中国外交部部长王毅20日在中国发展高层论坛2017年年会上表示,在各国命运紧密相连的新的时代背景下,新兴大国与既有大国的利益已深度交融,如果发生冲突,只能是双输。因此中美关系不会走入“修昔底德陷阱”。
Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi delivers a speech at the China Development Forum 2017 in Beijing, capital of China, March 20, 2017. [Photo: Xinhua]
China and the United States can sidestep the Thucydides Trap and the Kindleberger Trap and jointly chart bilateral ties from a long-term perspective, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi said Monday in Beijing.
中国外交部部长王毅20日表示,中美可以避开“修昔底德陷阱”和“金德尔伯格陷阱”,从长远角度共同规划双边关系。
"China has the confidence to avoid the historical precedent through enhanced dialogue and coordination with the US side," Wang said during a luncheon speech at the 2017 China Development Forum (CDF).
王毅在中国发展高层论坛2017年年会上说:“中方有信心通过与美方加强对话协作,避免重蹈历史覆辙。”
“修昔底德陷阱”(Thucydides Trap)是由古希腊史学家修昔底德(Thucydides)在阐述公元前5世纪发生在雅典和斯巴达两国之间的战争时提出来的理论。他认为,一个崛起的大国(rising power)必然会挑战现有的大国(established power),而现存大国也必然会回应这种威胁。双方面临的威胁多数以战争告终,而冲突的结果也会是灾难性的,两个强国都将走向衰落。
“金德尔伯格陷阱”(Kindleberger Trap)由马歇尔计划的天才构想者,后执教于麻省理工学院的查尔斯•金德尔伯格提出,他认为,20世纪30年代的灾难起源于美国取代英国成为全球最大强权(the US replacing Britain as the largest global power),但又未能像英国一样承担起提供全球公共产品的责任(failing to take on Britain's role in providing public goods)。其结果是全球体系崩溃,陷入萧条、种族灭绝和世界大战。
王毅表示,当今世界事务已如此复杂多样,不可能仅靠一个国家承担提供所有国际公共产品的责任,唯有开展国际合作才是可行选择(a single country cannot provide all public goods for the world with such complexity, international cooperation is the only possible choice)。所以中美关系也不会面临“金德尔伯格陷阱”。
对于朝鲜半岛核问题,王毅表示,面对新的形势,我们又再次提出了中国的解决方案,那就是同时推进实现半岛无核化与建立半岛和平机制的“双轨并行”思路(the "parallel-track approach", denuclearizing the Korean Peninsula and replacing the Korean armistice with a peace agreement at the same time),以及通过朝鲜暂停核导活动、美韩暂停大规模军演,为启动“双轨并行”迈出第一步的“双暂停”倡议(the "suspension-for-suspension proposal," that is the DPRK's suspension of missile and nuclear activities in exchange for a halt of the large scale US-ROK exercises)。这个方案设计旨在找到复谈的突破口,先摘下“低垂的果实”,既现实可行,又合情合理,同时也完全符合安理会决议既实施严厉制裁、又呼吁和平解决的宗旨。
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