2017届高考英语一轮复习知识点专练：数词与主谓一致

　　数词与主谓一致

　　一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　1.A teacher of English and class teacher ________ (tell) us something about volunteer workers now.

　　答案与解析　is telling　句子主语为“英语老师兼班主任”为一个人，故后面的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，从now可知，用现在进行时。

　　2.When and where this took place ________ (be) still unknown.

　　答案与解析　is　主语为主语从句，虽由and连接但却指的是同一件事，故谓语动词用单数形式，且表示被动，故填is。

　　3. Every means ________ (try), but none proved successful.

　　答案与解析　has been tried　means的单复数同形，从every可知这里是单数，因此谓语动词也用单数，而且根据句意可知，是“每个办法都被尝试过了”，故用被动语态。

　　4.Weibo as well as WeChat ________ (serve) as a media platform for people to share their thoughts instantly without limits of place or time.

　　答案与解析　serves　句意：微博和微信可以作为一个供人们随时随地分享他们想法的媒体平台。serve as表示“可用作，可当……使”。由as well as可知，该句的谓语应由Weibo而定，故应用第三人称单数形式serves。

　　5.—Hey! Here is a message on my cellphone，telling me that I have won the first prize of a weekend for two in Paris.

　　—Delete it! It's a trick. Many a person ________ (cheat) by such tricks.

　　答案与解析　has been cheated　句意：——嘿，我手机上有一条短信，告诉我我已获得巴黎周末双人游的大奖。——删掉吧。那是个骗局。许多人被这样的短信骗过。“many a＋单数名词”做主语，谓语动词用单数形式，根据句意可知，许多人已经被骗过，故用现在完成时的被动语态。

　　6.One survey shows that large quantities of water ________ (be) wasted every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.

　　答案与解析　are　large quantities of＋不可数名词/复数可数名词做主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式，即由quantities决定，且由every year可知用are。

　　7.Hank as well as the other children who have no parents ________ (take) good care of in the center.

　　答案与解析　is being taken　as well as连接主语时，谓语动词和前面的主语一致，而且take good care of和Hank构成被动关系，故用被动语态。

　　8.What the teacher of the science class does and says ________ (be) of great importance to the students at college.

　　答案与解析　is　句意：理科老师在课堂上说的话和做的事对学院里的学生很重要。本句的主语是主语从句，且主语从句中用了并列谓语，表示的是同一问题的两个方面，谓语动词应用单数形式，且陈述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。

　　9.Children are not recommended to see such films as ________ (be) bad for their mental development.

　　答案与解析　are　分析句子结构可知，空处是as引导的定语从句并在从句中做主语，先行词为films，因此使用复数动词are。

　　10.Wasn't it the icy road rather than the drivers that ________ (be) to blame for the series of traffic accidents？

　　答案与解析　was　此处谓语动词的单复数应与被强调的主语一致，而rather than连接主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词the icy road一致，所以使用was。

　　二、根据文中意思完成下面句子(每空一词)

　　1.桌子上有两本书和一本词典。

　　There ________ two books and a dictionary on the table.

　　答案　are

　　2.做这项工作四十分钟足够了。

　　Forty minutes ________ enough for the work.

　　答案　is

　　3.玛丽的眼镜破了。

　　Mary's glasses ________ broken.

　　答案　are

　　4.学生们和老师都为他的演讲感动了。

　　The students as well as the teacher ________ moved by his speech.

　　答案　were

　　5.工厂里大约有300个工人。

　　The number of the workers of this factory ________ about 300.

　　答案　is

　　6.地震过后需要大量的帐篷。

　　A large quantity of tents ________ needed after the earthquake.

　　答案　is

　　三、语法填空

　　(2016·贵州七校联考)

　　I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting __1__ my car broke down near a remote village. Cursing my __2__ (fortune), I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me __3__ (argue) as to who should have the honour of receiving me __4__ a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of __5__ 80­year­old peasant woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse __6__ my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometers away __7__ there was a garage.

　　I had noticed three hens __8__ (run) free in my hostess' courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table. Other villagers brought me goats' cheese and honey. We drank together and talked __9__ (merry) till far into the night.

　　When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I __10__ (cause) her. But she refused.

