2017届高考英语一轮复习教师用书：必修5（外研版）

　　教师用书

　　Module 1　British and American English

　　.单词—在语境中默写，在联想中积累

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.accent n．口音

　　2.structure n.

　　结构；体系

　　3.present vt. 陈述；提出(观 点、计划等) adj.

　　目前的；到场的；出席的

　　4.attempt n．& v.

　　尝试；努力

　　5.combination n．结合→combine vt.结合

　　6.confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的→confuse vt.使困惑→confused adj.感到困惑的

　　7.compare vt.比较→comparison n．比较；比喻

　　8.variety n．种类→variation n．变化→vary

　　v．改变；使变化→various adj.各种各样的

　　9.differ vi.不同，有区别→difference n．不同；区别→different adj.不同的，有区别的

　　10.simplify vt.简化→simple adj.简单的→simply adv.简单地；仅仅；不过

　　11.criticise vt.批评；评论→critic n．批评家→criticism n．批评；评论，评价

　　12.remark n．& v．评论→remarkable adj.显著的；非凡的 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.The confused look on her face

　　showed she was confused by the confusing question.(confuse)

　　2. From the appearance, we can not tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. As for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)

　　3.He made simple remarks on her remarkable achievements.(remark)

　　4.After he was criticised by the critic,_he realized that criticism was very important.(criticise)

　　5.The book explains grammar simply and clearly, because the author used simple example sentences to simplify abstract concepts.(simple) 1.combine反义词集锦

　　①separate vt.　使分离；使分开

　　②divide v.

　　分开

　　③divorce v.

　　(使)离婚/分离

　　④isolate v.

　　隔离；孤立

　　⑤split vt.

　　分离；使分离

　　2.­ify结尾动词清单

　　①simplify

　　简化

　　identify

　　确定；鉴定；识别

　　electrify

　　使电气化；使充电

　　horrify

　　使恐惧

　　classify

　　分类；分等modify

　　修改，修饰；更改beautify

　　使美丽3.“评论”名词一览remark

　　评论；讲话review

　　回顾；复习；评论criticism

　　批评；评论，评价comment

　　评论；意见；批评

　　Ⅱ.短语—在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.have_..._in_common 有相同的特点

　　2.make_a_difference

　　有影响；使不相同；关系重大；起作用

　　3.be_similar_to

　　与……相似

　　4.lead_to

　　导致；引起

　　5.add_up_to

　　总计

　　6.differ_from

　　和……不同

　　7.get_around

　　四处走动(旅行)

　　8.in_favour_of

　　支持；同意

　　9.refer_to_..._as_...

　　称……为……

　　10.thanks_to

　　多亏；幸亏

　　11.instead_of

　　而不是

　　12.pick_up

　　拾起，捡起；(无意间)学会；接人；收听(广播) 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.Sara went to Africa as a volunteer in order to make_a_difference to the life of the children there.

　　2.As we all know, driving too fast and drunk driving can lead_to a lot of accidents.

　　3.Judging from his expression, I knew he was not in_favour_of my plan.

　　4.Underground railway is being built here. We are sure to take the subway to get_around in the city in no time.

　　5.Thanks_to modern science and technology, people lead a more and more comfortable and richer life. 1.“in＋n.＋of”短语大比拼

　　①in favour of 　支持；同意

　　in view of

　　鉴于，考虑到

　　in memory of

　　纪念……

　　in respect of

　　关于，涉及

　　in terms of

　　就……而言

　　in charge of

　　主管，掌管

　　2.to为介词的短语荟萃

　　pay attention to注意

　　be/get used to

　　习惯于

　　be accustomed to

　　习惯于

　　devote ... to

　　献身于

　　lead to

　　导致

　　refer to

　　参考；指的是

　　stick to

　　坚持

　　object to

　　反对

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it's a torch. 美国人把手电筒称为flashlight，而英国人叫它torch。 while此处表示对比，意为“而，然而”。 东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。There is plenty of rain in the southeast, while there's little in the northwest.

　　2.A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.

　　伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。 由于缺乏独立，目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。For lack of independence, most students have_difficulty_(in)_adapting_to college life at present.

　　3.However, if you turn on CNN, the American TV network, you find newsreaders and weather forecasters all speaking with different accents.

　　然而，如果你打开美国电视网络节目CNN，你会发现资讯播报员和天气预报员操着不同的口音。“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，意为“发现……处于某种状态”。 走进屋内，你会发现所有墙壁正在被粉刷成白色。You could find all the walls being_painted_white when you went into the house.

　　1．compare vt.比较；匹敌；比喻；相比n.比较

　　[教材原句]　Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British)．

　　介词的用法也有所不同，把美国的on the team, on the weekend与英国的in the team, at the weekend比较一下。

　　(1)compare ... with/to ...把……和……相比较

　　compare ... to ...

　　把……比作……

　　compared to/with ...

　　和……相比(通常作状语)

　　(2)beyond/without compare

　　无与伦比，举世无双

　　(3)comparison n.

　　比较；对照；比喻

　　in comparison with

　　与……相比

　　Many parents like comparing their own children with/to their friends' children.

　　许多父母喜欢拿自己的孩子和朋友的孩子进行比较。

　　Compared (compare) with the escaped driver, I am proud of what I did.(2017·湖北高考短文写作)

　　与逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的事情感到骄傲。

　　The young girl, whose beauty was beyond/without compare, eventually got married to a young poor guy.

　　这位美若天仙的女孩最后嫁给了一个穷小子。

　　2．differ vi.不同，有区别

　　[教材原句]　The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation.

　　这两种英语另外两个不同的方面是拼写和发音。

　　(1)differ from ＝ be different from/to与……不同

　　differ in ＝ be different in

　　在……方面不同

　　differ with sb. about/on sth.

　　关于某事与某人意见不同

　　(2)difference n.

　　不同；区别

　　make a difference

　　有影响；重要，要紧

　　tell the difference between ... and ...

　　区分……与……的差别

　　Baker differed with many members of the club on/about the matter of money.

　　在钱的问题上，贝克与许多俱乐部的成员观点不相同。

　　To our surprise, he differs from his twin brother in hobbies.

　　＝To our surprise, he is_different_from/to his twin brother in hobbies.

　　令我们惊讶的是，他和他的孪生哥哥在爱好方面不同。

　　A pair of gloves may be a small thing, but it can make_a_big_difference in winter.

　　一副手套可能是很小的物品，但它在冬天却可以发挥很大的作用。

　　3．present vt.陈述；提出(观点、计划等)；呈现；赠送，颁发，介绍adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，当前的 n．礼物；目前

　　[经典例句]　I knew I had presented her with an impossible task.(朗文P1796)

　　我知道我给了她一项不可能完成的任务。

　　(1)present向某人赠送某物

　　present sb. to sb.

　　正式把某人介绍、引荐给某人

　　(2)be present at

　　出席……

　　(3)at present ＝ at the present time

　　目前，现在

　　On Teachers' Day, my students presented me with some flowers.

　　＝On Teachers' Day, my students presented some flowers to me.

　　教师节那天，我的学生送给我一些花。

　　At_present, more and more people are enjoying Running Man.

　　现在，越来越多的人喜欢《奔跑吧，兄弟》。

　　[名师指津]　present 用作形容词，表示“在场的”时，通常作表语或后置定语；表示“现在的”时，常用作前置定语。

　　[语境串记]　One expert present at the meeting presented me with a book on the present financial crisis as a present.

　　出席会议的一位专家送给我一本关于当前金融危机的书作为礼物。

　　4．confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的

　　[教材原句]　Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be confusing.

　　有时候，同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人困惑。

　　(1)confuse v．使困惑；把……弄糊涂

　　confuse ... with/and ...

　　把……与……混淆

　　(2)confused adj.

　　混乱的；迷惑不解的，感到迷惑的

　　get/be/become confused about

　　对……迷惑不解

　　be confused by

　　被……搞糊涂

　　(3)confusion n.

　　困惑；混淆，混乱

　　in confusion

　　困惑地；困窘地

　　Most of the children are still confused (confuse) about the ending of the film.

　　大部分孩子对这部电影的结尾仍感到困惑不解。

　　Don't confuse him with his brother. They are much alike.

　　别把他与他弟弟混淆了。他们非常相像。

　　[语境串记]　They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused, standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.

　　他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题，把我难住了。我稀里糊涂，茫然地站在那儿，全然不知所措。

　　5．attempt n．努力；尝试；企图vt.试图；企图

　　[经典例句]　All attempts to control inflation have failed.(朗文P113)

　　控制通货膨胀的所有努力都失败了。

　　(1)attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事

　　(2) make an attempt to do/at doing sth.

　　试图做某事

　　at the first attempt

　　第一次尝试

　　①There's no point in attempting (attempt) to present your idea to him — he'll never listen.

　　试图向他提出你的想法是没有用的——他不会听。

　　②She made an attempt to_leave/at_leaving for camping with her classmates but was stopped by her parents.

　　她试图和她的同学动身去野营，但被她的父母拦住了。

　　[熟词生义]　

　　③The young man is being questioned by the court in relation to the attempted murder at present.未遂的

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．She has successfully combined a career and/with bringing up a family.

　　2．Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared (compare) to such art forms as music and painting.

　　3．There are varieties (vary) of goods on the shelves in the supermarket at Christmas.

　　4．There was a confused look on her face when she met with the confusing problem.(confuse)

　　5．The writer's writing style was what people remarked on most at the meeting.

　　6．It is obvious that he was killed.

　　7．He simplified_the_story (简化了故事) so that the children could understand better.

　　8．Please add_up (把……加起来) all the figures to see how much they add_up_to (总计)．

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．present面面观

　　(1)写出下面句中present的词性及含义

　　The chairman ①presented a ②present to all the people ③present and ④presented his opinions on the ⑤present situation.

　　答案：vt.颁发，赠送　②n.礼物　③adj.出席的，在场的

　　④vt.陈述　⑤adj.现在的，当前的

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　All of us must be_present_at (出席) the meeting in the afternoon. The boss will present_the_new_manager_to_us (向我们介绍新经理). After that, one of us will present_him_with_flowers/present_flowers_to_him (送给他鲜花). At_present (现在), please vote for the person who will do it.

　　2．attempt点点练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①They made an attempt at escaping (escape) but were caught by the police.

　　②Not many people can answer this question at the first attempt.

　　(2)句型转换

　　③The boy attempted to jump over the fences.

　　→The boy attempted at jumping over the fences.

　　④He attempted at passing the exam, but he failed in the end.

　　→He made an attempt at passing/to pass the exam, but he failed in the end.

　　3．differ万花筒

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①The student differed with the teacher on/about the answer to the question.

　　②This picture is different from that one. Compare them and tell the difference between them.

　　(2)一句多译

　　美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。

　　③There_are_many_differences_between_Americans_and_Chinese_in_managing_time.(difference)

　　④Americans_and_Chinese_differ_greatly_in_managing_time.(differ in)

　　⑤Americans_differ_from_Chinese_greatly_in_managing_time.(differ from)

　　⑥Americans_are_very_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出move的词性和词义

　　(A)vt.使感动 (B)vi.活动，移动

　　(C)vi.搬家

　　(D)n.移动，挪动

　　(E)n.行动，步骤

　　1．You mustn't get off the train while it's still moving.__B__

　　2．My parents kept on moving because of my father's job.__C__

　　3．The child's suffering moved us to tears.__A__

　　4．He said he was starting his own company, which sounded like a smart move.__E__

　　5．The robber said that if any of us made a move he would shoot.__D__

　　1．have ... in common 有相同的特点

　　[教材原句]　We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except of course, language.

　　现在除了语言外我们和美国一样了。

　　(1)have a lot/much/a great deal in common with

　　与……有很多共同之处

　　have nothing/little in common with

　　与……没有/很少有共同之处

　　(2)in common with

　　与……一样

　　(3)common sense/knowledge

　　常识

　　①Adam and Max hardly knew what to talk about because they had so little in common.

　　亚当和马克斯几乎不知道谈什么，因为他们很少有共同之处。

　　②In_common_with a lot of other countries, we're facing a lot of economic challenges.

　　同许多别的国家一样，我们正面临着很多经济挑战。

　　2．lead to 引起，导致，通向

　　[高考佳句]　Indeed, pain is your body telling you something's wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. (2017·重庆高考阅读B)

　　实际上，疼痛是你的身体在告诉你出了差错，继续锻炼可能导致严重受伤。

　　lead sb. to do sth.使得/诱导某人做某事

　　lead sb. to ...

　　领某人去……

　　lead/live a(n) ... life

　　过……的生活

　　lead the way

　　引路；带路

　　①Not far away there is a bridge that can lead_him_to the tree for more fruit.

　　那儿不远处有一座桥，可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。

　　②I want to know what led you to_take (take) up acting as a career.

　　我想知道是什么让你开始从事演艺事业的。

　　[名师指津]　除lead to外，常见的表示“引起，导致”的词汇还有：cause, result in, bring about等。

　　3．A Londoner has_more_difficulty_understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.

　　伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人说话比听懂纽约人说话更难。

　　句中使用了have difficulty (in) doing sth.结构，意为“做某事有困难”。difficulty前可用some, any, no, little等词来修饰。表示“做某事有困难”还有如下结构：

　　have difficulty with sth.

　　have trouble/problems in doing sth.

　　have a hard time in doing sth.

　　there's difficulty/trouble

　　①Most parents have difficulty (in) communicating (communicate) with their children.

　　大部分父母在与孩子沟通交流方面有困难。

　　②I have a hard time (in) paying attention in class.

　　在课堂上，我很难集中精力。

　　③For me, there is no difficulty/trouble (in)_finishing_the_task in two days.

　　对于我来说，在两天之内完成这项任务是毫无困难的。

　　[名师指津]　在考查句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.时，difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语成为have doing形式。试比较：

　　You can't imagine the difficulty/trouble we had getting in touch with him.(√)

　　You can't imagine the difficulty/trouble we had got in touch with him.(×)

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/句型转换

　　①I have to finish my work instead of going out.

　　②The light was dark, but there was no difficulty recognizing (recognize) her.

　　③Not until my first book was put on the top 10 list did I know writing could really make a difference in my life.

　　④All the people voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.

　　⑤Cats and tigers are animals of the cat family, so cats are similar to tigers in many ways.

　　⑥Everyone in this city knew him, so we found his house without difficulty.

　　→Everyone in this city knew him, so we had no difficulty finding his house.

　　2．运用所学短语、句型完成片段

　　As we all know, British English ①differs_from (与……不同) American English in some aspects, such as spelling and pronunciation. These differences do ②make_a_difference (有影响) to the new English learners. The differences also ③lead_to (导致) their confusion when they present their ideas in English. They don't know which one to choose between British English and American English. So they ④attempt_to_master (试图掌握) standard English. Actually, British English and American English ⑤have_much_in_common (有许多共同之处). So no matter which one you speak, people speaking English ⑥have_no_difficulty_in (毫无困难) understanding what you say.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．lead相关短语个个清

　　(1)完成句子

　　①As we all know, success lies in hard work while laziness leads_to_failure (导致失败)．

　　②If the operation succeeds, Tom will be able to lead/live_a_normal_life (过上正常的生活)．

　　③The guide led_the_visitors_to (把游客们带到) a shop of souvenirs.

　　(2)一句多译

　　现代科学已给出了明显的证据，吸烟会导致许多疾病。

　　④Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_cause_many_diseases.(cause)

　　⑤Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_lead_to_many_diseases.(lead to)

　　⑥Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_bring_about_many_diseases.(bring about)

　　⑦Modern_science_has_given_clear_evidence_that_smoking_can_result_in_many_diseases.(result in)

　　2．common相关短语多棱镜

　　(1)介词填空

　　①We should put aside our differences and discuss the things we have in common.

　　②Generally speaking, the music of one country is quite a lot in common with its culture.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　Judging from ③common_sense/knowledge (常识), ④in_common_with (与……一样) other twins, Lucy should ⑤have_a_lot_in_common_with (与……有很多共同之处) her twin sister Lily in hobbies, but their parents said they ⑥had_little_in_common_with (与……很少有共同之处) each other, which surprised all of us.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．Because of your coming, I think there will be no difficulty in working (work) out the problem soon.

　　2．When compared (compare) with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn't seem high at all.

　　3．Though we completely differ from each other in character, we are still good friends.

　　4．Many people living in the southwest of China have no access to drinkable water at present.

　　5．Tom has_been_preparing (prepare) carefully for the English examination, so that he can be sure of passing it at his first attempt.

　　6．Actually, in common with many boys, Jack likes playing football.

　　7．They voted in favour of the ban on smoking in public areas.

　　8．It will make a big difference whether the opening ceremony becomes a success or not.

　　9．His theory is so confusing that I often get confused about his words.(confuse)

　　10．Be careful about everything, for your carelessness will add to our difficulty.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．When I went into her room, I found her read a book.read→reading

　　2．It rained heavily in the south, caused serious flooding in several provinces.caused→causing

　　3．You can't imagine the difficulty he had passed the exam.passed→passing

　　4．It doesn't make difference to me whether it rains or snows.make后加a

　　5．Compared autumn with other seasons, I like it better.Compared→Comparing

　　6．In common to many other boys, he likes computer games.to→with

　　7．The serious mistake led to the worker fired.fired前加being

　　8．Although she managed to buy some medicine, the instructions on the bottle really made her confusing.confusing→confused

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　At first，we attempted_to_understand (试图理解) the words, but we got_confused (困惑). ①Tom found they were easy to understand. ②He gave us a few sentences to present their usage, which made us understand them easily. Having_compared (比较) them, we found although they were different from each other in usage, they had_something_in_common (有些共同之处). I thought the way to understand them made_a_big_difference (有很大影响)．It was the specific usage of words in the sentences that led_us_to_understand (使我们理解) them, and others agreed with me, too.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)were different→differed

　　(2)agreed with→were_in_favour_of

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构改写句①

　　Tom_found_them_easy_to_understand.

　　(2)用“have difficulty (in) doing ...”结构改写句②

　　He_gave_us_a_few_sentences_to_present_their_usage,_which_made_us_have_no_difficulty_(in)_understanding_them.

　　[课下练高考]

　　阅读理解提速练——练速度

　　(限时：20分钟)

　　A

　　(2016·哈尔滨市第三中学一模)Babies don't learn to talk just from hearing sounds. They are lip­readers too. It happens during the stage when a baby's babbling (咿呀声) gradually changes from unclear voices into that first “mama” or “dada”. The baby in order to do like you has to figure out how to shape their lips to make that particular sound they are hearing, according to developmental psychologist David Lewkowicz of Florida Atlantic University, who led the study.

　　Apparently it doesn't take them too long to absorb the movements that match basic sounds. By their first birthdays, babies start changing back to look you in the eye again. It offers more evidence that quality face­time with babies is very important for speech development more than, say, turning on the latest baby DVD.

　　But Lewkowicz went a step further. He and his student Amy Hansen­Tift tested nearly 180 babies, groups of them at ages 4,6,8,10 and 12 months. How? They showed videos of a woman speaking in English or Spanish to babies of English speakers. They found that when the speaker used English, the 4­month­olds gazed mostly into her eyes. The 6­month­olds spent equal amounts of time looking at the eyes and the mouth. The 8­and 10­month­olds studied mostly the mouth. At 12 months, attention started changing back toward the speaker's eyes.

　　But what happened when these babies accustomed to English heard Spanish? The 12­month­olds studied the mouth longer, just like younger babies. They needed the extra information to recognize the unfamiliar sounds. That fits with research into bilingualism (双语) that shows babies' brains adjust themselves to distinguishing the sounds of their native language over other languages in the first year of life.

　　The continued lip­reading shows the 1­year­olds clearly still are fit for learning. Babies are so hard to study that this is “a fairly heroic data set”， says Duke University cognitive neuroscientist Greg Appelbaum, who found the research so fascinating that he wants to know more.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项科学发现：婴儿不仅仅通过听声音来学习说话，他们还会通过观察说话者的口型来学习讲话。

　　1．According to the first paragraph, babies________.

　　A．might get its voice “mama” by lip­reading

　　B．learn to talk just from hearing the sounds

　　C．like to figure out how to shape their lips

　　D．communicate with parents through gestures

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，婴儿可能会通过读唇的方式发出“mama”的声音。故答案选A。

　　2．What is necessary in developing babies' speech according to Lewkowicz?

　　A．Playing baby DVD nearby.

　　B．Teaching babies to read English.

　　C．Speaking with babies face to face.

　　D．Speaking different languages in front of babies.

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The baby in order to do ...who led the study.”及第二段第三句“It offers more evidence ...important for speech development”可推知，在婴儿的语言发展阶段，跟婴儿面对面讲话是有必要的。故答案选C。

　　3．Which of the following shows the right change of babies' eye gaze according to the text?

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后四句“They found that ...the speaker's eyes.”并结合所给选项可知，A项坐标图符合文中的描述。故答案选A。

　　4．What would be the best title of the text?

