2017届高考英语一轮复习必备单词素材：Unit 7 The Sea（北师大版）

　　Unit 7　The Sea

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.evaluate vt.评估，评价

　　2.sign n.

　　符号；手势

　　3.further adv.

　　更远，较远

　　4.recognise vt.

　　辨认出

　　5.ban vt.

　　禁止

　　6.handle vt.

　　对付

　　7.present vt.

　　讲演；演示

　　8.discount n.

　　折扣，减价

　　9.measure vi.& vt.

　　(长度、数量)为；测量

　　10.escape vi.

　　逃脱，逃跑

　　11.debate n.

　　辩论，争论

　　12.participate vi.参加→participation n．参加

　　13.arrange vt.安排，准备→arrangement n．安排

　　14.frightening adj.令人惊恐的，骇人的→frighten vt.(使)惊恐→frightened adj.害怕的；受惊的→fright n．恐怖；惊恐

　　15.persuade vt.说服，劝服→persuasion n．说服

　　16.apologise vi.道歉→apology n．道歉

　　17.pollute vt.使污染→pollution n．污染

　　18.intelligent adj.有灵性的；聪明的→intelligence n．智力，理解力

　　19.energetic adj.有活力的→energy n．精力；活力

　　20.discovery n．发现→discover vt.发现

　　21.educate vt.教育→educator n．教育工作者→education n．教育，培养

　　22.attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引人的地方→attractive adj.吸引人的

　　23.terror n．恐怖，恐惧→terrify vt.令人感到恐惧→terrifying adj.使人感到恐惧的→terrified adj.感到恐怖的

　　24.survive vi.幸存，生存下来→survival n．幸存，生存→survivor n．幸存者，生还者 用所给词的适当形式填空1.I don't feel energetic (energy) enough to rush about, so I'll sit down.

　　2.In the light of recent discoveries (discover), it may be necessary to revise our previous theory.

　　3.He glanced at the envelope and recognised (recognise) his uncle's handwriting.

　　4.The journey along this route is very attractive (attract) because of its picturesque scenery.

　　5.I'll make arrangements (arrange) for you to be met at the airport.

　　6.It didn't take much persuasion (persuade) to get her to tell us the truth.

　　7.The child made a very intelligent comment, which showed that he was a boy of very high intelligence.(intelligent)

　　8.It was reported that the chemical factory polluted the environment and the pollution was very serious.(pollute)

　　9.Only two passengers survived the air crash. When the two survivors were interviewed, they said their survival was a wonder.(survive)

　　10.On seeing the frightening scene of the traffic accident, the frightened child was trembling with fright.(fright)

　　11.What happened without any previous warning that day terrified all the passengers aboard the train. It was really a terrifying scene, and many people are still terrified at the thought of taking a high­speed train.(terrify)

　　12.We all participated in the camp and agreed that this participation was very valuable.(participate) 1.由discount想到的

　　①promotion n．　促销

　　②retail n.

　　零售

　　③purchase n.

　　购买

　　④wholesale adj.

　　批发的

　　⑤on sale

　　廉价出售

　　⑥New Arrival

　　新品上市

　　2.“聪明”词汇一览

　　①talent n．才能；天赋

　　②wisdom n.

　　智慧

　　③brilliant adj.

　　卓越的

　　④clever adj.

　　聪明的

　　⑤gifted adj.

　　有天赋的

　　⑥intelligent adj.

　　聪明的

　　⑦smart adj.

　　机敏的

　　3.­ing结尾形容词小结

　　①frightening

　　令人惊恐的

　　②touching

　　感动的

　　③embarrassing

　　令人尴尬的

　　④puzzling

　　令人困惑的

　　⑤boring

　　枯燥的

　　⑥satisfying

　　令人满意的

　　4.debate近义词全扫描

　　①argue v．争论，争辩

　　②discuss v.

　　讨论，谈论

　　③negotiate v.

　　洽谈，协商

　　④quarrel v.

　　争吵，争论

　　speak about/of

　　谈论

　　talk over

　　(反复)讨论

　　5.­ive结尾形容词集锦

　　attractive

　　吸引人的

　　sensitive

　　敏感的

　　creative

　　有创造力的

　　productive

　　多产的

　　imaginative

　　虚构的

　　effective

　　有效的

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.participate_in　 参加

　　2.on_one's_own

　　独自地；独立地

　　3.fill_out

　　填写

　　4.set_sail

　　启航

　　5.according_to

　　根据，依照

　　6.deal_with

　　处理；对付

　　7.make_sense

　　有道理，有意义

　　8.in_addition_to

　　除……以外还有

　　9.get_into_trouble

　　陷入麻烦，陷入困境

　　10.make_it_to

　　到达

　　11.in_search_of

　　寻找，寻求

　　12.make_a_living

　　谋生

　　13.watch_out

　　注意

　　14.all_at_once

　　突然，忽然

　　15.pick_up

　　取，接载；无意中学到

　　16.be_covered_with

　　覆盖 选用左栏短语填空1.See, your computer has broken down again！It doesn't make_sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.

　　2.The girl entered the kitchen in_search_of food the moment she arrived home from school.

　　3.All_at_once,_we heard a shot and the soldier fell down to the ground.

　　4.The boy picked_up some English while living in America with his parents.

　　5.According_to the law, all foreigners have to register with the local police within two weeks of arrival.

　　6.In_addition_to the school, the village has a clinic，which was also built with government support. 1.“参加”词汇小聚

　　①join　join in

　　②take part in

　　⑤attend

　　③participate in

　　2.make短语大全

　　make a living　谋生

　　make a fortune

　　发财

　　make a mess

　　弄糟

　　make a comment

　　作出评论

　　make a difference

　　有影响

　　make sense

　　有道理

　　3.“除……之外”词汇知多少

　　in addition to　besides

　　②except (for)

　　⑤but (for)

　　③aside/apart from

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.It's three times as big underwater. (冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。 “倍数＋as ... as ...”是倍数表达法的常用句型。 在2016年里约热内卢奥运会期间，汽车的数量将是我们预料的三倍。There will be three_times_as_many_cars_as we expected during the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.

　　2.You certainly won't find a noisier fish.

　　你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。 形容词比较级和否定词连用表达最高级含义。 多么好的一篇小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。What a wonderful novel！I have_never_read_a_more_moving_one

　　3.One day, my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands, our boat full of fish. 那一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海上打鱼归来，船上载满了鱼。 our boat full of fish为独立主格结构。 听说她在这起事故中受伤了，我内心充满了担忧。I heard that she got injured in the accident, my_heart_full_of_worry.

