2017届高考英语一轮复习学案：必修3 unit 7 The sea（北师大版）

　　Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用

　　一、单词拼写

　　1．*(2015·湖南，阅读A) We are having a ________(辩论)about this topic.

　　2．*(2015·江苏，阅读A)Always observe district fire ________(禁令)．

　　3.*(2017·北京，阅读A)We have a special offer for 10 days，during which you can enjoy a half price

　　(折扣) and a free delivery.

　　4．We ________ (测量) the room and found it was 20 feet long and 15 feet wide.

　　5．(2015·湖北，书面表达)After the questions being put forward one by one，our actions go __ and ________(进一步)，until we get a good command of it at last.

　　6. (2017·浙江，阅读A) Europeans see a piggy bank as a ________(象征，符号)of good fortune and wealth.

　　7．Although he may be troubled，he always ________(显露) a calm smiling face.

　　8．Only four people managed to ________(逃离) before the roof collapsed.

　　9．The school has only been open for six months，so it's too early to ________ (评价) its success.

　　10．(2017·新课标全国，短文改错)When tea got popular in Britain，there was a crying need for good cups with ________(手柄)to suit British habits.

　　答案　1.debate　2.bans　3.discount　4.measured　5.further；further　6.sign

　　7．presents　8.escape　9.evaluate　10.handles

　　二、用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1．(2015·浙江，阅读B)Graphs can seem ________(frighten)，but reading a graph is a lot like reading a story.

　　2．His father was reached by their ________(persuade) at last.

　　3．They made an ________(arrange) to meet at the school gate at 3 pm.

　　4．*(2017·辽宁，阅读C)In order to stay ________ (energy)，sitting workers need to exercise regularly.

　　5．(2017·浙江，写作)They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity about scientific ________ (discover)．

　　6．(2017·上海，选词填空)Researchers also have found that the brain needs to see the whole face for ________(recognise)to take place.

　　7．I was ________ (terrify) out of my mind，giving my first public performance.

　　8．Fresh air and nutritious food will speed his __ (recover)．

　　9．Of those wounded in the battle，only three ________(survival)，and now they all have passed away.

　　10．(2017·安徽，阅读D)So，let us assume that historical buildings are both ________(attract) and important to the majority of people.

　　11．It was reported that the chemical factory ________ the environment and the ________ was very serious.(pollute)

　　12．The child made a very ________ comment，which showed that he was a boy of very high ________．(intelligent)

　　13．We all ________ in the camp and agreed that this ________ was very valuable.(participate)

　　14．Tom ________ to Mary the other day for his rudeness; Of course，she accepted his ________．(apologise)

　　答案　1.frightening　2.persuasion　3.arrangement　4.energetic　5.discoveries　6.recognition　7.terrified　8.recovery　9.survived　10.attractive 11．polluted；

　　pollution　12.intelligent；intelligence　13.participated；participation 14．apologised；

　　apology

　　三、开心词场

　　According to an intelligent and energetic professor in our department，he has never participated in a further voyage on his own before.Although he isn't an explorer，he often makes new discoveries.We know he likes collections of seashells.He can recognise the ages by measuring their widths and lengths altogether.

　　【联想·积累】

　　争论”种种

　　①quarrel vt.争辩，争吵

　　②argue v. 坚决主张，争论，辩论

　　③discuss vt.讨论

　　debate v．争论，争辩

　　(不)许可”词汇大观园

　　①permit v．允许

　　②allow v．允许

　　③forbid v．禁止

　　④ban v．& n．禁止

　　⑤prohibit v．禁止

　　含count高频词集锦

　　①count v．计算；认为；有价值

　　②account n．账户；解释；账目

　　③accountant n．会计师

　　④counter n．柜台

　　⑤discount n．& v．折扣；打折扣

　　⑥country n．国家；乡下，农村

　　⑦countryside n．农村，乡下

　　描绘人“性格”的形容词一览

　　①energetic 有活力的

　　②lively 活泼的

　　③optimistic 乐观的

　　④pessimistic 悲观的

　　⑤easy－going 随和的

　　⑥gentle 温和的

　　⑦outgoing 外向的

　　⑧straightforward 坦率的

　　词汇拓展

　　①frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的→frighten vt.(使)惊恐→frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的

　　②educate vt.教育→educator n．教育工作者→education n．教育，培养

　　③attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引人的地方→attractive adj.吸引人的

　　④terror n．恐怖，恐惧→terrify vt.令人感到恐惧→terrifying adj.使人感到恐惧的→terrified adj.感到恐怖的

　　⑤survive vi.幸存，生存下来→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者

　　Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用

　　一、补全短语

　　1．________ one's own 独自地；独立地

　　2．be covered ________ 覆盖

　　3．*in addition ________ 除……以外还有

　　4．get ________ trouble 陷入麻烦，陷入困境

　　5．in search ________ 寻找，寻求

　　6．all ________ once 突然

　　答案　1.on　2.with　3.to　4.into　5.of　6.at

　　二、短语填空

　　*participate in；fill out；deal with；pick up；set sail；*make sense；*make it to；watch out for

　　1．Everyone in the class is expected to ____________ the discussion.