　　A．Babies Have Different Methods to Talk

　　B．Babies Try Lip­reading in Learning to Talk

　　C．Babies Are Suitable to Learn Two Languages

　　D．Babies Can Easily Accept Foreign Language

　　解析：选B　标题归纳题。纵观全文，文章主要介绍了一项科学发现：婴儿不仅仅通过听声，还通过观察说话者的口型来学习说话。B项概括了文章主旨。故答案选B。

　　B

　　(2016·烟台二中高三期中考试)

　　“Made in China” has Changed

　　Many shoppers in the West still prize labels, boasting (吹嘘) a product was made in Italy without knowing that a growing number of Italian products come from factories that are Chinese­owned and staffed. The products which were marked “Made in China” gave the buyer an impression of “low pride and low cost, low technology and development”. The statement used to be true, but now it has changed.

　　“Made in China” is becoming a leading part in the world market. China's garment industry (制衣业) has been investing in producing technology and training for decades, and its workforce has collectively gotten better at sewing garments. As a result, the quality of Chinese­made clothes is rising fast. It has been home to a highly­skilled, highly­specialized garment industry, one that supplies even some high­end (高端的) labels and offers the best mix of price, speed, and quality.

　　“If I was to make a basic men's jean, I'd make that in Pakistan，” said Edward Hertzman, co­owner of the trade publication Sourcing Journal. “If I was going to make a fashionable women's garment, I would move to China because their skill set is better, their hand is better, their finishing is better, and they can handle that type of fashion.”

　　Indeed, luxury fashion labels now routinely make things in China. Burberry, Armani, and Prada have all produced things there, because they're still able to get good workmanship at a relatively low price. Even the Japanese brand Visvim, known for its crazy attention to detail, also produces high­end, handmade footwear in China.

　　Despite the rising wages and costs of doing business in China, companies have not walked away. “China is viewed by people who make buying decisions as unique and hard to copy elsewhere，” says Josh Green, CEO of Panjiva.

　　语篇解读：本文是议论文。文章讨论了“中国制造”发生的变化。中国制造从过去的低端、廉价、质量不高正逐渐向现在的高端、价高、质优上转变。

　　5．Which of the following is NOT true about “Made in China”？

　　A．It used to be associated with poor quality.

　　B．It has lost its leading status in the world market.

　　C．Its products are recognized by luxury fashion brands.

　　D．It reflects China's investment in producing technology.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知中国制造现在在世界上正占据着主导地位。故选B。

　　6．Edward Hertzman thinks highly of “Made in China” in such aspects as ________.

　　workers' skills　low prices　advanced technology　a sense of fashion

　　A．

　　C．

　　D．

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段可知Edward Hertzman认为中国制造的优势在于技术娴熟、专业、时尚，中国制造已不是低廉的代名词。

　　7．What is the similarity between Prada and Visvim?

　　A．Both of them are from Japan.

　　B．Neither of them sells at a low price.

　　C．They both make products in China.

　　D．They both produce handmade footwear.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段可知这两种牌子现在都在中国制造产品。

　　8．What can be learned from the last paragraph?

　　A．Doing business in China costs a lot more now.

　　B．Chinese companies are more creative than others.

　　C．Foreign producers want to copy China's success.

　　D．Rising costs stop the interest of foreign companies.

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知现在中国的工资上涨、制造成本增加，这说明，现在在中国做生意成本更高了。

　　C

　　(2016·太原市第二学段测评)The saying “a penny for your thoughts” is an English idiom simply asking people to volunteer their opinions on an issue being discussed. In modern usage, it is often stated as an indirect way of asking what someone is thinking about.

　　This phrase is basically a proposal (提议), and the speaker is offering to pay to hear the listener's thoughts. It is an idiom, of course, and not meant literally (字面上地) so no real payment generally takes place.

　　When the saying originated, a penny was worth a lot more than it is in the 21st century.Therefore, “a penny for your thoughts” likely indicated the thoughts were more valuable to those asking the listener for them than they are by today's standards. This loss of value can be used ironically (讽刺地), however, through tone (语气) of voice; it can be used to indicate that someone's idea is bad or worth a penny in modern value.

　　The phrase is generally credited to a man by the name of John Heywood, who was born sometime just before the 16th century. During his life, he was a writer who penned many plays and a book in 1546, later known as The Proverbs of John Heywood. It is likely that Heywood did not actually come up with the phrase “a penny for your thoughts”. Rather, he was simply the first person to have set the phrase down in written form. The actual origins of the term are unknown, and since his book was simply a collection of common idioms and expressions, it was probably familiar to people in the mid 1500s.

　　Another phrase similar to “a penny for your thoughts”is offering “your two cents” after making a statement. Someone might give his or her opinion and then say, “that's my two cents，” to indicate the value of his or her idea. While, much like a penny, “two cents” is relatively low in value now, it would have been more valuable at one time and the expression is used in much the same way.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个习语。

　　9．When someone says “a penny for your thoughts”， he or she________.

　　A．wants to ask you for advice

　　B．considers your thoughts unique

　　C．is curious about what's on your mind

　　D．will pay for what you're thinking about

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“asking people to volunteer their opinions on an issue being discussed”和“asking what someone is thinking about”可知答案。

　　10．The modern meaning of

　　“a penny for your thoughts” ________.

　　A．is more closely connected to the value of the penny

　　B．can differ greatly according to a speaker's tone of voice

　　C．can confuse the listener easily

　　D．is more popularly accepted

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，由于便士的价值在古代和现在相差甚远，因此现在也可以用“a penny for your thoughts”来表达对方的主意一文不值，也就是说，根据说话人的语气，这个习语的意思大相径庭。

　　11．In what way is Heywood related to the phrase “a penny for your thoughts”？

　　A．He came up with it while he was writing.

　　B．He helped to explain the origins of it.

　　C．He contributed to the wide use of it.

　　D．He was the first person to use it.

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“he was simply the first person to have set the phrase down in written form”和“his book was simply a collection of common idioms ...the mid 1500s”可推测，Heywood 由于将“a penny for your thoughts”这个习语编写到自己关于常用习语和表达的书籍中，从而使得这个习语被人们所熟知。因此，他间接推广了这个习语的应用。

　　12．What do we know about the phrase “your two cents”？

　　A．It is usually used at the end of a statement.

　　B．It comes from “a penny for your thoughts”．

　　C．It has witnessed some changes since the 16th century.

　　D．It is more familiar to people than “a penny for your thoughts”．

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“offering ‘your two cents’ after making a statement”可知答案。

　　Module 2　A Job Worth Doing

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.biochemist n．　生物化学家

　　2.offer vi.

　　(主动)提出(愿意做某事)

　　3.temporary adj.

　　临时的；暂时的

　　4.grateful adj.

　　感激的；感谢的

　　5.available adj.

　　可获得的；可达到的；可用的

　　6.demand n．& v.

　　要求；需要

　　7.essential adj.

　　必不可少的，绝对重要的

　　8.outgoing adj.

　　外向的

　　9.stressful adj.充满压力的；紧张的→stress n．压力

　　10.satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的→satisfy vt.使满意→satisfaction n．满意

　　11.direct vt.指挥→direction n．方向；方位→directly adv.直接地；径直地

　　12.signal n．信号→sign n．& vt.签字；签署→signature n．签名；签字

　　13.apply vi.申请→applicant n．申请人→application n．申请

　　14.suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)→sufferer n．受害者；受难者；患病者→suffering(s) n．痛苦；苦恼；令人痛苦的事

　　15.require vt. 需要→requirement n．需要

　　16.respect

　　n．& vt.尊敬；尊重；遵守→respectful adj.尊敬的；尊重的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；高尚的；体面的 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.From his satisfied look we knew that he was satisfied with the satisfying result, and his father smiled with satisfaction.(satisfy)

　　2.All applicants who have applied for the job must hand in the application forms before next Monday.(apply)

　　3.We are quite respectful to the man with a respectable profession. His good work always earns our respect.(respect)

　　4.He required that everyone (should) arrive on time but few reached the requirement.(require)

　　5.After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress.(stress)

　　6.With the guide directing us, we set off in the direction of the destination directly.(direct) 1.­ist结尾名词大集合

　　①physicist物理学家(者)

　　②chemist

　　化学家

　　③biologist

　　生物学家

　　④ecologist

　　生态学者(家)

　　⑤technologist

　　技术专家

　　⑥dentist

　　牙科医生

　　⑦biochemist

　　生物化学家

　　2.“性格”形容词大团圆

　　①out­going

　　外向的

　　②easy­going

　　随和的

　　③optimistic

　　乐观的

　　④humorous

　　有幽默感的

　　⑤modest

　　谦虚的

　　⑥generous

　　宽宏大量的

　　⑦selfish

　　自私的

　　⑧selfless

　　无私的

　　⑨sensitive

　　敏感的

　　⑩stubborn

　　顽固的，固执的

　　3.­ial结尾形容词荟萃

　　①essential

　　必不可少的

　　②commercial

　　商业的，营利的

　　③facial

　　面部的，表面的

　　④initial

　　最初的；字首的

　　⑤official

　　官方的，正式的

　　⑥beneficial

　　有益的，有利的

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.in_particular尤其；特别

　　2.on_average

　　平均

　　3.in_theory

　　理论上

　　4.in_practice

　　实际上； 在实践中

　　5.take_..._for_granted

　　以为……理所当然

　　6.take_up

　　站好位置以备……；

　　占据；从事

　　7.apply_for

　　申请……

　　8.pass_by

　　经过

　　9.take_notice_of

　　注意到

　　10.have_an_effect_on

　　对……产生影响

　　11.in_response_to

　　作为……的回应

　　12.in_demand

　　非常需要的；受欢迎的 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.She loves the song in_particular,_because her mother used to sing it.

　　2.It is a good plan in_theory,_but it remains to be seen whether it works in_practice.

　　3.After he retired from office, Tom took_up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

　　4.Never take_it_for_granted that once you are admitted to a famous university you will surely succeed in life.

　　5.The President has ordered emergency measures to be taken in_response_to the disappearance of the flight.

　　6.Unfortunately, the class teacher happened to be passing_by when the students spoke ill of him. 1.“in＋n.＋to”短语总动员

　　①in response to　作为……的回应

　　②in contrast to

　　与……相比

　　③in preference to

　　优先于

　　④in regard to

　　关于，对于

　　⑤in addition to

　　除……外

　　⑥in reply to

　　对……回复

　　2.“in＋n.”短语一览

　　①in theory

　　理论上

　　in demand

　　非常需要的

　　in practice

　　实际上

　　in reality

　　实际上

　　in advance

　　在前头

　　in danger

　　在危险中

　　in trouble

　　陷入困境

　　in view

　　在视野范围内

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand.

　　每天早晨，他都拿着一个大圆板爬上弯道。 “with＋n.＋介词短语”的复合结构。 手里拿着汪峰演唱会的门票，小女孩激动得一句话也说不出来。

　　The girl was too excited to say a word with_the_ticket_to_Wang_Feng's_concert_in_her_hand.

　　2.He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.

　　他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的卡车，突然在一个拐弯处偏离车道坠落到山下300米处。 be doing ... when“正在……，这时……”。 孩子们正在操场上踢足球，突然下起了大雨。

　　The children were_playing_football on the playground when it began to rain.

　　1．offer v．(主动)提出(愿意做某事)；提供；出价 n．出价；提供；提议

　　[高考佳句]　Two years ago, our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.

　　(2015·湖北高考短文写作)

　　两年前，我们的老师当堂给我们提供了一道数学难题的答案。

　　(1)offer sb. sth. ＝ offer sth. to sb.提供给某人某物

　　offer to do sth. (＝ make an offer to do sth.)

　　主动提出做某事

　　offer sb.money for sth.

　　出价买某物

　　(2)make an offer

　　提议；出价；提供

　　accept one's offer

　　接受某人的提议

　　①The warm­hearted man offered us some food (＝ offered some food to us) and offered to_help (help) us contact the police.

　　这位热心人给我们一些吃的并主动帮助我们联系了警察。

　　②It was pouring with rain so I_accepted_his_offer of a lift.

　　天正下着瓢泼大雨，所以我领了他的情，搭了他的便车。

　　[联想发散]　我们学过的表示“提供给某人某物”的常见短语还有：

　　①supply sb.with sth.＝ supply sth.to sb.

　　②provide sb.with sth.＝ provide sth.for sb.

　　2．apply vi.申请；适用；应用vt.使专心致志

　　[教材原句]　Now think of some more questions to ask people applying for these jobs.

　　现在另外再想一些问题来问申请这些工作的人。

　　(1)apply (to sb.) for (向某人)申请

　　apply to do sth.

　　申请去做某事

　　apply to

　　适用于(to为介词)

　　apply ... to ...

　　把……运用于……

　　apply oneself to (＝ be applied to)

　　致力于，集中精力于

　　(2)application n.

　　请求；申请，申请表；应用

　　applicant n.

　　申请人

　　Over the years, he has applied himself to improving (improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers.

　　数年来，他一直致力于改善农民工的生活条件。

　　All people are equal, which should apply to the disabled.

　　所有的人都是平等的，这应该也适用于残疾人。

　　She applied_to the international school for a job as an English teacher.

　　她向这所国际学校申请英语教师的职位。

　　3．require vt.需要；要求

　　[高考佳句]　She patiently explained all the rules to the students and required everyone to follow them.

　　(2015·广东高考读写任务)

　　她耐心地向学生解释了所有的规则并要求每个学生都遵守。

　　(1)require sb. to do sth.需要某人做某事

　　require that sb. (should) do sth.

　　要求某人做某事

　　require doing/to be done

　　需要被做

　　(2)requirement n.

　　要求，需要；必需品

　　meet/satisfy one's requirements

　　满足某人的要求

　　It is required in the school regulations that students (should)_not_wear long hair or jewels.

　　按学校规定，学生不应该留长发或戴珠宝首饰。

　　The matter related to people's health surely requires to_be_dealt/dealing (deal) with carefully.

　　与人们健康相关的事情当然需要谨慎处理。

　　Firstly, I feel that I am competent to meet_your_requirements.(2015·陕西高考满分作文)

　　首先，我感觉我有能力满足你们的要求。

　　[名师指津]　require作“需要”讲，且句子主语为物时，后可跟动词­ing形式表示被动含义，有这类用法的词还有：need, want, deserve, be worth等。

　　4．demand n. & v．要求；需要；需求

　　[教材原句]　But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.

　　但是对健康护理专业人员的需求也会有所上升。

　　(1)in demand需求；广受欢迎

　　meet/satisfy one's demand(s)

　　满足某人的需求

　　(2)demand sth. of sb.

　　向某人要某物

　　demand (of sb.) to do sth.

　　要求(某人)做某事

　　demand that sb. (should) do sth.

　　要求某人做某事(that从句中用虚拟语气)

　　(3)demanding adj.

　　苛求的；费力的

　　①The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in_great_demand in this city.(2017·全国卷单选)

　　《哈利·波特》系列图书很受欢迎，在这座城市的需求量很大。

　　The head teacher demanded that we(should)_clean the blackboard before every class.

　　班主任要求我们每节课前要擦干净黑板。

　　[名师指津]　“要求某人做某事”不能用demand sb. to do sth.表达，“要求做某事”可用demand to do sth.。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．The young lady rushed into the room directly (direct) she heard the noise.

　　2．John offered to_help (help) her with her English, but she refused.

　　3．To our satisfaction, they had finished the task ahead of time.

　　4．She has always been honest with me, and I respect her for that.

　　5．The little boy felt grateful to the coach for his letting him join in the game.

　　6．As is known to all, nutrition and exercise are essential to fitness and health.

　　7．Having_suffered_from_the_lung_cancer_for_many_years (患肺癌那么多年), John suffered a lot of pain, and the sufferings he had were beyond description.

　　8．If you are worried that rooms_will_not_be_available (会没有房间),

　　you can book one in advance.

　　.重难点多练

　　1．apply点点练

　　(1)介词填空

　　①More than 5,000 people applied to our company for the job.

　　②The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.

　　③Students should apply themselves to their study.

　　(2)完成片段

　　In order to know whether his plan was practical, he first ④applied_it_to_his_work (把它应用于他的工作), and then he ⑤applied_for_a_study (申请一项调查) to his company about it. At last he ⑥applied_himself_to (专心于) it and made necessary changes.

　　2．require多棱镜

　　(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①Before driving into the city, you are required to_get (get) your car washed.(2017·四川高考改编)

　　②All the problems put forward at the meeting require solving/to_be_solved (solve) in one month.

　　③The new computer system will meet all our requirements (require)．

　　(2)句型转换

　　④The rules require all students to attend at least 90 percent of the lectures.

　　→The rules require that all students should attend at least 90 percent of the lectures.

　　3．demand万花筒

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Taxi drivers demanded to_raise (raise) their salary.

　　②Waiters are still in demand so I want to apply for the position.

　　(2)单句改错

　　③The boss demanded that Mary finished it within a week.finished→finish

　　④My English teacher demanded me to recite the whole passage in front of the class.me前加of

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出sign的词性和词义

　　(A)n.迹象，征兆　(B)n.手势，信号　(C)n.符号，记号

　　(D)v.签名，签字

　　(E)v.做手势，示意

　　1．After having cooled down in recent months, the housing market in China has begun to show sign of recovery.__A__

　　2．She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.__B__

　　3．Remember that you won't be able to change the contract once you've signed.__D__

　　4．For some reason the computer can't display the dollar sign.__C__

　　5．He was desperately signing to me not to mention anything about Tom.

　　__E__

　　1．in particular尤其，特别

　　[教材原句]　One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world.

　　尤其是从拉巴斯通往北边的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路。

　　(1)particular n．细节，事项

　　adj.

　　特别的，挑剔的

　　be particular about

　　对……挑剔

　　(2)particularly adv.

　　尤其，特别

　　She's a very particular person so she is_particular_about what she eats and wears.

　　她这个人很挑剔，所以，她对她的吃穿很挑剔。

　　Be particularly (particular) careful when driving at night.

　　晚上开车要特别小心。

　　2．have an effect on对……产生影响

　　[高考佳句]　Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world. (2017·四川高考阅读E)

　　全球变暖正在对全球数百种动植物物种产生重大影响。

　　bring/put/carry sth.into effect实行，实施

　　come into effect

　　开始生效，开始实施

　　be of no effect

　　无用，无效

　　in effect

　　实际上，事实上

　　take effect

　　生效，见效，开始起作用

　　①The new traffic law has come_into_effect;_surely it will have_an_effect_on the transport of the country.

　　新的交通法规已经生效，它肯定会对这个国家的交通产生影响。

　　②The new timetable will_take_effect/come_into_effect from the beginning of May.

　　新的时间表将从五月初开始实行。

　　3．take up站好位置以备……；开始做(某项工作)；从事；接受；占据(时间、空间等)；继续(中断的活)

　　[教材原句]　And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.

　　于是每天早晨，铁穆特欧都来到路的拐弯处站好自己的位置，开始指挥来往车辆，从拂晓到黄昏，一周又一周。

　　take over接管，接任；占上风

　　take back

　　拿回，收回

　　take apart

　　拆开

　　take on

　　承担；呈现；雇用

　　take in

　　吸收；包括；理解；收容；欺骗

　　take off

　　脱下(衣服等)；起飞；突然开始成功

　　①Try not to let negative thoughts take over.

　　尽量别受消极的想法左右。

　　②If you believe him, you'll certainly be taken in.

　　如果你相信他，就肯定会被他欺骗。

　　4．He was_driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.

　　他正驾驶着一辆满载香蕉的卡车，突然在一个拐弯处偏离车道坠落到山下300米处。

　　本句中when为并列连词，意为“就在那时”，相当于and at that time。when用作“就在那时”讲时，常用于以下几种句型中：

　　(1)be doing ... when ...“正在做……，就在那时……”。

　　①They were_watching the live football match on TV when electricity went off.

　　他们正在看现场直播的足球赛，就在那时停电了。

　　(2)be about to do ... when ...“正要做……，就在那时……”； be on the point of doing ... when ...“正要做……这时……”。

　　②They were on the point of giving up when the captain encouraged them fiercely to save the ship.

　　就在他们快要放弃努力时，船长极力地鼓励他们挽救轮船。

　　③I was_about_to_leave when I noticed a letter lying on the floor.

　　我正打算离开，这时注意到地板上有封信。

　　(3)had done ... when ...“刚做完……，就在那时……”。

　　④I had_just_gone_to_bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.

　　劳累了一天之后，我刚要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/句型转换

　　①The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog following (follow) them.

　　②Charlie was about to_leave (leave) the office when suddenly someone knocked at the door.

　　③She had an interest in learning English, so her mother read three words to her on average every day.

　　④I lent some money to my deskmate in response to his request.

　　⑤How you feel about life and anything in particular depends on where you focus your attention.