　　4.Our boat survived, and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear, and screamed out the terrifying word “Whirlpool！”我们的船幸存下来，我正竭力从恐惧中回过神来，就在这时，哥哥把他的嘴放到我的耳朵旁，大声说出那个令人胆战心惊的词“漩涡”。 be doing ... when ...“正在做……这时……”。 我正在上网，这时我发现了一些关于iPhone 6s的信息。I was_surfing on the Internet when I found some information about iPhone 6s

　　1．arrange vt.安排，准备；整理；排列

　　[教材原句]　If not, then your group should arrange to meet outside of school hours and choose a time that's best for most people in the group.

　　如果没完成，那么你们小组应该安排在课余时间见面，选择一个对你们小组大多数人都适合的时间。

　　(1)arrange to do sth.安排做某事

　　arrange for

　　为……做准备(安排)

　　arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.

　　安排某人/物做某事

　　(2)arrangement n.

　　整理；布置；安排

　　make arrangements for ...

　　为……做好安排

　　Her parents are busy arranging_for her wedding ceremony.

　　她的父母正忙着为她的婚礼做准备。

　　We have made all the arrangements (arrange) for the conference that will be held next week.

　　我们已做好下周将要召开的会议的全部筹备工作。

　　He arranged that the meeting (should)_be_put_off for a week.

　　他已安排好将会议延期一周。

　　[名师指津]　不能说arrange sb.to do sth.且arrange后跟that从句时，从句用虚拟语气“(should＋) do”形式。

　　2．sign n．符号；标志；手势；征兆，迹象vt.签署；示意；打手势

　　[高考佳句]　Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables in store and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting.(2017·湖北高考多选)

　　检查储藏的胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱和其他蔬菜，然后立即使用或者扔掉有腐烂迹象的蔬菜。

　　(1)sign of/that ...……的迹象/征兆

　　traffic signs

　　交通标志

　　(2)sign (to sb.) to do sth.

　　示意(某人)去做某事

　　sign in/out

　　签到/退

　　sign up/on (sb.)

　　报名；注册；签约雇用(某人)

　　sign up (for sth.)

　　报名(参加课程)

　　①Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune and wealth.

　　欧洲人把储蓄罐看做是好运和财富的象征。

　　②The company has_signed_on/up three top models for the fashion show.

　　为了时装表演，公司签约聘请了三名顶级模特儿。

　　③Our monitor signed_to_us_to_stop_talking before our headteacher came into the classroom.

　　在班主任进入教室前，班长示意我们停止说话。

　　3．persuade vt.说服，劝服；使相信

　　[高考佳句]　I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.(2015·浙江高考书面表达)

　　我设法说服了我的同学接受我的观点。

　　(1)　说服某人做某事

　　(2)

　　说服某人不做某事

　　(3)persuade sb.of sth.　使某人相信某事

　　persuade sb. that ...

　　使某人相信……

　　①Nobody can persuade her to_change (change) her mind once it is made up.

　　一旦她下定了决心，没有人可以说服她改变主意。

　　②We persuaded him out of lending (lend) his money to that untrustworthy man.

　　我们说服了他，不让他把钱借给那个不能信赖的人。

　　③In a debate you need to persuade_the_listeners_of the soundness of your argument.

　　在辩论中你需要让听众信服你的论点的准确性。

　　[辨析比较]　persuade sb.to do, try to persuade sb.to do, advise sb.to do

　　试一试　选择以上词语填空

　　John has been ill for a long time. At first, many friends ①advised him to see a doctor, but he refused.Later his wife ②tried_to_persuade him and also failed.Who else can ③persuade him to do so?

　　辨一辨

　　persuade sb.to do 强调劝说并达到成效，即说服

　　try to persuade sb.to do 试图说服某人做(某事), 强调过程

　　advise sb.to do 建议某人做(某事)，不涉及最后的结果

　　4．apologise vi.道歉，谢罪

　　[高考佳句]　She apologised for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on the top floor.(2017·广东高考语法填空)

　　她因她的错误道歉并给了我们一个在顶楼的空闲的VIP房间。

　　(1)apologise to sb. for (doing) sth.

　　　 　因(做)某事向某人道歉

　　apologise to sb.that ... 向某人道歉……

　　(2)apology n.

　　道歉

　　make an apology to sb. for

　　sth.

　　因某事向某人道歉

　　accept/refuse one's apology

　　接受/拒绝某人的道歉

　　owe sb. an apology

　　应向某人道歉

　　The teacher made a suggestion that she should make an apology to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.

　　＝The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologise_to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.

　　老师建议她为自己不良行为向同桌道歉。

　　Please accept_our_apology for the inconvenience this matter has given you.

　　对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。

　　5．present vt.讲演；演示；给予，赠送；提出；介绍，引见n.现在，目前；礼物adj.出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的

　　[高考佳句]　Personally, I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.(2017·重庆高考书面表达)

　　就我个人而言，我认为最好的礼物不一定是最昂贵的礼物。

　　(1)present sb.with sth.＝present sth.to sb.

　　把某物交给/颁发/授予某人

　　present sb.to sb.

　　把某人介绍/引见给某人

　　(2)at the present time＝at present目前，现在

　　for the present

　　就现在来说，暂时

　　(3)be present at

　　出席……

　　①The students presented flowers to their teachers on Teachers' Day.　

　　＝The students presented their teachers with flowers on Teachers' Day.

　　教师节这天学生们送花给老师。

　　②At_present,_twenty countries do not have enough water to produce the food their people need.

　　目前，有二十个国家没有足够的水源为它们的人民生产所需的食物。

　　③Though no one knew it, it was the last time he would_be_present_at the wedding.

　　尽管没人知道，但这是他最后一次出席婚礼了。

　　[一言串记]　Everyone present at the meeting presented their own views, and they were all presented with beautiful presents.

　　出席会议的每个人都提出了他们自己的观点，并得到了精美礼物。

　　6．attract vt.吸引，引起……的注意；使喜爱；引起……的好感(或爱慕)

　　[高考佳句]　China Today attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.(2015·福建高考单选)

　　《今日中国》杂志吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界各地越来越多的人想了解中国。

　　(1)attract sb.to ...　 　把某人吸引到……

　　attract one's attention/interest

　　吸引某人的注意/兴趣

　　(2)attraction n.

　　吸引人的事物，吸引力

　　(3)attractive adj.

