2017届高考英语一轮复习必备单词素材：Unit 9 Wheels（北师大版）

　　Unit 9　Wheels

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.therefore adv.所以，因此

　　2.schedule n.

　　时间表；进度表

　　3.content n.

　　目录；容纳的东西

　　adj.

　　满意的

　　4.figure n.

　　数字，数目

　　5.amount n.

　　数量

　　6.damage vt.& n.

　　损害，损失

　　7.vocabulary n.

　　词汇；词汇量

　　8.convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n．方便，便利

　　9.consequence n．后果，结果→consequent adj.因……而引起的→consequently adv.因此；结果

　　10.argue vi.争辩，争吵→argument n．理由；依据；争论，争辩

　　11.sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的→sense n．感觉

　　12.responsibility n．负责，责任，职责→responsible adj.负责的→response n．反应

　　13.impression n．印象，感觉→impress vt.给某人深刻印象，使铭记→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的；感人的

　　14.reliable adj.可靠的→rely vi.依靠，依赖

　　15.appreciate vt.欣赏；感谢→appreciation n．感激，评价

　　16.construction n．建筑；建筑物→construct vt.建造，建筑

　　17.admit vt.承认，供认→admission n．承认

　　18.addicted adj.沉溺于……的→addict vi.& n．使沉溺，使上瘾；瘾君子→addiction n．瘾，沉溺，癖好→addictive adj.上瘾的

　　19.occupy vt.占用；担任→occupation n．职业

　　20.suit vt.适合→suitable adj.适合的

　　21.frequent adj.时常发生的→frequently adv.频繁地

　　22.hopeful adj.(人)抱有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地→hope vt.希望

　　23.benefit vi.& n．得益；好处→beneficial adj.有好处的

　　24.actually adv.实际地，真实地→actual adj.实际的 用所给词的适当形式填空1.“Is there any food left over？” he asked hopefully (hopeful)．

　　2.We talked until the early hours, and consequently (consequence) we overslept.

　　3.He looked as if he were going to impress (impression) everything in the room into his mind.

　　4.Stop feeling embarrassed because you are a sensitive (sense) person and your emotions are close to the surface.

　　5.They are not my children, but I still feel responsible (responsibility) for them.

　　6.Buses run frequently (frequent) between the city and the airport.

　　7.It took them two years to construct the bridge and the construction was excellent.(construct)

　　8.The man has been addicted to smoking for many years, but he is now fighting his addiction to smoking.(addict)

　　9.He has a decent occupation and occupies an important position in the company.(occupy)

　　10.In my opinion, he is reliable and you can rely on him.(reliable)

　　11.My house is in a convenient place — near the station; please come to me at your earliest convenience.(convenient)

　　12.Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch？Last night, my parents and I had a huge argument,_and I was really upset about it.(argue) 1.“职业”近义名词归纳

　　①occupation　职业

　　②vocation

　　职业

　　③career

　　职业，生涯

　　④cause

　　事业

　　⑤employment

　　职业，工作

　　2.由vocabulary想到的

　　①word n．单词

　　②phrase n.

　　短语

　　③sentence n.

　　句子

　　④idiom n.

　　习语

　　⑤proverb n.

　　谚语

　　⑥passage n.

　　一节

　　⑦paragraph n.

　　段落

　　⑧article n.

　　文章

　　3.­ure结尾名词荟萃

　　①figure

　　数字

　　②nature

　　自然界

　　③lecture

　　讲座

　　④adventure

　　冒险

　　⑤culture

　　文化

　　⑥mixture

　　混合物

　　⑦failure

　　失败

　　⑧agriculture

　　农业

　　4.后缀­sion名词集锦

　　①invasion侵略

　　②collision

　　碰撞；冲突

　　③comprehension

　　理解

　　④conclusion

　　结论；结局

　　⑤impression

　　印象，感觉

　　⑥permission

　　允许；许可

　　⑦possession

　　拥有；财产

　　⑧explosion

　　爆炸

　　5.后缀­able形容词大全

　　①advisable

　　明智的

　　②reliable

　　可信赖的

　　③considerable

　　相当多的

　　④affordable

　　负担得起的

　　⑤suitable

　　适当的

　　⑥reasonable

　　合理的

　　⑦drinkable

　　可饮用的

　　⑧portable

　　手提的

　　[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]

　　1.fed_up不愉快的，厌烦的

　　2.work_out

　　做运动，锻炼身体

　　3.rely_on

　　依赖，依靠

　　4.pull_up

　　(车辆)停止，停车

　　5.pull_out

　　(火车)驶离车站，出站

　　6.so_far

　　迄今为止

　　7.take_place

　　发生；举行

　　8.go_up

　　上升

　　9.on_average

　　通常；平均

　　10.get/be_stuck_in

　　困在……，陷入……

　　11.be_addicted_to

　　沉溺于

　　12.be_related_to

　　与……有关

　　13.thanks_to

　　由于，因为

　　14.take_part_in

　　参加

　　15.take_action

　　采取行动 选用左栏短语填空1.The success of this project relies_on everyone making an effort.

　　2.So far the prices of many goods have been going_up so that many families live a hard life.

　　3.Mary told me straight out that she was fed_up and wanted to leave.

　　4.Working_out for an hour every day is good for your health.

　　5.It's been a good game so_far but it would be nice to see a few more goals.

　　6.Thanks_to his effort, it is more successful than we have expected.

　　7.Great changes have taken_place in my hometown over the last ten years. 1.“因为；由于”短语全扫描

　　①thanks to　因为，由于

　　②as a result of

　　因为

　　③on account of

　　由于

　　④as a consequence of

　　由于

　　⑤in consequence of

　　由于

　　⑥due to

　　由于

　　⑦owing to

　　由于，因为

　　⑧because of

　　因为

　　2.“be＋v.­ed＋prep.”短语荟萃

　　be admitted to接纳，录取

　　be accustomed to

　　习惯于

　　be devoted to

　　致力于

　　be related to

　　与……有关

　　be concerned about

　　担忧，担心

　　be opposed to

　　反对，对抗

　　[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]

　　1.Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use. 无论人们在哪里骑完一段路程，他们就把那辆自行车放到那里，以便别人能够使用。 wherever在句中引导地点状语从句。 Wherever_we_go,_we have to accommodate ourselves to new circumstances.

　　2.How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry？

　　有多少次我们是在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校的？ 过去分词或形容词(短语)作状语。 我父亲下班回到家，又累又饿。My father went home from work, tired_and_hungry

　　3.In conclusion, on the one hand Ludford is an attractive town with good shops and many places of interest. On the other hand, the local governments need to do something to control the traffic which passes through the town.

　　总之，一方面，路孚德是一个有着优良商店和众多名胜的迷人小镇。另一方面，当地政府有必要采取措施来控制途经镇区的车辆。 on (the) one hand ... on the other (hand)．..“一方面……另一方面……”。

　　一方面我羡慕他的才华， 而另一方面我却怀疑他的判断On_the_one_hand I admire his gifts, but on_the_other_

　　hand I distrust his judgment.力。

　　4.But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the motor car.