　　⑥He never thought of it before, taking (take) all that his parents had done for him for granted.

　　⑦Nobody seems to take notice of the ten­cent note which has been lying on the ground for quite a long time.

　　⑧His father died, and left him a lot of money.

　　→His father died, leaving him a lot of money.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　I would like to ①apply_for (申请) the position of a volunteer you advertised. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, I am willing to ②offer_help_to (给……提供帮助) those who are ③in_trouble (处于困难中). Secondly, I ④am_grateful_to (对……感激) others, because I was once helped by them. They have ⑤had_a_great_effect_on (对……产生重大影响) me, so I'll ⑥take_up (从事) the position ⑦in_response_to (作为对……的回应) their kindness.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．take相关短语面面观

　　(1)写出下列句中take up 的含义

　　①Important people don't often have much free time as their work almost takes up all their time.占据

　　②She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续

　　③One of our greatest athletes has taken up a new challenge.

　　接受

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　After ④taking_over (接管) the company from his father, he ⑤took_in (吸收) some advanced ideas and ⑥took_on (雇用) some skillful workers, which suggested that his company would ⑦take_off (突然开始成功) soon.

　　2．effect相关短语全接触

　　介、副词填空

　　①Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.

　　②The committee were discussing how to put the plan into effect.

　　③A new system of taxation will come into effect.

　　④In effect, the government has increased security at their border.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．A study shows on average we spend about 8.5 hours on work every day.

　　2．I took it for granted that he is a native Italian because he speaks Italian so well.

　　3．Wang Yi, China's Minister of Foreign Affairs made a quick response to the question by that reporter.

　　4．It is reported that Fan Bingbing is particular about dress, particularly (particular) when she attends the opening ceremony of her new film.

　　5．The boy has_been_admitted (admit) to Beijing University but his family is so poor that it can't afford his college education. So he has decided to apply to the bank for a loan.

　　6．Seeing the old man standing, I offered my seat to him without hesitation.

　　7．It is required in the regulations that you (should)_not_tell (not tell) other people the password of your email account.

　　8．I was_giving (give) a lesson in the classroom when you called me, so I didn't answer it.

　　9．My cousin doesn't know what to take up at the university; he can't make up his mind about his future.

　　10．The boss demanded that Mary (should)_finish (finish) the work within a week.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．With time goes by, everything has changed.goes→going或With→As

　　2．She already knew the secret but no one told her.told前加had

　　3．You could suffer bad health if you keep smoking.suffer后加from

　　4．The manager demanded that the workers worked extra hours to complete the task ahead of time.worked→work

　　5．A study suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have effect on your eating habits.have后加an

　　6．The thief was to the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.to→on

　　7．I'm afraid I can't make myself understand.understand→understood

　　8．The gallery is open every day and is free, but charges apply for some special exhibitions.for→to

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　After graduation, Lucy applied_to_our_company_for (向我们公司申请了) a job. However, our manager only offered_her_a_chance (给她提供了一次机会) to teach in a mountainous area. This job needs enthusiasm and persistence. In fact, Lucy took_up (接受) the job unwillingly. But children there affected her attitude towards life. ①One day, she was teaching them to sing a song and at that time the children gave her a glass of water, because her voice was raucous (沙哑的). In_response_to (回应) the children's enthusiasm, Lucy decided to stay there for another year. ②The experience remained in her mind and at last she made up her mind to work there in her rest life.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)needs→requires

　　(2)affected→had_an_effect_on

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“be doing ... when ...”句型改写句①

　　One day, she_was_teaching_them_to_sing_a_song_when_the_children_gave_her_a_glass_of_water,_because her voice was raucous.

　　(2)用with复合结构改写句②

　　With_the_experience_in_her_mind,_at_last_she_made_up_her_mind_to_work_there_in_her_rest_life.

　　[课下练高考]

　　“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型

　　(限时：35分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·江西赣州高三摸底考试)It is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid­off (下岗) co­workers out for a drink for comfort. But which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge heard data suggesting it's the latter.

　　Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless person's mental health may “bottom out” after about six months, and then even begin to improve，the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job “just continues to get worse and worse，” Burchell says.

　　Evolutionary psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stress during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety, for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering from — even if the result is cancer. It's better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight” response, which leads to damaging stress.

　　But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view, Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned, women scored lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they had a job they felt insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most studies show that any job — it doesn't matter whether it is secure or insecure — gives psychological improvement over unemployment.” Burchell supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to be employed, but also to be the primary breadwinner, and that more of a man's self­worth depends on his job.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现与下岗职工相比，在职人员更值得同情，因为担心工作是否稳定、自身的价值能否体现等一系列的心理压力笼罩着他们，让他们的身心备受煎熬。

　　1．Why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more?

　　A．They have to do more work since then.

　　B．They have no chance to find better jobs.

　　C．They have to work with inexperienced workers.

　　D．They constantly worry about losing their job.

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中“the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their job ‘just continues to get worse and worse’”可知，研究者之所以认为在职人员更值得同情，是因为在职人员一直处于担心会失去工作的状态中，而且他们的情况会越来越糟。故答案选D。

　　2．What is most likely to cause a “fight or flight” response？A.Not having a paid job.

　　B．Fierce competition for jobs.

　　C．Not knowing what will happen.

　　D．Pressure to work longer hours.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。结合第三段内容尤其是该段最后一句可知，当不确定性持续下去时，人们会处于一种持续的“战或逃”的反应中，而这会导致损害性压力的产生，故“战或逃”的反应是由不确定会发生什么而引起的。故答案选C。

　　3．What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph?

　　A．Advice on preparing a job interview.

　　B．Advice to those in insecure industries.

　　C．Some knowledge of psychology.

　　D．Difference in men and women.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。首先结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了与下岗职工相比，在职人员更值得同情，因为他们担心会失去工作，这种长久焦虑的精神状态让他们倍感压力。作者陈述了这种现象并分析了其产生的原因，由常理可知，接下来应该谈到给这些焦虑的人们的一些建议或忠告，以帮助他们减缓压力。故答案选B。

　　4．What could be the best title for the text?

　　A．Is It Less Stressful to Get Laid Off Than Stay On?

　　B．Should Greater Sympathy Be Given to the Jobless?

　　C．Do Employees Bear More Stress Than Ever Before?

　　D．Do Men or Women Show Higher Levels of Anxiety?

　　解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文将在职人员与失业人员的心理健康情况进行比较，主要是为了说明在职人员因持续担心会失去工作而倍感压抑。故答案选A。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·昆明质量检测二)There is an old Spanish saying which states, “Tomorrow is often the busiest day of the week.” How many times have we put off our dreams until tomorrow? __1__ We have to go for them now!

　　● Tomorrow is not promised.

　　Nobody likes to talk about death, but everybody is going to die at one point. None of us know the day or the hour. __2__ Don't go to your tomb with unrealized dreams. Make the decision to go after every dream, big or small right now.

　　● __3__

　　One of the biggest dream killers is fear. Many people could have achieved amazing things if only they weren't afraid. Just think about all the things you've wanted to do, but allowed fear to convince you that you weren't talented, or good enough. Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create.

　　● Take action to realize your dream.

　　You can dream about writing a great play, but it's never going to happen unless you actually put pen to paper. You can dream about finding a cure for cancer, but it will never happen unless you actually become equipped with the necessary tools to find that cure. __4__

　　● Possibilities are waiting on you.

　　There are so

　　many amazing opportunities and people waiting on you. How do you get to them? Simple! Follow your dream. __5__ You'll never see those doors if you sit around waiting on a dream to happen, instead of actually working to make it happen.

　　A．Don't let fear win.

　　B．In other words, dreams don't work unless you do.

　　C．Our dreams should not, and cannot wait.

　　D．Therefore, today is all we have.

　　E．You'll be much happier if you go for it.

　　F．You were born into the world with a unique gift, which nobody can copy.

　　G．Doors that you couldn't imagine open up when you go after what you want.

　　答案：1～5　CDABG

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　(2016·青岛市高三统一质检)“Mum, you're always on the computer！” Laure complained.

　　“No, I'm not，” I __1__.

　　“Every day I come home from school you're working on the computer.”

　　“Well, at least I'm here __2__ you！”

　　My daughter was right. Day after day, in my home office, I would stare into space as my __3__ typed out the thoughts of a speaker or research completed for an article. It seemed that my work as a writer and speaker __4__ my fingers to the keyboard and my mind to valuable ideas. What Laure did not __5__ was that during her day away, I'd also be doing a lot of housework. It was only around three in the afternoon that I'd __6__ seat myself at my desk for a few __7__ moments of deep thought. Then she'd come from school.

　　I was __8__ of myself on being available to my children. After all, I am a speaker on child behavior and parenting. But Laure's observation __9__ my heart. In her eyes, I must have been a mom who was __10__ but unapproachable. I wouldn't make such an image (形象) before her. My relationship with my children is more __11__ than any other work.

　　“Laure，” I called, “come here a minute.”

　　She wandered to my doorway. I had decided to have her __12__ me when I was too devoted to work. I wanted her to have the __13__ to let me know when she thought I was cold.

　　After I explained my __14__ and the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister, I offered Laure the following __15__.

　　“Whenever you feel I'm ignoring you or you need my __16__， I want you to __17__ me，” I said. “Just come up and give me a little hug. That'll be our signal that you __18__ me.”

　　Years later we still have that __19__ sign. I've become much more sensitive to my daughters' comings and goings. __20__ she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者在发现自己和孩子们之间的相处出了问题之后，如何平衡工作和家庭之间的关系的故事。

　　1．A.thought　

　　B．refused

　　C．defended

　　D．agreed

　　解析：选C　根据语境“No, I'm not ...”可推知，作者并不承认女儿的说法，作者在为自己的行为进行辩解，defend“辩解，辩白”，故C项正确。

　　2．A.for

　　B．over

　　C．against

　　D．after

　　解析：选A　根据下文中的“... the fact that I chose home office to be accessible to her and her sister ...”可知，作者选择在家工作是为了孩子们，故A项正确。

　　3．A.feet

　　B．hands

　　C．eyes

　　D．ears

　　解析：选B　与“typed out”和下文中的“my fingers”呼应可知，是用手把想法转换成文字打出来，故B项正确。

　　4．A.connected

　　B．turned

　　C．gave

　　D．added

　　解析：选A　看起来作为作家和演说家的作者就是要把自己的手指和键盘连接起来，把自己的思想和有价值的观点连接起来。connect ... to ...“把……和……连接起来”，符合语境，故A项正确。

　　5．A.admit

　　B．realize

　　C．believe

　　D．recognize

　　解析：选B　Laure没有意识到的是在她白天不在家的时候，作者也做了许多家务活。admit“承认”；realize“意识到”；believe“相信”；recognize“认出，认可”。

　　6．A.luckily

　　B．gradually

　　C．instantly

　　D．finally

　　解析：选D　根据上文中的“... I'd also be doing a lot of housework.”可知，作者一天在家里也会忙着做许多家务，因此在下午3点左右的时候才终于得空来工作，故D项正确。luckily“幸运地”；gradually“逐渐地”；instantly“立刻，马上”；finally“最终”。

　　7．A.anxious

　　B．precious

　　C．busy

　　D．rare

　　解析：选B　根据上文可知，作者要忙着做很多家务，因此用来工作的时间就弥足珍贵了，故B项正确。anxious“焦虑的”；precious“珍贵的”；busy“忙碌的”；rare“稀少的”。

　　8．A.proud

　　B．ashamed

　　C．afraid

　　D．scared

　　解析：选A　作者为能够和孩子们在一起感到骄傲。proud“骄傲的，自豪的”；ashamed“惭愧的”；afraid“害怕的”；scared“害怕的”。

　　9．A.filled

　　B．broke

　　C．touched

　　D．mended

　　解析：选C　根据下文作者的反思可知，Laure的观察触动了作者的心，故C项正确。fill“充满”；break“(使)破”；touch“触动，感动”；mend“修理”。

　　10．A.suitable

　　B．available

　　C．acceptable

　　D．reasonable

　　解析：选B　在Laure的眼里，作者肯定是一个能找得到但是难以接近的妈妈。上文“... myself on being available to my children.”也是提示，故B项正确。

　　11．A.important

　　B．funny

　　C．obvious

　　D．wonderful

　　解析：选A　作者认为与孩子们的关系比任何其他的工作都重要。故A项正确。

　　12．A.warn

　　B．persuade

　　C．encourage

　　D．remind

　　解析：选D　作者决定让Laure在作者太专注于工作时提醒作者。下文“... she always gives me a little hug to remind me of the real reason why I work at home.”也是线索，故D项正确。

　　13．A.patience

　　B．time

　　C．power

　　D．honor

　　解析：选C　由作者想让孩子提醒自己可知，她想赋予孩子这样的权力去让自己知道自己忽略她们了，故C项正确。have the power to do sth.“有权力做某事”。patience“耐心”；time“时间”；power“权力”；honor“荣誉”。

　　14．A.pattern

　　B．dream

　　C．schedule

　　D．choice

　　解析：选C　根据上文“I had decided ...”可推知，作者已经下定决心做一些改变，这属于计划的内容，故C项正确。pattern“模式，图案”；dream“梦想”；schedule“工作计划”；choice“选择”。

　　15．A.promise

　　B．chance

　　C．answer

　　D．truth

　　解析：选A　根据对下文的理解可知，作者是在给孩子做出承诺，故A项正确。

　　16．A.help

　　B．attention

　　C．decision

　　D．advice

　　解析：选B　作者说：“无论什么时候你感觉我忽略了你或者你需要我的关注时，我想让你来拥抱我一下。”与“I'm ignoring you”形成呼应，孩子需要作者的关注，故B项正确。

　　17．A.hug

　　B．shake

　　C．kiss

　　D．kick

　　解析：选A　与“Just come up and give me a little hug.”呼应，故A项正确。

　　18．A.miss

　　B．hate

　　C．need

　　D．scold

　　解析：选C　根据“... or you need my __16__ ...”的提示可知，孩子的拥抱提醒作者孩子们需要她，故C项正确。

　　19．A.unknown

　　B．unexpected

　　C．unfinished

　　D．unspoken

　　解析：选D　多年以后我们仍然沿用这种心照不宣的信号。unspoken“心照不宣的”，故D项正确。

　　20．A.And

　　B．But

　　C．Or

　　D．Yet

　　解析：选A　而且她总是给作者一个小小的拥抱来提醒她在家工作的真正原因。根据上下文可知，此处表示逻辑上的顺承关系，故A项正确。Module 3　Adventure in Literature and the Cinema

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.account n．叙述；描写；报道2.pour vi.

　　(雨)倾盆而下

　　3.shelter n.

　　遮蔽物； 栖身之地

　　4.panic vt.

　　(使)恐慌；(使)惊慌失措

　　5.disturb vt.

　　打扰

　　6.adolescent n.

　　青少年

　　7.force vt.

　　强迫；迫使

　　8.reputation n.

　　名誉；名望；声望

　　9.warn vt.警告→warning n．警报，警告

　　10.solve vt.解决→solution n．解决方法

　　11.lie vi.说谎，撒谎→liar n．说谎者

　　12.curious adj.好奇的→curiosity n．好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地

　　13.fright n．恐惧；害怕→frighten vt.使恐惧→frightened adj.恐惧的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的

　　14.create vt.塑造；创作→creation n．创作(物)→creative adj.创造性的

　　15.terrified adj.非常害怕的，极度恐慌的→terrify vt.使惊恐→terrifying adj.令人害怕的

　　16.determined adj.坚决的→determine v．(使)决定；确定→determination n．决心 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.Children are always curious about everything they see and hear. They will ask all kinds of questions curiously. To meet their curiosity,_we'd better answer them.(curious)

　　2.Burners Lee is a creative man, who has created WWW. His creation is of great use to us.(create)

　　3.When I watch a frightening film, I often feel frightened and lie in bed shaking with fright.(fright)

　　4.From the determined expression on his face, we knew that he was determined to take up the job, which needed great patience and determination.(determine)

　　5.The government issued a warning that the fish might not be fit to eat. They warned that those who ate the fish were likely to get cancer.(warn) 1.“震惊，害怕”动词一览

　　①panic　 使恐慌

　　②amaze

　　使吃惊

　　③astonish

　　使惊讶

　　④frighten

　　使惊吓；吓唬……

　　⑤scare

　　惊吓；把……吓跑

　　⑥shock

　　使震惊

　　⑦surprise

　　使惊奇

　　⑧terrify

　　恐吓；使害怕

　　2.由pour想到的

　　①rainfall n.

　　降雨量

　　②storm n.

　　暴风雨

　　③thunder rain

　　雷雨

　　④thunderstorm

　　雷暴

　　⑤frozen rain

　　冰雨；冻雨

　　⑥heavy rain

　　大雨

　　3.盘点“情绪”高频形容词

　　①confident

　　自信的

　　②bored

　　无聊的；烦人的

　　③ashamed

　　羞愧的，惭愧的

　　④terrified

　　非常害怕的

　　⑤excited

　　兴奋的

　　⑥confused

　　迷惑的，不解的

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.have_connection_with

　　与……有联系/有关联

　　2.run_away

　　(秘密地)逃跑

　　3.play_a_trick_on_sb.

　　捉弄某人，对某人恶作剧

　　4.make_up

　　编造(说法、解释等)；化妆；组成；弥补；和好

　　5.be/feel_in_the_mood_(for_sth./to_do_sth.)

　　有意(做某事)，有(做某事的)心情

　　6.set_in

　　设置背景

　　7.make_one's_fortune

　　发财

　　8.set_off

　　出发；启程；使爆炸

　　9.lead/live_a_..._life

　　过着……的生活

　　10.to_one's_astonishment

　　使某人大吃一惊 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.In China, farmers make_up most of the population.

　　2.It is obvious that William has_connection_with the case.

　　3.You can't keep running_away from the problem. Try to find a way to solve it.

　　4.The villagers decided to play_a_trick_on the boy to prove that he was not a doctor at all.

　　5.If you want to catch that train, you'd better set_off for the station immediately.

　　6.The first scene is_set_in a restaurant in Venice, Italy.

　　7.After making_their_fortune,_they both spend money like water, having nothing at last.

　　8.To_everyone's_astonishment,_he should kill his wife and children out of anger. 1.“v.＋away”短语重点突破

　　①run away　(秘密地)逃跑

　　②break away

　　脱离；逃脱

　　③give away

　　分发，送给

　　④put away

　　把……放回原处

　　⑤take away

　　带走，解除

　　2.“v.＋up”短语全扫描

　　①make up

　　化妆；组成；编造

　　②bring up

　　抚养；提出；呕吐

　　③call up

　　打电话；回忆起

　　④take up

　　开始从事；占据

　　⑤break up

　　粉碎；关系破裂

　　3.“to one's＋n.”短语荟萃

　　①to one's astonishment

　　令某人惊讶的是

　　to one's regret

　　令某人遗憾的是

　　to one's relief

　　令人感到欣慰的是

　　to one's disappointment

　　令某人失望的是

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.It was quite dark, but I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope.

　　四周都很黑，但我能看见一个人被绳子捆着躺在地板上。 see a man lying为“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。 当我们到达机场时，我们看到许多记者正在采访周立波。

　　When we arrived at the airport, we saw_many_reporters_interviewing Zhou Libo.

　　2.He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.

　　他身无分文来到新奥尔良的时候，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。 only to find ...作结果状语，表示一种想象不到、出乎意料的结果。 一周后，记者去医院看望受伤的女孩，却听说她已经在三天前就出院了。

　　A week later , the reporter went to the hospital to see the injured girl, only_to_learn that she had left the hospital three days ago.

　　3.He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America ...

　　他很早就离开了学校，还是青少年的时候就下定决心要去南美洲发财…… 形容词(短语)作伴随状语。 我刚才看见他坐在树下，沉醉于视频游戏。

　　Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, absorbed_in_his_video_games.

　　4.“It looks as if it'll go under soon，” Jim said, after a couple of minutes.

　　几分钟后，吉姆说：“看起来它好像很快就要沉下去了。” as if“似乎，好像”，引导表语从句。 天看起来好像要下雨了。

　　It_looks_as_if it's going to rain.

　　1．account n．叙述；描写；报道；账户 v．说明；解释

　　[高考佳句]　It is said that body language accounts for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.(2015·福建高考单选)

　　据说身体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。

　　(1)on no account决不(位于句首时引起部分倒装)

　　on account of

　　因为，由于

　　give an account of

　　报告；叙述；说明

　　take sth. into account ＝ take account of

　　对某事加以考虑

　　(2)account for

　　解释，说明，(比例)占

　　①There are certain factors I take_into_account on my new invention.(2017·湖南高考写作)

　　在我的新发明中我要考虑一些特定的因素。

　　②On_no_account can we ignore the value of knowledge, as well as practical experience.