　　答案与解析　

　　语篇解读　“我”在去Taiyetos Mountains的途中车子坏了，热情的村民帮助了“我”。

　　1.when　考查连词。太阳正在落山，这时“我”的车(突然)抛锚在一个偏远的村庄附近。when在此作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。

　　2.misfortune　考查名词。“我”咒骂自己的不幸。misfortune意为“不幸”。

　　3.were arguing　考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示过去某时正在进行的主动动作，且主语为复数，故填were arguing。

　　4.as　考查介词。as a guest表示“作为客人”。

　　5.an　考查冠词。所填词表示“一位”，80对应的英文单词以元音音素开头，所以用an。

　　6.to　考查介词。tie up sth. to sth.表示“把……绑在……上”。

　　7.where　考查定语从句。a small town作先行词，所填词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句。

　　8.running　考查非谓语动词。notice sb./sth.doing (sth.)表示“注意到某人/某物正在做某事”。此处表示“我”看到三只母鸡在女主人家的院子里跑着，故填running。

　　9.merrily　考查词类转换。修饰动词talked应用副词merrily。

　　10.had caused　考查过去完成时。“带来麻烦”发生在“想报答”之前，时间背景为过去的过去，所以用过去完成时。且此处表示主动关系，故填had caused。

　　四、阅读理解

　　(2015·湖北卷)

　　Hilversum is a medium­sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.

　　In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They built themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s.

　　The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum. Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.

　　In the early 1900s, modern architects W．M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics. His masterpiece, Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928—1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W. M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.

　　语篇解读　本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰的一个中等规模的城市Hilversum的相关情况。

　　1.Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ________.

　　A. it has a large population

　　B. it is cut off from big cities

　　C. it has many beautiful gardens

　　D. it is in a hilly area with sandy soil

　　答案与解析　D　考查细节理解。文章第一段的第二句就说明了这座城市与荷兰其他城市的不同，即Hilversum位于丘陵地区，且土壤大多数是沙土。因此选D。

　　2.What was the greatest contribution of the Brenninkmeijers to Hilversum？

　　A. Building a railway link to Amsterdam.

　　B. Helping its textile industry to develop.

　　C. Constructing large villas for the poor.

　　D. Assisting its agricultural industry.

　　答案与解析　B　考查细节理解。由第二段的“They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum”可知，这家人对这座城市最大的贡献是帮助这座城市发展了纺织业，因此选B。

　　3.The beginning of the media industry in Hilversum was marked by the establishment of ________.

　　A. a radio factory

　　B. the media capital

　　C. a radio station

　　D. a TV station

　　答案与解析　A　考查细节理解。由第三段的内容可知，在1920年，NSF在这座城市建起一个收音机厂后，这里的经济才转换为媒体经济，故选A。

　　4.What is known about W. M. Dudok's Hilversum Town Hall？

　　A. It consists of approximately 75 buildings.

　　B. It looks like an open air museum in the city.

　　C. It is a classic example in architecture textbooks.

　　D. It has shaped most of 20th century Hilversum.

　　答案与解析　C　考查推理判断。由最后一段的内容可知，现代建筑师W.M.Dudok塑造了Hilversum这座城市20世纪的建筑风格，这个城市的市政厅是他的杰作，被收录到很多建筑学的教科书，由此推断，这座市政厅成为了建筑学教科书的典范。

　　五、短文改错

　　(2016·山东青岛高三联考)

　　My name is Li Hua. I was born in Qingdao, Shandong Province on February 1995. I started the school in 2001 when I was six. I studied happy in Guangming Primary School from 2001 to 2007. After that I went to No. 39 Middle School of Qingdao and graduate last summer. The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer. I like English and computer best but I am very good at it. Last year I won a first prize in the school computer competition. In my spare time I enjoy listening popular music and collecting stamp. My favorite sports is swimming in summer and skating in winter.

　　答案　

　　My name is Li Hua. I was born in Qingdao, Shandong Province

　　February 1995. I started

　　school in 2001 when I was six. I studied

　　in Guangming Primary School from 2001 to 2007. After that I went to No. 39 Middle School of Qingdao and

　　last summer. The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer. I like English and computer best

　　I am very good at . Last year I won a

　　first prize in the school computer competition.

　　the或

　　In my spare time I enjoy listening

　　popular music and collecting . My favorite sports

　　swimming in summer and skating in winter.