2017届高考英语一轮复习知识点专练：冠词

　　冠词

　　一、用a/an，the，或/填空

　　1.On the way home, ________ sky grew dark, and ________ cold rain began to fall.

　　答案　the; a

　　2.When my sister left ________ college, she got a job as ________ reporter in a newspaper office.

　　答案　/; a

　　3.—It's said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 ________ year.

　　—Right, he will also get paid by ________ week.

　　答案　a; the

　　4.Some experts say ________ birthrate, after the one­child policy is relaxed, can see ________ modest increase in future.

　　答案　the; a

　　5.Lily's birthday is on ________ Monday next month, but I don't remember ________ date clearly.

　　答案　a; the

　　6.If you want to study in foreign countries, ________ good knowledge of the culture is regarded as ________ must for you to have happily.

　　答案　a; a

　　7.________ shortage of water gives us ________ warning that protecting our environment is of great importance.

　　答案　The; a

　　8.One summer night in 1900, ________ reporter appeared at the door of Thomas Laboratory and asked for ________ interview.

　　答案　a; an

　　9.My friend Lucy is leaving. I will do her ________ favor and drive her to ________ airport.

　　答案　a; the

　　10.My daughter had ________ great love of everything in ________ universe when she was young.

　　答案　a; the

　　11.The medical reform in that country proved to be ________ failure, but as we know, success often comes after ________ failure.

　　答案　a；/

　　12.—Have you listened to ________ weather forecast, Linda？

　　—Yes. It says that there will be ________ heavy rain this weekend.

　　答案　the; a

　　13.Many cities issued a warning of ________ air pollution for PM 2.5 readings, which became ________ concern of all the people.

　　答案　/; a

　　14.The education of ________ young is always ________ hot and serious topic.

　　答案　the; a

　　15.Edward is ________ professor at Stanford University, and today he is going to give us ________ lecture on ________ nature of human beings.

　　答案　a; a; the

　　16.A child, if brought up in ________ large family, is more likely to develop ________ ability to share with others.

　　答案　a; the

　　17.David, ________ headmaster of our school, was elected by voting and the other leaders were chosen in ________ same way as him.

　　答案　/; the

　　18.Living in ________ ever increasingly fast­paced world, we must take ________ advantage of every opportunity to develop.

　　答案　the；/

　　19.In communication, a smile is usually ________ strong sign of ________ friendly and open attitude.

　　答案　a；a

　　20. A university is ________ place where you can learn to be wise, learn to be confident and learn to make ________ difference.

　　答案　a; a

　　二、请改正下列句子中的冠词错误。

　　1.I know you don't like music very much. But what do you think of music in the film we saw yesterday？

　　答案　第二个music前加the

　　2.After dinner he gave Mr. Richardson the ride to the airport.

　　答案　the ride→a ride

　　3.I grew up on a farm in Idaho, but I did not want to become farmer.

　　答案　become后加a

　　4.All the students in our class made a progress by studying harder this term.

　　答案　a progress去掉a

　　5.One way to understand thousands of words is to gain the good knowledge of basic word formation.

　　答案　the→a

　　6.A bullet hit the soldier and he was wounded in a leg.

　　答案　in a leg→in the leg

　　7.I don't like talking on telephone; I prefer writing letters.

　　答案　在telephone前加the

　　8.In my opinion, you'd better go to the restaurant where you had a lunch and look for your lost wallet.

　　答案　a lunch去掉a

　　9.Lincoln said that living must finish the work of those dead.

　　答案　在living前加the

　　10.For the boy in Minnesota, signing names and taking photos with fans is just part of a normal day.

　　答案　the→a

　　11.He paid half a normal price for this watch.

　　答案　a→the

　　12.Susan, the university student from Europe, teaches me art in her spare time.

　　答案　the university student→a university student

　　13.I got a bad toothache yesterday, which kept me awake a whole night.

　　答案　a whole night→the whole night

　　14.The sign reads “In case of the fire, break the glass and push the red button. ”

　　答案　the fire去掉the

　　15.It is not rare in 90s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education.

　　答案　in 90s→in the 90s

　　三、语法填空

　　(2016·云南弥勒模拟)

　　Everyone has his own way of saying things and his own special expressions. Many everyday American expressions are based __1__ colors. Red is a hot color. Americans often use __2__ to express heat. They may say they are red hot about something unfair. When they are red hot they are very __3__ (anger) about something. The small hot tasting peppers found in many Mexican foods __4__ (call) red hots for their color and their spicy taste. Fast loud music is popular with many people. They may say the music is red hot, __5__ (especial) the kind called Dixieland jazz. Pink is a __6__ (light) kind of red. People sometimes say they are in the pink __7__ they are in good health. The expression was first used in America at the beginning of the __8__ (twenty) century. It probably came from the fact that many babies are born with a nice pink color __9__ shows that they are in good health. Blue is a cool. The traditional blues music in the United States is __10__ opposite of red hot music. Blues is slow, sad and soulful (深情的). Someone who is blue is very sad.