　　但是比起汽车的实际代价，恼怒和紧张还是微不足道的。 compared to ... 在句中作状语，意为“与……相比”。 跟你比起来，我还差得很远呢。Compared_to_you,_I still have a long way to go.

　　5.Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.

　　1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。 It was ... who/that ... 为强调句型。 他是通过努力工作才成功的。It_was_through_hard_work_that he succeeded.

　　1．benefit v．&n.得益，好处；有益于

　　[教材原句]　People have been enjoying the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years.

　　多年来阿姆斯特丹的人们一直享受着骑脚踏车的好处。

　　(1)benefit sb.　使某人受益

　　benefit from/by

　　从……中受益

　　(2)be of (great) benefit (to ...)

　　(对)……(大)有裨益

　　for the benefit of

　　为了……的利益

　　get benefit from ...

　　从……中受益

　　(3)beneficial adj.

　　有益的；受益的

　　be beneficial to sb.

　　对某人有益

　　Many of the things we now benefit from/by would not be around but for Thomas Edison.(2015·江苏高考单选 )

　　要不是因为托马斯·爱迪生，很多现在让我们受益的东西都不会出现。

　　China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for_the_benefit_of all its citizens.

　　为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。

　　From my point of view, our library should buy some popular science books and literary books because they are beneficial (benefit) to us.(2017·浙江高考满分作文)

　　从我的观点看来，我们的图书馆应当买一些科普类和文学类图书，因为它们对我们有益。

　　2．convenient adj.方便的，便利的

　　[教材原句]　It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and therefore is convenient for bikes.

　　因为该市的平坦道路很适合骑自行车，所以骑自行车很方便。

　　(1)It is convenient for sb.to do sth.

　　　做某事对某人来说方便

　　(2)convenience n.

　　[U]便利，方便；[C]方便好用的东西

　　for convenience

　　为了方便起见

　　for one's convenience

　　为了某人方便

　　at one's convenience

　　在某人方便的时候，在合适的时候

　　Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or whenever it_is_convenient_to/for_you.

　　请打电话给我的秘书安排今天下午的会议，或者在任何你方便的时候。

　　I bought this apartment for convenience because it is very convenient for me to_take (take) buses and it has a lot of conveniences (convenient)．

　　我买这栋公寓是因为方便，因为我乘坐公交车很方便，而且它也有很多便利设施。

　　I would be very grateful if you could inform me of your decisions at_your_ earliest

　　_convenience.

　　如能尽早告知你的决定，我将不胜感激。

　　[名师指津]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。如“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for/to you，而不是when you are convenient。

　　3．argue vi.争辩，争吵vt.坚决主张，提出理由证明；说服，劝说

　　[经典例句]　I don't want to argue with you — just do it！(牛津P88)

　　我不想和你争辩——请干吧！

　　(1)argue with sb. about/over sth.

　　　就某事与某人争论

　　argue that ...

　　主张，认为……

　　argue for/against ...

　　为赞成/反对……而辩论

　　argue sb.into doing sth.

　　说服某人做某事

　　argue sb.out of doing sth.

　　说服某人不做某事

　　(2)argument n.

　　争论，辩论；论据，论点，

　　理由

　　have an argument

　　beyond argument 无需争论

　　Some argued_that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic.(2015·江苏高考书面表达)

　　一些人认为应该多注意我们拥堵的道路交通。

　　The children are arguing with their parents about/over where to spend their holiday.

　　孩子们正在与父母争论去哪里度假。

　　We tried many ways to argue_him_into_accepting our advice, but in vain.

　　我们尝试了很多办法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒然。

　　[写作联想]　例句③其他表达方式

　　We tried many ways to persuade him into accepting our advice, but in vain.

　　②We tried many ways to persuade him to accept our advice, but in vain.

　　③We tried many ways to talk him into accepting our advice, but in vain.

　　4．appreciate vt.欣赏，鉴赏；感激；理解，体会；感谢

　　[高考佳句]　But there is something unclear for me, so I would appreciate it if you could give me more information.(2017·全国卷满分作文)

　　但是我有一些不清楚的事情，所以如果你能给我更多的信息，我会很感激的。

　　(1)appreciate sth.欣赏某物；感谢某事

　　appreciate (sb./sb.'s) doing sth.

　　感谢(某人)做某事

　　I would appreciate it if ...

　　如果……我将不胜感激

　　(2)appreciation n.

　　欣赏；感激

　　①I'd_appreciate_it_if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.(2017·陕西高考单选)

　　如果你能让我提前知道你是否会来，我将不胜感激。

　　We really appreciate your coming (come) to attend our wedding ceremony.

　　你能来参加我们的婚礼我们真的很感激。

　　On the night of the Mid­autumn Day, people gather together eating moon cakes and appreciating (appreciate) the full moon.(2017·辽宁高考书面表达)

　　在中秋节晚上，人们聚在一起吃月饼、赏满月。

　　[名师指津]　appreciate表示“感激”时，后面要跟动词­ing形式作宾语，而且后面的宾语一般是事情或it，不跟sb.。appreciate sb.意为“重视，赏识某人”，如果表示“感激某人”用thank sb.。

　　5．amount n．数量，数目；总额

　　[高考佳句]　Although the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.(2015·湖南高考单选)

　　尽管这项工作要花很长时间，但大多数学生认为这个经历很值得。

　　(1)a large/small amount of大/少量的

　　large/small amounts of

　　大/少量的

　　in large amounts

　　大量地

　　(2)amount vi.

　　合计，共计

　　amount to

　　合计；共计；等同于

　　It's best to buy vegetables in_large_amounts because they are cheaper now.

　　因为现在比较便宜，所以最好大量购买蔬菜。

　　An amount of milk has_been_bought (buy) for the children so far.

　　到目前为止已为孩子们买了大量的牛奶。

　　Consumers spending on sports­related items amounted_to￡9.75 billion.

　　消费者在体育相关产品上的花费共计97.5亿英镑。

　　[名师指津]　an amount (of), amounts (of)作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词的数常根据amount的单复数而定。

　　6．figure n．[C]体形；数字；数目；人物；画像；塑像；人影vt.&vi.考虑；估计；计算；认为

　　[经典例句]　From the way he behaved, I figured that he was drunk.(朗文P920)

　　从他的行为来看，我认为他醉了。

　　figure out　计算出；理解，明白

　　figure on/upon

　　指望；计划

　　keep one's figure

　　保持体形/身材

　　①We can't figure out why so many people were taken in by such a simple trick.

　　我们不明白为什么有这么多人上了这种小伎俩的当。

　　②If you want to keep_your_figure,_please follow me and keep taking exercise every day.

　　如果你想保持身材，请跟随我每天坚持锻炼吧。

　　7．addicted adj.沉溺于……的；上瘾的

　　[教材原句]　I admit: I'm addicted to my car.

　　我承认：我沉迷于汽车难以自拔。

　　(1)be/become/get addicted to

　　　 　对……上瘾，沉溺于……(to是介词)

　　(2)addict vt.& n.