　　有魅力的，吸引人的

　　be attractive to sb.

　　对某人有吸引力

　　Beautiful flowers in the streets of Beijing attracted_many_people's_attention.

　　北京街上的漂亮花朵吸引了许多人的注意。

　　Thousands of people were attracted to the Milan World Expo the day it opened.

　　米兰世博会开放当天，成千上万的人被吸引到此处。

　　Actually, the three columns are equally attractive (attract) to us students.(2017·上海高考满分作文)

　　实际上，这三个栏目对我们学生有同样的吸引力。

　　7．measure vi.&vt.(长度、数量)为；测量；衡量n.计量制；计量单位；措施；尺寸

　　[教材原句]　Bigger dolphins can measure four metres in length but common dolphins are usually less than two metres long.

　　大一些的海豚会有4米长，但是普通的海豚通常不足两米长。

　　(1)measure ... by ...　用……来衡量……

　　be measured by/in

　　用……来衡量/计算

　　(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.

　　采取措施做某事

　　make sth. to sb.'s measure

　　照某人的尺寸做某物

　　①It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be_measured (measure) only by examination results.

　　普遍认为教育不应该单纯用考试成绩来衡量。

　　②Some villagers reported a huge snake, measuring (measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave.

　　一些村民报告说发现了一条长两米多的巨蛇，发现时已经在附近的洞里死了。

　　③The number of them is less than 1,000, so I hope you can take some effective measures to_protect_them.(2017·重庆高考写作)

　　它们的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取有效措施来保护它们。

　　8．escape vi.逃脱，逃跑；被忘掉，被忽视n.逃走，逃脱

　　[经典例句]　He broke down the locked door and escaped.(朗文P736)

　　他砸开上锁的门后逃跑了。

　　(1)escape from/out of ...从……中逃脱

　　escape (doing) sth.

　　避免/逃脱(做)某事

　　(2)make one's escape

　　逃走

　　a narrow escape

　　九死一生

　　①Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to_escape_from/out_of the rising flood waters.(2017·上海高考单选)

　　她设法逃离了不断上涨的洪水只是非常侥幸而已。

　　②We were very lucky to escape being_punished/punishment (punish)．

　　我们很幸运，没有受到处罚。

　　9．survive vi.幸存，生存下来vt.幸免于，幸存；比……活得长

　　[经典例句]　Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.(牛津P2036)

　　在这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。

　　(1)survive on靠……幸存/生存

　　survive sb.(by three years)

　　比……活得长(3年)

　　survive sth.

　　幸免于……；从……中活过来

　　survive from ...

　　从……存活下来/流传下来

　　(2)survival n.

　　幸存，继续存在；幸存物，残存物

　　survivor n.

　　幸存者，生还者

　　People who survive_the_earthquake will remember their terrible experiences forever.

　　那些在地震中幸存下来的人将会永远记住他们可怕的经历。

　　The man survived his wife by five years, during which he lived in a small house.

　　那个男子比他妻子多活了五年，在此期间他一直住在一所小房子里。

　　Having_survived (survive) that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.

　　从那天晚上幸存下来以后，我们都相信接下来的事情将会一切顺利。

　　[名师指津]　survive表示“从地震、火灾、事故中幸存下来”时，为及物动词，其后不加介词from。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空)

　　1．I don't have any further information about George at present.

　　2．All the teachers who want to visit our school must sign in on arrival.

　　3．Because of cheating, Charlie has been banned from cycling for a year.

　　4．You should apologise for losing your temper with her.

　　5．He made his escape from the burning car successfully.

　　6．If the share can be bought, it is said to be at a discount.

　　7．How many years does it take to be recognised as a native of one's country of birth?

　　8．I am trying to persuade him to_quit (quit) the attempt.

　　9．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring (measure) over 90 metres.

　　10. Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.

　　.重难点多练

　　1．arrange全方位

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I had him arrange for a car to send me.

　　②I've arranged that one of our representatives (should)_meet (meet) you at the airport.

　　③Can you arrange to_see (see) him at your convenience?

　　(2)根据汉语提示完成片段

　　I have ④arranged_for_Tom_to_pick_up (安排汤姆开车去接) the experts at the airport, and after that I'm to ⑤arrange_to_meet (安排接见) Mr. Wang. Now I have already ⑥made_arrangements_for (为……做安排) the conference tomorrow.

　　2．survive多棱镜

　　介词填空

　　①Mr.White survived his brother by 7 years.

　　②Many of the peasants survive on tiny plots (小块土地) of corn and beans.

　　③Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.

　　3．attract点点练

　　(1)用attract的适当形式填空

　　In Beijing, there are many ①attractions,_such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Tian'anmen Square. But what ②attracts me most is the Great Wall, which is also ③attractive to the foreigners. More and more foreigners are ④attracted by its beauty and come to China.

　　(2)完成句子

　　⑤He kept tipping the table to_attract_the_waiter's_attention.

　　他不停地敲桌子以吸引那个服务员的注意。

　　⑥Mount Tai is_attractive_to_tourists for its beautiful scenery and historical sites.

　　泰山的美景和历史古迹对旅游者很有吸引力。

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　1．根据语境选出present的词性和词义

　　The family presented the sword to the museum.

　　__B__

　　②The present situation is taking a turn for the better.

　　__G__

　　③Ken is not present, so I shall accept the prize on his behalf.

　　__F__

　　④We would like to present some suggestions which would help settle the question.__A__

　　⑤Will you join with me in buying a birthday present for them？__E__

　　⑥Not knowing how to present her boss to our manager, the woman pretended not to see our manager.

　　__C__

　　⑦Writers of history books often attempt to combine the past with the present. __D__

　　2．根据语境选出escape的词性和词义

　　(A)vi.逃离　 (B)vt.被遗忘 　(C)vi.泄漏

　　(D)n.逃脱，逃离

　　(E)n.泄漏

　　He was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment.__B__

　　②A prisoner has escaped from a jail in northern England.__A__

　　③They tried to stop the escape of gas from the damaged pipe.__E__

　　④The thief jumped into a car and made his escape.__D__

　　⑤Leave a window open to let some wet air escape.__C__

　　1．get into trouble陷入麻烦，陷入困境

　　[教材原句]　According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble.

　　根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而被迫离开冰岛。

　　(1)get sb.into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/摆脱困境

　　ask/look for trouble

　　自找麻烦，自讨苦吃

　　in trouble

　　处于困境中

　　(2)take trouble to do/doing sth.