　　答案与解析　

　　语篇解读　本文主要介绍了一些与颜色有关的表达。

　　1.on　考查固定短语。be based on表示“以……为基础”，是固定搭配。

　　2.it　考查代词。所填词特指前面的“Red”，故用代词it。

　　3.angry　考查词类转换。由is和very可知，应用anger的形容词形式angry。

　　4.are called　考查语态和时态。call与主语the small hot tasting peppers之间为动宾关系，再结合全文时态可知应填are called。

　　5.especially　考查词类转换。副词especially(尤其)作状语。

　　6.lighter　考查形容词的比较级。根据常识可知，粉红色是较浅的红色。故用比较级lighter。

　　7.when　考查连词。when表示“当……时”，在此引导时间状语从句。

　　8.twentieth　考查序数词。at the beginning of the twentieth century表示“在20世纪初”。

　　9.that/which　考查定语从句。先行词为color，指物，且关系词在限制性定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。

　　10.the　考查冠词。所填词表示特指，故填定冠词the。

　　四、阅读理解

　　(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)

　　Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn't always easy. The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks)per session—are quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论), slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels’， or ‘people think’，” Lehanne told them. “Say ‘I think，’ ‘Think me’．”

　　A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un­French. But Lehanne's psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast­food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.

　　The city's “psychology cafes”， which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle­aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel. “There's a strong need in Paris for communication，” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist，” she says. “If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.” But then, it wouldn't be France.

　　语篇解读　本文介绍了目前在法国流行的主题咖啡馆产生的背景和对消费者起到的心理治疗的作用。

　　1.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope？

　　A. Learn a new subject.

　　B. Keep in touch with friends.

　　C. Show off their knowledge.

　　D. Express their true feelings.

　　答案与解析　D　考查细节理解。第一段中的“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings”一句表明，the cafe La Chope鼓励人们表达自己的真实情感。

　　2.How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes？

　　A. They are less frequently visited.

　　B. They stay open for longer hours.

　　C. They have bigger night crowds.

　　D. They start to serve fast food.

　　答案与解析　A　考查推理判断。根据第二段可知，多年来，咖啡馆受到人们生活方式变化的影响。由文中的“longer working hours, a fast­food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home”可推知人们(现在)不经常去咖啡馆了。

　　3.What are theme cafes expected to do？

　　A. Create more jobs.

　　B. Supply better drinks.

　　C. Save the cafe business.

　　D. Serve the neighborhood.

　　答案与解析　C　考查推理判断。根据第二段第三句中的“It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes”可知，主题咖啡馆的目的就是拯救日趋没落的咖啡行业。

　　4.Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris？

　　A. They bring people true friendship.

　　B. They give people spiritual support.

　　C. They help people realize their dreams.

　　D. They offer a platform for business links.

　　答案与解析　B　考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，“心理咖啡馆”之所以变得受欢迎是因为在这里举办讨论活动的心理学家能抚慰人们的心灵。文中的“People have few real friends. And they need to open up”暗示来这里的顾客需要精神支柱。

　　五、短文改错

　　(2016·黑龙江大庆质检)

　　Tina and I have been good friend for years. We often do things together, so one day Tina didn't talk to me and just sat by herself. I don't know what was wrong. I thought about what I had done and said recent. Was Tina upset because I had done well in the history test than her? No, she was happy that I did well in school. I decided find out what was the matter. I walked over to there Tina was sitting. “Tina，” I said softly, “Is anything wrong？” He answered sadly, “Yes, my cat died on last night.” I finally knew the reason what she didn't talk to me and comforted her.

　　答案　Tina and I have been good

　　for years. We often do things together,

　　one day Tina didn't talk to me and just sat by herself. I

　　know what was wrong. I thought about what I had done and said . Was Tina upset because I had done

　　in the history test than her? No, she was happy that I did well in school. I decided

　　find out what was the matter. I walked over to

　　Tina was sitting. “Tina，” I said softly, “Is anything wrong？”

　　answered sadly, “Yes, my cat died o last night.” I finally knew the reason

　　she didn't talk to me and comforted her.