　　使沉溺，沉溺于；瘾君子

　　addict oneself to

　　沉溺于……

　　(3)addictive adj.

　　使人上瘾的，使……入迷的

　　As far as I'm concerned, it is not wise for us to be addicted to playing (play) with smart phones.(2017·重庆高考满分作文)

　　就我而言，对我们来说沉溺于玩智能手机是不明智的。

　　He was addicting himself_to_playing_the_violin and didn't find someone walk into his house.

　　他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到有人进屋。

　　8．admit vt.承认，供认；准许……入内；准许……加入；可容纳

　　[高考佳句]　I don't really like the author, although I have to admit his books are very exciting.(2017·山东高考单选)

　　尽管我不得不承认他的书很精彩，但是我确实不喜欢这位作者。

　　(1)admit to/(to) doing sth.承认(做)某事

　　admit that ...

　　承认……

　　admit ...to be ...

　　承认……是……

　　admit sb./sth.into/to

　　允许某人/某物进入

　　(2)be admitted as

　　作为……被接受

　　be admitted to/into

　　加入；进入；被……录取

　　①Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting (admit) he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.(2017·浙江高考单选)

　　乔即骄傲又固执，从不承认他错了，而且总是找别人来承担责任。

　　②I still remember three years ago when I was_admitted_into this school.(2017·湖北高考满分作文)

　　我仍然记得3年前我被这所学校录取的情景。

　　③She can always put other people right, but will never admit making/having_made (make) a mistake herself.

　　她总是能够纠正别人的错误，但从不承认自己犯的错误。

　　9．occupy vt.居住；占用，使用；占领；使忙碌，使从事

　　[教材原句]　On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirty­three cars.

　　平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占用33辆小轿车。

　　(1)occupy sb./oneself with sth./in doing sth.

　　使某人忙于某事

　　sb.be occupied with sth./in doing sth.

　　某人忙于某事

　　(2)occupation n.

　　占领；职业

　　You can imagine how fully occupied (occupy) I became, raising four boys under the age of 8!

　　因为抚养四个八岁以下的男孩，你可以想象我是多么忙碌！

　　He is an important figure in a company, occupied with/occupying himself with all kinds of activities, and his occupation brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy)

　　他是一家公司的重要人物，忙于各种活动，他的工作让他名利双收。

　　[联想发散]　表示“忙于(做)某事”的短语还有：

　　be engaged in sth.　be employed in doing sth.

　　③be busy with sth./doing sth.

　　10．suit vt.适合vi.相称n.一套衣服

　　[教材原句]　Do whichever of these things that suit you.

　　做任何适合你的事。

　　(1)suit ...to ...使……适合于……

　　suit yourself

　　随自己的意愿

　　suit sb.fine

　　很适合某人

　　(2)suitable adj.

　　合适的，适合的

　　be suitable for sb./sth.

　　适合于某人/某物

　　be suitable to do sth.

　　适合做某事

　　He can suit his conversation to whoever he's with.

　　无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。

　　This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is_more_suitable_for the long­stay student.

　　这种宿舍提供独立的生活方式，更适合长期住校生。

　　.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)

　　1．It's very convenient for you to go to school by bus.

　　2．We admit the best and brightest international students into/to our top universities.

　　3．Smuggling (走私) may cause great damage to our country's economy.

　　4．He seems to be quite content with his life at present.

　　5．Chocolate is very sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity (湿度)．

　　6．It didn't take the children along time to figure out the correct answer.

　　7．Addicted (addict)to computer games, he had no time to study.

　　8．I really appreciate having (have) time to relax with you on this nice island.

　　9．If you want to go by bus, that suits_me_fine (很适合我)．

　　10．They will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a_large_amount_of/large_amounts_of_debt (大量债务)．

　　.重难点多练

　　1．benefit多棱镜

　　介词填空

　　①It will be of great benefit to those wishing to learn Chinese.

　　②I feel that I have benefited greatly from her wisdom.

　　③Sunshine and rain are beneficial to the crops in the field.

　　④I want you to live and learn for the benefit of mankind.

　　2．argue个个清

　　根据汉语提示完成片段

　　The workers, who ①argued_for (为……而争论) their own rights, ②argued_with (同……争论) the boss for a few days, but failed to ③argue_him_into (说服他) giving them a rise in wages. The boss ④argued_against (反对) it and insisted that it was ⑤beyond_argument (无需争论) that their pay had already been OK.

　　3．occupy点点练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The writer was occupied in translating an English novel.

　　②The train got more crowded and soon all of the seats were_occupied (occupy).

　　③He wanted to look for an occupation (occupy) suited to his abilities.

　　④I occupied myself in writing and I couldn't spare any time to play with you.

　　⑤Helen was fully occupied with business matters yesterday.

　　(2)完成句子

　　⑥The workers are_occupied_in/occupying_themselves_in_building_new_houses so they can't give you a hand now.

　　工人们正忙于建造新房子，所以他们现在不能给你帮忙。

　　(3)句式升级

　　⑦用现在分词短语作状语改写练习⑥

　　Occupying_themselves_in_building_new_houses,_the workers can't give you a hand now.

　　⑧用过去分词短语作状语改写练习⑥

　　Occupied_in_building_new_houses,_the workers can't give you a hand now.

　　Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练

　　1．根据语境选出content的词性和词义

　　You will have to content yourself with what you have.

　　__D__

　　②There is a table of contents in front of a dictionary.

　　__B__

　　③She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its contents.

　　__A__

　　④She is quite content to live at home with her parents.

　　__C__

　　2．根据语境选出figure的词性和词义

　　Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.

　　__A__

　　②Mahatma Gandhi was both a political and a religious figure in Indian history. __D__

　　③He has a more angular (骨瘦如柴的) figure than his father.__C__

　　④The mass of clay was worked up into a figure.

　　__E__

　　⑤Those figures indicate why the Black live in such deep poverty.

　　__B__

　　⑥Figure the total and I'll pay it with a check.

　　__G__

　　⑦I figured that you'd want to turn to me for help.

　　__F__

　　1．work out锻炼身体，做运动；解决，解答；计算出；产生结果，发展；制订出

　　[经典例句]　He works out with weights twice a week.(朗文P2658)

　　他每星期练两次举重。

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中work out的含义

　　①If you spend time working out every day, you'll have a healthy body.锻炼身体，做运动

　　②To work out the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.(2017·陕西高考单选)解决，解答

　　③The area can be easily worked out if you know the length and the width.计算出

　　④It wasn't too long before we had worked out a plan acceptable to all.制订出

　　⑤We have to depend on our original plan if this one doesn't work out.产生结果

　　work on从事……，继续……

　　work at

　　从事/致力于……

　　out of work

　　失业

　　at work

　　在工作；在干活

　　⑥He has been working on a new novel for over a year now.

　　一年多来，他一直在写一部新小说。

　　⑦The law to be carried out next month will benefit those who are_out_of_work.