　　2．We've ____________ several renewals this week.

　　3．The seamen decided to ________ the next morning for Europe.

　　4．You must always ____________ the traffic here.

　　5.The boy ____________ some English while living in America with his parents.

　　6．____________ this form and sign your name，then we'll issue you a bankbook.

　　7．It ____________ to buy a large house because your family is big.

　　8．Even though he couldn't swim，he managed to ____________ the river bank with his friends' help.

　　答案　1.participate in　2.dealt with　3.set sail　4.watch out for　5.picked up

　　6．Fill out　7.makes sense　8.make it to

　　【联想·积累】

　　归纳表示“除了……以外还有”的词汇

　　①as well as

　　②besides

　　③in addition to

　　④apart/aside from

　　各种各样的“参加”

　　①join

　　②join in

　　③take part in

　　④attend

　　⑤participate in

　　的高频短语小结

　　①make a difference 有影响；起作用

　　②make a living 谋生

　　③make a fortune 发财

　　④make a mess 弄糟

　　⑤make a comment 作出评论

　　　Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用

　　1.It's three times as big underwater.(倍数＋as...as..)

　　(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。

　　[仿写]There were ________________ cars as we expected during the meeting.

　　会议期间汽车的数量是我们预料的三倍。

　　2．You certainly won't find a noisier fish.(比较级和否定词连用表达最高级含义)

　　你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。

　　[仿写]________________ than a good book at the moment.

　　此刻，没有比一本好书更有意义的了。

　　3．Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool！”．(be doing...when...“正在做……这时……”)

　　我们的船获救了，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出那个令人胆战心惊的词“漩涡”。

　　[仿写]I ________________ on the Internet ________ I found some information of iPhone 6.

　　我正在上网，这时我发现了一些关于苹果第六代手机的信息。

　　4．*One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.(独立主格结构)

　　那一天，我和我的两个兄弟从岛上归来，船上载满了鱼。

　　[仿写]He came out of the library，________________．

　　他夹着本大书，走出了图书馆。

　　答案　1.three times as many　2.Nothing could be more meaningful　3.was surfing；when　4.a large book under his arm

　　【联想·积累】

　　小议独立主格结构

　　(1)独立主格结构(Absolute Structure)是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中

　　常由逗号将其与主句分开。需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。

　　(2)独立主格结构基本构成形式：加名词(代词)＋现在分词(过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语) 。

　　　Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用

　　“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

　　单句语法填空

　　1．I still remember the day ________ I first came to Beijing.

　　2．*I bought a great many books，________ which I spent all my money that I saved.

　　3．*The athlete ________ whom you talked is a famous runner.

　　4．—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

　　—Yes.I've never been to a ________ (exciting) one before.

　　5．Of the two sisters，Betty is the ________(young) one，and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.

　　答案　1.when　2.on　3.to　4.more exciting　5.younger

　　【联想·积累】

　　教你一招

　　“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如何选取介词？

　　根据先行词跟介词的搭配；

　　根据句意确定；

　　当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时，分词不能放到关系代词之前。

　　[单 词 点 睛]

　　1．arrange v．安排，准备；整理；排列

　　[教材原句]If not，then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours and choose a time that's best for most people in the group.

　　如果没完成，那么你

　　(1)arrange to do sth 安排做某事

　　arrange for sb/sth to do sth 安排某人/物做某事

　　arrange with sb about sth 与某人商定某事

　　(2)make arrangements for 为……做好安排

　　①I have arranged ________ the neighbours ________ taking care of the cat.

　　我已和邻居们商量好照顾猫咪的事情。

　　②Her parents are busy ________________

　　her wedding ceremony.

　　她的父母正忙着为她的婚礼做准备。

　　③We have made all the ________ (arrange)for the conference that will be held next week.

　　我们已做好下周召开会议

　　【名师点津】　不能说arrange sb to do...，且arrange后跟that从句时，从句用虚拟语气“(should＋)do”。

　　④He arranged that the meeting ________ for a week.

　　＝He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.

　　他已安排好将会议延期一周。

　　答案　①with；about　②arranging for　③arrangements　④(should) be put off

　　2．sign n．符号；标志；手势；征兆，迹象vt.签署；示意；打手势

　　[高考例句](2015·江苏，阅读A)When driving，minimize noise and observe no smoking signs.

　　开车的时候，降低噪音，并观察禁止吸烟的标志。

　　(1)sign of/that...……的迹象/征兆

　　(2)traffic signs 交通标志

　　(3)sign (to sb) to do sth 示意(某人)去做某事

　　(4)sign in 签到

　　(5)sign up/on(sb) 报名，注册，签约雇用(某人)

　　(6)sign up (for sth) 报名(参加课程)

　　①2017·浙江，阅读A)Europeans see a piggy bank as ________ sign of good fortune and wealth.