　　尽心尽力地做某事

　　(3)have trouble with sth./(in) doing sth.

　　在(做)某事方面有麻烦/吃力

　　①If I don't get this finished in time, I'll be in trouble.

　　我如不按时把这完成就要倒霉了。

　　②You'd better hold your peace, or you'll ask/look_for_trouble.

　　你最好保持沉默，否则你会自找麻烦。

　　③When Peter speaks in public, he always has_trouble_(in)_thinking of the right things to say.

　　彼得当众讲话时，他总是难以想到合适的内容来说。

　　2．make it to到达(to为介词)

　　[教材原句]　Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.

　　埃里克又开始航行，这次他率领25艘船，最终只有14艘抵达了格陵兰岛。

　　make it＋时间就定为……时间吧

　　make it

　　获得成功；准时到达(尤其在困难

　　情况下)；幸免于难；渡过难关

　　get it

　　懂得，理解

　　①Sarah made_it_to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.

　　今天早上，萨拉及时到达机场，正好赶上了飞机。

　　②I've been having violin lessons every two weeks, but I think I'll make it every week from now on.

　　我一直是每两个星期上一次小提琴课，但是我想从现在起每个星期都上课。

　　3．pick up取，接载；拾起，捡起；收听(节目)；无意中学到；廉价买到；恢复健康；情况好转

　　[高考佳句]　Sally walked onto the platform, picked up a piece of chalk and wrote on the blackboard: “Rule 1: We are family！”(2015·广东高考读写任务)

　　莎莉走到讲台上拿起一根粉笔在黑板上写道： “规章1：我们是一家人。”

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中pick up的含义

　　①When is the weather going to pick up？It's been bad for weeks.情况好转

　　②Peter drove to Ann's house to pick up his dog, and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window.接载

　　③He is beginning to pick up after the operation, which delights his family.恢复健康

　　④It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly — he hasn't lived there very long.无意中学到

　　⑤My radio made in Shanghai can pick up BBC very clearly.收听(节目)

　　4．It's three_times_as_big underwater.

　　(冰山)水下部分是水上部分的三倍大。

　　(1)这是一个倍数表达法的常用句型，结构为：倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ...。

　　①It's said that the power plant is now twice_as_large_as what it was.(2017·安徽高考单选)

　　据说这个发电厂现在是以前的两倍大。

　　(2)常见的倍数表达法：

　　(1)A＋谓语＋倍数＋the size (length, width, depth ...) of＋B

　　(2)A＋谓语＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋B

　　(3)A＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ＋B

　　②After looking at the map, he finds this street is four times the_length_of that street.

　　看过地图之后，他发现这条街是那条街的四倍长。

　　[名师指津]　在倍数表达法中，一倍用once，两倍用twice，三倍及三倍以上用“数词＋times”来表示。

　　5．You certainly won't_find_a_noisier_fish.

　　你肯定不会发现比这更吵的鱼了。

　　(1)not ...a noisier fish的结构是：not ...＋a＋比较级＋名词的单数。这种结构是以比较级的形式来表达最高级的含义。

　　(2)用形容词的比较级形式表示最高级含义的结构有：

　　(1)比较级＋than＋

　　(2)not (never, nothing等表示否定意义的词)＋a/an＋比较级＋单数名词

　　The population of China is larger (large) than that of any other country in the world.

　　中国的人口比世界上任何其他国家的人口都多。

　　How exciting! I have never watched a_more_exciting match before.

　　真刺激啊！我以前从未观看过比这更刺激的比赛。

　　He is working harder than_any_other_student/all_the_other_students in this class.

　　他比这个班上其他任何学生学习都要努力。

　　.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　The old couple make their/a living by fishing on the sea every day.

　　②I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last.

　　③Watch out for sharp bends and adjust your speed accordingly.

　　④I was drying my hair. All at once, I smelt something burning.

　　⑤According to observers, the plane exploded shortly after take­off.

　　⑥She went into the kitchen in search of a drink.

　　⑦The movie Gone with the Wind is really a success. I have never seen a better (good) one.

　　⑧We were having a meeting when someone broke in.

　　⑨Regardless of others' disagreement, she went on with the research on her own.

　　⑩He picked up his hat and went away.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　Lake Taihu was_covered_with (覆盖) algae (藻) years ago. Smelly algae seriously polluted Lake Taihu and the local people's life got_into_trouble (陷入麻烦). Eventually, almost no fish survived_from (从……中存活) the polluted lake.

　　Once upon a time, the water in the lake was so clear that you could see a lot of fish. Many people there made_a_living (谋生) by fishing. Besides, Lake Taihu attracted a large number of people to visit it every year.

　　Now the government has been aware of the serious pollution and managed to take measures to_deal_with_it (处理它). At_present (现在) the environment of Lake Taihu has picked_up (好转)．

　　.重难点多练

　　1．trouble相关短语万花筒

　　单句语法填空

　　①Last weekend I went downtown and I had trouble finding (find) somewhere to park.

　　②Driving after drinking alcohol is asking for trouble.

　　③He often helps those who are in trouble.

　　④They take a lot of trouble to_find/finding (find) the right person for the right job.

　　⑤Don't copy my work or we'll both get into trouble.

　　2．倍数表达法站清

　　一句多译

　　众所周知，地球是月球的49倍大。

　　It's_known_to_us_that_the_earth_is_49_times_as_large_as_the_moon.(as＋形容词/副词原形＋as ...)

　　It's_known_to_us_that_the_earth_is_49_times_larger_than_the_moon.(形容词/副词比较级＋than ...)

　　It's_known_to_us_that_the_earth_is_49_times_the_size_of_the_moon.(the＋n.＋of ...)

　　课时练(一)　一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟)

　　.单词拼写

　　1．She screamed (大声喊叫) that there was a snake under the bed.

　　2．They debated (争论) for over an hour on the advantages of different systems.

　　3．I've got to go. I can't handle (对付) it any more.

　　4．Only four people managed to escape (逃离) before the roof collapsed.

　　5．This is a yardstick (标准) for measuring (衡量) whether a person is really progressive.

　　6．It can take many years to recover (恢复正常) from the death of a loved one.

　　7．He was banned (禁止) from leaving his country while he was investigated.

　　8．If an interview is too easy, it's a sure sign (预兆) that you haven't got the job.

　　9．The ship didn't sink (下沉) immediately; it floated for a while.

　　10．As soon as the opportunity presented (出现) itself, she would get another job.

　　11．Would you please tell me how much discount (折扣) you offer?