　　将于下个月颁布的法律会使失业者受益。

　　[名师指津]　work out作“解决；制订出”讲时，是及物动词短语，可以带宾语；作“锻炼；产生结果”时，为不及物动词短语，没有被动形式。

　　2．rely on依赖，依靠；指望

　　[高考佳句]　Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children, which makes the children rely on their parents badly.(2017·福建高考书面表达)

　　当今父母为他们的独生子女做了所有的事情，这使得这些独生子女非常依赖父母。

　　rely on/upon sb./sth.　依靠某人/某物

　　rely on/upon sb.to do/doing sth.

　　依靠/指望某人做某事

　　rely on/upon sb.for sth.

　　因某事依赖某人

　　rely on/upon it that ...

　　相信……；指望……

　　①You can't just rely on your parents lending/to_lend (lend) you the money.

　　你不能只指望父母借钱给你。

　　②You may rely_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.

　　你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。

　　3．pull up (车辆)停止，停车；拔出；提高，改进；责怪

　　[教材原句]　She pulled up suddenly at the traffic lights.

　　她突然把车停在交通灯附近。

　　[一词多义]　写出下列句中pull up的含义

　　①If you study hard, you'll soon pull up your French.提高，改进

　　②Don't pull him up about this; it's not really his fault.责怪

　　③He told the children not to pull up the young plants.拔出

　　④He didn't pull his car up at the red light and that's why the accident happened.(车辆)停止，停车

　　4．How often do we arrive at work or school stressed_out,_tired_and_angry?

　　有多少次我们是在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校的？

　　(1)此处stressed out, tired and angry是过去分词或形容词短语作状语，表示伴随情况。

　　①He went to bed, cold_and_hungry.(表伴随状况)

　　他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。

　　(2)在描绘性文字中，形容词(短语)或形容词化分词有时起状语作用，说明主句所述的原因、时间或主语所处境况或意义增补。

　　②Ripe (＝When they are ripe), the oranges taste sweet.

　　这些橘子成熟时，味道甜美。(表时间)

　　③After the long journey, the three of them went back home, tired_and_hungry.(表主语所处境况)

　　长途旅行后，他们三个人回家了，又累又饿。

　　(3)形容词作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常构成系表结构。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。

　　④He was robbed last night, but fortunately (fortunate) he didn't have much money on him then.

　　他昨晚被抢劫了，但幸运的是，那时他身上没有多少钱。

　　5．Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it_was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.

　　1908年福特汽车问世之前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。

　　(1)此句使用了强调句式。强调句式的构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who ...。当被强调的部分指人时，句子的连词可用that/who，否则就用that。

　　①It is I who/that am invited to attend the opening ceremony of the meeting tomorrow.

　　是我被邀请出席明天会议的开幕式。

　　(2)当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。

　　②It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits (benefit) our work most.

　　能给我们的工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少，而是我们对于自己所做的事情付出了多少爱。

　　(3)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who ...?

　　③Was_it because Jack came late for school that Mr.Smith got angry？(2017·四川高考单选)

　　史密斯先生很生气是因为杰克上学迟到吗？

　　(4)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who ...?

　　④What_was_it_that made his parents so happy?

　　到底是什么事使他父母这么高兴？

　　(5)对“not ...until ...”进行强调时，应使用句型“It is/was not until ...that ...”。若not until ... 置于句首时，句子要倒装。

　　⑤It_was_not_until nearly a month later that I received the manager's reply.

　　直到一个月后，我才收到了经理的答复。

　　[名师指津]　(1)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词强调时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。

　　⑥I do_get up very early every morning.

　　我每天早上确实起得很早。

　　(2)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，句子完整，则为强调句。

　　Ⅰ.基础点全练

　　1．单句语法填空

　　①Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.

　　②Thanks to your tireless efforts, the concert was a huge success.

　　③My mother works out every morning to keep fit.

　　④I asked him to pull up in front of my apartment.

　　⑤How long do you spend online on average each time?

　　⑥Tom is popular with his colleagues, which helps him pull through the poverty of his family.

　　⑦Nowadays we rely on computers to_organize/organizing (organize) our work.

　　⑧Compared (compare) to the West, people in the East place much importance on family.

　　2．运用所学短语完成片段

　　So far many people have ①been_addicted_to (沉溺于) online shopping. ②On_average (通常), 60 percent of my workmates ③are_occupied_in/occupy_themselves_in (忙于) surfing online stores during most of their spare time. It's ④beyond_argument (无需争论) that online shopping ⑤is_of_great_benefit_to (对……大有裨益) our life. But if you ⑥rely_on (依靠) it too much, it'll have negative effects on you. Let's ⑦take_action (采取行动) now and ⑧work_out_a_plan (制订一个计划) to limit our online shopping time.

　　Ⅱ.重难点多练

　　1．形容词作状语多角度

　　(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

　　①Amazed (amaze), she stood and stared while the police arrested her husband.

　　②Helpless (help), we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.

　　(2)用形容词作状语改写句子

　　③One woman was lying in bed, and she was awake.

　　→One woman was lying in bed, awake.

　　④Whether it was wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.

　　→Wet_or_fine,_he got up at six and took a walk in the park.

　　⑤Tony stood up and accepted the prize and he was surprised and happy.

　　→Surprised_and_happy,_Tony stood up and accepted the prize.

　　2．强调句型面面观

　　(1)用强调句型完成句子

　　①Was_it_you_that I saw at the concert last night?

　　我昨天晚上在音乐会上看到的是你吗？

　　②Why_was_it_that the football match must be put off?

　　为什么足球赛必须被推迟？

　　③It_was_on_Monday_night_that all this happened.

　　所有这一切发生在周一晚上。

　　(2)句型转换

　　④He didn't meet the girl he would like to marry until he came back from Africa that year.

　　④－1 Not until he came back from Africa that year did he meet the girl he would like to marry.(倒装句)

　　④－2 It was not until he came back from Africa that year that he met the girl he would like to marry.(强调句型)

　　⑤He made a mistake at work.As a consequence, he lost his position.(强调谓语)

　　→He did make a mistake at work. As a consequence, he lost his position.

　　课时练(一)　一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟)

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．As you know, reading is one of the best ways to build vocabulary (词汇)．

　　2．The new kind of server is designed to store huge amounts (数量) of data.

　　3．I wondered whether he had already known the content (内容) of my email.

　　4．The task will be finished ahead of schedule (进度表) if nothing prevents.

　　5．New government figures (数字) predict that one in two marriages will end in divorce.

　　6．The police acknowledged that three police vehicles were damaged (损坏)．

　　7．I have to admit (承认) I know very little about her marriage life.

　　8．It suits (适合) you to have your hair cut short.

　　9．Stop arguing (争论) about questions of procedure and let's get down to business.

　　10．A man has been arrested (逮捕) in connection with the robbery.

　　11．You can't appreciate (欣赏) English poetry unless you understand its rhythm.

　　12．Take exercise regularly and you will benefit (受益) a lot from it.

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1．In the end the choice was narrowed down to three people who might be suitable for the job.