　　欧洲人把储蓄罐看作是好运和财富的象征。

　　②All the teachers who want to visit our school must sign ________ on arrival.

　　所有想参观我们学校的老师一到学校均需签到。

　　③The company has signed ________ three top models for the fashion show.

　　为了时装表演，公司签约聘请了三名顶级模特儿。

　　答案　①a　②in　③on/up

　　3．persuade vt.说服，劝服；使相信

　　[高考例句](2015·安徽，完形)Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.

　　广告说服我们越新越好，而且我们会更乐于使用最新产品。

　　persuade

　　①In a debate you need persuade the listeners ________ the soundness of your argument.

　　辩论中你需要让听众信服你的论点的准确性。

　　②(2015·浙江，书面表达) I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.

　　＝I managed to persuade my classmates ________ my idea. 我已经说服我的学生接受我的观点。

　　③I persuaded him out of going there with Tom.

　　＝I persuaded him ________ there with Tom.

　　我说服了他不要与汤姆一起去那里。

　　【辨析比较】　persuade sb to do/try to persuade sb to do/advise sb to do

　　persuade sb to do 强调劝说并达到成效，即说服

　　try to persuade sb to do 试图说服某人做某事， 强调过程

　　advise sb to do 建议某人做某事，不涉及最后的结果

　　完成下列小片段

　　④At first，many friends ________ see a doctor，but he refused.Later his wife ________ him and also failed.Who else can ________ do so?

　　最初，很多朋友都建议他去看医生，但是他拒绝了。后来，他妻子试图说服他，也失败了。还有谁能说服他去看医生呢？

　　答案　①of　②to accept　③not to go　④advised him to；tried to persuade；persuade him to

　　4．ban vt.禁止n.禁止，禁令

　　[高考例句](2017·山东，阅读表达)Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.

　　对禁止汽车通行的地区的司机罚款也可能鼓励他们不驾车出行。

　　(1)ban doing sth 禁止(做)某事

　　(2)ban sb from (doing) sth 禁止某人(做)某事

　　(3)a ban on sth 对……的禁令

　　①After the accident，he was banned ________ driving.

　　发生事故后，他被禁止驾车。

　　②There is to be a total ban ________ smoking in the office. 办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。

　　答案　①from　②on

　　5．present vt.演示，讲演；上演，演出；出现，出席；显示；介绍；赠予；交给；提出，提交；颁发

　　[教材原句]How will you present your project?

　　你怎样展示你的计划？

　　①I don't have any information about Lin Shuhao ________________．

　　目前我没有关于林书豪的任何消息。

　　②The students presented flowers ________ their teachers on Teachers' Day.

　　＝The students presented their teachers ________ flowers on Teachers' Day.

　　教师节这天学生们送花给老师。

　　【巧学助记】

　　③An expert ________ at the meeting ________ me with a book on________ financial crisis as a ________．

　　出席会议的一位专家送给我一本关于当前金融危机的书作为礼物。

　　答案　①at present/at the present time　②to；with　③present；presented；present；present

　　【名师点津】　present用作形容词，作“现在的，目前的”讲时，常作前置定语；作“出席的，在场的”讲时，常作后置定语。

　　6.attract vt.吸引，引起……的注意；使喜爱；引起……的好感(或爱慕)

　　[高考例句](2015·重庆，阅读B)In ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.

　　在古埃及，店主发现，他可以简单地通过改变店的环境吸引顾客。

　　(1)attract sb to sth/sb 把某人吸引到……

　　attract one's attention/interest 吸引某人的注意/兴趣

　　(2)attraction n. 吸引人的事物，吸引力

　　(3)attractive adj.有魅力的，吸引人的

　　①She gave a quiet cough to ________.

　　她轻轻地咳了一声好引起我注意。

　　②The scenery in Switzerland is very ________(attract) to the tourists from the whole world.

　　瑞士的风景对来自全世界的游客都很有吸引力。

　　答案　①attract my attention　②attractive

　　7．escape vi.逃脱，逃跑；被忘掉，被忽视n.逃走，逃脱

　　[教材原句]Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.

　　我没有等下去，潜入海中试图逃生。

　　(1)escape from/out of...从……中逃脱

　　escape (doing) sth 避免/逃脱(做)某事

　　(2)make one's escape 逃走

　　a narrow escape 九死一生

　　①No prisoner escaped ________ the prison without being seen.

　　没有一个囚犯逃离这个监狱而不被看到。

　　②He escaped ________(kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.

　　他因没有去上班而逃过了在那次爆炸中丧生。

　　③It's a wonder that he had/got ________ narrow escape from the car accident.

