between
19. A. at least
B. at most
C. at times
D. at hand
20. A. relief
B. concern
C. love
D. curiosity
21.
A. pride
B. happiness
C. challenge
D. desire
22.
A. which
B. why
C. that
D. what
23. A. effort
B. offer
C. promise
D. profit
24.
A. come across
B. look after
C. depend on
D. laugh at
25. A. instead
B. indeed
C. aside
D. apart
26. A. worse
B. better
C. less
D. higher
27. A. relaxing
B. disappointing
C. pleasant
D. regular
28. A. agents
B. buyers
C. managers
D. owners
29. A. already
B. still
C. generally
D. ever
30.
A. so
B. or
C. for
D. but
31. A. apologized
B. complained
C. criticized
D. explained
32. A. check
B. analyze
C. appreciate
D. ignore
33. A. loss
B. risk
C. chance
D. lead
34. A. increase
B. difference
C. interest
D. average
35. A. kind
B. polite
C. smart
D. energetic
18．C 考查介词以及对语境的理解。A．below在……下面；B．within在……里面；C．beyond超过；D．between在……之间。根据后句so we declined.可知价格超过了我们的范围。故选C。
19．A 考查短语以及对语境的理解。A．at least至少；B．at most至多；C．at times有时；D．at hand在附近。但她不停的催促我们至少去看一看。选A。
20．C 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．relief欣慰；B．concern关注；C．love爱；D．curiosity好奇。根据后句It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake.可知我们对此房一见钟情。故选C。
21．B 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．pride 自豪；B．happiness快乐；C．challenge挑战； D．desire要求。我们感到温馨与快乐。故选B。
22．D 考查名词性从句以及对语境的理解。A．which哪一个；B．why为什么；C．that那个；D．what什么。宾语从句中be like缺少宾语，故用关系词what。选D。
26．C 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．worse更糟的；B．better更好的；C．less更少的；D．higher更高的。但比原来的要价要少得多。选C。
27．B 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A．relaxing轻松的；B．disappointing令人失望的；C．pleasant令人愉快的；D．regular有规律的。第二天，我们得到一个令人失望的消息。选B。
28． D 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．agents代理人；B．buyers买方；C．managers经理；D．owners物主。因此，我们决定直接跟房东谈。选D。
29．B 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A．already已经；B．still任然；C．generally普遍地； D．ever曾经。我们做出最终的价格，任然比其他买家出价少很多。故选B。
30．D 考查连词以及对语境的理解。A．so如此；B．or或者；C．for为了；
D．but但是。前后句为转折关系，故用连词but。选D。
31．D 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．apologized道歉；B．complained抱怨；C．criticized指责；D．explained解释。后面为房主解释的内容。选D。
32．C 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A．check检查；B．analyze分析；C．appreciate感激；欣赏； D．ignore忽视。其原因是我们欣赏他们投入家庭多年的努力。 选C。
33．A 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A．loss损失；B．risk冒险；C．chance机会；D．lead带领。根据上下文可知把房子卖给我们他将会有损失，所以选A。
【考点定位】记叙类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。文章逻辑性较强，只要读懂文章大意，基本能选出正确答案。考生做此完形填空时，要充分理解文章大意，特别注重语境的理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。极个别题目，如22题考查的是语法结构，考生要从语法结构上分析此题。
19.【2015·福建】完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be 36 when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I 37 a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always 38 by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and 39 was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really 40 person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her 41 Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost 42 to deal with was that the day before the 43 , Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her 44 of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to 45 It wasn't until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became 46 her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to 47 everything so harshly ( 刻薄) . She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her 48 as well.
Perhaps most of us aren't as extreme at fault-finding, 49 when we're honest, we can be sharply 50 of
the world. I'm not suggesting you 51 problems, or that you pretend things are 52 than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are— 53 most of the time, and especially when it's not a really big 54 .