　　12．Anyone who disagrees (不同意) with me can tell me your reason.

　　.单句语法填空

　　1．It is said that he took the trouble to_gather (gather) the materials for me.

　　2．Mr. Green tried to persuade Miss King to_attend (attend) the important conference, but she refused.

　　3．Charles often attempts to escape being_fined (fine) whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

　　4．I was sleepy.I decided to make myself some strong coffee so I could work better (well)．

　　5．The work finished (finish), they left the office and went home.

　　6．The woman promised the boy she would make a dress to his own measure.

　　7．Some universities require that all students living in a dormitory sign up for a meal plan.

　　8．Most children at school hope that they can participate in activities that appeal to them after class instead of just doing their homework.

　　9．I never thought Clare would make it as a successful actress.

　　10．They were going back home when the accident happened.

　　11．This is the middle school where Mr.Smith taught English ten years ago.

　　12．We drove to the airport the next morning to pick up Susan to attend the wedding together.

　　13．Can you arrange for us to_visit (visit) the Industrial Exhibition tomorrow morning?

　　14．In its day, it was one of the greatest books to survive from the ancient world.

　　15．While there is a global ban on nuclear testing, a few countries are still doing experiments on nuclear weapons.

　　Ⅲ.单句改错

　　1．People are banned smoking in many public places in England.banned后加from

　　2．We encourage students to participate fully on the running of the college.on→in

　　3．Our school which was built last year is three times as bigger as his.bigger→big

　　4．The two neighbors disagreed bitterly with their boundary line.with→on

　　5．To our delight, everything goes on smoothly according the plan.the前加to

　　6．Nothing else is precious than water in the desert.precious前加more

　　7．If buyers pay in advance, they can make large wholesale purchases at discount.at后加a

　　8．Though badly frightening, the girl remained outwardly (表面上) calm.frightening→frightened

　　9．You'd better make an apology to your teacher for your late.late前加being

　　10．Read this sentence and tell me if it makes a sense.去掉a

　　.课文缩写语法填空

　　The Vikings, whose ancestors came from Scandinavia, were the first Europeans to_reach (reach) America. They had lived in many places of Northern Europe. In 982 AD, a man ②called (call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because of a murder, for which he got ③into trouble. Eric discovered Greenland and persuaded some people ④to_settle (settle) in Greenland. Later a man ⑤by the name of Biarni set sail from Iceland to search for Eric's party. ⑥But he was blown off course and ⑦eventually (eventual) reached Greenland. In the year 1002, Leif, Eric the Red's son, followed Biarni's directions and sailed to ⑧what is believed to be the coast of present­day Canada. He also discovered Newfoundland. Actually, Eric the Red and Leif's deeds are ⑨the first records we have of Europeans ⑩sailing (sail) to the Americas.

　　Ⅴ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　My friend Jack is an explorer, and he has a lot of experiences. Adventure on the sea is extremely dangerous, but (however/therefore/but) he still can persuade_some_people (说服一些人) to join in his adventure on the sea.

　　According_to_his_arrangement (根据他的安排), they set_sail (启航) last year in_search_of (寻找) whales. On the way, he warned his fellows to watch_out_for_sharks (注意鲨鱼) in case they got_into_trouble (陷入麻烦). Unfortunately, ①when they were having supper, a terrifying shark took them by surprise. ②They fought against it using harpoons in their hands. With their joint efforts, they survived finally. After a month's travel on the sea, they made_it_to_their_destination (到达目的地) and found the whales.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分

　　(1)join in→participate_in

　　(2)finally→eventually

　　(3)travel on the sea→voyage

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“be doing ... when”句型改写句①

　　..._they_were_having_supper_when_a_terrifying_shark_took_them_by_surprise.

　　(2)用独立主格结构改写句②

　　They_fought_against_it_harpoons_in_hands.

　　二、完形填空提练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)

　　(2016·石家庄高中毕业班适应性测试)Last night, my eighteen­year­old son and I were leaving a store. At the end of the parking lot, there stood a man. He was __1__ than many — most likely in his sixties — clean, but looked very sad. He was __2__ a sign which read: “Looking for work. __3__ to get enough money to buy a bus ticket to Wyoming.”

　　I drove by him and something in my heart said: You need to __4__ him. I rarely have cash on me, but today I __5__ had cash in my wallet. I had a $5 and a $10 dollar bill. I said to my son to get the $5 and we will __6__ by and hand it to the man.

　　My son said, “Mom, I think that man is really down on his __7__. Can we give it all to him？”

　　“That's all the cash I have，” I answered. “But, you can __8__ to give him the $5 or the $10.”

　　He __9__ took out the 10 dollars. We drove back over to the man. My son __10__ the man the money, he looked so __11__ and at first said nothing. He opened the __12__ and turned it over a few times realizing it wasn't just a dollar note. His eyes grew __13__， his mouth dropped open, and he said, “Thank you, thank you.”

　　“You're welcome，” we __14__， and drove off.

　　I didn't realize it, but my son __15__ him in the car mirror as we drove away. He told me that the man __16__ his backpack and began walking away. We don't know __17__ he was going, and it really doesn't matter. He was on his way.

　　On the __18__ of the ride home, my son told me that in his English class, they have been doing a service journal. He was excited to be able to go to school and write about this __19__.

　　It made us both feel so __20__ to help this old man. We hope, in some way, he finds his way back to Wyoming.

　　1．A.kinder B．stronger

　　C．older

　　D．taller

　　解析：选C　根据空格后的“most likely in his sixties”可知，这个人年纪比较大，所以older符合语境。

　　2．A.holding

　　B．making

　　C．checking

　　D．painting

　　解析：选A　根据常识可知，这个老人应该是举着一块牌子，所以hold符合语境。

　　3．A.Hesitating

　　B．Trying

　　C．Managing

　　D．Begging

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，这位老人想找一份工作，努力挣够钱买一张去Wyoming的车票，所以try符合语境。

　　4．A.defend

　　B．recognize

　　C．develop

　　D．help

　　解析：选D　根据下文内容可知，作者想帮助这位老人，所以help符合语境。

　　5．A.illegally

　　B．exactly

　　C．actually

　　D．finally

　　解析：选C　根据下一句“I had a $5 and a $10 dollar bill.”可知，此处指平时作者很少带现金，但是今天她的钱包里居然有些现金，所以actually符合语境。