　　他在这次车祸中死里逃生真是个奇迹。

　　答案　①from　②being killed　③a

　　[短 语 点 拨]

　　1．make it to到达(to为介词)

　　[教材原句]Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.

　　埃里克又开始航行，这次他率领25艘船，最终只有14艘抵达了格陵兰岛。

　　make it＋时间 约定为……(时间)

　　make it 及时到达(尤其在困难情况下)

　　幸免于难

　　get it 懂得，理解

　　①Let's make ________ at seven o'clock on Tuesday morning at my office.

　　我们把时间定在星期二早上七点，地点就在我的办公室。

　　②Lucy failed in the computer test last time while I________.

　　上次计算机考试露西没有通过，而我通过了。

　　③I don't ________．Please explain.

　　我不懂。请解释一下。

　　答案　①it　②made it　③get it

　　2．pick up取，接载；营救，搭救；拾起，捡起；收听(节目)；无意中学到；廉价买到；恢复健康；情况好转

　　[牛津例句]She went over to the crying child and picked her up. 她走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。

　　写出下列句中pick up的含义

　　①She picked up a lot of French when she was in France. ____________

　　②My radio made in Shanghai can pick up BBC very clearly.____________

　　③He is beginning to pick up after the operation，which delights his family.____________

　　④When is the weather going to pick up? It's been bad for weeks. ____________

　　⑤(2017·山东，阅读A)Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog，and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.____________

　　答案　①(非正式途径)学会，获悉　②收听，收到

　　③恢复健康　④天气好转　⑤接载

　　【巧学助记】

　　[句 式 透 析]

　　1．[教材原句]It's three times as big underwater.

　　(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍。

　　这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数＋as＋形容词(副词)原级as...

　　倍数的表达方式有：

　　(1)倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as

　　(2)倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than

　　(3)倍数＋the size/length/width/height...of...

　　(4)倍数＋what从句

　　(5)倍数＋that of...

　　注意：后两种多用于产量的表达上。

　　①Our school which was built last year is ________________ his.

　　我们去年建的学校是他的学校的三倍大。

　　②After looking at the map，he finds this street is four times the ________ (long)of that street.

　　看过地图之后，他发现这条街是那条街的四倍长。

　　③The production now is three times ________ it was ten years ago.

　　现在的产量比十年前增加

　　答案　①three times as big as　②length　③what

　　【名师点津】　倍数表达中，一倍用once，两倍用twice，三倍及三倍以上用“数词＋times”来表示。

　　2．[教材原句]You certainly won't find a noisier fish.

　　你绝不会找到比它们更吵闹的鱼。

　　not...a noisier fish此结构是：not...＋a＋比较级＋名词的单数。这种结构是以比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。

　　用形容词的比较级形式表示意义上的最高级：

　　(1)比较级＋than＋

　　(2)not (never，nothing等表示否定意义的词)＋a/an＋比较级＋ n．单数

　　①Yi Jianlian is taller than ________ other player in our national basketball now.

　　现在易建联比我们国家篮球队中的任何一名队员都高。

　　②What a wonderful novel！I have never read ________ more moving one.

　　多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的。

　　答案　①any　②a

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．I never thought Clare would make ________ as a successful actress.

　　2．They were about to go back home ________ the accident happened.

　　3．The mayor presented him ________ a gold medal at an official city reception.

　　4．The Great Wall is such a well－known tourist ________ (attract) that millions of people pour in every year.

　　5．Charles often attempts to escape ______(fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

　　6.This is the middle school ________ Mr.Smith taught English ten years ago.

　　7．I was sleepy.I decided to make myself some strong coffee so I could work ________(well)．

　　8．Mr.Green tried to persuade Miss King ________(attend) the important conference，but she refused him.

　　9．This article may shock some sensitive readers，________ whom I offer my apologizes in advance.

　　10．She ________(be) absent，the meeting had to be put off.

　　答案　1.it　2.when　3.with　4.attraction　5.being fined　6.where　7.better　8.to attend　9.to　10.being

　　Ⅱ.单句改错

　　1．I know only a little about the twins，Jane and Mary, but I think Jane is more beautiful of the two sisters.____________

　　2．The work finishing，they left the office and went home.____________

　　3．The service here is wonderful and I think we couldn't have found better place.____________

　　4．Dogs have a very good sense of smell and are often used to search of survivors in the earthquake.____________

　　5．Sarah made that to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.____________

　　6．Last weekend I went downtown and I had trouble find somewhere to park.____________

　　7．Many of the peasants survive from tiny plots of corn and beans.____________

　　8．Bill arranged this man to show us around the museum.____________

　　答案　1.is后加the　2.finishing→finished　3.found后加a　4.第二个of→for　5.that→it　6.find→finding　7.from→on　8.arrange后加for

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1. ________________than water in the desert.

　　在沙漠里没有什么比水

　　2．Beijing is ________________ my hometown.