　　2．Don't keep the boy occupied (occupy) with homework all day.　

　　3．She has been addicting herself to drinking (drink) since she broke up with her boyfriend.

　　4．I have to see the doctor because I have_been_coughing (cough) a lot lately.

　　5．When the policeman stopped us, we all looked questioningly at him, puzzled (puzzle)．

　　6．He pulled out a mobile phone and made a call.

　　7．Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from/by it.

　　8．They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to much.

　　9．He was injured in the accident and was admitted to the hospital.

　　10．It is beyond argument that Diaoyu Islands belong to China.

　　11．Fed (feed) up with his lies, she won't believe in him any longer.

　　12．What was it that prevented him from coming in time?

　　13．We have provided seats for the convenience of our customers.

　　14．If we have food and clothing, we will be content with that.

　　15．I don't appreciate being_treated (treat) like a second­class citizen.

　　Ⅲ.单句改错

　　1．Every year large amounts of water has been wasted in our daily life.has→have

　　2．At average, people who don't smoke are healthier than people who do.At→On

　　3．He was careless, and as consequence he failed the test.as后加a

　　4．Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair had been phoning all day. Could you speak to her now？had→has

　　5．Is it convenient of you to come out this evening? of→for

　　6．It was 8：00 that he telephoned me and told me the news.that→when

　　7．You may rely on that he'll pay back all your money.on后加it

　　8．By the time he realizes he walked into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.walked前加has

　　9．Exhausting, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.Exhausting→Exhausted

　　10．Cycling is highly beneficial for health and the environment.for→to

　　Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空

　　In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up ①with an idea that it would be better for everybody if cars were not allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. It could contribute to ②saving (save) energy and protecting environment. Then people were free ③to_use (use) the bicycles painted by the group for short journeys. ④However,_all the bicycles were stolen by thieves, ⑤which annoyed the cycling fans. ⑥Over three decades later, the “white bike” has returned, with each one ⑦fixed (fix) with a computer chip, by which the bike's every move is recorded. In addition, the bicycles have special parking places. Nowadays, with locals and tourists ⑧using (use) the white bikes, there is already ⑨less (little) traffic in central Amsterdam. Therefore, this city, where people have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for many years, is called “City of Bicycles” because of the ⑩convenience (convenient) for bicycles there.

　　Ⅴ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练

　　(一)依据提示补全短文

　　At present the number of people who surf the Internet is_going_up (正在上升) year by year. Most people agree unwillingly that most contents of the Internet are_very_beneficial/of_great_benefit_to_us (对我们非常有益). ①In my opinion, although the Internet brings us great convenience, there are large amounts of unreliable information on the Internet. Some people depend on the Internet too much and many young people are_addicted_to (沉溺于) it. As a result, surfing the Internet occupies much of their valuable time. Besides (However/But/Besides), great damage has been caused to their health. ②Last week we held a meeting to argue about the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet. At last we worked_out_a_plan (制订出一个计划) to control the time we spend surfing the Internet.

　　(二)按要求将词汇句式升级

　　1．用本单元高级词汇替换加部分

　　(1)agree unwillingly→admit

　　(2)depend on→rely_on

　　(3)As a result→In_consequence/As_a_consequence

　　2．按要求进行句式改写

　　(1)用“on (the) one hand ..., on the other (hand) ...” 结构改写句①

　　In my opinion, on_(the)_one_hand,_the Internet brings us great convenience. On_the_other_(hand),_there are large amounts of unreliable information on the Internet.

　　(2)用强调句型强调句②中的last week

　　It_was_last_week_that_we_held_a_meeting_to_argue_about_the_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_the_Internet.

　　二、完形填空提练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)

　　(2016·太原市第二学段测评)Eyes are a kind of language we use to express ourselves. Through one's eyes, we can __1__ sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other __2__. Eyes are always one of the fastest and most direct organs to __3__ our thoughts.

　　I still remember an __4__ experience, which happened when I took part in a singing contest at the age of nine. It was the __5__ of my mother's eyes that encouraged me to go for it. I had showed great __6__ in singing before that. But I was too shy to sing in __7__. So one day my mother took me to __8__ up for the singing contest. With my mother's __9__ and encouragement, I was determined to meet that __10__. Standing on the stage, I suddenly found I became the __11__ of all the eyes. I got so nervous that I couldn't even __12__ my eyes open. When it was my turn to be introduced to the audience and sing, I became even more __13__. I felt my legs were shaking and my memory seemed __14__， as I couldn't remember anything. Searching for help, I __15__ my mother's eyes which were sparkling with encouragement and strong power. It seemed that they were __16__ to me, “Come on, Baby! Take it easy. I'll __17__ be with you！” I read the message through her eyes and at that moment I __18__ my confidence and began to sing my song. When I came down from the stage, she came up to me and gave me a __19__ hug, saying, “Great! I'm proud of you！” At that time, I found her eyes filled with tears of __20__. Sometimes, you see, just the encouraging eyes themselves can make a shy person brave.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。眼睛是人们表达情感的器官之一。透过眼神，人们可以读懂其中的喜怒哀乐。

　　1．A.feel B．read

　　C．find

　　D．cause

　　解析：选B　句意：透过眼神，我们可以读懂(read)其蕴含的悲伤、愉悦或鼓励等多种情绪。故B项正确。

　　2．A.emotions

　　B．passions

　　C．expressions

　　D．impressions

　　解析：选A　emotion“情绪，情感”。根据本句中的“sorrow, happiness or encouragement and many other”可推知，这里是指像悲伤、愉悦等其他情感。故A项正确。

　　3．A.rewrite

　　B．rebuild

　　C．reveal

　　D．repeat

　　解析：选C　reveal“揭示，表露”。句意：眼睛总是最快、最直接表露我们思想情感的人体器官之一。故C项正确。

　　4．A.unbelievable

　　B．unfair

　　C．unable

　　D．unforgettable

　　解析：选D　unforgettable“难以忘怀的”。根据下文可知，9岁时，作者在妈妈的鼓励下，参加了歌唱比赛。这段经历令作者难以忘怀。故D项正确。

　　5．A.right

　　B．power

　　C．sense

　　D．sight

　　解析：选B　power“功能，力量”。句意：就是母亲眼神所传递的力量鼓舞了我参加歌唱比赛。由15空后的“strong power”也可得到提示。故B项正确。

　　6．A.interest

　　B．pride

　　C．surprise

　　D．delight

　　解析：选A　interest“兴趣”。根据语境可知，9岁时作者就参加了歌唱比赛，这说明至此以前她擅长唱歌，对唱歌很感兴趣。show interest in ...“对……表现出兴趣”，故A项正确。