　　6．A.drive

　　B．move

　　C．walk

　　D．stand

　　解析：选A　根据第五段第二句“We drove back over to the man.”可知，作者是开车来到这位老人身边的，所以drive符合语境。

　　7．A.impression

　　B．luck

　　C．voice

　　D．appearance

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者的儿子认为这位老人现在正处于困境，运气不好，所以luck符合语境。

　　8．A.deserve

　　B．demand

　　C．choose

　　D．promise

　　解析：选C　根据语境可知，作者认为不能将所有的现金都给老人，但儿子可以选择给老人5美元还是10美元。另外，空后的“or”也是提示，所以choose符合语境。

　　9．A.violently

　　B．immediately

　　C．hardly

　　D．slowly

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者的儿子立即拿出那张面额为10美元的钞票准备给那位老人，所以immediately符合语境。

　　10．A.threw

　　B．lent

　　C．spared

　　D．handed

　　解析：选D　此处应指作者的儿子将这张纸币递给老人，所以hand符合语境。

　　11．A.interested

　　B．troubled

　　C．shocked

　　D．disappointed

　　解析：选C　根据空格后的“at first said nothing ... turned it over a few times”可知，此处应指当这位老人看到有人直接拿钱帮助自己时，他非常震惊，一开始什么都没说，并将钞票翻来覆去看了好几遍，所以shocked符合语境。

　　12．A.wallet

　　B．bill

　　C．paper

　　D．dollar

　　解析：选B　根据空格后的“realizing it wasn't just a dollar note”可知，此处应指老人将作者的儿子递给他的钱展开，翻来覆去看了好几遍，才意识到这不是一张一美元的纸币，所以此处应填bill。故答案选B。

　　13．A.black

　　B．white

　　C．wide

　　D．narrow

　　解析：选C　根据语境可知，老人瞪大眼睛张大嘴，有点不敢相信眼前的状况，所以wide符合语境。

　　14．A.smiled

　　B．cried

　　C．sighed

　　D．shouted

　　解析：选A　根据常识可知，当这位老人感谢作者母子时，作者母子应该是微笑着说“不客气”，所以smile符合语境。

　　15．A.accompanied

　　B．repaid

　　C．suspected

　　D．watched

　　解析：选D　根据语境可知，此处指作者的儿子通过倒车镜注视着这位老人，所以watch符合语境。

　　16．A.filled in

　　B．gave up

　　C．picked up

　　D．turned down

　　解析：选C　根据语境可知，这位老人拿起背包准备离开，所以pick up“拿起，捡起”符合语境。故答案选C。

　　17．A.where

　　B．how

　　C．whether

　　D．when

　　解析：选A　根据语境可知，作者和她儿子都不知道这位老人要去哪里。根据语境可知，此处应用where引导宾语从句并在从句中作地点状语。故答案选A。

　　18．A.top

　　B．rest

　　C．part

　　D．back

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知，在剩下的返程中，作者的儿子向她说了一件事，所以rest符合语境。

　　19．A.ride

　　B．effect

　　C．cash

　　D．experience

　　解析：选D　作者母子帮助这位老人的事情对儿子来讲是一次难忘的经历，所以experience“经历”符合语境。

　　20．A.positive

　　B．energetic

　　C．special

　　D．normal

　　解析：选A　根据语境可知，帮助老人这件事让作者母子二人都感觉很好，所以positive“良好的，正面的”符合语境。

　　课时练(二)　阅读理解提速练(练速度)

　　(限时：35分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·河北五校联盟质检二)When Joshua Blue, a head teacher at the Kennedy, hosts a lecture for his students, he wears a light violet­colored tie. “You don't want so many bright colors that the kids will get distracted，” said Blue. Colors give off very specific signals, and different tie colors stand for very different impacts. Wondering what color tie to wear to your next meeting? Here's how to choose the perfect color tie for every occasion：

　　All powerful reds

　　It's not a coincidence (巧合) that many politicians wear red­colored ties with light shirts and darker suits. “Red is the powerful color，” said Mark Woodman, a trend analyst who studies color in Laurel, Maryland. “There's something about red that always comes back to strength and passion.” But the tone of your reds matters, too. Darker reds can help build trust, while lighter red and pink ties can be more of a statement about your personal style and be associated with creativity. When you want to convey a sense of ambition, consider a shiny red.

　　Royal purples

　　Ross Znavor, an executive in financial services in New York, wears purple ties rather than red to business meetings because the color shows a bit of self­confidence and helps him create lasting first impressions. Purple, traditionally a sign of royalty and wealth, is becoming more acceptable in the workplace.

　　Black affairs

　　“While you might not wear them to meetings on a regular basis, wearing black ties to a cocktail party or even a dinner is unique and attractive，” said Zyla. But remember: the formal black color can feel aggressive in many situations. “Avoid it if you are a green­hand at work，” Zyla said.

　　Right blues

　　Afraid of sending the wrong message with your tie color? Consider blue as the all­purpose tie. Blue ties are a good investment because the color reminds people of the sky and ocean. “Blue is the safest color to wear，” Lindsay said.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。每一种颜色都会传递不同的信息，产生不同的影响。在想下一次开会要系什么颜色的领带吗？本文能帮你选出匹配每个场合的最佳颜色的领带。

　　1．Why do many politicians prefer red­colored ties?

　　A．Because they often wear light shirts and darker suits.

　　B．Because they want to get promoted.

　　C．Because red is related to strength and passion.

　　D．Because red gets their message across easily.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Red is the powerful color”和“There's something about red that always comes back to strength and passion.”可知选C。

　　2．Who will probably choose the purple ties?

　　A．Politicians. B．Businessmen.

　　C．Artists.

　　D．Head teachers.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段中的“business meetings because the color ... more acceptable in the workplace.”可知，紫色会让职场人士显得自信，从而获得良好的第一印象，象征尊贵。

　　3．What color tie will you consider if you are a green­hand at work?

　　A．Red.

　　B．Purple.

　　C．Black.

　　D．Blue.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。综合全篇可以看出红色领带适合政治家；紫色领带适合商业人士；而新人应避免戴黑色领带，由最后一段中的“Consider blue as the all­purpose tie.”和“Blue is the safest color to wear”可知对于新手来说，戴蓝色领带最为保险。

　　B

　　(2016·潍坊市第一中学高三上学期月考)Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time — about eight hours after you wake up — your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.

　　In many parts of the world, people take naps (小睡) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates, where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people often suffer less from problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers don't follow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap — even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.

　　4．Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon?

　　A．Because you eat too much for lunch.

　　B．Because it's hot in summer.

　　C．Because your body temperature goes down at that time.