　　北京有我家乡的十倍大。

　　3．Zhu Zhiwen never thought he ________________ as a successful singer.

　　朱之文从未想到他会成为一名成功的歌手。

　　4．I ________________ at the airport.

　　我已安排了一辆车去机场接你。

　　5．I finally managed to ________________ for a drink with me. 我最后终于想法子说服她跟我一起出去喝一杯。

　　答案　1.Nothing else is more precious　2.ten times as big as　3.would make it　4.have arranged for a car to pick you up　5.persuade her to go/into going out

　　Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记

　　一、根据提示翻译句子

　　1．我的朋友杰克是一个探险家，他有很多惊险刺激的经历。(explorer)

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　2．去年他说服了一些人参加他的海上探险。(persuade，participate)

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　3．根据他的安排，他们在某一个周一启航去寻找鲸鱼。(arrangement，set sail，in search of)

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　4．在路上他警告他的同伴注意鲨鱼，以免陷入麻烦之中。(watch out，got into trouble)

　　_____________________________________________________________________

　　5．在他们的共同努力下，经过一个月的航行，他们到达了目的地并找到了鲸鱼。(make it to)

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　答案　1.My friend Jack is an explorer.He has a lot of experiences which are exciting and dangerous.

　　2．Last year he persuaded some people to participate in his adventure on the sea.

　　3．According to his arrangement，they set sail on a Monday in search of whales.

　　4．On the way，he warned his fellows to watch out for sharks in case they got into trouble.

　　5．With their joint efforts，after a month's sail，they made it to their destination and found the whales.

　　二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇

　　【参考范文】

　　My friend Jack is an explorer，and he has a lot of experiences which are exciting and dangerous.Last year he persuaded some people to participate in his adventure on the sea.According to his arrangement，they set sail on a Monday in search of whales.On the way，he warned his fellows to watch out for sharks in case of getting into trouble.With their joint efforts，after a month's sail，they made it to their destination and found the whales.

　　基础训练

　　Ⅰ.用适当的介词或副词填空

　　1．He went there in search ________ a doctor ________ his sick wife.

　　2．For safety reasons，please sign ________ when you arrive at the building，and sign ________ when you leave.

　　3．How many years does it take to be recognised ________ a native of one's country of birth?

　　4．Everyone in the class is expected to participate ________ the discussion.

　　5．If buyers pay in advance，they can make large wholesale purchases ________ a discount.

　　6．The woman promised the boy she would make a dress ________ his own measure.

　　7．After the accident，he was banned ________ driving alone.

　　8．I must apologise ________ you ________ breaking your window.

　　答案　1.of；for　2.in；out　3.as　4.in　5.at　6.to　7.from　8.to；for

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　9．We were very lucky to ________________(免受惩罚)．

　　10．People ________________(禁止吸烟)in many public places in England.

　　11．The new teacher came in，________________(面带微笑)．

　　12．Nothing in the world is ________________(比那些书更有价值)．

　　13．When shall we meet again?

　　—________________(你喜欢哪天就哪天); it's all the same to me.

　　答案　9.escape being punished/punishment　10.are banned from smoking　11.a smile on her face　12.more valuable than those books　13.Make it any day you like

　　Ⅲ.课文浓缩语法填空

　　The Vikings，whose ancestors came from Scandinavia，were the first Europeans __14__(reach) America. By around 900 AD，they had lived in many places of Northern Europe. In 982 AD，a man __15__(call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because of a murder，for __16__ he got into trouble. Eric discovered Greenland __17__ persuaded some people to settle in Greenland. Later a man __18__ the name Biarni set sail from Iceland to search for Eric's party. But he __19__(blow) off course and __20__ (eventual) reached Greenland. In the year 1002，Leif，Eric the Red's son，followed Biarni's directions and sailed to __21__ is believed to be the coast of present－day Canada. He also discovered Newfoundland. Actually，Eric the Red and Leif's deeds are __22__ first records we have of Europeans __23__ (sail) to the Americas.

　　答案　14.to reach　15.called　16.which　17.and

　　18．with　19.was blown　

　　20.eventually　21.what22．the　23.sailing

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11

　　Monday　Feb.15Windy

　　I was spending my holiday in my grandmother home.My cousin David got some fireworks and is going to set it off.This happened to be seeing by his classmate，Lily.She told him not to do so.And David thought that it was the Spring Festival and he could enjoy himself for while.So Lily showed him some picture posters and explained to him that set off fireworks might cause pollution and big fires.The worse to happen was that it would do seriously harm to people's eyes.Having heard of this，David agreed to Lily.He threw his fireworks away.

　　答案　

　　Monday　Feb.15Windy

　　I was spending my holiday in my

　　home.My cousin David got some fireworks and

　　going to set

　　off.This happened to be

　　by his classmate，Lily.She told him not to do so. David thought that it was the Spring Festival and he could enjoy himself for

　　while.So Lily showed him some picture posters and explained to him that

　　off fireworks might cause pollution and big fires.The worse to happen was that it would do

　　harm to people's eyes.Having heard

　　this，David agreed

　　Lily.He threw his fireworks away.