　　我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值，以及实际的经验。

　　[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义

　　③My salary is paid directly into my bank account.账户

　　[联想发散]　表示“决不”的短语还有：

　　①by no means ②in no way

　　③in no case

　　④at no time

　　⑤under/in no circumstances

　　⑥on no condition

　　(上述短语放在句首常用倒装)

　　2．lie vi.说谎；撒谎；躺；位于 n．谎言

　　[高考佳句]　There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage lies in his ability to communicate with foreigners in English.(2015·湖北高考多选)

　　毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他用英语和外国人交流的能力。

　　(1)lie down躺下

　　lie on one's back/side/stomach

　　仰卧/侧卧/俯卧

　　(2)tell lies/a lie

　　撒谎

　　black/white lies

　　恶意/善意的谎言

　　(3)liar n.

　　说谎者

　　As is known, Japan lies to the east of China.

　　大家知道，日本位于中国的东部。

　　He didn't finish his homework last night so he told_a_lie/lies.

　　他昨天晚上没有完成作业，所以他说了谎。

　　[辨析比较]　lie, lay

　　试一试　选用以上单词填空

　　The boy ③lied to his mother yesterday, saying he had ④laid the money in the wallet ⑤lying on the table.

　　辨一辨

　　词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词

　　说谎 lie lied lied lying

　　躺；位于 lie lay lain lying

　　放；下蛋 lay laid laid laying

　　3．warn vt.警告；告诫；预告；提醒

　　[高考佳句]　This meeting room is a non­smoking area. I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.(2015·湖北高考多选)

　　这个会议室是“无烟区”。我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，你就会被罚款。

　　(1)warn sb. of/about sth.

　　警告/提醒某人注意某事

　　warn sb. (not) to do sth.

　　提醒某人(不)做某事

　　warn sb. against (doing) sth.

　　提醒某人提防/不做某事

　　(2)warning n.

　　警告；提醒

　　We were warned not to_cheat (cheat) again or she would need to see our parents.

　　我们被警告不要再作弊，否则她将需要见我们的家长。

　　My father warned_me_against going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.

　　我父亲警告我不要去西海岸，因为那里挤满了游客。

　　4．determined adj.坚决的；有决心的；坚定的；意志坚定的；确定的

　　[教材原句]　He left school early, and as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South America, set off from his home in Hannibal, Missouri, for New Orleans.

　　他很早就离开了学校，还是青少年的时候就下定决心要去南美洲发财，于是他离开家乡密苏里州的翰尼堡，动身去了新奥尔良。

　　(1)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表状态)

　　(2)determine v.

　　决定；查明；裁决

　　determine to do sth.

　　决心做某事(表动作)

　　determine sb.to do sth.

　　使某人决定做某事

　　(3)determination n.

　　坚定；决心

　　make a determination to do sth.

　　决心做某事

　　Determined (determine) to be No. 1 in Senior 3, he studied hard.

　　因为决心成为高三年级第一名，他刻苦学习。

　　She determined to_work (work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.

　　她决定加倍努力工作，把失去的时间补回来。

　　[联想发散]　“决定做某事”的常见表达方式还有：make up one's mind to do sth.; decide to do sth.; make a decision to do sth.等。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．I'm terrified (terrify) to think about the fact that my mother will die some day.

　　2．Rumor has it that he was forced to_resign (resign)．

　　3．I got into a panic when I found the door was locked.

　　4．It is good to be curious about the world around you because I think curiosity (curious) is the best teacher.

　　5．We can't focus on our work because of the disturbing (disturb) noise.

　　6．The weather station warned the people of a coming storm.

　　7．Ji Xianlin earned_a_nationwide_reputation (赢得全国性的名誉) for his research in ancient Chinese.

　　8．Only if both sides accept the agreement will_a_lasting_peace_be_established (会建立永久和平) in this region.

　　.重难点多练

　　1．account多棱镜

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①On no account can the patient be moved until a doctor has arrived on the scene.

　　②You can't stop going with an old friend on account of rumors.

　　③How do you account for making so many mistakes in your homework?

　　(2)句型转换

　　④His exam results were not good, but we must consider the fact that he had been ill for a long time.

　　→His exam results were not good, but we must take his long illness into account.

　　→His exam results were not good, but we must take account of his long illness.

　　2．lie点点练

　　用lie/lay的适当形式填空

　　①The boy lying in the bed lied that he had laid the book on the bookshelf, but in fact he kept it for himself.

　　②John lay on his back again when I came in.

　　③The factory lies to the west of the small town.

　　3．determined万花筒

　　(1)用determine的适当形式完成片段

　　Li Hua is a young man with great ①determination. He ②determined to go to Tibet after graduation. ③Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④Because he was determined to make a fortune, he went to work in a gold mine.

　　→Determined to make a fortune,_he went to work in a gold mine.

　　⑤She is a determined young woman.

　　→She is a young woman of/with great determination.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出shelter的词性和词义

　　(A)n.栖身之地，住处 (B)n.庇护；掩蔽，遮蔽

　　(C)n.庇护所；避难所

　　(D)vt.为……提供庇护处

　　(E)vi.躲避；避难

　　1．They are in need of food and shelter.__A__

　　2．Plant herbs (药草) next to a wall to shelter them from the wind.__D__

　　3．They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree.__B__

　　4．We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun.__E__

　　5．They raised a huge amount of money to build a shelter for the homeless.__C__

　　1．play a trick on sb. (＝ play tricks on sb.)捉弄某人，开某人的玩笑，对某人恶作剧

　　[教材原句]　He particularly enjoyed playing a trick on the three men.

　　他尤其喜欢捉弄那三个人。

　　trick sb. into doing sth.

　　诱使某人做某事

　　trick sb. out of sth.

　　骗取某人某物

　　the trick of doing sth.

　　做某事的窍门

　　①The old man was tricked into buying a second­hand TV.

　　老人被骗买了一台二手电视机。

　　②Could you tell me the_trick_of making such tasty cakes？(2017·福建高考单选)

　　你能告诉我制作如此美味蛋糕的窍门吗？

　　[联想发散]　“捉弄/取笑某人”的常见表达法还有：

　　①make fun of sb. 取笑某人

　　②play a joke/jokes on sb.

　　取笑某人

　　③make a fool of sb.

　　愚弄某人

　　④laugh at sb.

　　嘲笑某人

　　2．make up编造(说法、解释等)；组成；弥补；补偿；化妆；和好；整理

　　[教材原句]　I decided to go to the next village and make up a story about the steamboat.

　　我决定到邻村去，编造一个关于那艘汽艇的故事(讲给人们听)。

　　make up for 弥补；补偿

　　be made up of

　　由……组成

　　make up one's mind to do sth.

　　下定决心做某事

　　make out

　　辨认出，弄清；理解

　　make sense

　　有意义，讲得通

　　make it

　　成功；赶上；做到

　　①Caroline doesn't have a gift for music, but she makes_up_for it with hard work.(2017·大纲卷单选)

　　卡罗琳没有音乐天赋，但是她努力工作弥补了这一点。

　　②—Shall we go for a drink at one o'clock this afternoon?

　　—Sorry, I can't make_it. Will two o'clock be OK?

　　——今天下午一点钟我们出去喝一杯可以吗？

　　——对不起，我那时不行。两点可以吗？

　　3．“It looks as_if it'll go under soon，” Jim said, after a couple of minutes.

　　几分钟后，吉姆说：“看起来它好像很快就要沉下去了。”

　　(1)本句中as if ＝ as though意为“仿佛，好像”，引导表语从句。常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后。

　　①It seems as_if/though the boy has lost his way.

　　那个男孩好像迷路了。

　　(2)as if还可引导状语从句。当说话人认为从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生(存在)的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气，结构如下：

　　与现在事实相反 从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were)

　　与过去事实相反

　　从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done)

　　与将来事实相反

　　从句谓语动词用would/could/might do

　　②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I had_done (do) it？(2017·重庆高考单选)

　　打破玻璃的是约翰，为什么你和我说话，好像是我打破了玻璃一样？

　　③The child talks to us as if he were (be) a grown­up.

　　那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。

　　(3)在as if/though引导的方式状语从句中，如果主语和主句主语一致，且其中又含有be动词的某种形式，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。

　　④He opened up his mouth as if (he were) to_speak (speak)．

　　他张了张嘴好像要说话。

　　4．He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only_to_find that there were no boats for South America.

　　他身无分文来到新奥尔良的时候，却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。

　　本句中的only to find ...是动词不定式作结果状语。动词不定式作结果状语通常放在主句的后面，并且常表示出人意料的结果，意为“没想到……；结果却……；不料……”。

　　①Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to_find (find) it didn't fit.(2017·天津高考单选)

　　她着急地把裙子从包裹里拿了出来，结果却发现裙子不合适。

　　②George returned after the war, only_to_be_told that his wife had left him.(2017·山东高考单选)

　　乔治战后回来，却被告知妻子已离他而去了。

　　[名师指津]　不定式和现在分词都可以作结果状语，但是不定式表示意料之外的结果且常放在主句之后，而现在分词表示自然而然的、意料之中的结果。

　　③An explosion happened in the mine, leaving (leave) twenty­two miners trapped.

　　矿井发生了爆炸，导致22名矿工被困。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/句型转换

　　①Some people think that global warming has connection with human activities.

　　②The lazy man has been waiting for a chance to make a/his fortune overnight.

　　③He is far ahead of us in this field for he has been doing it for several years.

　　④To start with,_I think it a good opportunity to cooperate with them.

　　⑤After hearing the good news, he was in the mood to go out for a drink.

　　⑥Set (set) in London in the 1960s, the novel has become a best­seller.

　　⑦Tom hurried to the cinema, but he was told the film was cancelled.

　　→Tom hurried to the cinema, only to be told the film was cancelled.

　　⑧She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone.

　　→She stood at the gate as if waiting for someone.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　When the police saw me getting on the bus ①to_set_off (出发), they approached me. First they apologized for disturbing me, and then asked me ②to_give_an_account_of (描述) what I had seen in the bar the other day. Did they ③play_a_trick_on (捉弄) me？No.They were serious. They warned me not to ④make_up (编造) anything, which made me quite panic. But when they found out that I ⑤had_no_connection_with (与……没有关系) the matter, the bus had already left.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　make相关短语全接触

　　(1)写出下列句中make up 的含义

　　①Don't make up any excuses any more for your coming late.编造，虚构

　　②The girl made herself up carefully before going to meet James.化妆

　　③They had an argument, but they have already made up.和解，和好

　　④You are responsible for the money and you will have to make up the loss.弥补，补偿

　　⑤They make up one­third of the province's population.组成，构成

　　⑥Leave this notice hanging on your door, asking the servant to make up your room.收拾，整理

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　I have ⑦made_up_my_mind (下定决心) to ⑧make_up_for (弥补) the lost time. So I made a plan, which ⑨is_made_up_of (由……组成) 3 parts. To carry it out better, I want you to supervise me. You can go through it. If there is something that you can't make_out (理解), I will explain it to you. I believe that I will ⑪make_it (做到) with your help.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．His parents died in the earthquake, leaving (leave) him an orphan.

　　2．When her son was ill, she wasn't in the mood to work.

　　3．I have a lot of work to make up since I have been ill for quite a few days.

　　4．The protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving the country.

　　5．He speaks Chinese fluently as if he were (be) a Chinese.

　　6．Having_been_forced (force) to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat.

　　7．Determined (determine) to try his fortune abroad, he left for America.

　　8．The fireman warned him not to_enter (enter) the burning house.

　　9．When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home.

　　10．Yao Ming had to leave his beloved basketball team on account of his injured legs.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．She resembles like her mother in character, but not in appearance.去掉like

　　2．He set about to do his homework as soon as he got home.about→out

　　3．It's not a good idea to play trick on our teacher.trick前加a或trick→tricks

　　4．The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as if he experienced it himself. experienced前加had

　　5．She lay the baby gently down on the bed a moment ago.lay→laid

　　6．I heard the students read English when I passed by the classroom.read→reading

　　7．Losing in the forest, we had to remain where we were, waiting for help.Losing→Lost

　　8．I still find it terrified to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses. terrified→terrifying

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　①Yesterday I watched a film, and it is set in America. Its main character is a detective with_reputation (有名望). On receiving an alarm call, he left for the spot at once. On his arrival, the criminals got_into_a_panic (陷入恐慌) and tried to run_away (逃跑), only_to_be_caught (结果被抓住). He warned_them (警告他们) to describe what had happened and not to make_up (编造) anything to lie_to_him (对他撒谎). ②They were so terrified that they told the truth. Therefore (besides/therefore), the case was solved smoothly.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分

　　(1)left→set_off

　　(2)describe→give_an_account_of

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用过去分词作定语改写句

　　Yesterday_I_watched_a_film,_set_in_America.

　　(2)用动词不定式作结果状语改写句

　　They_were_very_terrified,_only_to_tell_the_truth.

　　[课下练高考]

　　一第卷强化增分练——练规范

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　.语法填空

　　(2016·河南省普通高中毕业班适应性测试)Philip was a junior office assistant in a large company. He was quite ambitious, so he was keen to make a good__1__(impress) on the boss. He often stayed late at the office, to show__2__ committed and hardworking he was. One evening, he was just__3　 to go home when he saw his boss__4　(stand) in front of the shredder (碎纸机), holding a document.

　　“Ah, Philip! I'm glad you're still here in the office！”said the boss，“Good__5__(see) all your hard work and professionalism. Now I wonder if you could help me.”

　　“Of course，” replied Philip.“It's no trouble.”

　　“Good man! You see, my secretary has already gone home__6__I haven't got a clue how this thing works. It's so important that I have to get this done before tomorrow. If you__7　(can) do this one more thing before you go home, I'd__8　(real) appreciate it.”

　　“No problem，” said Philip, __9__(happy) to be asked to do such a simple job.

　　He took the document from his boss, turned on the machine, inserted the document and pressed the start button.

　　“That's excellent，” said the boss, as the document vanished into the shredder. “I just need two__10__(copy)．”

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了Philip帮不会操作机器的老板把文件放入了碎纸机，而老板却说“给我复印两份”的幽默故事。

　　1．impression　 make a good impression on sb.是固定短语，意为“给某人留下好印象”。

　　2．how　句意：他经常在办公室里待到很晚，以此来显示他是多么地敬业和勤奋。“committed”和“hardworking”是形容词，所以用副词how修饰，表示程度。

　　3．about　固定句型 be about to do sth. when ...意为“正要做某事时突然……”。故填 about。

　　4．standing　动词see后通常接动词原形或现在分词作宾语补足语，此处表示正在发生的动作，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。

　　5．to see　分析句子结构可知，形容词“Good”前省略了it is，所以用动词不定式作真正的主语。

　　6．and　分析句子结构可知，此处用连词and连接两个并列的句子。

　　7．could　根据主句中的谓语动词可知，此处是指与现在事实相反的虚拟，所以if引导的条件状语从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去时。故填could。

　　8．really　应用副词修饰动词“appreciate”。real的副词形式为 really。

　　9．happy　根据语境可知，Philip很高兴被要求做这样简单的工作。分析句子结构可知，空格处用形容词happy作状语，表伴随。

　　10．copies　根据数词“two”可知，此处名词应使用复数形式。copy的复数形式为copies。

　　.短文改错

　　(2016·石家庄高三教学质检二)A foreign student graduated with honors from a finely university in Germany. He expected to find a good job and have a bright future.But in his disappointment, he wasn't even giving the chance for an interview! The third time he was refused, he phoned the company to ask how.“We don't employ dishonest people in Germany” is the answer. What was wrong? Shortly before he arrived in Germany, he found easy to steal subway rides. But he often rode without a ticket and was caught up three times. Now he had to pay a high price for his own behavior. We should all keep in minds: honesty is the best policy.

　　答案：第一句：finely→fine

　　第三句：in→to; giving→given

　　第四句：how→why

　　第五句：is→was

　　第七句：before→after; found后加it

　　第八句：But→So; 去掉up

　　第十句：minds→mind

　　.书面表达

　　(2016·郑州市高三质量预测)你校将举办主题为“未来工作畅想”的征文活动。请你根据下面所给要点写一篇英语短文。

　　1．你梦想的工作；

　　2．你的兴趣或特长；

　　3．该工作的重要性。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　As a senior three student, I often imagine what I will be doing in the future.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　参考范文：

　　As a senior three student, I often imagine what I will be doing in the future. Talking of my dream job, I expect to be an English teacher for the following reasons.

　　First, I'm an energetic outgoing girl/boy with great patience. That's what makes a qualified teacher, in my opinion. Besides, I am crazy about the English language, and I am doing quite well. Above all, teachers are generally respected and well­paid. With two vacations each year, I may enjoy more relaxing time. As a responsible girl/boy, I hope to take up a job which is beneficial to society. Being a good teacher may influence more students to shoulder their responsibilities and contribute to their country.

　　In short, I'll work even harder to become a popular English teacher.

　　练（二阅读理解组合练——练短板

　　(限时：15分钟)

　　.阅读理解

　　(2016·莱芜一中高三段考)Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies. He is often called the best movie maker Hollywood has ever had.

　　He was known for making movies that offered sharp social comment. Wilder was one of the first directors to do this. Between the middle 1930s and the 1980s, Billy Wilder made almost fifty movies. During that time he received more than twenty nominations (提名) from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He won six of the Oscar awards. His movies have been seen by people around the world.

　　In 1944, Billy Wilder made the film Double Indemnity. Some critics said this movie established him as one of the greatest Hollywood directors. Wilder directed The Lost Weekend in 1945. Ray Milland plays the part of an alcoholic writer in the movie. It shows that alcohol rules his life, yet he does not admit it. He hides alcohol in his home and says he is not drinking.

　　In 1950, Wilder made Sunset Boulevard. This movie told of an aging actress in silent movies. She plans to return to movies though facing many problems. In 1954, Billy Wilder became an independent producer. The next year, Wilder's first movie as an independent filmmaker was a huge success. It was Seven Year Itch. In this movie, a married mailman wants to cheat on his wife with some of his friends. In 1959, Wilder made a funny movie that was very popular. It was Some Like It Hot. It tells about two jazz musicians being chased by criminals. They decide to wear women's clothes and join a band in which all the musicians were women.

　　Wilder died in March, 2002. He was ninety­five. A current Hollywood producer said: “Billy Wilder made movies that people will never forget.”

　　语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国著名的电影导演Billy Wilder比利·怀尔德的电影制作成就。

　　1．The text is mainly about ________.

　　A．the background of American movies

　　B．the development of American movies

　　C．Wilder's attitude to American movies

　　D．Wilder's achievements in American movies

　　解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据文章首段和各段的首句可知，本文主要介绍的是美国电影导演Billy Wilder的电影制作成就。

　　2．What was Wilder famous for according to Para. 2?

　　A．His unique style of making movies.

　　B．Sharp remarks on society in his movies.

　　C．More than twenty awards he received.

　　D．Almost fifty movies he produced himself.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知Billy Wilder擅长制作尖锐评论社会的电影，这是他出名的原因。

　　3．Which of the following made Wilder among the greatest Hollywood directors?

　　A．Double Indemnity.

　　B．Sunset Boulevard.

　　C．The Lost Weekend.

　　D．Some Like It Hot.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“1944年，Billy Wilder制作了电影《双倍赔偿》，这部电影使他跻身于好莱坞著名导演的行列。”可知选A。

　　4．The text is developed mainly by ________.

　　A．following time order

　　B．making comparisons

　　C．analyzing exact data

　　D．giving instructions

　　解析：选A　篇章结构题。根据各段的年份可知，本文是按时间顺序来组织的。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·济南市高考模拟)In our comparison­soaked (攀比成风的) culture, it's hard to avoid slipping into “Why can't I？” mode. When one of my colleagues who I think is not better than me published a new book, I couldn't help complaining how unachievable it seemed to me and what bad luck I had. Negative feelings like this made life dark for us.__1__ Here's what I learned：

　　Don't compare your insides to someone else's outsides.

　　The first time I heard this excellent advice, I was suffering from terrible envy. My professor's warning shocked me that “You have no idea what it took for them to get there. Don't just owe it to pure luck. __2__”

　　She was absolutely right, yet it's much easier to envy what they've got than to ask the serious questions: What are they modeling for me? What have they done to get where they are today? __3__

　　Transform comparison into celebration.

　　Admiration and envy are responses pointing us toward what we value most. __4__ If you notice yourself admiring people who take creative risks, bring your full attention to the part of you that wants to be braver.

　　__5__

　　Next time you catch yourself admiring or envying someone's success, take a moment to consider: What qualities in them inspire me? Where do I presently display these qualities? Remember the light we see in others can help us see our own!

　　A．Use the success of others as a mirror.

　　B．Learn to appreciate others' shining points.

　　C．How to get rid of the harmful effects of comparison needs exploring.

　　D．However, there is no doubt that good luck can't be ignored.

　　E．Instead, you should find out what's really going on behind the scenes.