　　D．Because you didn't have a good sleep last night.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time — about eight hours after you wake up — your body temperature goes down.” 可知选C。

　　5．What can we learn about “naps” according to the last paragraph?

　　A．All the people in warmer climates take naps in the middle of the day.

　　B．Doctors need to take naps while employers don't.

　　C．If you take naps every day, you'll never suffer from heart disease.

　　D．Taking naps regularly is beneficial to people's health.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段特别是“A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general.”可知D项正确。根据“Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps.”可知A项错误；B项是对“Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers don't follow it！”的曲解；C项说法太绝对，故应排除。

　　6．What can we infer from the passage?

　　A．If you get up at 6：30 am, you'd better take a nap at about 1：30 pm.

　　B．Taking a nap whenever you want will do good to your health.

　　C．You will feel less sleepy if you sleep for a long time.

　　D．You'll feel sleepy at regular intervals.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段的“Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.”可知A项错误；由文章最后一段的倒数第二、三句可知，午睡太长或太晚都会使人感到疲劳，故C项错误；午睡应有合适的时间，想睡就睡对身体无益，故B项错误；根据第一段的“At that time — about eight hours ... slow down and feel sleepy.” 可知到某个时候通常会感到困倦，故D项正确。

　　7．What would be the best title for the text?

　　A．Just for a Rest

　　B．All for a Nap

　　C．A Special Sleep Pattern

　　D．Taking Naps in Warmer Climates

　　解析：选B　标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了午休对身体有很大的好处，因此建议大家如果有可能的话，都养成午休的习惯。故选B。

　　C

　　(2016·东北三省四市第一次联考)Many foreign students report feeling lonely or unwelcome in Australia. Those feelings are among the reasons why Australia is taking a close look at its international education industry. But wherever international students go, making friends may not always be easy. Elisabeth Gareis of Baruch College in New York surveyed 454 international students. They were attending four­year colleges and graduate schools in the American South and Northeast.

　　Students from English­speaking countries and from northern and central Europe were more likely to be happy with their friendships. But 38% of the international students said they had no close friends in the United States. And half of the students from East Asia said they were unhappy with the number of American friends they had. Thirty percent said they wished their friendships could be deeper and more meaningful.

　　Professor Gareis says, “Students from East Asia have cultures that are different on many levels from the culture in the United States. There are also language problems, and maybe some social skills, such as small talks, which are possibly not as important in their native countries, where it's not as important to start friendships with small talks. Many East Asian students blamed themselves for their limited friendships with Americans, for not speaking the language well enough and for not knowing the culture well enough.”

　　VOA's Students Union blogger Jessica Stahl did her own survey to find out how American students and foreign students relate to each other. More than 100 students, about half of them American, answered her online questions. Half of the international students and 60% of the Americans said they related as well or better to the other group than to their own group.

　　Professor Gareis says, “International students who make friends with host nationals are, overall, more satisfied with their stay in the host country. They have better language skills, better academic performance and better attitudes toward the host country.”

　　8．What can be the best title for the text?

　　A．Making Friends Is Not Always Easy for Foreign Students

　　B．Students from East Asia Are Not Good at Making Friends

　　C．International Education Industry in Australia and America

　　D．The Relation between Foreign Students and Host Countries

　　解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据第一段的“But wherever international students go, making friends may not always be easy.”可知，本文是围绕着国际留学生不容易交友而进行阐述的。故答案选A。

　　9．Professor Gareis tends to think that ________.

　　A．culture shock should be blamed for many levels of American culture

　　B．foreign students don't know small talks mean a lot to Americans　

　　C．foreign students should learn some basic social skills first of all

　　D．foreign students have difficulty making friends for different reasons

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，外国学生难交到朋友是因为文化层次不同、语言以及社交技巧等各方面问题造成的。故答案选D。

　　10．How did Jessica Stahl carry out her survey?

　　A．By doing questionnaires from Students Union.

　　B．By asking questions on the Internet.

　　C．By forming the students into groups.

　　D．By doing a survey through VOA.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“More than 100 students ... online questions.”可知，她是通过让学生们在网上回答问题而开展调查的。故答案选B。

　　11．Which of the following statements will the writer probably agree with?

　　A．International students like to make more friends in their own group.

　　B．International students are more likely to remain in the host country after graduation.

　　C．Students who make more friends at home have better academic performance.

　　D．Students who make friends in their host countries feel happier with their experience.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“International students ... in the host country.”可知，那些与东道国学生交友的国际留学生，对自己在东道国的经历更满意。故答案选D。

　　D

　　(2016·太原二模)Washington: NASA has announced evidence that Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede, has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface. The ocean seems to have more water than all the water on Earth's surface, according to new Hubble observations.

　　New Hubble observations of Ganymede's magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon, which is the largest in our whole solar system, is home to a subsurface ocean.

　　Scientists estimate that the oceanis 95 kilometres thick, which is about 10 times deeper than Earth's oceans. But unlike our salty waters, Ganymede's ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.

　　While scientists have speculated (推测) since the 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymede — the largest moon in our solar system — until now the only observational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft, which didn't observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.

　　This discovery marks an important milestone, highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish. In its 25 years in orbit, Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in our own solar system. A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.

　　Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europa,_another moon orbiting Jupiter, and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the life that might come with liquid water.

　　Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth, but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets. Using these same principles, scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant exoplanets as well.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇资讯报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星Ganymede上有海洋，这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野，使探寻太阳系内地球以外的生命的努力更进了一步。

　　12.What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?

　　A．It is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.

　　B．Its ocean adds to people's excitement about life beyond Earth.

　　C．It will be used by NASA as a base for the Hubble telescope.

　　D．Its liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，木星卫星Ganymede上海洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B项。

　　13．Which of the following best describes the writer's attitude towards Hubble?

　　A．Cautious.B．Doubtful.

　　C．Negative.

　　D．Favourable.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知，这次具有里程碑意义的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成。由此可推知，作者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。故选D项。

　　14．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?

　　A．An underground ocean has been found in Europa.

　　B．The presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible.

　　C．It is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.

　　D．No evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa.

　　解析：选C　句意猜测题。根据第六段中的“and NASA has announced plans to send ... with liquid water”可知，因为Europa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜寻地外生命；由此可推知，画线句意为：科学家们已经证实Europa上存在海洋。故选C项。

　　15．What type of writing does this passage belong to?

　　A．A term essay.

　　B．A news report.

　　C．An experiment report.