　　能力提升

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　体裁：夹叙夹议　话题：情感　词数：255　时间：17′

　　Each spring brings a new blossom of wildflowers in the ditch(沟) along the highway I travel daily to work.

　　There is one particular blue flower that has always__1__ my eye.I've noticed that it blooms only in the morning hours, the__2__ sun is too warm for it.

　　This spring, I__3__ a wildflower garden in our yard.I can look out of the__4__ window while doing the dishes and see the flowers.I've often thought that those__5__ blue flowers from the__6__ would look great in that bed alongside other wild flowers.Every day I__7__ past the flowers__8__， “I'll stop my car on my way home and dig them.” Whatever the reason, I__9__stopped to dig them.My husband even gave me a folding__10__ one year for my trunk to be used for that expressed__11__．

　　One day on my way home from work, I was__12__ to see that the highway department had__13__ the grass and the pretty__14__ flowers were gone.I thought to myself, “I should have done it when I first saw them__15__ this spring.”

　　A week ago we were__16__ and saddened to learn that my oldest sister－in－law has a brain cancer.She is 20 years older than my husband and__17__， because of age and distance, we haven't been as__18__ as we all would have liked.I couldn't help but see the__19__ between the pretty blue flowers and the relationship between my husband's sister and us.

　　And yes, if I see the blue flowers again, you can bet I'll stop and__20__ them to my wildflower garden.

　　1．A.brought

　　B．caught

　　C．hurt

　　D．damaged

　　答案　B　[catch one's eye“引起某人的注意”，这种特别的蓝色的花引起了“我”的注意。其他选项不符合句子意思。]

　　2．A.morning

　　B．evening

　　C．daybreak

　　D．afternoon

　　答案　D　[用afternoon与前面的morning作对比。这种花只在上午开放，下午阳光太强烈。]

　　3．A.started

　　B．planted

　　C．ploughed

　　D．buried

　　答案　A　[start含有“开创；建立”之意。作者在院子里开辟了一个小花园。]

　　4．A.bedroom

　　B．sitting room

　　C．kitchen

　　D．living room

　　答案　C　[下文的while doing the dishes说明作者可以通过厨房的窗子看到花园里的花。]

　　5．A.lovely

　　B．ugly

　　C．terrible

　　D．frightening

　　答案　A　[根据下文的and the pretty ________ flowers were gone可知这些花非常漂亮。]

　　6．A.garden

　　B．ditch

　　C．highway

　　D．department

　　答案　B　[作者想象着从沟里挖来的花与其他的花在一起会显得很漂亮

　　7．A.walked

　　B．ran

　　C．rolled

　　D．drove

　　答案　D　[下文的I'll stop my car on my way home and dig them说明作者是开车上班。]

　　8．A.thinking

　　B．reminding

　　C．explaining

　　D．expressing

　　答案　A　[作者在开车经过这些花时会想到下班回家的路上挖这些花。其他选项不符合句意。]

　　9．A.ever

　　B．even

　　C．never

　　D．still

　　答案　C　[作者从未真正去挖这些花，才造成了后来的遗憾。]

　　10．A.seat

　　B．bike

　　C．shovel

　　D．scissors

　　答案　C[因为作者想挖这些花，所以她的丈夫给了她一把折叠的铲子。]

　　11．A.program

　　B．dream

　　C．purchase

　　D．purpose

　　答案　D　[作者的丈夫给作者折叠的铲子的目的是为了那个明确的“目的”，即挖那些漂亮的花。]

　　12．A.glad

　　B．sad

　　C．delighted

　　D．joyful

　　答案　B　[因为自己喜欢的花不见了，所以作者很悲伤。]

　　13．A.cut down

　　B．sold out

　　C．set up

　　D．held up

　　答案　A　[cut down“砍掉”；sell out“卖光”；set up“建立”；hold up“推迟；耽搁”。根据句子意思可知，作者伤心是因为花被砍光了。]

　　14．A.yellow

　　B．white

　　C．blue

　　D．red

　　答案　C　[上文的I've often thought that those__5__ blue flowers给出了提示。]

　　15．A.blooming

　　B．dying

　　C．developing

　　D．improving

　　答案　A　[作者后悔的是没有在当初这些花开的时候挖一些。]

　　16．A.bored

　　B．tired

　　C．shocked

　　D．concerned

　　答案　C　[根据后面的saddened可知，作者听到丈夫的姐姐得了癌症后是很震惊的。]

　　17．A.luckily

　　B．completely

　　C．generally

　　D．unfortunately

　　答案　D　[根据下文的because of age and distance, we haven't been as __18__ as we all would have liked可知，作者认为年龄大和距离远的缘故亲人之间没有太多的亲近是不幸的。]