Train yourself to "bite your tongue" , and with a little 55, you'll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you'll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
36. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy
37. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected
38. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered I). spoiled
39. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
40. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D. surprising
41. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation
42. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible
43. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure
44. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice
45. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit
46. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about
47. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle
48. A. family B. life C. career D. education
49. A. so B. or C. but D. for
50. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical
51. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore
52. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse
53. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far
54. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty
55. A. practice B. speech C. rest D pity
【解析】
37．A考查动词辨析A.received接受；B.answered回答；C.expected期望；D.rejected排斥。几年以前，我收到一个来自17岁女孩kerry的信。故选A
38．C考查动词辨析A.threatened威胁；B.interrupted打扰；C.bothered麻烦；D.spoiled娇惯。这个叫做Kerry的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。故选C
39．D考查不定代词辨析A.anything任何事；B.everything每一件事；C.something某事；D.nothing没有事。人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的，故选D
40．B考查形容词辨析A.caring关心的；B.boring糟糕的；C.interesting有趣的；D.surprising令人惊奇的。 她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常糟糕的人。故选B
44．D考查名词辨析A.memory记忆；B.notice注意；C.evidence证据；D.choice选择。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的…故选D
45．C考查动词辨析A.hear听；B.contribute贡献；C.express表达；D.admit承认、许可。发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的。故选C
46．A考查短语辨析A.aware of注意； B.afraid of担心；C.curious about对…好奇；D.confused about对…迷惑。直到他的朋友受了重伤，Kerry才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。故选A
47．C考查动词辨析A.discuss讨论；B.realize意识到；C.judge评价；D.settle解决。非常快的，她学会了珍惜生命而不是对每件事都很刻薄。
48．B考查名词辨析A.family家庭；B.life生命；C.career事业；D.education教育。她能够将她的新智慧用在她生活的其他方面。故选B
49．C考查介词辨析A.so于是；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.for对于。可能我们中的大多数人都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判世界。故选C
50．D考查形容词辨析A.proud骄傲的；B.sure确定的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.critical批判的。可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。故选D
51．D考查动词辨析A.face面对；B.create创造；C.solve解决；D.ignore忽略。我并不是在建议你无视问题。故选D
55．A考查名词辨析A.practice实践；B.speech演讲；C.rest休息；D.pity遗憾。训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅长放手。故选A
【考点定位】记叙文阅读。
【名师点睛】本文考查说记叙文阅读，要求学生有细节阅读的能力，熟悉掌握各类大纲中要求的词语和短语，并且能够结合已经有的单词以及上下文中给出的暗示判断和猜测空中应缺少词语的意思并且进行选择。同时在解题的时候也要保持着细心和镇定，不要因为空多就头晕眼花。
10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词作斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
One day , little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him drying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said,“How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried. ” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
【答案】
71. parent改为parents
72. on改为in
73. very去掉
74. looks改为looking
75. where改为that 或者去掉 where
76. begun改为began
77. telling改为told
78. a改为the
79. saw后加his
80. terrible改为terribly
【解析】
75. where改为that 或者去掉 where
found后面的宾语从句是陈述句，故where改为that或者去掉where。
76. begun改为began and前后的谓语动词时态要一致，故begun改为began。
77. telling改为told
and前后的谓语动词时态要一致，see和tell是并列谓语，故telling改为told。
78. a改为the
由上下文可知，此处shop是第二次出现，应该用定冠词，故a改为the。
79. saw后加his
由上下文可知，他看到的是他的父母，故 saw后加his。
80. terrible改为terribly
修饰形容词worried要用副词，故 terrible改为terribly。
【考点定位】语法填空。
【名师点睛】通过短短的100多个词，使考生能正确运用各类词和固定搭配，如动词、名词、副词、代词和连词，辨别并改正错误。总的说来，本题都是学生平时书面表达中常见的错误。多读多练习就能找出问题所在，也能对写作有帮助。
21.【2015·新课标全国I】
短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之问交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线( )划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out . We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to do so ,we’ll live to regret it .