　　7．A.audience

　　B．school

　　C．public

　　D．hall

　　解析：选C　public“公开场合”。由“But”可知，虽然作者对唱歌很感兴趣，但太害羞而不敢在公开场合唱歌。in public“在公开场合下”。故C项正确。

　　8．A.sing

　　B．jog

　　C．join

　　D．sign

　　解析：选D　sign up for“报名参加……”，符合语境。故D项正确。

　　9．A.cooperation

　　B．company

　　C．comprehension

　　D．conduct

　　解析：选B　cooperation“合作”；company“陪伴”；comprehension“理解”；conduct“引导，指导”。根据语境可知，在母亲的陪伴和鼓励下，作者参加了歌唱比赛。故B项正确。

　　10．A.challenge

　　B．difficulty

　　C．change

　　D．discussion

　　解析：选A　challenge“挑战”。根据语境可知，在母亲的陪伴和鼓励下作者参加了歌唱比赛。这意味着她要面对挑战，克服害羞，在公众场合唱歌。故A项正确。

　　11．A.distance

　　B．direction

　　C．focus

　　D．front

　　解析：选C　focus“焦点，中心”。根据语境可知，站在舞台上，作者发现观众都看着她(多双眼睛聚焦于她)，慌了神。故C项正确。

　　12．A.have

　　B．make

　　C．let

　　D．keep

　　解析：选D　根据语境可知，作者站在舞台上，观众都看着她，她慌了，不敢睁开眼睛看。keep“使某物一直保持……状态”，这里是指作者“不敢让眼睛一直睁着”。故D项正确。

　　13．A.curious

　　B．nervous

　　C．serious

　　D．anxious

　　解析：选B　nervous“紧张的”。根据上文“so nervous”以及“even more”可知，当被介绍要唱歌时，作者感到更加紧张。故B项正确。

　　14．A.gone

　　B．brought

　　C．missed

　　D．left

　　解析：选A　根据下文“as I couldn't remember anything”可知，作者双腿打颤，头脑一片空白(失去记忆)。故A项正确。

　　15．A.turned

　　B．opened

　　C．met

　　D．raised

　　解析：选C　当作者慌乱无措渴求帮助时，她的眼神与母亲的眼神相遇了。从母亲的眼神中，她获得了鼓励和力量。故C项正确。

　　16．A.telling

　　B．passing

　　C．sending

　　D．speaking

　　解析：选D　根据下文“Come on, Baby ... ”可知，母亲的眼睛好像会说话，让作者加油，别紧张。speak to sb.“对某人说话”，符合语境。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”，tell后接双宾语。故D项正确。

　　17．A.usually

　　B．always

　　C．almost

　　D．even

　　解析：选B　母亲的眼神鼓励作者加油，要她别紧张，母亲会一直陪伴其左右。always的频度大于usually，更能突出母亲对作者的关爱。故B项正确。

　　18．A.regained

　　B．recited

　　C．received

　　D．returned

　　解析：选A　regain“重新获得”。根据语境可知，作者读懂了母亲眼神的意味，因此重新获得了信心和力量，开始唱了起来。故A项正确。

　　19．A.sudden

　　B．blank

　　C．big

　　D．suitable

　　解析：选C　根据语境可知，当作者唱完从舞台上走下来时，母亲给了她一个大大的(big)拥抱，这体现了母亲的高兴和自豪。故C项正确。

　　20．A.encouragement

　　B．sorrow

　　C．regret

　　D．joy

　　解析：选D　joy“高兴”。根据语境可知，作者克服了害羞，成功唱完整首歌。母亲为之高兴、自豪，欣喜的眼泪夺眶而出。故D项正确。

　　课时练(二)　阅读理解提速练(练速度)

　　(限时：35分钟)

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2016·攀枝花市高三第三次统一考试)

　　Shakespeare's Globe Theatre and Exhibition Tour

　　Shakespeare's Globe Exhibition is the world's largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare and the London in which he lived and worked. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London's Bankside, the exhibition explores the extraordinary story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare's world to life using a range of interactive (互动的) displays and live demonstrations (展示)．

　　Highlights

　　●Guided tour of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre in London

　　●Tour the reconstructed Globe Theatre and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare's day

　　●All­day access to the interactive Globe Exhibition

　　●Actors, recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare's world to life

　　Details

　　Including：

　　●Entrance fee and all day access to Exhibition

　　●Guided tour of Shakespeare's Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people)

　　Not including：

　　●Hotel pickup and drop off

　　●Food and drinks, unless specified

　　Schedule and Pricing

　　Click the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated (更新)

　　to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible — we 100% guarantee it.

　　Departure (出发) point

　　Shakespeare's Globe Theatre

　　Departure time

　　Tours depart daily every 15 to 30 minutes

　　April 23 to October 9

　　9：00 am to 5：00 pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12：30 pm and at 11：30 am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days.

　　October 10 to March 31

　　10：00 am to 5：00 pm.

　　Important note: As we are a working theatre, the Exhibition and/or tours may sometimes not be available due to events, rehearsals (排练), and performances. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead.

　　Theatre Tour

　　and Exhibition Shakespeare's Globe Theatre Tour and Exhibition $21.12

　　Theatre Tour and Afternoon Tea Shakespeare's Globe Theatre Tour and Exhibition plus Afternoon Tea at 3：00 pm in the Swan Brasserie or Bar. 59.44

　　1．In this Shakespeare's Globe Theatre Tour, we can ________.

　　A．visit the original Globe Theatre

　　B．enjoy a British afternoon tea for free

　　C．visit the exhibition in the Globe Theatre

　　D．experience Shakespeare's world in an interactive way

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“the exhibition ...displays and live demonstrations (展示)”可知，在莎士比亚环球剧场之旅中，我们可以以一种互动的方式体验莎士比亚的世界。故答案选D。

　　2．This passage can be found ________.

　　A．in a newspaper

　　B．in a magazine

　　C．on the Internet

　　D．in a guidebook

　　解析：选C　文章出处题。根据Schedule and Pricing部分第一句可知，游客可以点击链接，查询游览日期的票价。故本文可能出现在互联网上。故答案选C。

　　3．What will be provided if the Globe tours are not available?

　　A．An alternative.

　　B．Afternoon tea.

　　C．Hotel pickup.

　　D．A Shakespeare's play.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Important note部分第二句可知，如果不能参观环球剧场，游客可以赏玫瑰或欣赏河岸风光。即还有其他可供选择的景点。alternative意为“可供选择的事物”。故答案选A。

　　B

　　(2016·长春市普通高中质检一)There are some strange driving laws in different countries.

　　Countries Laws

　　Vietnam If you're in Vietnam without a Vietnamese driver's license, you risk a prison sentence of up to three years.

　　Russia In Moscow, if your car is dirty enough to draw dust art, you will be fined about 2,000 rubles (about US $55). Worse yet, it's illegal to wash your car by hand in public places — forcing you to take it to one of the few car wash facilities.

　　Thailand Drivers — males or females — can't drive shirtless, whether it's a car, a bus, or a tuk­tuk.

　　France France requires its drivers to carry a portable breathalyzer (酒精测量仪) all the time when driving a car. The one­time breathalyzer cost around US $5, and if you don't have one, you will be fined US $15.

　　Cyprus Raising your hands in the car can get you fined of US $35. The law states a driver can be fined if the person is in an irregular position inside the car or raises his hands from the steering wheel unnecessarily.