　　D．An exploration review.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington: NASA has announced evidence ...”及文章内容可推知，本文为一篇资讯报道。故选B项。

　　Ⅱ.阅读七选五

　　(2016·九江市高三二模)

　　Guide for Teenagers

　　The teenage years can be tough, and it's normal to feel sad every now and then. But if these feelings don't go away or become so intense that you can't handle them, you may be suffering from depression. __1__.

　　Try not to isolate yourself

　　When you're depressed, you may not feel like seeing anybody or doing anything. Just getting out of bed in the morning can be difficult, but isolating yourself only makes depression worse. __2__. Spend time with friends, especially those who are active.

　　Keep your body healthy

　　Making healthy lifestyle choices can do wonders for your moods. Ever heard of “RunnersHigh”？ Physical activity can be as effective as medications for depression, so get involved in sports, ride your bike, or take a dance class. Any activity helps! __3__. As for food, make sure you're feeding your mind with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

　　Avoid alcohol and drugs

　　You maybe try drinking or use drugs in an effort to escape from your feelings and get a “mood boost”， even if just for a short time. However, substance abuse can not only make depression worse, but can cause you to become more depressed. __4__. You will need special treatment for your substance abuse problem.

　　__5__

　　Stress and worry can lead to depression. Talk to a teacher if exams or classes seem overwhelming. In addition, if you have a health concern you feel you can't talk to your parents about, see a doctor. A health professional can help you approach your parents and guide you toward appropriate treatment. If you're dealing with relationships, friendships, or family problems, talk to an adult you trust.

　　A．Ask for help if you are stressed

　　B．Even a short walk can be beneficial

　　C．Turn to your parents for help

　　D．As you get out into the world, you may find yourself feeling better

　　E．In short, drinking and taking drugs will make you feel worse — not better — in the long run

　　F．The more exercise you do, the healthier you will be

　　G．Help is available and you have more power than you think

　　答案：1～5　GDBEA

　　课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练(练规范)

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　.语法填空

　　(2016·江西九校第二次联考)Would you like to explore (勘探) the oceans? Do you want to find __1__ life than we imagine there? For Jacques Cousteau, the answer was “yes”. His career was a lifelong dream, and he is __2__ (probable) the most famous ocean scientist in recent times.

　　Cousteau was born in France in 1910. Even __3__ a child, he loved water. Cousteau was bright, __4__ he got bored with school and began to cause trouble. His parents sent him to a strict boarding school. There, Cousteau finally __5__ (challenge). He studied hard and did well in all his courses. In 1933, he served as a general officer in the French Navy. He also began to explore the life under the water. He worked __6__ a breathing machine to stay under water longer. It was finished in 1943.

　　In 1948, Cousteau became a captain, and he had new duties. Even so, he continued to explore the oceans. Two years later, he became the president of the French Oceanographic Campaigns. He also bought a ship __7__ (help) with his dives. But he __8__ (need) a way to get money for his trips. To do that, he produced many films and published a number of books. His films include The Silent World (1956) and World Without Sun (1996). One of his books is The Living Sea (1963)．

　　In 1974, he founded the Cousteau Society, __9__ function was to further oceanic research and encourage people to help protect the oceans and the life within them.

　　Cousteau won many honors for his work, __10__ (include) the Presidential Medal of Freedom and membership in the French Academy in 1989.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇人物介绍。主要介绍了法国著名的海洋科学家Cousteau的相关情况。

　　1．more　more ... than ...“比起……更……”。

　　2．probably　他可能是近代最著名的海洋科学家。此处应用副词作状语。

　　3．as　甚至当他还是个孩子的时候，他就爱上了水。as表示“在某一年龄段时”。

　　4．but　根据语境可知，前后句是转折关系，应用but。

　　5．was challenged　在那里，他最终受到了激励。由全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时；Cousteau是被激励，故应用被动语态。

　　6．on　work on sth.“努力改善(或完成)某事”。

　　7．to help　他还买了一艘船来帮助他潜水。此处应用动词不定式表示目的。

　　8．needed　为了航行，他需要一种赚钱的途径。由前面的“bought”可知，应用一般过去时。

　　9．whose　whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰“function”。

　　10．including　Cousteau赢得了很多荣誉，包括(including)总统自由勋章和1989年获得的法国学术会员身份。

　　Ⅱ.短文改错

　　(2016·山东省日照市校际联合检测)I used to feel I was the sun in my family. But while my cousin was born, everyone pays more attention to her. So I disliked her and couldn't get along well with her. As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time. I tried to find a proper time to apologize. When my cousin's family came to my home a few day ago, I took my cousin to play outside. In the way to the playground, I had bought many snacks for her. Then we began chat. When we talked about their childhood, suddenly, I said “sorry” gently. She was silently, so I thought that she hadn't

　　heard me clearly. But after while she said: “Don't say that. In my memory, you are always friendly.”

　　答案：第二句：while→when; pays→paid

　　第四句：what→how

　　第六句：day→days

　　第七句：In→On; 去掉had

　　第八句：chat→to chat 或 chatting

　　第九句：their→our

　　第十句：silently→silent

　　第十一句：while 前加 a

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·郑州第三次质量预测)假设国外某培训中心将于7月1日至7日举办丰富多彩的夏令营活动，主要有感受饮食文化、参观世界名校、体验国外课堂、学习家庭园艺、游览名胜古迹等。假定你是李华，打算参加其中一项活动，请用英语给该培训中心写一封申请信。内容需包括：

　　1．你对这些活动的看法；

　　2．你打算参加的一项活动；

　　3．你想参加该活动的理由；

　　4．你希望从该活动中得到的收获。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Sir or Madam，

　　I'm glad to know you're going to hold a summer camp from July 1st to 7th during the vacation. __________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　I'm looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua

　　参考范文：

　　Dear Sir or Madam，

　　I'm glad to know you're going to hold a summer camp from July 1st to 7th during the vacation.I have a great interest in it. There're so many wonderful activities, such as experiencing cooking culture, visiting world­famous universities, attending foreign classes, learning family gardening, visiting places of interest and so on, which I think are all very useful to us high school students.

　　After my careful consideration, I've decided to apply to learn family gardening. I want to learn how to grow flowers and plants well. We have a garden, where my parents grow various vegetables, flowers and plants. With the knowledge I learn, I hope I can help them with some work in the garden and manage it better.

　　Thanks for reading my application. I hope I'll have a chance to take part in the activity.

　　I'm looking forward to your early reply.

　　Yours sincerely，

　　Li Hua