　　F．And once we become aware of what we value, we are much better positioned to create a richly satisfying life.

　　G．When we reflect on these questions, we shift immediately out of comparison mode and turn inwards.

　　答案：1～5　CEGFA

　　Module 4　Carnival

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.hide vt.　掩藏；躲藏

　　2.pretend vi.

　　假装

　　3.book vt.

　　预订

　　4.wander vi.

　　漫步；闲逛

　　5.elegant adj.

　　优美的；高雅的

　　6.mark vt.

　　标志(着)

　　7.transport vt.

　　运输；运送

　　8.abolish vt.

　　废除

　　9.magnificent adj.

　　华丽的，富丽堂皇的

　　10.freedom n.

　　自由

　　11.confusion n．杂乱；混乱→confuse vt.混淆；使迷惑→confused adj.迷惑的；混乱的→confusing adj.令人迷惑的

　　12.extend vt.延长→extension n．延伸；扩大

　　13.relaxing adj.使人放松的→relax vt.使……放松→relaxation n．消遣；娱乐→relaxed adj.放松的

　　14.tasty adj.美味可口的→taste n．味道 v．品尝；尝起来有……味道→tasteless adj.无味的

　　15.import vt.引进；进口→export (反义词) vt.出口

　　16.celebration n．庆祝；庆典→celebrate vt.庆祝

　　17.unite vt.联合→union n．联合；团结；公会→united adj.团结的

　　18.magic n．魅力，魔力→magical adj.魔法的，魔术的→magician n．魔术师 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.I was in confusion after you told me such a confusing story. Tom said he also felt confused.(confuse)

　　2.I play the piano for relaxation,_which makes me much more relaxed. In addition, some other relaxing activities can also relax me after a day's study.(relaxing)

　　3.The new government plans to extend the original road, the extension of which will help improve the trade.(extend)

　　4.They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration.(celebrate)

　　5.Are you free this afternoon to talk with me about rights and freedom? (free)

　　6.If we follow the clues in Harry's magical world, perhaps, we can discover the real magic in our own life.(magic) 1.“走”姿大展示

　　①wander vi.漫步；闲逛

　　②pace v.

　　踱步

　　③crawl v.

　　爬行

　　④march v.

　　行军，进军

　　⑤rush v.

　　冲；奔；闯

　　⑥walk v.

　　散步

　　2.­ant结尾形容词大比拼

　　①abundant

　　丰富的

　　②brilliant

　　杰出的

　　③constant

　　不变的

　　④distant

　　遥远的

　　⑤tolerant

　　宽容的

　　⑥elegant

　　优美的

　　⑦ignorant

　　无知的

　　⑧significant

　　重要的

　　⑨instant

　　立即的

　　⑩resistant

　　抵抗的

　　3.由extend想到的

　　①enlarge v.

　　扩大

　　②expand vt.

　　扩张

　　③narrow v.

　　(使)变狭窄

　　④broaden v.

　　扩大，变阔

　　⑤stretch v.

　　伸展，张开

　　⑥contract v.

　　收缩，缩小

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.dress_up化装，打扮

　　2.come_to_an_end

　　完结，结束

　　3.consist_of

　　由……组成

　　4.take_over

　　接管；接收

　　5.put_..._into_prison

　　把……关进监狱

　　6.on_end

　　(时间)连续地

　　7.work_as_...

　　充当……，作……

　　8.date_back_to/date_from

　　追溯到/起源于

　　9.be_crowded_with

　　挤满了……

　　10.take_part_in

　　参与……(活动)

　　11.the_key_to_...

　　……的关键

　　12.in_secret

　　秘密地，私下地 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.He will take_over my job while I am on holiday.

　　2.It is said that the President has escaped to the border in_secret.

　　3.She worked_as a nurse when she was young.

　　4.Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.

　　5.In the north of our town stands an old temple, which dates_back_to/from the Ming Dynasty.

　　6.The young lady loves dressing_up for a party to be noticed by others.

　　7.She got a bad headache and was sore for weeks on_end. 1.“v.＋up”短语大全

　　①dress up化妆，打扮

　　②eat up

　　吃光

　　③pick up

　　拾起

　　④burn up

　　烧尽

　　⑤give up

　　放弃

　　⑥stay up

　　熬夜

　　⑦use up

　　用完

　　2.“come to＋n.”短语全扫描

　　①come to a conclusion　得出结论

　　come to a decision

　　作出决定

　　come to an agreement

　　达成协议

　　come to a solution

　　得出解决办法

　　come to an understanding

　　达成谅解

　　come to the point

　　直入主题

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.

　　想到狂欢节，你就会想到人群、各式各样的服装和热闹非凡的场面。 祈使句＋and＋陈述句。 接受医生的建议，你很快就会好起来的。

　　Follow your doctor's advice, and_you_will_get/be_better_soon.

　　2.Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.

　　它们(面具)的使用受到法律的限制，最早可追溯到14世纪。 “……＋of＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句。 她写了两本小说，均已被拍成了电视连续剧。

　　She has written two novels, both_of_which have been made into television series.

　　3.... there was an immediate need for people to work on them.

　　……急需人手干活。 there is/was no/a(n) ... need for sb.to do sth.“(不)需要某人做某事”。 既然这个问题已经解决了，我们就没有必要再讨论了。

　　There_is_no_need_for_us_to_discuss the problem again since it has already been solved.

　　1．hide v．掩藏；躲藏；隐瞒n.隐蔽处，藏身处(hid，hidden)

　　[经典例句]　Paul struggled to hide his disappointment at not getting the job.(朗文P922)

　　保罗竭力掩藏自己因得不到那份工作而产生的失望情绪。

　　hide ... from ...向……隐瞒……；把……隐藏起来

　　hide ... behind/under/in ...

　　……隐藏到……后面/下面/里面

　　hide away

　　隐藏

　　①She and her family hid_away for nearly twenty­five months before they were discovered.

　　她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月之后才被发现。

　　②With electronic products mushrooming in our country, hidden (hide) danger of environmental pollution and safety use would be caused.

　　由于国内电子产品数量激增，环境保护和安全使用的隐患随之而来。

　　[名师指津]　hiding和hidden作定语时意思不同：a hiding place“一个藏身处”；a hidden place“一个秘密/隐藏的地方”。

　　2．pretend v．假装；假扮

　　[教材原句]　Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important, while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.

　　普通人可以装扮成阔佬和要人，而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇。

　　pretend

　　Mary pretended not to_see me when I passed by, which made me very angry.

　　当我从玛丽身边经过的时候，她假装没看见我，这让我非常生气。

　　She pretended to_be_doing her homework when I entered the room.

　　当我走进房间时，她假装正在做作业

　　When her mother came in, she pretended to_have_fallen_asleep.

　　当她妈妈进来的时候，她假装已经睡着了。

　　[名师指津]　pretend后面不定式的形式取决于其和谓语动词的关系：和谓语动词同时发生的，用不定式的进行式；发生在谓语动词之前的，用不定式的完成式。

　　3．mark n．分数；记号；标志；痕迹，斑点v.标明；标志(着)；做记号；打分数，批改

　　[教材原句]　This marked the beginning of the slave trade.

　　这标志着奴隶贸易的开始。

　　(1)mark ... on ...在……上做记号

　　mark ... with ...

　　用……标记……

　　be marked with

　　标记着

　　mark down

　　记下

　　mark out

　　画线标出

　　(2)get a low/high/full mark

　　得低分/高分/满分

　　make a mark

　　做记号

　　①I picked up a copybook yesterday marked (mark) with name and class.

　　昨天我捡到了一个标有姓名和班级的抄写本。

　　②Marking out the courses for the sports meeting gave us much pleasure as well as knowledge.

　　为运动会画比赛跑道带给我们快乐的同时也让我们学到了很多知识。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．Last Monday the teachers and students held a grand ceremony in celebration (celebrate) of the 80th anniversary of our school.

　　2．It is reported that some dangerous animals were found hidden (hide) in a big cave in the mountain.

　　3．Parents hope that their children can be educated in a relaxing (relax) and active atmosphere.

　　4．With the Chinese people united (unite) as one, any attempt to separate China is bound to fail.

　　5．China has traded with Greece more recently, which marks the relationship of the two countries is developing steadily.

　　6．The town was named after Mr. Smith, in memory of his great contributions to its development.

　　7．Allow us to thank you for the kindness extended (extend) to us.

　　8．If you want to make sure of a seat, you had better book_in_advance (提前预订)．

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．pretend面面观

　　(1)完成句子

　　①Tom pretended_to_be_reading_an_important_paper (假装正在读一份重要的文件) when the boss came in. In fact, he was reading nothing.

　　②The clerk was late for the meeting and when the boss asked about it, he pretended_not_to_have_heard (假装未听到) the notice for the meeting.

　　(2)句型转换

　　③When her mother came in, she pretended that she had finished her homework.

　　→When her mother came in, she pretended to have finished her homework.

　　④The boy pretended that he was playing the piano when his father came in.

　　→The boy pretended to be playing the piano when his father came in.

　　2．mark全扫描

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①The box of eggs was marked with “Care”．

　　②A volleyball court had been marked out on the grass.

　　③Just a moment. Let me mark down your name and address.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　When I entered the office, our English teacher was ④marking_papers (正在批改试卷) handed in yesterday. I saw him ⑤make_marks_on_the_papers (在试卷上做记号) with ⑥a_full_mark (满分) and the papers with ⑦a_low_mark (低分) to mark them off from the others.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出名词confusion的词义

　　(A)困惑，不确定　

　　(B)辨别不清；混淆

　　(C)慌乱；窘迫

　　(D)混乱，骚乱

　　1．There was a confusion of shouts and orders as the ship prepared to depart.__D__

　　2．To avoid confusion, the teams wore different colours.__B__

　　3．His confusion at meeting her there was quite apparent.__C__

　　4．There was some confusion as to whether we had won or lost.__A__

　　1．come to an end完结；结束，终止

　　[教材原句]　The original Venice carnival came to an end about 200 years ago.

　　原始的威尼斯狂欢节200年前就结束了。

　　(1)使某事结束

　　make ends meet

　　量入为出；使收支相抵

　　in the end

　　最后，终于

　　on end

　　连续地；竖直地

　　at the end of

　　在……的尽头(指时间或空间的一个终点)

　　by the end of

　　到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)

　　(2)end up (with)

　　(以……)结束

　　①They didn't know how to put an end to the quarrel.

　　他们不知道如何结束这场争吵。

　　②Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end_up_with sweet dreams.

　　你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，即可终得美梦。

　　[名师指津]　come to an end为不及物动词短语，后面不能接宾语，接宾语时需用bring sth. to an end或put/bring an end to sth.。

　　2．dress up装扮；打扮；穿上盛装；装饰

　　[教材原句]　Having fun meant eating, drinking, and dressing up.

　　尽情地享乐意味着吃、喝和乔装打扮。

　　(1)dress (sb.) up as ... (把某人)打扮/装扮成

　　dress oneself/sb.

　　给自己/某人穿衣

　　(2)be dressed in

　　穿着……衣服 (表状态)

　　get dressed

　　穿衣服

　　①Children often dress_up_as Superman to draw adults' attention.

　　孩子们经常把自己装扮成超人，以吸引大人的注意力。

　　②Dressed (dress) in her most beautiful skirt, the girl tried to make herself noticed at the party.

　　穿着她最漂亮的裙子，那个女孩在派对上尽力让别人注意到她。

　　3．The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there_was_an_immediate_need_for_people_to_work_on_them.

　　欧洲人到了美洲，开辟了栽种棉花、水果和蔬菜的大农场与大种植园，这意味着急需人手干活。

　　本句中含有“there is/was a(n) ... need/no need (for sb.) to do sth.”结构，意为“(对某人来说)做……是有/没有必要的”。need也可以被some, any, no, (not) much, little，great等修饰。

　　①There is a great need for us to_learn (learn) a foreign language well in the modern society.

　　在现代社会，学好一门外语对我们来说是非常必要的。

　　There be＋some/no＋trouble/difficulty (in) doing/with sth.

　　做某事(没)有困难

　　There be＋some/no＋doubt about/that ...

　　对某事(没)有疑问

　　There is no sense/use/good/point (in) doing sth.

　　做某事没有道理/用处/好处/意义

　　There is no chance/possibility to do sth./of doing sth./that ... 没有做某事的机会/可能性

　　②There_is_no_doubt_that China has made great progress in space exploration.

　　毫无疑问，中国在探索太空方面已取得了巨大进步。

　　③In my opinion, there_is_no_point (in) discussing this issue.

　　在我看来，讨论这件事是没有意义的。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/句型转换

　　①There is no need for us to discuss the problem again. It has already been settled.

　　②In my opinion, there is no point being (be) upset about it.

　　③Her son was put into prison for stealing something from the shop.

　　④We should take part in out­of­school activities to develop our skills.

　　⑤Every Spring Festival, the railway stations across the whole nation are crowded with people eager to go home.

　　⑥Miss Smith is leaving to get married and Miss Jones will take over the class.

　　⑦If you think hard, you'll have a good idea to solve that problem.

　　→Think hard and you'll have a good idea to solve that problem.

　　⑧There are fifty students in our class, and all of them are working hard.

　　→There are fifty students in our class, all of whom are working hard.

　　2．运用所学短语、句型完成片段

　　Our dance team ①consists_of (由……组成) 20 girls. Last Friday, we performed on the stage for the first time. All of us felt excited and decided to ②dress_ourselves_up (打扮我们自己). Meanwhile , we all felt very nervous because there were many judges. Miss Yang who ③took_over (接管) our team realized that ④there_was_a_great_need_for_her (对她来说很有必要) to calm and give us encouragement. She told us ⑤to_pretend_not_to_see (假装没看见) the judges and did our best. When our performance ⑥came_to_an_end

　　(结束), all the judges stood up and applauded for us. You can imagine how happy we were!

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　end相关短语个个清

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①In the end, the police managed to bring the serious fight to an end.

　　②If you carry on driving after drinking like that, you'll end up with death.

　　③We will have learned English for 5 years by the end of this year.

　　④My brother waited for me at the end of the street.

　　⑤My holiday has come to an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　In order to ⑥make_ends_meet (收支平衡), his husband cut off his son's supply of milk. For this, the couple argued for two days ⑦on_end (连续). ⑧In_the_end (最后), they decided to ⑨bring_this_endless_argument_to_an_end/put_an_end_to_this_endless_argument (结束这无休止的争吵) ⑩at_the_end_of (到……结束时) this week for the sake of their son.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．The football team, consisting (consist) of 22 players and 3 coaches, was set up about 3 years ago.

　　2．Every year, a good many tourists are attracted to visit the old temple dating (date) back to the eleventh century.

　　3．The policeman pretended to_be_reading (read) a newspaper. In reality, he was watching the man near the window.

　　4．The couple walked along the only path extending (extend) as far as the riverside.

　　5．After wandering (wander) around, we found ourselves back at the hotel.

　　6．There is no point in complaining (complain). They can't do anything to help you.

　　7．The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were saved for other purposes.

　　8.We must make sure that all the boxes should be marked with the owner's names.

　　9．He made a decision to let the vice­president take over the company during his absence.

　　10．Come early tomorrow, and you'll be on time.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．The rescue team consisted of doctors and soldiers has arrived in Tianjin.consisted→consisting

　　2．With my homework finishing, I went fishing with my father.finishing→finished

　　3．There is not need to get angry for such a thing.not→no

　　4．He planted two trees last year, both of them are growing well.them→which

　　5．Make a bit more effort, or you will make it soon.or→and

　　6．The little girl was finally found hiding behind the door, from where she could hear what her parents said.hiding→hidden

　　7．The fight between the two countries finally came to end.to后加an

　　8．Dressing in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.Dressing→Dressed

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　Last Sunday, I was_bathing (我正在洗澡) when the manager called to tell me that an_urgent_meeting (紧急会议) would be held.①I needed to inform our boss immediately of the list of some clerks who had extended_their_vacation (延长假期) for travel. Hurriedly, I dressed_myself_up (打扮了一下) and left. Unfortunately, I met a traffic jam. I sounded the horn loudly but (and/so/but)the drivers ahead pretended_not_to_hear_me (假装没听见我). So I was caught in the traffic jam for three hours continually. What a pity! When I got to the company, the meeting had already finished. You really have no idea how I felt when ②I saw my name was marked with “absence”．

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)continually→on_end

　　(2)finished→come_to_an_end

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“there is was a(n) ... need for sb.to do sth.”句型改写句①

　　There_was_an_immediate_need_for_me_to_inform_our_boss of the list of some clerks who had extended their vacation for travel.

　　(2)用“see sth.done”结构改写句②

　　I_saw_my_name_marked_with_“absence”．

　　[课下练高考]

　　阅读理解提速练——练速度

　　(限时：20分钟)

　　A

　　(2016·石家庄高三教学质检二)If your parents were to surprise you with a present on your birthday, which one would you prefer, a trip to the amusement park or a new pair of shoes?

　　According to Science Daily, about one­third of the people are likely to prefer shoes to a fun trip. These people are called “materialists”， namely, those who value material goods more than experiences. But which of the two choices makes people happier?

　　Back in 2009, Ryan Howell, a professor at San Francisco State University, found that in the long run, experiences make people happier than possessions. This is because the joy of receiving a new object fades over time as you get used to seeing it every day. Experiences, on the other hand, can continue to bring you joy in the future through happy memories.

　　But materialists should at least be happy when they first buy something, shouldn't they?

　　To figure it out, Howell did another study. He classified a group of adults according to their personality types, ranging from less materialistic to more materialistic. Each person was asked different questions to see how they felt about spending money on material goods versus spending money on experiences.

　　As expected, the more materialistic participants got less happiness from purchases than the less materialistic, because such purchases didn't fit with their personalities and values. But to Howell's surprise, he found that materialists weren't any happier even if they spent money on material items.

　　This is because materialists worry that others may criticize or look down on their choices. “There are certain value systems that are rejected by society，” said Howell. “When we find out someone is materialistic, we think less of them, and that drives their happiness down.”

　　Another reason is that materialistic people always focus on what they don't have instead of what they have now. This makes them feel less satisfied and grateful.

　　If you happen to be a materialistic person, there's something you can try. “If materialists make more accurate purchases, rather than trying to impress others, they will be happier，” Howell said.

　　You should also remember what an ancient Greek philosopher once said, “Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; remember what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for.”

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过引用 Ryan Howell 的研究结果证实经历比有形物质更能给人带来快乐。

　　1．What did Ryan Howell find in his studies?

　　A．Material goods bring people less happiness than experiences.

　　B．About one­third of the people prefer material goods to experiences.

　　C．Materialists have more fun spending money on goods than on experiences.

　　D．Receiving a new object brings lasting joy while the joy of an experience fades soon.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“... found that in the long run, experiences make people happier than possessions”可知，经历比物品更能使人感到高兴。根据第六段中的“the more materialistic participants got less happiness from purchases than the less materialistic”可知，比较倾向物质主义的参与者比不太倾向物质主义的参与者从购物中得到的快乐更少。由此可见， Ryan Howell 在他的研究中发现：有形物质比经历给人带来的快乐更少。因此，该题选A。

　　2．What did Ryan Howell want to find out by doing another study?

　　A．How to judge whether a person is a materialist.

　　B．Why materialists are not happy with their purchases.

　　C．How materialists feel when they spend money on goods.

　　D．Whether materialists are happy when they first make purchases.

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段“But materialists should at least be happy when they first buy something, shouldn't they？”及第五段第一句“To figure it out, Howell did another study.”可知该题选D。

　　3．Why does the author use the ancient Greek philosopher's words in the last paragraph?

　　A．To advise materialistic people not to try to impress others.

　　B．To persuade people to be satisfied with what they have.

　　C．To prove it's unwise to be materialistic and desire too much.

　　D．To tell readers what they desire now might one day become theirs.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中那位哲学家的话“不要因期望你没有的东西而毁掉了你现在拥有的东西。记住：你现在拥有的东西就在你曾经渴望得到的东西之中”，再结合上文 Ryan Howell 研究得出的结论可知，作者引用这位哲学家的话旨在说服人们要对目前拥有的事物感到知足。因此，该题选B。

　　4．What can be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Are You a Materialist?

　　B．How To Acquire Happiness?

　　C．The Best Present for the Birthday

　　D．Which Can Make People Happier?

　　解析：选D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者通过引用 Ryan Howell 的研究结果证实经历比有形物质更能给人带来快乐，故D项作文章标题最佳。

　　B

　　(2016·甘肃省高三第一次诊断)College is not just about studying, writing essays and burning the midnight oil in the library. Making friends and enjoying yourself is also necessary for the courses. Parties are social events for students to gather and chat with each other.

　　Drinking and music　College parties in the US are always lacking in creativity and full of wine and music. The basic form rarely changes — drink until you cannot anymore and play loud music at an earth­shaking volume. There is plenty of beer involved, and some mixed cocktails.

　　Creativity in dress　The creativity comes in how parties are dressed up. Parties often have a specific theme, like a 90s party or a sports party. At a 90s party, guests might show up dressed like once­famous celebrities. At a sports party, guests might wear their favorite team's uniforms.

　　Held in apartments　The party is usually held in the apartment of a particular outgoing friend. Everyone will be invited, which means strangers will wander in and out of the apartment where you can get to know and make some new friends.

　　Ugly sweater party　On holidays, parties frequently take on a proper theme. A popular theme around Christmas is the ugly sweater party. The goal is to wear the ugliest sweater you can find, creating an atmosphere of fun.

　　Whatever the occasion is, there will be no shortage of booze. If you are smart enough, you won't have so much as to lose your consciousness. Parties are always better when you can remember them the next day.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国大学里的派对。大学生活不仅有挑灯夜战的苦读，还应该有社交的乐趣。派对是交流、交友的一种方式。

　　5．This passage introduces ________.

　　A．what to wear at the US college parties

　　B．how much to drink at the US college parties

　　C．how to make friends at the US colleges

　　D．parties of the US colleges

　　解析：选D　主旨大意题。根据第一段的最后一句和第二段的第一句“Now let's follow a foreign friend to see what parties in the US are like.”可知，本文主要介绍了美国大学里的派对，故选D项。

　　6．The passage is probably written for ________ in colleges.

　　A．the freshmen

　　B．the party lovers

　　C．the graduates

　　D．the excellent students

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句“Get some inspiration to have fun with your friends in your new life.”可知，本文是针对开始新的校园生活的人，也就是大一的新生，故选A项。

　　7．The author attaches importance to ________ at the parties in colleges.

　　A．creativity arising from inspiration

　　B．drinking to your heart's content

　　C．communication combined with fun

　　D．dressing in a fancy style

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Making friends and enjoying yourself is also necessary for the courses.”可推知，作者认为交友和玩得开心是很必要的，故选C项。

　　8．What does the underlined word “booze” in the last paragraph mean?

　　A．Juice.

　　B．Alcohol.

　　C．Food.

　　D．Music.

　　解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后两句可知，作者建议在派对上不要喝太多的酒，不能失去意识，要保持清醒，由此可判断，booze是“酒”的意思，故选B项。

　　C

　　(2016·郑州市高中毕业年级质量预测)“A photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically with a smart phone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website” is the definition of “selfie” in the Oxford English Dictionary. In fact, it wasn't even in the dictionary until August of 2017. It earned its place there because people are now so obsessed with (对……痴迷) selfies — we take them when we try on a new hat, play with our pets or when we meet a friend whom we haven't seen in a while.

　　But is there any scientific explanation for this obsession? Well, you should probably ask James Kilner, a neuroscientist (神经系统科学家) at University College London.

　　Through our lifetime we become experts at recognizing and interpreting other people's faces and facial expressions. In contrast, according to Kilner, we have a very poor understanding of our own faces since we have little experience of looking at them — we just feel them most of the time.

　　This has been proved in previous studies, according to the BBC.

　　Kilner found that most people chose the more attractive picture. This suggests that we tend to think of ourselves as better­looking than we actually are. To further test how we actually perceive our own faces, Kilner carried out another study. He showed people different versions of their own portrait — the original, one that had been edited to look less attractive and one that was made more attractive — and asked them to pick the version which they thought looked most like them. They chose the more attractive version.

　　But what does it say about selfies? Well, isn't that obvious? Selfies give us the power to create a photograph — by taking it from various angles, with different poses, using filters (滤色镜) and so on — that better matches our expectations with our actual faces.

　　“You suddenly have control in a way that you don't have in non­virtual (非虚拟的) interactions，” Kilner told the Canada­based CTV News. Selfies allow you “to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you're happy with”， he explained.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇研究报告。分析了人们喜欢自拍的原因。

　　9．What is the passage mainly about?

　　A．The definition and fun of taking selfies.

　　B．A study of why people love taking selfies.

　　C．How taking selfies influences people's daily lives.

　　D．How to interpret people's facial expressions in their selfies.

　　解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从不同角度分析了人们喜欢自拍的原因。故B项正确。

　　10．The underlined word “perceive” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．

　　A．interpret　

　　B．beautify

　　C．choose

　　D．explain

　　解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，大多数人选择的是更有魅力的照片，这表明我们都喜欢把自己想象得比实际更漂亮一些。为了进一步测试我们实际上如何“认知”自己的脸部，Kilner又进行了另一项研究，即把不同的照片进行编辑，一张忠实于本人，一张更具魅力，他们往往会选择后者。此处perceive与下文中的“thought”相照应，意为“理解，认知”。故A项正确。

　　11．According to Kilner, people like taking selfies probably because they think ________.

　　A．it is a good chance to learn more about their actual faces

　　B．it is a way to respond to others' facial expressions correctly

　　C．it enables them to interact with their friends in social media

　　D．it allows them to satisfy their expectations with their appearances

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后两段中的“that better matches our expectations with our actual faces”和“Selfies allow you ‘to keep taking pictures until you manage to take one you're happy with’”可知，自拍能够让我们实际的容貌与期望的一致，即满足对于自我容貌的期待。故D项正确。

　　Module 5　The Great Sports Personality

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.background n． 背景

　　2.guarantee vt.

　　保证

　　3.purchase vt.

　　购买

　　4.specific adj.

　　具体的，特定的

　　5.symbol n.

　　符号

　　6.score v.

　　得分

　　7.final n.

　　决赛

　　8.quality n.

　　特性；品德；品性

　　9.victory n.

　　胜利

　　10.protest vi.

　　抗议

　　11.tough adj.

　　费力的；棘手的；困难的

　　12.retire vi.退休→retirement n．退休

　　13.perform vi.表现→performer n．执行者；表演者→performance n．表现；表演

　　14.champion n．冠军→championship n．冠军地位；锦标赛

　　15.declare vt.宣布→declaration n．宣言；声明

　　16.designer n．设计师→design v．& n．设计

　　17.advantage n．优势；长处→disadvantage (反义词) n．劣势，不利条件→weakness n．缺点；弱点

　　18.competitor n．竞争者；对手→compete vi.竞争→competitive adj.竞争的→competition n．竞赛；比赛 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.Under their law it was possible to divorce by simple declaration (declare)．

　　2.Tom is retiring next year, so he is asking Mr. Smith, a retired doctor, who is 80 years old, for some advice on how to spend the retirement life.(retire)

　　3.Some young athletes who took part in the 2017 Nanjing Youth Olympics performed well and they hoped to improve their performance a lot after the event.(perform)

　　4.The advantage of cycling to work is that we can live a low­carbon life while the disadvantage is that it wastes time.(advantage)

　　5.The two athletes are competing for the gold medal. The result of the competition is hard to predict because the two competitors are both excellent and competitive.(compete)

　　6.He was the only champion who won world table tennis championship five times.(champion) 1.“优缺点”相关名词集锦

　　①

　　②

　　③

　　2.per­开头单词大团圆

　　①perform vi.　表现

　　②permanent adj.

　　永久的

　　③personal adj.

　　个人的

　　④personnel n.

　　职员

　　⑤perfect adj.

　　完美的

　　⑥permit vt.

　　允许

　　⑦persuade vt.

　　说服

　　3.盘点后缀­or表示人的名词

　　①operator

　　操作员

　　②inventor

　　发明者

　　③conductor

　　售票员

　　④translator

　　翻译家

　　⑤editor

　　编辑

　　⑥sailor

　　水手

　　⑦competitor

　　竞争者

　　⑧director

　　指挥；导演

　　⑨governor

　　政府官员

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.on_the_increase　正在增加

　　2.have_an_advantage_over

　　比……有优势

　　3.by_chance

　　偶然

　　4.vote_for

　　投票选举

　　5.compete_with

　　同……竞争

　　6.up_to_sb.

　　由某人决定

　　7.rise_to_one's_feet

　　站起身

　　8.pick_up

　　捡起，拾起；扶起

　　9.according_to

　　根据；依据

　　10.make_a_list_of

　　拟写一份名单

　　11.of_all_time

　　有史以来

　　12.step_out

　　走出去 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.—When shall we go to see our teacher？

　　—It's up_to you. Any time is OK for me.

　　2.To our great delight, our pay is on_the_increase,_which makes it possible for us to buy a house.

　　3.The guests rose_to_their_feet and went out, applauding the golden couple.

　　4.I want to know what she stands for before I vote_for her.

　　5.Two of his friends once stepped_out in front of the car, leading the way.

　　6.Michael Jordan is one of the greatest basketball players of_all_time. 1.“v.＋for”短语荟萃

　　①vote for　投票选举

　　go for

　　试图获得

　　care for

　　关心；喜欢

　　seek for

　　寻找；追求

　　long for

　　渴望；向往

　　make for

　　走向；有助于

　　call for

　　要求；需要

　　stand for

　　代表；支持

　　2.compete短语小结

　　①compete in参加……比赛；

　　在……方面竞争

　　②compete for

　　为……而竞争

　　③compete with/against

　　同……竞争

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.

　　但即使他已经赢得了自己在体操运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败感退了役。 even though“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。

　　尽管金钱对于生活是必不可少的，但是它买不到幸福。

　　Even_though money is necessary to life, it can't buy happiness.

　　2.But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life.

　　但正是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。 “It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...”为强调句型。 正是在你外出期间，有一位年轻男子打电话找你。

　　It_was while you were out that a young man rang up asking for you.

　　3.If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.

　　如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。 the chances are (that) ...“很可能……”。 我希望学生们能够按时赶到，但很有可能他们会像往常一样迟到。

　　I hope that the students will arrive on time but the_chances_are_that they will be late as usual.

　　1．perform vt.& vi.履行，执行；表演，表现；运转

　　[高考佳句]　After that, we'll sing their favourite songs and perform folk dances.(2015·全国卷书面表达)

　　在那之后，我们将会演唱他们最喜爱的歌曲并表演民间舞蹈。

　　(1)perform one's duty/promise 履行职责/诺言

　　perform an experiment/operation

　　做实验/手术

　　(2)performance n.

　　表演，演出；表现；执行，履行

　　give/put on a performance

　　演出

　　performer n.

　　执行者，表演者，演奏者，能手

　　You'd better perform_your_promise that you will finish your task on time.

　　你最好履行你按时完成任务的承诺。

　　The famous singer will_give/put_on_a_performance at the Shanghai Gymnasium next month.

　　这位著名歌手下个月将在上海体育馆演出。

　　2．advantage n．优势；长处；优点，有利条件

　　[教材原句]　Li Ning's designs were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better­known rivals — they were cheaper.

　　李宁的服装设计很吸引人，它们有个比竞争对手更显著的优势——它们更便宜。

　　(1)take (full) advantage of　

　　(充分)利用

　　gain/win/have an advantage over sb.

　　比某人有优势；胜过，优于

　　to one's advantage ＝ to the advantage of sb.

　　对某人有利

　　have the advantage of (doing) sth.

　　有(做)……的有利条件

　　(2)disadvantage n.

　　劣势；不利条件

　　Take_full_advantage_of this opportunity to perform and you will have an advantage over your rivals in the performance.

　　充分利用这次表演的机会，你就会在表演方面胜过你的对手。

　　It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.

　　学习某种计算机课程可能会对你有利。

　　3．guarantee vt.保证；担保；为……作担保；使……必然发生 n．保证(书)；担保(物)；抵押品；保修单

　　[经典例句]　Take this opportunity, and I guarantee you won't regret it.(牛津P868)

　　抓住这个机会吧，我保证你不会后悔的。

　　(1)guarantee to do sth.保证做某事

　　保证某人得到某物

　　be guaranteed to do sth.

　　肯定会做某事

　　guarantee ... against/from ...

　　保证……免遭……

　　(2)give sb. a guarantee

　　给某人保证/承诺

　　under guarantee

　　在保修期内

　　①Can you give_me_a_guarantee that the work will be finished on time?

　　你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？

　　②If you yell at him, he's guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.

　　如果你冲他大喊大叫，他肯定会跟你对着干。

　　4．declare vt.宣布，宣称；宣告；声明；申报

　　[教材原句]　The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner.

　　美国人提出了抗议，而最后那位美国选手被宣布获胜。

　　declare war on/against向……宣战

　　declare for/against

　　表示赞成/反对

　　declare sb.to be ...

　　宣布某人为……

　　declare ...open/closed

　　宣布……开始/结束

　　declare that ...

　　宣布……

　　①President Bush said if terrorists declared_war_on/against the United States, war would be what they got.

　　布什总统说如果恐怖分子向美国宣战，那么他们得到的就是战争。

　　②The company declared_that it would recall the machines under guarantee.

　　这个公司宣布会召回那些在保修期内的机器。

　　[熟词生义]　读句子猜词义

　　③It is hoped that government officials declare all they have earned in a year, which is thought to be helpful to prevent corruption. 申报

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(用所给词的适当形式填空/介词填空)

　　1．The performer,_whose performance was popular with the audience all the time, performed very well on the stage this evening.(perform)

　　2．The athlete came to the point of considering an early retirement (retire)．

　　3．To win the championship (champion) in the next game is certainly a challenging job for her.

　　4．Johnson is a very successful fashion designer (design) and many people enjoy reading his thoughts.

　　5．Crowds of young demonstrators protested against the increase in students' fees.

　　6．Runners from many countries competed with each other for the first gold medal in the Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing.

　　7．In September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.

　　8．The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a symbol of courage and power.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．advantage点点练

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs.

　　②With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, you'd better take advantage of your spare time to study.

　　③It will be to your advantage to study abroad.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④I will make full use of the chance to exchange views with them.

　　→I will take full advantage of the chance to exchange views with them.

　　2．guarantee多棱镜

　　(1)介词填空

　　①This insurance guarantees you against/from loss in case of fire.

　　②The car is less than one year old, so it is still under guarantee.

　　(2)句型转换

　　③Can you guarantee I will have a job when I get there?

　　→Can you guarantee me a job when I get there?

　　④You have to guarantee that you will finish the work on time.

　　→You have to guarantee to finish the work on time.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出perform的词性和词义

　　(A)vi.演出，表演(B)vt.做

　　(C)vt.履行，执行

　　(D)vi.表现

　　1．I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.__A__

　　2．The young man is very honest and is sure to perform his promise.__C__

　　3．What made him disappointed was that he didn't perform well as expected.__D__

　　4．The doctor performed the operation quite well and the patient was very satisfied with his performance.__B__

　　1．on the increase/rise正在增加/长，在增大

　　[教材原句]　The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase — and sport had never been so popular.

　　有钱消费的年轻人的数量在增加，而体育运动也变得前所未有的普及。

　　(1)increase v．增加；增大；提高(反义词：decrease v．减少，下降)

　　increase/decrease by

　　增长/减少了……

　　increase/decrease to

　　增加/减少到……

　　(2)on the decrease/decline

　　在减少；在衰退中

　　The number of students going abroad for further study is on_the_decrease nowadays.

　　当下去国外继续深造的学生的数量在不断减少。

　　The number of students attending the College Entrance Examination in 2015 has increased by 5% than last year.

　　2015年参加高考的学生的人数比去年增加了5%。

　　2．rise to one's feet站起身

　　[教材原句]　As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42­kilometre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer.

　　每当领先的运动员进入体育馆来跑完那全程42公里的最后几米时，全场观众都会站起来为他欢呼雀跃。

　　jump/leap to one's feet 跳起来

　　struggle to one's feet

　　挣扎着站起来

　　stand on one's own feet

　　自立，经济上独立

　　set foot on/in

　　进入，踏上

　　①At the sight of the police, he jumped_to_his_feet and ran away.

　　一看到警察，他跳起来跑掉了。

　　②As soon as the Chinese boy set_foot_on America, he realized he would stand_on_his_own_feet.

　　这个中国男孩一踏上美国，就意识到他要自立。

　　3．If you go into a school or university anywhere, the_chances_are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.

　　如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。

　　句中含有(the) chances are (that) ...句型，意为“很可能……”，句型中的the和that都可省略，that引导表语从句。表达此意时还可用there is a chance that ..., that引导同位语从句。

　　there's no chance of doing/to do sth./that ...

　　不可能……

　　have a chance of doing/to do sth.

　　有做某事的机会

　　take a chance/chances

　　冒险，碰运气

　　by chance/accident

　　偶然；碰巧

　　①The_chances_are_(that) we cannot finish the task on time.

　　很可能我们无法按时完成任务。

　　②There is no chance to_do (do) business if you insist on that offer.

　　如果你们坚持那个报价，就不可能做成生意。

　　③Is_there_any_chance_that the patient rises to his feet again?

　　这个病人有可能再站起来吗？

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/句型转换

　　①He was thought to have_performed (perform) well in the competition.

　　②—Shall we have red wine or white?

　　—It's up to you.

　　③Everyone stepped out; only I was in.

　　④Dean refused to join in the game, even though we all did our best to persuade him.

　　⑤Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?

　　⑥We won't compete with other athletes in the 100­meter race if we don't spend more time training hard.

　　⑦Is there any possibility that you could pick me up at the airport?

　　⑧It's likely that man will eventually land on Mars.

　　→There is a chance that man will eventually land on Mars.

　　→Chances are that man will eventually land on Mars.

　　2．运用所学词语、句型完成片段

　　Our monitor ①performed well (表现得好) in the running race and was declared to be the winner not only for his achievement but also for his spirit. In the third lap, he fell down. But he ②struggled_to_his_feet (挣扎着站起来) and ran towards the final line. At that moment, all the students ③rose to their feet (站起来) and cheered for him. When talking about his success, he said that it was being mentally tough that made him ④have_an_advantage_over (比……有优势)the other competitors. In his opinion, years of hard training can ⑤guarantee a person's victory (保证一个人的成功). He shows great respect for the brave and strong­willed soldiers. So ⑥(the)_chances_are_(that) (很可能) after graduating from high school he will join the army and become a soldier.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．increase相关短语全扫描

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①To our delight, varieties of birds in the forest are on the increase.

　　②The housing price is hoped to decrease by 10% this year.

　　③The workers want to decrease the amount of working hours to 7 hours a day.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　The number of people who own private cars is ④on_the_increase (在增加) in China. By the end of June of last year, the number ⑤had_increased_to (已增加到) 80 million. But the number of people who want to buy Japanese cars is ⑥on_the_decrease (在减少)．

　　2．foot相关短语万花筒

　　(1)完成句子

　　①我看见两个男孩正同时站起来回答问题。

　　I saw two boys rising_to_their_feet at the same time to answer the question.

　　②那个人费劲地站起来继续向前走去。

　　The man struggled_to_his_feet and went on walking forward.

　　③华侨们非常高兴地踏上祖国的土地。

　　The overseas Chinese are very glad to set_foot_on their homeland.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④No sooner had the question been put forward than someone stood up to answer it.

　　→No sooner had the question been put forward than someone rose to his feet to answer it.

　　⑤When his parents died he had to learn to be independent.

　　→When his parents died he had to learn to stand on his own feet.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．We cannot hope to compete with so experienced a team.

　　2．With the production increasing (increase) by 30%, our company has made great progress.

　　3．It's high time someone protested/should_protest (protest) against human rights violations.

　　4．It's obvious that they want to take advantage of us, and the present situation is not to our advantage.

　　5．My watch is still under guarantee, so they'll fix it for free.

　　6．The police have declared war on drug dealing in the neighborhood.

　　7．She met an old friend of hers yesterday by chance while she was shopping at the department store.

　　8．In China, as we all know, brides are often dressed in red as it is a symbol of good fortune.

　　9．It's up to you to decide whether we buy this set of furniture or not.

　　10．Allow the children to voice their opinions, even if/though they are different from yours.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．Shortly after the accident, two scores policemen were sent to the spot to keep order.scores→score

　　2．Can you give me guarantee that the work will be finished on time？me后加a

　　3．There was a large crowd in the square, protested against the war.protested→protesting

　　4．The new survey shows that the number of students addicted to computer games has been in the increase in recent years.第一个in→on

　　5．It was in the park that the family used to camp that the couple found their child.第一个that→where

　　6．Bravely, Mary struggled to her foot, and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.foot→feet

　　7．A group of young people called “singers” by others will put on performance in our town tonight.performance前加a

　　8．We had to recognize that they had many advantages to us in some aspects.第二个to→over

　　Ⅲ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　Those days, the number of people who signed_up_for_the_athletics (报名参加田径运动) was rising. And it's the largest of_all_time (有史以来). Everyone has_his_own_advantages (有自己的优势) and wants to be the_final_champion (最后的冠军). Actually the contest was competitive_and_dramatic (竞争性的和戏剧性的). Fortunately, I performed_excellently (表现出色) and scored_the_highest_mark (得了最高分) in the final. When the host declared that I was the champion, I stood up, walked to the platform for the prize and meanwhile couldn't hold back my tears. I don't think I get the prize by_chance (偶然地). ①And I do think that my trainer's help and years of hard training ensure my victory. Whenever (whatever/wherever/whenever) I think of it, I always feel proud of myself.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加彩部分

　　(1)rising→on_the_increase

　　(2)stood up→rose_to_my_feet

　　(3)ensure→guarantee

　　2．用强调句型(强调主语)改写句①

　　And_I_do_think_that_it_was_my_trainer's_help_and_years_of_hard_training_that_ensure_my_victory.

　　[课下练高考]

　　“阅读＋七选五＋完形”组合练——练题型

　　(限时：35分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·洛阳高三模拟)If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.

　　Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers and non­joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non­joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries (动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.

　　Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy, jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”

　　The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and long­distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study，“You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health.And perhaps you shouldn't actually do too much.”

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。最新的一项科学研究显示：从事剧烈运动的人与根本不锻炼的人死亡几率是一样的，而适度的锻炼会有益于健康。

　　1．The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”．

　　A．hard

　　B．regular

　　C．practical

　　D．flexible

　　解析：选A　词义猜测题。此处指像马拉松一样的锻炼，所以strenuous应与hard意思相近，表示“艰苦的，费力的”。regular“定时的”；practical“实用的”；flexible“灵活的”。

　　2．The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ________.

　　A．suggest giving up jogging

　　B．show risks of doing sports

　　C．provide supportive evidence

　　D．introduce the research process

　　解析：选C　写作目的题。作者在第二段中采用了列数字的方法，是为了提供支持的证据，能更有力地说明第一段的研究结论。

　　3．According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?

　　A．It may injure the heart and arteries.

　　B．It can make the body tired out.

　　C．It will bring much pressure.

　　D．It consumes too much energy.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries (动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.”可知，剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉结构发生变化，从而有损健康。

　　4．What can be inferred from the text?

　　A．Jogging is the best exercise.

　　B．More exercise means a healthier life.

　　C．Marathons runners are least likely to die.

　　D．Proper exercise contributes to good health.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，过度锻炼不仅没有必要，而且还可能有害，适当的锻炼会有助于健康。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·郑州市高中毕业年级质量预测)Although most games have winners and losers, the goal of sports is not to win every game. The real goals include getting exercise, having fun, and learning important social skills, like good sportsmanship.

　　Good sportsmanship is all about respect. Good sports (具有运动家品格的人) respect the other players on their team. They respect the players on opposing teams. They respect their coaches, and they also respect the referees or other officials involved in their games.__1__ They yell at their teammates and they talk back to coaches or referees.

　　Kids usually learn sportsmanship — good and bad — from the adults in their lives.__2__ If parents and coaches show disrespect to other fans, referees, or each other, kids will likely act the same way on the field.

　　__3__ Some of them are very basic and easy to do, like shaking hands with other players before a game. Other examples may take a little more courage, such as acknowledging a great play made by the opposing team.

　　Learning good sportsmanship is important because it helps you develop an attitude of graciousness (礼貌) and respect that will carry over into all the other areas of your life.__4__ Being a good sport in the classroom will eventually lead to being a good sport in the workplace.

　　So be a good sport in whatever you do！__5__ When others see you acting in a way that makes it clear that win­ning isn't the most important thing, you can move on to focusing on the important things, like having fun, getting exercise, and improving your skills!

　　A．Good sportsmanship can be shown in many ways.

　　B．On the contrary, bad sportsmanship is all about disrespect.

　　C．The example you set can be a powerful teaching tool for others.

　　D．Players' parents and coaches set examples that kids tend to follow.

　　E．We can be good sports by encouraging others but not laughing at them.

　　F．Starting as a good sport earlier will help you be a good sport as you get old.

　　G．If you're a good sport on the field, you'll also likely be a good sport in the classroom.

　　答案：1～5　BDAGC

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　(2016·南昌市高三一模)Don't let Aurora's small stature (身高) fool you — her spirit is strong. She is one of 140 chickens __1__ from a farm. When we saved her, she was tiny and sick and it seemed __2__ that she would survive. Having never got the right __3__， many of the chickens were sick and some __4__ died.

　　At a young age, Aurora and her sisters and brothers were __5__ by their mom. Luckily, another mother __6__ their care. Aurora seemed the last to __7__ food and attention. She grew at a much slower __8__ than her brothers and sisters. Everything seemed __9__ her.

　　At the young age of seven months, Aurora had lost two moms and was __10__ to find a place with the other chickens.

　　Aurora __11__ found comfort from an old chicken named Margaret, staying under her wings during the cold nights,

　　__12__ Margaret was so old that a few months later she died. Aurora, in her own way, thinks of Margaret. Every evening, you will find her in the __13__ spot where she kept Margaret company. __14__ when the other chickens try to __15__ her away, Aurora comes back.

　　As Aurora grew, we became __16__ at her love to simply live. Nothing __17__ her.

　　So remember, when life seems so __18__ that you can't take it, think of Aurora. She has lost two moms, watched her sisters and brothers die, and __19__ from serious illnesses. Yet she enjoys the small, sweet __20__ life has offered — safety, food, warmth and good friendships.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，描述了一只小鸡为了生存与各种困难顽强抗争的故事。

　　1．A.raised　

　　B．purchased

　　C．rescued

　　D．collected

　　解析：选C　根据下文中的“When we saved her”的提示可知，她是被从农场救出来的140只小鸡中的一只。 raise“提起，养育”；purchase“购买”；rescue“营救”；collect“收集”。

　　2．A.hopeful

　　B．proper

　　C．possible

　　D．unlikely

　　解析：选D　根据空前的“she was tiny and sick”可知，小鸡生病了而且还很弱小，故此处是说她似乎不太可能活下来。hopeful“有希望的”；proper“恰当的”； possible“可能的”；unlikely“不大可能的”。

　　3．A.touch

　　B．care

　　C．gift

　　D．partner

　　解析：选B　根据“many of the chickens were sick”可判断出，因为没有得到适当的照顾，很多小鸡才会生病甚至一些不幸死亡。touch“触摸”；care“照顾”；gift“礼物”；partner“搭档”。

　　4．A.sadly

　　B．angrily

　　C．coldly

　　D．calmly

　　解析：选A　参见上题解析。sadly“不幸地”；angrily“愤怒地”；coldly“冷漠地”；calmly“平静地”。

　　5．A.punished

　　B．refused

　　C．abandoned

　　D．scolded

　　解析：选C　根据下文的“Luckily another mother”以及“Aurora had lost two moms”可以推断，第一个母亲遗弃了她和她的兄弟姐妹们。punish“惩罚”；refuse“拒绝”；abandon“遗弃”；scold“责骂”。

　　6．A.took on

　　B．put forward

　　C．looked after

　　D．brought about

　　解析：选A　幸运的是，另外一个母亲决定照顾他们。take on“决定做，承担”；put forward“提出”；look after“照顾”；bring about“导致”。

　　7．A.get

　　B．eat

　　C．draw

　　D．offer

　　解析：选A　根据下文“她比她的兄弟姐妹们长得慢”可知，此处是说她看起来是最后一个得到(get)食物和关心的。

　　8．A.cost

　　B．rate

　　C．standard

　　D．value

　　解析：选B　根据本文第一句提到的“small stature (身高)”以及上一句提到的“last to __7__ food and attention”可以判断， Aurora 生长的速度慢于她的兄弟姐妹们，所以个子小。cost“成本”；rate“速度”；standard“标准”；value“价值”。

　　9．A.for

　　B．around

　　C．about

　　D．against

　　解析：选D　根据上文的叙述可知，Aurora 的生活不如意，因此一切似乎都在和她作对。 against“逆，反对”，符合语境。

　　10．A.arranging

　　B．choosing

　　C．struggling

　　D．affording

　　解析：选C　Aurora 已经失去了两个妈妈，她需要努力找栖身之处。struggle“拼搏，努力”，符合语境。

　　11．A.lately

　　B．eventually

　　C．constantly

　　D．frequently

　　解析：选B　此处与上一段相呼应，她在努力寻找之后，终于(eventually)找到了安慰。

　　12．A.unless

　　B．so

　　C．because

　　D．but

　　解析：选D　虽然找到了安身之处，可是 Margaret 因为年老而死去了。此空前后之间在意思上是转折关系，因此选连词 but。

　　13．A.same

　　B．relevant

　　C．similar

　　D．normal

　　解析：选A　Aurora 每天晚上都到同样的地方去陪伴 Margaret。此处用 same 表示她的执着。same“同样的”； relevant“有关的”；similar“类似的”；normal“正常的”。

　　14．A.Still

　　B．Thus

　　C．Even

　　D．Yet

　　解析：选C　甚至当别的小鸡推开她时，她会再回来。still“仍然”；thus“因此”；even“甚至”；yet“然而”。

　　15．A.clear

　　B．put

　　C．turn

　　D．push

　　解析：选D　参见上题解析。push away意为“推开”。

　　16．A.nervous

　　B．amazed

　　C．excited

　　D．disappointed

　　解析：选B　根据文章的第一句“Don't let Aurora's small stature (身高) fool you — her spirit is strong.”可知，我们为 Aurora 只要活着的热情而感到惊讶。nervous “紧张的”；amazed“惊奇的”；excited“兴奋的，激动的”；disappointed“失望的”。

　　17．A.helped

　　B．attracted

　　C．impressed

　　D．stopped

　　解析：选D　没有什么能使她停下来。help“帮助”；attract“吸引”；impress“给……留下深刻印象”；stop“停止”。

　　18．A.tough

　　B．different

　　C．smooth

　　D．boring

　　解析：选A　综合上文，生活对于 Aurora 来说一直是艰难的，所以当生活似乎很艰难时，你可以想想她的遭遇。tough “艰难的，棘手的”；different“不同的”；smooth“顺利的”；boring“无趣的，乏味的”。

　　19．A.waked

　　B．made

　　C．recovered

　　D．learned

　　解析：选C　本句话的三个并列谓语都是 Aurora 的经历，所以选择 recovered 与“from serious illnesses”搭配。

　　20．A.chances

　　B．pleasures

　　C．dreams

　　D．services

　　解析：选B　尽管尝尽生活的艰辛， Aurora却得到了生活给予她的简单的甜蜜的乐趣，即后面所说的“safety, food, warmth and good friendships”。

　　chance“机会”；pleasure“乐事”；dream“梦想”；service“服务”。

　　Module 6　Animals in Danger

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.struggle n． 挣扎；斗争

　　2.reserve n.

　　保护区；保护圈

　　v.

　　预订，预约；保留

　　3.spot n.

　　(某事发生的)准确地点；现场

　　4.condition n．(­s)

　　环境；情况

　　5.meanwhile adv.

　　同时

　　6.live adj.

　　活的

　　7.wonder n.

　　奇迹

　　8.waste vt.

　　浪费

　　9.focus n.

　　焦点；集中点

　　10.endanger vt.使……处于险境；危及→endangered adj.濒危的→danger n．危险→dangerous adj.危险的

　　11.extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的→extinction n．灭绝；绝种

　　12.protect vt.保护→protection n．保护

　　13.worth adj.值……钱→worthy adj.值得……的→worthwhile adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的

　　14.aim n．目标；目的→aimless adj.无目标的

　　15.involve vt.涉及；包括→involved adj.有关的

　　16.energy n．能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的 用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1.The tiger endangered the safety of the deer, but the endangered deer dealt with the dangerous situation smartly. Now it is out of danger.(danger)

　　2.Many animals are already extinct,_or are close to extinction.(extinct)

　　3.This tent offers little protection against the severe storm, so we should find a house to protect ourselves.(protect)

　　4.This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated. So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile.(worth)

　　5.The old man is still full of energy and his wife is even more energetic.(energy)

　　6.It's an aimless journey; all of us don't know what our aim is.(aim)

　　7.The murder involved many people but only a few proved to be involved in it.(involve) 1.reserve形近词一览

　　①preserve vt.　 　保存

　　②observe vt.

　　观察

　　③conserve vt.

　　保存

　　④deserve v.

　　应受

　　⑤serve vt.

　　招待

　　2.聚焦live形近词

　　①alive adj.

　　活着的

　　②lively adj.

　　活泼的

　　③lovely adj.

　　可爱的

　　④living adj.

　　活的

　　3.“齐力”并举

　　①insight n.

　　洞察力

　　②ability n.

　　能力

　　③power n.

　　权力

　　④energy n.

　　精力

　　⑤force n.

　　武力

　　⑥strength n.

　　力量

　　⑦intelligence n.

　　智力

　　⑧violence n.

　　暴力

　　⑨appreciation n.

　　欣赏力

　　⑩effort n.

　　努力

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.feed_on　(动物)以……为食

　　2.give_one's_life_to

　　为……献身

　　3.on_the_spot

　　当场；在现场

　　4.no_wonder

　　难怪，不足为奇

　　5.come_into_fashion

　　成为时尚

　　6.stand_for

　　代表

　　7.get_tough_with

　　对……采取强硬措施　

　　8.keep_an_eye_on

　　照看，照料；留意

　　9.be_involved_in_...

　　卷入……，涉及……

　　10.set_up

　　建立，设立；安排

　　11.be_concerned_about_sth.

　　关心/担心某事

　　12.focus_..._on

　　把……集中于 选用左栏短语填空

　　1.Countries along the sea have set_up an emergency system to prevent some major events.

　　2.Farmers here focus their attention on keeping the soil rich and free of diseases.

　　3.My dad's name is Dean E. Beller. Do you know what the E stands_for？

　　4.When the guy was trying to break away from the old man, he was caught by the police on_the_spot.

　　5.However, a new type of humor, which seems a little impolite, has recently come_into_fashion.

　　6.Ross has never been_concerned_about what other people think of it.

　　7.Can you keep_an_eye_on my luggage while I'm away？ 1.feed短语荟萃

　　①feed on　 　以……为食

　　feed sth. to .../feed ... on sth.

　　用……喂……

　　be fed up with

　　感到厌烦

　　2.keep短语大团圆

　　keep an eye on照看；留意

　　keep away (from)

　　(使)避开

　　keep off

　　(使)避开

　　keep doing sth.

　　一直做某事

　　keep on doing sth.

　　一直做某事

　　keep up

　　保持；维护

　　keep up with

　　跟上；不落后

　　3.“专心于某事”短语大集合

　　put one's heart into sth.

　　②fix/focus one's attention on sth.

　　③concentrate one's attention on sth.

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Although surprised, the poachers had an advantage — there were more of them.

　　尽管很吃惊，(但是)偷猎者有一个优势——他们人多。 although引导让步状语从句，其后省略了they were。 尽管出身于贫苦家庭，朱之文从未放弃自己的梦想并已成为中国著名的歌手之一。

　　Although_born_in_a_poor_family,_ Zhu Zhiwen never gives up his dream and has become one of the famous singers in China.

　　2.But today the government seems to be winning the battle.

　　但是现在政府好像正在赢得这场战斗。 to be winning为动词不定式的进行时，作seems的表语。 当我经过经理办公室时，经理好像在唱歌。

　　The manager seemed_to_be_singing a song when I passed by his office.

　　3.Only about 1,000 survive, most of them in Siberia.

　　只有大约1 000只(老虎)幸存下来，大部分在西伯利亚。 “代词＋介词短语”构成独立主格结构。 令我们吃惊的是，这个小女孩已读了30多本书了，其中大部分是英文书。

　　To our surprise, the girl has read more than 30 books, most_of_them_in_English.

　　1．reserve n．保护区；保护圈；预备品，贮存；候补队员vt.储备，保存；保留；预约，预订

　　[经典例句]　A separate room is reserved for smokers.(朗文P2140)

　　另有一个房间留给吸烟者用。

　　(1)without reserve毫无保留地

　　in reserve

　　备用

　　natural reserve

　　自然保护区

　　(2)reserve sth. for sb.

　　为某人保留某物

　　reserve a room/table/seat

　　预订房间/桌子/座位

　　reserve the right to do sth.

　　保留做某事的权利

　　①We accept your statement without_reserve.

　　我们毫无保留地接受你的意见。

　　②I have reserved_a_room for you at the hotel.

　　我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。

　　[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义

　　③He is just a reserve in the football team.候补队员

　　2．struggle n．& v．挣扎，奋斗；斗争

　　[教材原句]　The question is: What can we do to help them in their struggle for survival?

　　问题是：在它们为了生存而进行的斗争中，我们能做些什么来帮助它们呢？

　　struggle against 与……斗争

　　struggle for

　　为……而斗争

　　struggle with

　　与……斗争；和……并肩奋斗

　　struggle to do sth.

　　努力/挣扎着做某事

　　struggle to one's feet

　　挣扎着站起来

　　①She's struggling to_raise (raise) a family on a very low income.

　　她正靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。

　　②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.

　　我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。

　　3．protect vt.保护；防护

　　[高考佳句]　Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.(2017·上海高考写作)

　　它专业的保安人员和先进的设备可以更好地保护那些名画(使它们)不被损坏或盗取。

　　(1)protect sb./sth. from 保护某人/某物使不受……

　　protect sb./sth. against

　　防止某人/某物遭受……

　　(2)protection n.

　　保护

　　under the protection of

　　在……的保护下

　　The woman struggled to protect her son from being hurt.

　　那位女士尽力保护她的儿子不受伤害。

　　Little children live under_the_protection_of their parents.

　　小孩是在父母的保护下生活的。

　　4．worth adj.值……钱；值得……的

　　[教材原句]　Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.

　　那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动，一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊，只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的幼崽。

　　(1)be worth＋some money 值多少钱

　　be (well) worth doing

　　……(非常)值得做(主动形式表被动意义)

　　(2)worthy adj.

　　值得的

　　be worthy

　　值得……

　　(3)worthwhile adj.

　　值得花时间/金钱/精力的

　　It's worthwhile

　　做……是值得的

　　His suggestion put forward at the conference is worth considering (consider)．

　　他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。

　　[写作联想]　上面例句其他表达方式

　　His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy of being considered.

　　②His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy to be considered.

　　③It is worthwhile to consider/considering his suggestion put forward at the conference.

　　5．wonder n．奇迹，奇观，惊奇v.想知道，对……感到惊奇，对……感到疑惑

　　[高考佳句]　I am wondering if you could tell me more about this activity.(2015·重庆高考写作)

　　我想知道你能否告诉我关于这项活动的更多细节。

　　(1)(It's) no wonder (that ...) ……不足为奇，难怪

　　It's a wonder (that) ...

　　令人惊奇的是

　　in wonder

　　惊奇地

　　work wonders

　　创造奇迹

　　(2)wonder at/about ...

　　对……感到惊奇

　　wonder if/whether＋从句

　　不知道是否……

　　①No_wonder you couldn't get through. You've left out a zero in this phone number.

　　难怪你打不通。你在这个电话号码中漏掉了一个零。

　　②I wonder_if/whether you can give me some advice on how to make friends.

　　我想知道你能否给我提供一些如何交朋友的建议。

　　6．focus n．焦点；集中点vt.(使)集中，聚焦

　　[经典例句]　The focus of interest in the series is what goes on in everyday life.(朗文P966)

　　这部连续剧关注的焦点是日常生活琐事。

　　(1)the focus of attention/concern/argument

　　注意力/关注/争论的焦点

　　bring/throw ... into focus

　　使……成为关注的焦点

　　(2)focus one's attention/eyes/energy/mind on

　　集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/思想于

　　focus on/upon

　　集中于

　　①If you are going to follow someone, focus_on/upon his/her talent, not his/her bad character or unacceptable behavior.

　　如果你想模仿某人，要关注他或她的才华，而不是他或她不好的性格或让人无法接受的行为习惯。

　　②With so many people focusing_their_eyes_on_him,_he felt very nervous.

　　有那么多人在盯着自己，他感到很紧张。

　　③Health and environmental problems have become increasingly the_focus_of_attention.

　　健康和环境问题日益成为关注的焦点。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空)

　　1．The turning point in the story comes, and he wonders about/at the identity of his birth mother.

　　2．It's reported that the arrested official is involved in gambling.

　　3．Don't waste time doing (do) such a foolish thing.

　　4．The local government has taken some effective measures, aiming (aim) at cutting down the cost during the tough economy.

　　5．I laid (lay) my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep.

　　6．“It's such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table reserved (reserve) for customers.

　　7．Luckily there was a doctor on the spot when the woman gave birth on the bus.

　　8．You should focus your attention on your lessons. After all, you are a student.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．struggle万花筒

　　(1)介词填空

　　①China should struggle with all the other countries against pollution.

　　②The fire fighters struggled against the fire for several hours and finally brought the fire under control.

　　③His two sons struggled for the camera which he brought from abroad.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　Farmers always have to ④struggle_for (为……而斗争) a living. They often ⑤struggle_against/with (与……斗争) the bad weather for a better harvest. Some of them even have to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, ⑥struggling_to_increase (努力增加) their income.

　　2．protect点点练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①She wore a hat to protect her face from the sun.

　　②Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against/from evils.

　　③He left the airport under the protection of the security guards.

　　(2)句型转换

　　④Legal business should be protected by the law.

　　→Legal business should be under the protection of the law.

　　3．worth多棱镜

　　(1)选词填空：worth, worthwhile, worthy

　　It is ①worthwhile to travel to Beijing, because many places of interest are well ②worth visiting. The Great Wall is particularly ③worthy of being visited.

　　(2)一句多译

　　这个问题值得讨论。

　　④The_problem_is_worth_discussing. (worth)

　　⑤The_problem_is_worthy_of_being_discussed/to_be_discussed. (worthy)

　　⑥It_is_worthwhile_to_discuss/discussing_the_problem. (worthwhile)

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　根据语境选出reserve的词性和词义

　　(A)n.保护区；保护圈 (B)n.预备品，贮存

　　(C)vt.储备，保存

　　(D)vt.保留

　　(E)vt.预约，预订

　　1．We all have discovered reserves of strength that we don't realize we have.__B__

　　2．Saturdays are busy, so it's a good idea to reserve a table in advance.__E__

　　3．I'd prefer to reserve my judgment until I find all the evidence.__D__

　　4．This area was once a wildlife reserve.__A__

　　5．We will reserve the money; we may need it later.__C__

　　1．stand for代表，主张，容忍，接受

　　[教材原句]　The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide Fund for Nature.

　　缩略词WWF代表“世界自然保护基金组织”。

　　stand out 突出，显眼，杰出

　　stand by

　　袖手旁观，无动于衷；支持

　　stand aside

　　站到一边；让开；袖手旁观，不参与

　　stand up for

　　支持；维护

　　①Our daughter is a great dancer; she stands_out above the rest.

　　我们的女儿是一个不错的舞者；她从其他舞者中脱颖而出。

　　②Good Heavens! How could you stand_by/aside and allow such a thing to happen!

　　天哪！你怎么能够袖手旁观允许这种事情发生！

　　2．set up建立，设立，准备，安排

　　[高考佳句]　To get this problem solved, I'd like to set up a rule that the whole class work in groups to give lessons once in a while.(2015·广东高考读写任务)

　　为了解决这个问题，我想设立一个规则：全班同学偶尔分组上课。

　　set aside存储；留出，省出

　　set down

　　放下，写下，登记

　　set off

　　出发，动身；引发，使爆炸，燃放

　　set about doing sth.(＝set out to do sth.) 着手做某事

　　①People set about setting up their new homes with the help of the government.

　　＝People set out to_set_up their new homes with the help of the government.

　　在政府的帮助下，人们着手创建他们的新家园。

　　②You had better set_down your idea before you forget it.

　　趁着你还没忘，你最好把你的想法写下来。

　　3．But today the government seems_to_be_winning the battle.

　　但是现在政府好像正要赢得这场战斗。

　　(1)本句使用了“主语＋seem＋不定式”结构，其中seem与不定式一起构成复合谓语。此时要注意不定式时态和语态的变化。seem＋to do/to have done/to be doing，意为“好像要做……/已经做了……/正在做……”。

　　①The children seemed to_be_eating something in the room.

　　孩子们好像正在房间里吃东西。

　　②The engine just won't start. Something seems to_have_gone (go) wrong with it.(2017·重庆高考单选)

　　引擎发动不了。看起来好像出了什么毛病。

　　(2)“主语＋seem (＋to be)＋表语”，其中to be可省略，表语多为名词、形容词、分词、介词短语等，以说明主语的特征或状态，意为“好像……”。

　　③Susan seems_(to_be) a very sensible person.

　　苏珊看上去像是个非常明智的人。

　　(3)“It seems＋that从句”，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，意为“好像……”，从句中用陈述语气。

　　④It seems to me that Mr. Brown will not come again.

　　在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。

　　(4)“There＋seems (＋to be)＋名词”，其中to be可省略，意为“好像有……”。

　　⑤There seems (to be) lots of things to learn in the work.

　　在工作当中好像还有很多需要学习的东西。

　　(5)It seems as if/though ...意为“看上去好像……”，从句可用虚拟语气也可用陈述语气。

　　⑥It_seems_as_if/though everybody else knew about it except me.

　　看上去好像除了我之外每个人都知道此事。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空/句型转换

　　①A sheep feeding (feed) on this kind of special grass usually grows much faster.

　　②Though polluted (pollute) a little, the river is still safe and comfortable to swim in.

　　③After a long period, the mini skirt has come into fashion again.

　　④Luckily, a doctor happened to be on the spot when the old man collapsed.

　　⑤Concerned (concern) about the student, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.

　　⑥He'll never pay up unless you get tough with him.

　　⑦Although he was blamed for his mistake, the boy didn't seem to be angry.

　　→Although blamed for his mistake, the boy didn't seem to be angry.

　　⑧The boy sitting by the window seems to be reading something interesting.

　　→It seems that the boy sitting by the window is reading something interesting.

　　2．运用所学短语、句型完成片段

　　According to the latest report, more and more animals become endangered or extinct because of the serious destruction of their natural habitat. Many people ①seem_to_be_destroying (好像正在破坏) the harmony between wildlife and human beings. So the government must ②take_strong_measures (采取强有力的措施) to prevent them from keeping harming the animals. And it is high time that we human beings should ③focus_our_attention_on (把注意力集中于) protecting the animals. Nowadays, in our country more and more people ④are_concerned_about (关心) wildlife protection and ⑤are_struggling_to_provide (正在努力提供) ideal living conditions and build natural reserve for ⑥the_endangered_animals (濒危动物). We sincerely hope that more and more people can ⑦keep_an_eye_on (留意) their own behavior and ⑧get_involved_in (参与到) the protection of animals.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．stand相关短语面面观

　　(1)写出下列句中stand for 的含义

　　①As is known to us, the letters PLA stand for the People's Liberation Army. 代表

　　②Her mother stands for the kind treatment of all children.主张

　　③He has been acting very strangely these days. I can't stand for his actions at all.忍受，容忍

　　(2)介、副词填空

　　④Since you have made up your mind, just go ahead. We will stand up for you.

　　⑤How can you stand by/aside and do nothing when she needs help?

　　⑥Her bright clothes always make her stand out in a crowd.

　　2．set相关短语一站清

　　(1)介、副词填空

　　①He set about reading a novel right after taking a walk.

　　＝He set out to read a novel right after taking a walk.

　　The terrorist set off the bomb, which caused 25 deaths.

　　③They agreed to set aside their differences and work together for peace.

　　④The school has set up a special class to help those poor learners.

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　Last year, Tom set_about_writing/set_out_to_write (着手写) a novel, in which a man decided to set_aside (储存) some money for his son, and he set_off (动身) for London to earn money.

　　[课堂练基础]

　　.单句语法填空

　　1．Something must be done to protect the environment from being_polluted (pollute)．

　　2．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear)．

　　3．Mo Yan's famous novel — Red Sorghum Clan is well worth reading (read)．

　　4．We must take some measures to protect the endangered (endanger) animals from being killed.

　　5．It is a waste of time talking (talk) about such useless things.

　　6．I wonder if/whether you could sell some Chinese knots for me.

　　7．After the meeting, I set out to_write (write) a report on our next term's work.

　　8．Recently our school has organized many activities, whose aims are to help children in trouble.

　　9．He seemed to_be_having (have) a good dream when I went into his room.

　　10．When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police on the spot.

　　11．The money was being kept in reserve for their retirement.

　　12．It's well­known that the olive branch stands for peace.

　　.单句改错

　　1．When asked about what she thought of the movie, she just said it was worthy seeing a second time.worthy→worth

　　2．The boy was wandering in front of the Great Pyramid, wondered how it was built.wondered→wondering

　　3．I will stand up you, no matter when and where it is.up后加for或up→for/by

　　4．The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition. There seemed that she had prepared for it pretty well.There→It

　　5．As we all know, sheep feed grass.feed后加on

　　6．Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set about to prepare your business plan.about→out

　　7．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it is broken.is→were

　　8．When asking why he was so sad, the student said he had been robbed of the opportunity of going abroad.asking→asked

　　.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　In the recent years, some wildlife animals have been faced with disappearance, and some of them have only a small number. This has_become_a_focus (已成为焦点) nowadays. Everyone begins to be_concerned_about (关心) it. It's suggested that natural_reserves (自然保护区) and related branches (should)_be_set_up (建立) to monitor the endangered animals. Meanwhile (instead/meanwhile), we should try our best to protect_our_living_environment (保护我们的生存环境). We have been working hard to call on everyone to protect the environment by drawing some pictures standing_for (象征) “no pollution” and giving speeches. At first, there seemed to be of little use. But gradually we find that more and more people have begun to focus_on (集中于) environmental protection. So these deeds are worth_doing (值得做). We will never stop_the_struggle (停止努力) and never give up our aim for a better environment.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分

　　(1)disappearance→extinction

　　(2)working hard→struggling

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句改写句

　　In the recent years, some wildlife animals have been faced with disappearance, some_of_which_have_only_a_small__number.

　　(2)用“it seemed that ...”句型改写句

　　At_first,_it_seemed_that_there_was_of_little_use.

　　[课下练高考]

　　一第卷强化增分练——练规范

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　.语法填空

　　(2016·山西省考前质检)As a man was passing some elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope __1__ (tie) to their front leg. No chains, no cages. __2__was obvious that the elephants could, at any time, break __3__from their bonds but for some reason, they did not.

　　He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and made no attempt __4__ (get) away. “Well，”__5__ trainer said, “when they are very young and much __6__ (small), we use the same size rope to tie them and, at that age, it's enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe the rope __7__ still hold them, so they never try to run free.”

　　The man was amazed. These animals could at any time escape from their bonds but __8__ they believed they couldn't, they were stuck right where they were.

　　Like the elephants, how many of us go through life __9__ (hang) onto a belief that we cannot do something, __10__ (simple) because we failed at it once before? Failure is part of learning; we should never give up the struggle in life.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过大象被绳子拴住却不挣脱的现象告诉我们：不要固步自封，不要因为担心失败而放弃拼搏。

　　1．tied　大象仅由一根系在前腿的小绳拴住。rope和tie之间是动宾关系，故此处用过去分词表被动。

　　2．It　显而易见，大象在任何时候都能够挣脱绳子。分析句子成分可知，It在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。

　　3．away　break away from ...“从……突然挣脱，从……逃脱”。

　　4．to get　他看见附近有位驯兽师，就问为什么这些动物只是站在那里而不试图逃跑呢？make an attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”。

　　5．the　这位驯兽师说：“当它们还年幼、较小时，我们使用同样大小的绳子拴住它们。”此处用定冠词the表示特指。

　　6．smaller　much修饰形容词比较级。

　　7．can　当它们长大时，它们就习惯性地认为绳子依然能够拴住它们。此处用情态动词can表示一般的能力。

　　8．because　这些大象在任何时候都能够挣脱绳子，但是因为它们认为不能，所以它们就待在原处。

　　9．hanging　此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。

　　10．simply　仅仅是因为我们曾经失败过吗？此处应用副词作状语。

　　Ⅱ.短文改错

　　(2016·长春市普通高中质检一)Three years ago I was admitted to an ordinary school. Disappointing as I felt at the poorly­equipped classroom, I found the teachers patient and considerately. What's more, I was very fond in the friendly atmosphere in class. I was determined to make best of it. I worked hard and get along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they were always ready to helping me out. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, which made me to become confident and motivated.

　　What I experienced in high school tell me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it which determines who you are.

　　答案：第二句：Disappointing→Disappointed; considerately→considerate

　　第三句：第一个in→of

　　第四句：make 后加 the

　　第五句：get→got

　　第六句：helping→help

　　第七句：student→students; 去掉 to

　　第八句：tell→tells; which→that

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·银川二中高考模拟)假定你是李华，下个月你将去英国学习。请给你的笔友Peter写封信，告诉他你想利用周末时间来参加社区志愿者活动，以便亲身体验生活。要点如下：

　　1．表达心情；

　　2．询问信息；

　　3．表达愿望。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头语和结束语已为你写好，但不计入总词数。

　　Dear Peter，

　　How is everything going？________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________________

　　I'd appreciate your early reply and I can't wait to see you next month.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　参考范文：

　　Dear Peter，

　　How is everything going? It's great that I will come to Britain next month and see you finally. I feel excited and look forward to studying in your country.

　　I heard that we could do some volunteer work as a student there. Would you kindly tell me what volunteer work I could do in the community close to my school, and if there is any chance for me to do it on weekends? I believe your valuable guidance can help with my study in Britain.

　　I'd appreciate your early reply and I can't wait to see you next month.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　练（二英语知识运用组合练——练准度

　　(限时：30分钟)

　　.完形填空

　　(2016·银川一中高三模拟)Whenever Christmas is drawing near, an Iowa radio station has an annual tradition. Listeners send in “wish letters”， and the hosts select some to __1__. They've been making Christmas dreams come true for more than 20 years, but they never __2__ they would receive a letter from a person who was already dead.

　　Last week, the hosts of the station invited listener David Schmitz to their __3__， but the station didn't tell him who had sent in the __4__ for his family. They read the letter to him on the __5__：“Hello, my name is Brenda Schmitz. When you receive this letter, I will have already __6__ my battle to cancer.”

　　The big __7__ made David's eyes swim in tears.

　　David heard three wishes from his __8__ wife. The first was to his new partner.“Thank you, I love you whoever you are.” And the second: “For my family, a wonderful __9__， with many scenic spots where they all can enjoy their companionship as a new __10__ and make memories that will be with them forever.”__11__， she wanted to give a night of food and fun to the hospital __12__ that cared for her during her __13__ days.

　　The letter was written by Brenda two months before __14__. She prepared it and asked a friend to send it to the station once her husband fell in love __15__.

　　“I began to know Jayne, my present wife, __16__. On a cold afternoon, I took my little son, Marx, to the __17__ where a group of seagulls were flying over his head. I didn't __18__ it until Marx burst into tears, running to Jayne and asking her to be his __19__， who was playing there with her two children. Later, she became Marx's new mom and she __20__ him as her own son. Brenda will live in our hearts forever.”

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。来自艾奥瓦州的一家电台每逢圣诞节都会帮助听众实现圣诞愿望。上周，电台收到了一个与众不同的请求。一位叫做 Brenda Schmitz 的女士，来信提出了三个圣诞愿望。

　　1．A.praise

　　B．send

　　C．discuss

　　D．broadcast

　　解析：选D　依据前文中的“radio station”和后文中的“read the letter”可知，此处应该是主持人选择其中一些信件进行广播。

　　2．A.thought

　　B．found

　　C．remembered

　　D．assumed

　　解析：选A　依据上下文的信息，此处是说电台的工作人员们压根儿没有想到他们会收到一位已经去世的人写给他们的信。

　　3．A.office

　　B．hospital

　　C．show

　　D．home

　　解析：选C　根据上下文的内容可知，电台的主持人邀请 David Schmitz 来做一期节目。下文中的“They read the letter to him”是提示。

　　4．A.expectation

　　B．thanks

　　C．wish

　　D．dream

　　解析：选C　根据上文的“send in ‘wish letters’”可知答案。这里指工作人员没有告诉 David 是谁为他的家庭送来了圣诞祝福。

　　5．A.scene

　　B．occasion

　　C．vacation

　　D．air

　　解析：选D　依据上下文的信息和词汇常识作判断， on the air“在广播中”，符合语境。 on the scene“在现场”； on the occasion“在这个场合”； on vacation“在度假”。

　　6．A.won

　　B．lost

　　C．accepted

　　D．refused

　　解析：选B　根据上文中的“they would receive a letter from a person who was already dead”可知， Brenda Schmitz 未能战胜癌症。

　　7．A.news

　　B．disaster

　　C．surprise

　　D．enjoyment

　　解析：选C　根据上文中的“the station didn't tell him who had sent in ...”“When you receive this letter”可知， David 事先对此一无所知，故 surprise 符合题意。

　　8．A.late

　　B．present

　　C．next

　　D．innocent

　　解析：选A　根据上下文可知，此处指 David 已经去世的妻子。上文中的“dead”是提示。

　　9．A.trip

　　B．holiday

　　C．concert

　　D．dinner

　　解析：选A　依据下文的“with many scenic spots”可知，此处指的是一次美好的旅行。

　　10．A.relative

　　B．Christmas

　　C．family

　　D．journey

　　解析：选C　根据最后一段中的“my present wife”“she became Marx's new mom”可知，此处表示他们作为一个新家庭享受彼此的陪伴。

　　11．A.Clearly

　　B．Lastly

　　C．Surely

　　D．Sincerely

　　解析：选B　前面讲到 David 已故的妻子有三个愿望，前面已经说了两个愿望，故此处应是最后一个愿望。

　　12．A.staff

　　B．doctor

　　C．colleague

　　D．manager

　　解析：选A　根据常识及空后的“cared for her”可知，此处指的应该是医院里的医护人员。

　　13．A.special

　　B．final

　　C．tough

　　D．busy

　　解析：选B　根据上下文可知，此处表达的是“在她最后的那些日子里”，故选B项。

　　14．A.going away

　　B．falling down

　　C．giving up

　　D．passing away

　　解析：选D　依据上下文的信息和常识判断，这封信是她去世前所写的。上文中的“dead”是提示。

　　15．A.twice

　　B．again

　　C．ever

　　D．already

　　解析：选B　此处 Brenda 想表达的是一旦她丈夫再次坠入爱河，(她的朋友)就把这封信送往艾奥瓦州的这家电台。

　　16．A.by chance

　　B．by mistake

　　C．by luck

　　D．by choice

　　解析：选A　根据后面对他们认识过程的介绍可知， David 是偶然认识 Jayne 的。

　　17．A.forest

　　B．seaside

　　C．grassland

　　D．mountain

　　解析：选B　依据后文中的“a group of seagulls”可知， David 应是带 Marx 去了海边。

　　18．A.predict

　　B．imagine

　　C．insist

　　D．realize

　　解析：选D　此处是说 David 没有意识到(儿子对母爱的需求)直到儿子突然大哭起来，跑去问 Jayne 可否做他的妈妈。

　　19．A.friend

　　B．teacher

　　C．mother

　　D．playmate

　　解析：选C　参见上题解析。下文中的“new mom”是提示。

　　20．A.treats

　　B．accepts

　　C．misses

　　D．controls

　　解析：选A　Jayne 对待 Marx 像对待自己的儿子一样。

　　Ⅱ.语法填空

　　(2016·南昌市高三一模)Two weeks before

　　Christmas, two little girls were walking down the street __1__ they saw old Harry, who was on his knees pulling weeds around a tree.

　　He wore a pair of worn gloves. His fingers were sticking out __2__ the ends, blue from the cold. They stopped to talk to him.

　　Harry told them he __3__ (get) the yard in shape as a Christmas gift for his mother, who had died several years before. “My mother was all I had. She loved her yard and trees, so I do this for her every Christmas.”

　　His words touched the girls and soon they __4__ (join) him, pulling weeds. When they finished, Harry pressed a coin into each of their hands. “I wish I could pay you more, but that's all I've got right now，” he said.

　　The girls had often passed his house, and they remembered that it had always been __5__ poor condition. No decorations to add cheeriness were anywhere in sight.

　　As they walked on, the coin in one little girl's hand seemed to burn a hole of __6__ (guilty). The next day she called her friends __7__ they agreed to put their coins in a jar marked “Harry's Christmas Gift”. Then they began to seek out small jobs to earn more. Every coin they earned went into the jar.

　　Finally, they had enough __8__ (buy) new gloves. On Christmas Eve they were on Harry's doorstep singing carols. They presented him with the gloves. With __9__ (tremble) hands, he held the gloves to his face and wept. No doubt he once again felt __10__ love of others as the girls reached out to him.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了两个小女孩圣诞节前用自己微薄的力量帮助他人的感人故事。

　　1．when　根据固定句型be doing ... when ...可知，应用连词when。

　　2．of/from/through　根据语境可知，Harry的手指头从破旧的手套中露了出来。

　　3．was getting/would get　根据语境可知，两个女孩停下来和Harry交谈，问他为什么要这么做，于是Harry告诉了她们自己的打算，故表示将来的事情，即用过去将来时was getting/would get。

　　4．joined　根据“and”的提示可知，前后时态应一致，故用一般过去时，与“touched”呼应。

　　5．in　根据固定短语搭配in ...condition“处于……状态”可知，应用介词in。

　　6．guilt　介词后应跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用名词guilt作介词of的宾语。

　　7．and　根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的并列关系，故用连词and。

　　8．to buy　此处为不定式表示目的。

　　9．trembling　此处是现在分词作定语，意为“颤抖的”，表示正在进行的动作。

　　10．the　根据语境可知，“love”被介词短语“of others”修饰，表示限定的概念，故用定冠词the。