　　18．A.talent

　　B．close

　　C．satisfied

　　D．obvious

　　答案　B　[解析同上。]

　　19．A.connection

　　B．argument

　　C．engagement

　　D．exploration

　　答案　A　[作者通过上面的描述，仿佛看到了该挖而未挖的花与亲朋之间那种该亲近而未亲近的联系。]

　　20．A.operate

　　B．intend

　　C．transplant

　　D．appreciate

　　答案　C　[transplant“移植”。上文讲到作者后悔没能及时挖那些花种在花园里，所以作者想到如果以

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　体裁：说明文　话题：海洋　词数：318　时间：7′

　　The sea is home to billions of plants and animals.Many live only near the sunlit surface.Oceanographers classify marine living beings by separating them into two main groups：plants and animals.

　　There are two general types of plants found in the ocean, those having roots that are attached to the ocean bottom and those not having roots which simply drift about with the water.The rooted plants in the ocean are only found in shallow water because there is not enough sunlight to sustain photosynthesis(光合作用) in deeper waters.Since sunlight does not pass more than a few hundred feet into the ocean, most of the ocean is not capable of supporting rooted plants.

　　The most plenty plants in the ocean are known as phytoplankton(浮游生物)．These are usually single－celled, minute floating plants that drift throughout the surface waters of the ocean.To grow, phytoplankton need nutrients from the sea water and lots of sunlight.

　　Marine animals are divided into three groups：zooplankton, nekton, and benthos.Zooplankton are drifting animals and are usually small, however, they can grow to fairly large size.For example, the jellyfish and the Portuguese man－of－war are examples of larger types of zooplankton which are unable to propel(推进) themselves effectively.

　　Nekton are the free swimmers and probably the largest portion of familiar animals found in the ocean belong to this class.Common fishes, the octopus, whales, eels and squid are all examples of nekton.

　　The third type of sea animals spends its entire life on or in the ocean bottom.This group of marine animals is called the benthos.Some of these creatures, such as lobsters and snails, may be able to move about on the bottom but their lifestyle is so bound up with the ocean floor that they are unable to survive away from this environment.

　　【语篇解读】　海洋是成千上万种动物和植物的家乡。海洋植物主要有两种：有根植物和浮游植物；海洋动物大体可分为三类：浮游动物、游泳动物和海底动物。

　　21．The text mainly tells us something about ________．

　　A．marine plants and marine animals

　　B．two types of sea plants

　　C．three kinds of sea animals

　　D．small and big animals in the ocean

　　答案　A　[主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了海洋生物的分类(海洋植物和海洋动物)以及他们的特点。]

　　22．Why can't we find the rooted plants in deep water of the ocean?

　　A．Because there are too many rocks at the bottom of the ocean.

　　B．Because the rooted plants can't stand the coldness of the ocean.

　　C．Because there is not enough sunlight for them in deep water.

　　D．Because the rooted plants need more sunlight than plants which have no roots.

　　答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知，有根植物不能生存在很深的海底是因为那儿没有充足的阳光来进行光合作用。]

　　23．One of the characteristics of zooplankton is that ________．

　　A．they are small and never grow to large size

　　B．some of the zooplankton can't swim effectively

　　C．they can swim freely in deep water of the ocean

　　D．they need more sunlight than other animals in the ocean

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，有些zooplankton不能自己有效地推进自己，也就是说它们不能有效地游泳。]

　　24．According to the last paragraph, we can conclude that

　　________．

　　A．benthos live on the surface of the ocean water

　　B．some of the benthos can't live without the ocean floor

　　C．benthos spend most of their time swimming in the ocean

　　D．benthos can move about in the middle of the sea water

　　答案　B　[细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知benthos离开海底不能生存。]

　　B

　　体裁：记叙文　话题：人物与事件　词数：321　时间：7′

　　An Iowa elementary school principal was taped onto a gym wall by his students on Friday, November 5th, 2017.Principal Ryan Castle of Colorado Elementary School in Iowa, America let 27 students in his school tape him to a gym wall.He stayed up there, with his both feet suspended(悬浮) above the floor, from the morning until lunch time.

　　Ryan Castle earlier promised to the students that if they sold 10，000 fall festival tickets, he agreed to be taped onto a gym wall at his school.Unexpectedly, the students had sold 11，000 fall festival tickets by October the 31st.He kept his promise and he let the students tape him onto a gym wall.

　　Twenty－seven top－selling students were allowed to tape Ryan Castle up.Ryan Castle was photographed wearing a fake mustache because it was Mustache Day for the school.It was not the first time that principals were taped onto a wall in America.Ryan Castle's case comes after at least three other recent cases of school principals being taped up on the wall for a good cause.