　　Japan Politeness isn't just the culture in Japan; it's part of driving laws. Splashing a person by driving through a puddle (小水坑) with your car will cost you over US $60. The country is also strict with its DUI (酒驾) laws — riding with or lending your car to a driver who gets caught drinking can lead to a fine costing thousands of dollars.

　　4．Where should you go to wash your car when you are in Moscow?

　　A．The car wash facilities.B．Any public place.

　　C．Your home.

　　D．The forest.

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Russia一栏中的“... forcing you to take it to one of the few car wash facilities.”可知，A项正确。

　　5．What can get you fined for in Cyprus?

　　A．Forgetting to carry a portable breathalyzer.

　　B．Not having a Cyprus driver's license.

　　C．Putting your hands above your head when you are driving.

　　D．Driving without a shirt.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据Cyprus一栏中的“The law states a driver can be fined ...the steering wheel unnecessarily.”可知，C项正确。

　　6．If you are fined thousands of dollars in Japan, you may have been ________.

　　A．in an irregular position in your car

　　B．sitting in a car with a drunk driver

　　C．splashing a person with mud

　　D．impolite to other drivers

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Japan一栏中“... riding with or lending your car to a driver who gets caught drinking can lead to a fine costing thousands of dollars.”可知，B项正确。

　　7．This text can most likely be found in ________.

　　A．a law document

　　B．a fashion magazine

　　C．an international newspaper

　　D．a column on interesting cultures

　　解析：选D　文章出处题。　A“一份法律文件”；B“一本时尚杂志”；C“一份国际报纸”；D“一个关于有趣文化的专栏”。本文介绍的这些国家的奇怪的驾车法规与国家的文化有关，故D项正确。

　　C

　　(2016·河北普通毕业班质量检查)The term “smog” was first used in London during the early 1900's to describe the combination of smoke and fog. What we typically call “smog” today is a mixture of pollutants but is primarily made up of ground­level ozone (臭氧)．

　　Ozone can be beneficial or harmful depending on where it stays. The ozone staying high above the Earth protects human health and the environment,

　　but ground­level ozone is responsible for the choking, coughing, and painful eyes associated with smog. The ozone in smog also prevents plants growth and can cause widespread damage to crops and forest.

　　Major smog occurrences often are linked to heavy motor vehicle traffic, high temperatures, sunshine, and calm winds. Weather and geography affect the position and severity of smog. Because temperature regulates the length of time it takes for smog to form, smog can form faster and be more severe on a hot and sunny day. When warm air stays near the ground instead of rising and winds are calm, smog may stay trapped over your city for days. As traffic and other sources add more pollutants to the air, the smog gets worse. Smog is often more severe away from the pollution sources because the chemical reactions that cause smog occur in the atmosphere while the reacting chemicals are being moved by the wind.

　　Smog is a visible example of air pollution. You can look into the distance during the day to see how much smog there is in the air. In addition, most cities measure the concentrations of pollutants in the air and report the results to the public.

　　Environmental Protection Agency sets national standards for pollutants. Areas that fail to meet the standards for at least one air pollutant are called “nonattainment (不达标) areas”. New measures are being taken by local governments across the country to reduce air pollution in nonattainment areas. These include: banning charcoal barbecues and wood burning in stoves or fireplaces when pollution levels are high; developing programs to encourage carpooling and voluntary “ozone actions”； limiting traffic in overcrowded areas; expanding or improving public transportation systems; requiring employers to contribute to employee public transportation costs; assessing “smog fees” on cars according to the number of miles driven and vehicle emissions (排放) produced; and even buying and breaking up older “super­dirty” cars.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论了烟雾的形成原因、危害以及地方政府针对这一现象所采取的应对措施。

　　8．According to the passage, ground­level ozone can______.

　　A．damage the environment

　　B．benefit human health

　　C．protect crops and forest

　　D．limit the spread of smog

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...but ground­level ozone is ... damage to crops and forest.”可知，地平面上的臭氧对环境和人体是有坏处的。故选A。

　　9．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Air quality is better in time of calm wind.

　　B．Smog is more severe near pollution sources.

　　C．It takes more time for smog to form in hot weather.

　　D．Chemical reactions occur in the moving air and cause smog.

　　解析：选D　正误判断题。根据第三段最后一句中的“because the chemical reactions ... by the wind”可知，化学反应在流动的空气里发生并且导致了烟雾。故选D。

　　10．Which indication shows more exact the air is poor?

　　A．Heavy motor vehicle traffic in big cities.

　　B．Widespread damage of crops and forest.

　　C．Clear outlines of hills in the distance.

　　D．High concentrations of pollutants in the air.

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，空气中高浓度的污染物能较准确地表明空气质量差。故选D。

　　11．What is included in the measures being taken by the local governments?

　　A．Unconditional banning of wood burning.

　　B．Encouraging carpooling and public transportation.

　　C．Charging all the vehicles more “smog fees”．

　　D．Buying new cars to replace super­dirty old cars.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“developing programs to encourage carpooling ...”以及“expanding or improving public transportation systems” 可知，地方政府采取的措施包括鼓励人们拼车，扩大和改进公共交通运输体系等。故选B。

　　D

　　(2016·合肥市第二次质量检测)Personal money­management website Mint. com suggests recently that responsible parents should give their kids credit cards — possibly starting as young as middle school. The website says a credit card will help children master responsible spending habits and give parents the chance to teach them some valuable lessons.

　　It's absolutely true that kids should learn about how a credit card works and how to use it responsibly. But the idea that they need a card of their own to practise is questionable.

　　Yes, credit cards are a teaching tool, but it's the time you spend educating them about money management that does the teaching, not the piece of plastic. Sit down with your child — here we are referring to teens and walk them through your credit card statements. Point out important things like the due date, late fee warning, and APR (年贷款利率)．

　　If you have good credit, adding a child as an authorized user onto one of your credit cards also provides teachable moments. Allow kids to use the card to make specific purchases and require their participation in payment.

　　Since the card is still in your name, you can take them off it at any point and cut off their access if they're not able to handle the responsibility.

　　Another option is to set them up with an account at a local bank that offers free use of a debit card (借记卡). Unlike credit card, the debit card has no overdraft (透支) function. Children can only use the card to pay for things and the money is taken directly from their bank account. If the account is empty, the worst that will happen is the card being declined at a cash register.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一家网站认为给孩子办理信用卡有助于孩子养成良好的消费习惯，增强他们的责任感。但是作者认为，父母教育孩子管理钱财的最好办法是把孩子添加为自己的信用卡授权用户或为孩子建立借记卡账户。

　　12．Why does Mint. com advise parents to give middle school kids credit cards?

　　A．To leave their kids financially independent.

　　B．To help their kids form good spending habits.

　　C．To teach their kids how to save pocket money.

　　D．To strengthen the relationship with their kids.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，该网站认为，父母给孩子办理信用卡有助于孩子养成良好的消费习惯。故选B项。

　　13．The author considers a credit card as a teaching tool because ________.