【答案】
76. think –thought
77. countryside前加the
78. or—and
79. on—with
80. been去掉
81. seriously—serious
82. airs—air
83. much—many
84. found—find
85. your—our
【解析】
试题分析：作者是孩子的时候，梦想生活在城市。二作者现在生活在城市，却向往着家乡，因为那里更少的污染。
81. seriously—serious句意：全球变暖已经成为严重的问题。词性用法错误。修饰名词，前面用形容词修饰。
82. airs—air 句意：我们呼吸的空气变得越来越脏。名词用法错误。名词air为不可数名词。
83. much—many句意：许多罕见的动物已经消失。名词animal为可数名词，故用many修饰。
84. found—find句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词must后接动词原形。
85. your—our句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。代词用法错误。这里应当是保护我们的环境。
【考点定位】短文改错。
【名师点睛】改错题整体难度适中，文章简单易懂。考点分布均匀，添、删、改比例为1:1:8。重点考查时态、名词的单复数、冠词、连词、副词以及介词的搭配等。考生解此类题型时一般应遵循保持句子原意的原则，即不能改变文章或作者所表达的意思，包括其语气和上下文的逻辑关系。只对短文中的用词错误、语法错误、行文关系错误进行改正，且要小改而不大改。
22.【2015·陕西】短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌系的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（
）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（
），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My soccer coach retired in last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so I decide to ask her for help. Mum taught me some basic step of baking. I insisted on doing most of the baking myself. I thought the biscuits were really well. My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!
【答案】
76.去掉in
77.anything 改为something
78.better改成best
79.decide改成decided
80.step 改为steps
81.well改成good
82.after改成when/while
83.a改为the
84.just后加to
85.enjoy改为enjoying
【解析】
81.句意：我认为这些饼干很好。做表语用形容词，well改成good。
82.句意：我唯一的错误是在我将它们打包的时候将它们掉在地上。after改成when/while
83.这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a改为the。
84.句意：我可能明年要再退休一次，只是想得到更多这样的饼干。用不定式做目的状语。just后加to。
85.句意：我最喜欢的照片是我和我的教练在聚会上开心地享受饼干。of后面接动名词，my coach and me是逻辑主语，enjoy改为enjoying。
【考点定位】考查短文改错
【名师点睛】这篇短文改错是记叙文，短文的内容和学生的日常生活有关。错误之处设置都是平常学生容易错的地方。考查点全面，各种词性都考查到了，也涉及到一些语法知识，如：非谓语动词，时态等。
10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（ʌ），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
每句不超过两个错误；
每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；
3.只允许修改10出，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Hi, Janice,
It's been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the
problems I have been experiencing.
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here. We hang out together during lunch and
after school. We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. It's been three Saturdays
now and it really costs me many. And I started to see this as a time—wasting activity! In fact ,I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship. How do you think I should do? If you are me ,would you talk to him?
Please help with me and give me some advice.
Grace
【答案】
61. 加上to
62. tell--told
63. friend--friends
64. sing--singing
65. many--much
66. so--but
67. How--What
68. are--were
69. him--them
70. 去掉with
【解析】
63. friend—friends 考查名词的复数。名词friend为可数名词，其前有three修饰，需要用复数形式，故把friend改成friends。句意为：我在这儿交了三个新朋友。
64. sing—singing 考查动名词担当宾语。本句考查句型spend…（in）doing sth结构，故把sing改成singing。
65. many—much 考查代词。根据句意，指的是花费很多钱，故用much而非many。句意为：那真的花费很多。
66. so--but 考查连词。上一分句意为：我不想再去；下一分句意为：我怕失去他们的友谊，两个分句之间有转折关系，故把so改成but。
67. How—What 考查疑问词的选择。本句中do之后缺少宾语，表示事情，故用what而非how。注意首字母要大写。
68. are—were 考查虚拟语气。根据句子可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不相符，故把are改成were。句意为：如果你是我,…。
69. him—them 考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用them而非him。句意为：你会和他们说吗？
【考点定位】考查短文纠错
【名师点睛】本篇文章考查学生的短文纠错能力。短文纠错能力考查的范围较广，如各类词类用法和各种语法知识。本篇文章中既考查了词类用法如：61、63、65、66、69、70题，也考查了学生的语法知识如：62、64、67、68，涉及多种语法知识。要求考生要通读全文，把握大意，还要逐读各句才能找出错误所在。
24.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The adobe dwellings (土坯房)
61 （build）by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even
62
most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their
63
(able) to “air condition” a house without
64
( use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat
65
( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough
66
(cool) the house during the hot day;
67
the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle
68
(go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. As
69
(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly
70
thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
【答案】
61.built
62.the
63.ability
64.using
65.slowly
66.to cool
67.at
68.goes
69.natural
70.how
【解析】
试题分析：土坯房比现在的房子好在冬暖夏凉。现代的建筑师都很羡慕这样的房子不用空调就能很好地调节室内的温度，不过关键是这房子的墙的厚度。
66.to cool
形容词加enough后接不定式。
67.at
at the same time是固定词组。
68.goes
根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。
69.natural
形容词做定语修饰名词architects。
70.how
根据句意，应用how修饰形容词thick，连接宾语从句。
【考点定位】语法填空。
【名师点睛】通过阅读完成词形变化以适合文章的内容和上下文的语境。要做对本题，考生在平时应多做语法填空这类的练习以掌握固定句式和词组的在语境中的用法。分析语法是学生的弱项，学生通常是靠语感来完成的。高年级的学生如果掌握好语法，对学好英语，写对句子有很多的好处。
25.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
Yangshuo, China
It was raining lightly when I__61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62__, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_
(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(painting). Instead, I’d headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo__67__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers
_68__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it __69_
(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people _70__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
【答案】
61. arrived
62. before/earlier
63. its
64. that/which
65. paintings
66. by
67. is
68. conducted
69. regularly
70. living
【解析】
66. by 句意：乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。
67. is 句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里表示客观事实，故用一般现在时。
68. conducted句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。
69. regularly 句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词，用副词修饰。
70. living 句意：生活在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。
【考点定位】语法填空。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇游记，难度较易。侧重对语法知识的考查，特别注重时态、名词单复数、介词、副词、非谓语动词以及定语从句等的考查。考生解此类题型时首先理解文章大意，然后判断文章的整体时态，最后根据各空来判断所考查的语法点，依据所学语法写出正确答案。做完之后再整体阅读全文对所填写的答案进行复查。
26.【2015·新课标全国II】书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们国重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：
1. 出发及返回时间；
2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 结语已为你写好。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Lucy,
I’d like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. We’ll go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy. We should be back around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and we’ll wait for you at the gate at 9 in the morning.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明。We’ll also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy.中用了which引导的定语从句和句式spend time doing。此外，还有if从句以及一些短语如invite you to join us，for a visit to，make dumplings等。
【考点定位】考查提纲作文。
【名师点睛】本作文从实际生活出发，以英语的交际性和实用性为目标，兼顾尊老敬老和做志愿者的教育意义。体现了课程标准要求的以知识运用为教学目标的要求。在高三备考时，应该多从把语言作为交流的工具的角度去准备书面表达。
27.【2015·四川】
书面表达（共35分)
假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发贴，.希望有人能帮助她提高普通话（Mandarin）水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
表达给她提供帮助的意愿；
说明你能胜任辅导的理由；
给出讲好普通话的两点建议；
提出你学习英语的具体需求。
注意：
1. 词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称；
Hi Sharon,
This is Li Xia. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarm__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
Hi Sharon,
This is Li Xia. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. I am quite interested in it . I think I’m fit for it. As a student, I have been learning Mandarin for many years. In addition ,I am Chinese, which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life. So I’m quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.
Learning Mandarin takes time, so if you want to learn it well ,you should spend much time practicing Mandarin everyday. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Besides, you can also read some books in Chinese、see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes. Speaking and listening are very important for a language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.
In your post, you say you can teach English as a reward. It is just what I want. I’m eager to improve my English. So, if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin, you can also help me improve my English. We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese, so that we can improve our oral speaking.
Hope for you early reply!
Yours Sincerely
Li Xia
【解析】
【亮点说明】本文要点齐全，结构完整。使用多种句式，如定语从句：I am Chinese, which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life.、表语从句：It is just what I want.等。还使用了大量短语等。
【考点定位】考查提纲类作文
【名师点睛】书面表达考查大家所熟悉的提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来. 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体,故需要准确表达.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。25分）
假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿，要点如下：
栏目介绍；
稿件内容；
稿件长度：约400词；
交稿日期：6月28日前。
注意：
词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯的；
开头语已为你写好。
【答案】
Dear Peter,
I'd like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.
The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students. It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries. Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of American high school students. You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative. 400 words would be fine. Could we have your article before June 28?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种句式和结构。比如It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.运用了过去分词作后置定语， And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals, and the life of American high school students.运用了宾语从句。此外，文章还使用了大量习语和短语，如be popular among, so long as, look forward to , hear from等。
【考点定位】考查提纲作文。
【名师点睛】书面表达考查大家所熟悉的提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来. 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体,故需要准确表达.写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。文中巧妙地使用了一些固定句式和过渡词语，不仅增强了表达效果，而且实现了形式与内容的统一。
29.【2015·陕西】
书面表达（满分30分）
假定你是李华。在校报英语专栏看到了学校“英语文化节”的一则招募启事，请阅读启事，并根据写作要点和写作要求写一封应征邮件。
Volunteers
Wanted
Our annual English Festival, which will be held on June 15-17, 2015, is now looking for 20 student volunteers to provide service for Talent Show, Speech Contest, and English Debate. If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Ms.Chen at
chenlaoshi@aef.com.
写作要点：
1.表示写信意图；
2.陈述应征目的；
3.说明应征条件（性格、能力等）。
写作要求：
1.邮件词数不少于100；
2.开头和结尾部分已写好，不计入总词数；
3.可根据情况增加细节，使行文连贯
4.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
Dear MS Chen ,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Class2, Grade 3. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear MS Chen ,
I’m Li Hua, a student from Class2, Grade 3. I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.
I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, I will be able to improve my organizational ability, communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English in public.
As an outgoing girl, I get along well with my classmates. Besides, I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher. Successfully, I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.
I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations. I will be gratefull if you could give me a kind consideration.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明，而且使用了多种句式和结构。比如I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.运用了so…that…句型，以及定语从句I have lent a helping hand to her in several English activities of my class, which have been appreciated by both teachers and classmates.。此外，文章还使用了大量短语，如apply for the position, as well as, in public, get along well with,,have such a good command of, lent a helping hand to, live up to等。插入语Besides，以及副词Successfully的使用使文章内容更具有层次感，也使语言更加连贯。
【考点定位】考查提纲作文
【名师点睛】这篇作文类似于读写类作文。首先要读懂招募启事，抓住重要信息。再结合提纲写作。内容贴近学生的生活，学生有话讲。也富有实用性。对学生的交际能力也会有所帮助。
25分）
假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。请根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系，并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。
（1）自我介绍；
（2）拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等；
（3）询问对方的其他需求。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）请适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇： 学生会 the Student Union
Dear Chris,
此处不能答题
Yours,
Li Jin
【参考答案】略
【解析】
【考点定位】考查提纲作文。
【名师点睛】书面表达考查大家所熟悉的提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来. 动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题。本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达。考生写完之后要检查是否有语法错误，看能否运用所学的知识将简单句变为复杂句，当然，没有把握的句子不要写。
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