　　On last Wednesday, Jay Woller of La Crescent Elementary School in Minnesota America was taped onto a wall after $21，000 was collected by his students through fundraising.And last month, Randy Ten Pas of Hull Christian School in Iowa America was taped onto a wall with duct tape.He was taped on a 300－feet－tall building wall in his school—as a symbolic reward for students' fundraising efforts coming to $3，300.Randy Ten Pas was photographed wearing a green cap and with a drawing of the Denver Broncos logo(商标) next to him.At St.Mary Catholic School in Orange, Texas, principal Donna Darby offered a similar ticket－selling challenge to students in September.He was also taped onto the wall in the end.They kept their word and set good examples to their students.

　　25．What is the purpose of the text?

　　A．To present a research result. B．To give some practical advice.

　　C．To make a comparison.D．To tell an interesting story.

　　答案　D　[推理判断题。本文介绍了美国的几个校长被自己的学生用胶带捆在墙上的故事。故选项D正确。]

　　26．Why was Ryan Castle taped onto the wall by his students?

　　A．His students sold more tickets than he had expected.

　　B．His students hated him for being too strict with them.

　　C．He didn't let his students celebrate the Mustache Day.

　　D．He broke his promise of letting the students sell the tickets.

　　答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Ryan Castle许诺学生如果卖掉10 000张票，他就让学生把自己捆在墙上，学生卖掉了11 000张票，超过了他的预期，所以他让学生把自己捆在墙上。]

　　27．Who was taped onto the wall with a green cap?

　　A．Ryan Castle.

　　B．Randy Ten Pas.

　　C．Jay Woller.

　　D．Donna Darby.

　　答案　B　[细节判断题。根据短文最后一段中的Ten Pas was photographed wearing a green cap and with a drawing of the Denver Broncos logo(商标) next to him.可知选项B正确。]

　　28．It can be inferred from the passage that ________．

　　A．American students are too naughty

　　B．American principals are not respected

　　C．American students like playing tricks on their principals

　　D．American principals set examples for students to keep their word

　　答案　D　[推理判断4位校长被学生捆在墙上都是因为他们遵守诺言，其目的也是为了为学生树立遵守诺言的榜样。]

　　Ⅲ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Steps to clean eating：It's easier than you think

　　1．Avoid most packaged and processed foods.

　　The first step in clean eating.__29__ While bagged, boxed, or canned foods can be a convenience—especially for healthy, out－of－season foods, make the habit of looking for added sugars, salt, and fats.You can always “correct” the flavors if you choose，with your own additions.

　　2．Choose real foods.

　　Look for foods that you can recognize in their whole, natural state.__30__ And include frozen fruits and vegetables in the mix.You'll save money and enjoy out－of－season produce, like blueberries in winter.

　　3．Cook and eat at home.

　　__31__ No guesswork or taste－testing for hidden fats, salt, and sugar found in restaurant meals and prepared foods.You can personalize your eating with spices and herbs instead of salt, smaller amounts of healthy fats, and a lot less sugar.

　　4．Stay hydrated.

　　Our bodies need enough water for the best function.And while fruits and vegetables are mostly water and contribute a large portion of daily fluid needs, added fluids are needed daily.While the newest guidelines suggest drinking “when thirsty”， most people ignore these signals, or don't really recognize them.__32__

　　5．Limit caffeine and alcohol.

　　New science fully documents the health benefits of reducing amounts of caffeine.Caffeine can boost alertness, energy, and mental focus when used modestly.__33__ Aim for up to 300 mg daily.And while alcohol can be a health plus, limit your intake to up to one daily serving for women, and two for men.

　　A．All humans are born with a sweet tooth.

　　B．Aim for at least 6 glasses of water daily.

　　C．Read labels to avoid added sugars, salt, and fats.

　　D．As caffeine intake rises, so do negative side effects.

　　E．When you cook at home you know the materials in every dish.

　　F．Form a healthy eating habit and then you'll enjoy a better quality of life.

　　G．Choose seasonal fruits and vegetables for the best nutrient density and freshness.

　　答案　

　　29．C　[本段标题为“避免包装食品和加工过的食品”。选项C意为“阅读标签以避免额外的糖、盐和脂肪”。包装食品和加工过的食品上面一般贴有标签，并注明是否有附加的糖、盐和脂肪。故选C。]

　　30．G　[本段标题为“选择真正的食品”。选项G意为“选择季节性最有营养和新鲜的水果和蔬菜”，这些水果和蔬菜对身体有好处，属于“真正的食品”。故选G。]

　　31．E　[本段标题为“在家做饭和吃饭”。选项E意为“当你在家做饭时，你明了每个E。]

　　32．B　[本段内容说明应该使身体保有充足的水分，选项B是一条建议，要每天喝至少6杯水。符合本段意思。故选B。]

　　33．D　[本段标题为“限制咖啡因和酒精”，选项D中的caffeine一词提示了该选项与标题内容相符。故选D。]