　　A．it motivates teens to ask their parents for less financial support

　　B．it helps teenagers to know some basic knowledge of credit cards

　　C．it contains detailed financial information on the cardsurface

　　D．it offers parents the chance to teach kids to managemoney

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者认为信用卡是一种教育工具，是因为孩子使用信用卡给了父母一个教孩子如何管理钱财的机会。故选D项。

　　14．What is the purpose of adding kids as credit card authorized users?

　　A．To avoid extremely high overdraft fees.

　　B．To encourage them to share household expenses.

　　C．To teach them to be responsible credit card users.

　　D．To help them pay close attention to their bank account.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“... adding a child as an authorized user ... require their participation in payment.”和倒数第二段中“if they're not able to handle the responsibility”可知，把孩子添加为信用卡授权用户，可以使孩子为自己的消费买单，这有助于孩子成为有责任心的信用卡用户。故选C项。

　　15．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　A．Further information about the debit card.

　　B．The overdraft functions of a debit card.

　　C．More disadvantages of credit cards.

　　D．The kids' attitude towards a credit card.

　　解析：选A　预测推断题。文章的最后一段提到了另一种选择是为孩子们建立借记卡账户，并简单介绍了其与信用卡的不同，由此可推知，文章接下来最有可能会介绍借记卡的更多信息。故选A项。

　　.阅读七选五

　　(2016·石家庄市高三教学质检一)Attending college after high school isn't for everyone. If you are looking to explore your choices, check out these alternatives and they will help you make a decision that is right for you.

　　●Get a job.

　　The responsibility of holding down a full­time job is a good way for you to translate into adulthood, not to mention it's a financial necessity. __1__

　　●Start a business.

　　Have you always been an entrepreneur (企业家)? __2__ The trick is finding your position and pursuing it. You can start by listing your strengths and interests, and finding potential industries that would put them to good use. And remember, even if you fail, it will give you much experience.

　　●__3__

　　Adult education classes are a great way to sample college life without going full­time. It will give you the opportunity to take various classes and decide what direction you want to go before committing to a major or degree program. __4__

　　●Turn a hobby into a moneymaker.

　　__5__ With enough passion and drive, a hobby such as painting, music, or baking could become a viable moneymaker. If you are able to do what you love, please try to make a living at it.

　　A．Take adult education classes.

　　B．Serve in the army for education.

　　C．However, you will want to adapt yourself to a job that offers career growth.

　　D．If

　　you have a special talent in one hobby, perhaps you can turn it into a career.

　　E．Some teens choose to take a year or two off before continuing their education, while others jump right into the workforce.

　　F．Especially in this Internet age, there are many business opportunities for you to start working for yourself.

　　G．Start by researching community colleges in your area to find one that offers classes that appeal to you.

　　答案：1～5　CFAGD

　　课时练(三)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分练(练规范)

　　(限时：45分钟)

　　.语法填空

　　(2016·青岛市高三统一质检)Hongbao, a red envelope with small amounts of money in, is a gift that is guaranteed to be warmly received, not only because of the cash, but also because of its __1__ (tradition) symbolism and best wishes for the future. This is true throughout China, __2__ (especial) in the south where people regard receiving hongbao __3__ an auspicious (吉祥的) beginning to the New Year.

　　Legend in the south has it that a devil used to appear to harm children and the elderly. __4__ loud noise would frighten __5__ devil away, so did the color red.

　　Firecrackers took care of the noise and during the Spring Festival couplets (对联) also helped keep him away. But firecrackers couldn't go off all day so children and the elderly also got hongbao, red envelopes __6__ (contain) money.

　　The tradition __7__ (survive) millennia and giving hongbao to children and the elderly remains popular among Chinese people all over the world. It has also made its way into workplaces where bosses often give __8__ (employ) hongbao and most recently, companies have adopted online marketing strategies __9__ hongbao is distributed, hoping __10__ companies and staff members have a good start.

　　Giving hongbao at the beginning of the Lunar New Year indicates best wishes for the future.

　　1．traditional　红包是一种很受欢迎的礼物，不仅是因为里面的现金，而且是因为它的传统象征和对未来的美好祝愿。

　　2．especially　在中国这是真的，尤其是南方，在那里，人们认为收到红包是新年的吉祥开始。

　　3．as　regard ... as ...“认为……是……”。

　　4．But　传说在南方有一个恶魔过去常出来伤害孩子和老人。但是，正如红色一样，大的噪音也能够吓跑恶魔。

　　5．the　此处指上文提到的“devil”，故用定冠词the。

　　6．containing　所以孩子和老人也能够得到装有钱的红色信封——红包。

　　7．has survived　这种传统已经存在了几千年了，送红包给孩子和老人仍然受到全世界中国人的欢迎。

　　8．employees　老板常常给员工发红包。

　　9．where　最近，很多公司采取网上营销策略派送红包，祝愿他们的公司和员工有一个良好的开始。where引导定语从句，且在从句中作状语。

　　10．their　参见上题解析。

　　Ⅱ.短文改错

　　(2016·太原市第二学段测评)

　　Dear Linda，

　　I'm so exciting and happy to hear that you're coming to China. Since your trip is scheduled for the middle of July, time is not a problem for me because of I will be having my summer vacation at that time.

　　I've been very busy recently, for I've been preparing for coming exam, which is vitally for me and my future life. Last week, I attended an English speech contest intend for high school students all over the province and I win the first prize. I've always been dreaming of having an opportunity to travel in English­speaking countries like your to practise and improve my English.However, I also want to make friend with people from other countries.

　　I am looking forward to see you.

　　Yours，

　　Dai Hong

　　答案：第一句：exciting→excited

　　第二句：去掉because后的of

　　第三句：coming前加the; vitally→vital

　　第四句：intend→intended; win→won

　　第五句：your→yours

　　第六句：However→Besides; friend→friends

　　第七句：see→seeing

　　Ⅲ.书面表达

　　(2016·河北省邢台市摸底考试)假如你是李华，目前正在一所外国语学校读高中。最近一段时间你比较关注美国文化，尤其对美国的节日感兴趣。请你给你的美国网友Tom写一封电子邮件，询问他关于感恩节的一些情况。内容要点如下：

　　1．介绍自己的近况；

　　2．询问他关于感恩节的一些情况(起源、庆祝的时间和方式等)；

　　3．表示感谢。

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　3．开头和落款已为你写好，但不计入总词数。Dear Tom，

　　Thanks for your e­mail last time.___________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　参考范文：

　　Dear Tom，

　　Thanks for your e­mail last time. I'd like to tell you that I am now focusing my attention on American culture, especially American festivals.

　　When it comes to American festivals, what attracts me most is Thanksgiving Day. Since I have never spent the festival in America in person, I know little about it. I would appreciate it greatly if you can tell me something about it. My questions are as follows: How did it come into being? When and how do people celebrate it? What's its significance?

　　I hope you can give me assistance in this problem and thank you in advance.

　　Best wishes!

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua