2017届高考英语一轮全册复习学案：Unit18《Beauty》（北师大版）

　　Unit 18　Beauty

　　需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义　超重的过重的伴随陪同

　　命令指挥.

　　递送传送消除……的疲劳使振作精神浪漫的不像和……不同传达表达方式方法evident adj.

　　明显的明白的需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变责任义务；承诺→commit 犯(罪或错等)没有味道的→tasty 美味的可口的→taste

　　．味道 ．品尝；尝起来使人烦恼的→disturb 使烦恼没完没了的永无休止的→end ．结局；结尾 ．(使)终止(使)结束严寒的冰冻的→freeze ．结冰对待；治疗；款待 ．款待请客→treatment ．打动；打 ．罢工→striking 突出的引人注目的需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义令人屏息的杰作名作c adj.

　　自然景色的风景优美高级的上等的垂直的竖的敬爱非常喜欢一致的始终如一的羊毛制的(通过节食、加强运动等)减肥；苗(数、量、年龄等的)变化范围良心主观的方面；度量植物学交响乐交响曲容易理解的精美的雅致的兴奋；恐惧使兴奋尊贵；庄严优雅的精致的j.

　　低劣的；肮脏破烂的22．tendency n.

　　倾向趋势自负的炫耀的突然的出其不意的版本；说法平稳的；稳定的基督教的弯曲想家思乡淹没淹死模糊的一跳一跃烟囱爱慕钟爱商人诱捕设圈套主题缺点弊端商品目录孩子的幼稚的

　　1．die_out

　　完全消失灭绝一组一套等一下失明被烦死立即马上突然为……做准备以……为基础

　　1．[教材原句]So_do_I ...我也一样……[句式解读]“so＋助动词＋主语”表示“……也一样”。[教材原句]In the end, as disgusting and cruel as he seems.

　　最后她发现野兽不像看上去那样令人讨厌和凶残。[句式解读]as ... as ...意为“和……一样……”。[教材原句]In other cultures, for a husband­to­be is not what_a_woman_desires at all — rather, looking_a_little_overweight is considered more attractive.

　　在其他文化中女人根本不想在未来的丈夫眼中显得苗条而身材略微丰满才更加迷人。[句式解读]what 引导的表语从句；动名词作主语。The human race would_soon_die_out if we could_only_see beauty within a set of limited criteria.

　　如果我们只能用一套有限的标准来衡量美不久人类将会灭绝。[句式解读]与将来相反的虚拟语气。[教材原句]Oh, don't_think that's fair!

　　噢！我认为那不公平！[句式解读]don't think在句中为否定前移。

　　[重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]

　　1range　．山脉；排；(变化等的)幅度；(知识等的)范围；射程排列；(在一定范围内)变化变动[高考佳句](2015·江苏高考阅读C)For example, range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships.

　　例如人们自愿表达与无私有关的个人价值扩展经历范围以及加强社会关系。(1)in/within range (of sth.)在……范beyond/out of range (of sth.)

　　在……范围外一系列(2)range from ... to ... /range between ... and ...

　　在……范围内变化(2015·湖北高考阅读E)To answer these questions, a wide range of disciplines.

　　为了回答这些问题广泛调查各个学科。(2017·广东高考阅读D)They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.他们记录了所有丢失的物品从马铃薯到高尔夫手套。[形象识记

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空unhealthy habits.

　　② He has a number of interests, ranging (range) from playing chess to swimming.

　　③The hunter failed to shoot the animal as it was beyond range of his gun.

　　Ⅱ.完成句子(在政府职责范围之内)．”(温度变化很大)．2．command　．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握 命令；指挥；支配；博得；赢得[高考佳句](2015·陕西高考写作)Besides, command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.

　　除此之外我英语掌握得好因此我当选为英语老师的助手(1)at one's command 　 　

　　听某人支配(good) command of

　　掌握；精通(尤指语言)(be) in command of

　　掌握；控制控制；担任……的指挥(2)command sb. to do sth.

　　命令某人做command that ... (should) do ...

　　命令……做……As the boy rose at his command and came slowly towards him, he leaned back and laughed.

　　当孩子顺着他的命令站起身来慢慢地走向他的时候他却把身子往后一仰大笑起来。

　　The police commanded the witness to describe what had happened the day before.

　　＝The police commanded that the witness (should) describe what had happened the day before.警察要求目击者描述一下前一天所发

　　Ⅰ.介词填空mand of her life.

　　③The student behaved badly because she didn't have a good command of English.

　　Ⅱ.一句多译老板命令他的员工们在天没黑之前不能离开办公室。－1 The boss commanded_that_his_workers_(should)_not_leave their office before dark.(command that ...)－2 The boss commanded_his_workers_not_to_leave their office before dark.(command＋复合宾语)3．tendency　．[C]倾向趋势[经典例句]There is a growing tendency among employers to hire casual staff.雇主雇用临时员工有增加的趋势。(1)have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事的趋势(2)tend v.

　　往往会；倾向趋tend to do sth.

　　往往会/常常会做某事趋向……；倾向……I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.

　　我紧张时总爱唠叨。In general, what you give tends to get back from the world around you.

　　通常情况下你给予他人的往往可以从你周边的人那里得到。[熟词生义]　The nurse tended soldiers' wounds skillfully.照料；护理

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(meet) up for lunch once a week.

　　②He has a tendency (tend) to forget things.

　　Ⅱ.句型转换as mere physical phenomena.

　　→We modern people have a tendency to see the weather as mere physical phenomena.

　　Ⅲ.完成句子ater them.

　　如果不浇水植物在炎热的天气里容易枯死。当别人不同意他的观点时他就很容易生气。就我个人而言我倾向于第二阵营。4．treat　治疗；对待；款待款待；招待[高考佳句](2015·陕西高考单词拼写)Young people should always treat the elders with respect. 年轻人应该尊敬老年人。(1)treat

　　...as ... 把某人当……看待认真对待某事/物用……款待某人/自己(2)It's my treat.

　　我请客。She wishes to be treated as nothing more than a common girl.

　　她希望被当作一个普通的女孩子来The origin of value is a problem that should not be neglected but treated seriously.

　　价值来源是一个需要严肃对待和不容忽视的问题。 We are treating Mom to dinner for her birthday.

　　因为妈妈过生Let's go out for lunch after work. It's my treat.

　　下班后咱们到外面去吃午餐吧。我请客。

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空hould be_treated (treat) with respect by their students.

　　②Drink driving should be treated as a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash.

　　Ⅱ.单句改错of our school.for→to

　　④Treat the earth serious, for it is not given to you by your parents but lent to you by your children.serious→seriously

　　5．strike　打；罢工；敲；撞击；侵袭；给某人以……印象；打动；擦；突然想起[C]罢工；打击[高考佳句](2015·全国卷Ⅱ完形)It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.我认为和另外一个队进行比赛是队里所有女孩学习的良机。(1)be struck with/by ...为……所袭击/感动某人觉得……；某人的印象是……＝ sb. strike on sth.某人突然想起/猛然意识到(2)be on strike

　　在罢工举行罢工(3)striking adj.

　　引人注目的；异乎寻常的；显著的Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incidents.

　　医院员工举行罢工抗议这几起事件。What is most striking is how resourceful the children are.

　　最令人注目的是孩子们的机智聪明。[个性比较]　通常指“一下一下地打或敲击；留下印记”等；还有“打动；使……着迷；某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义；也可指“(钟)敲响”指“打中、击中或对准……来打；敲打或打击对方的某一点”作名词时可指 “受欢迎的人或物”beat 着重指“连续地敲打或打击”例如：殴打或体罚；也指“(在游戏、竞赛或战争中)击败对方”；也指“心跳”指“敲打并伴有响声”它还有“打倒打翻”的意思

　　[名师指津]　strike的过去分词有两种形式和stricken其中stricken常与表示灾害的名词构成一个复合形容词意为“受灾的遭受损害的”如flood­strickenearthquake­stricken“遭受地震袭击的”。

　　Ⅰ.选词填空(beat/hit/strike/knock) a sofa, lost in thought.

　　②The clock struck 12 when we got there the other day.

　　③Mary rose so abruptly that she knocked down her chair.

　　④She hit him hard across his left arm.

　　Ⅱ.根据提示完成小片段was_struck_by (被……所打动) her youth and enthusiasm. It_struck_me (我突然想起) that she was just the girl I had been seeking. I wanted to take action. As a striking (不同寻常的) saying goes, (趁热打铁)．”6．recommend 　建议；推荐[高考佳句](2015·北京高考阅读B)As a retired ear doctor, recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.

　　无论您的听力正常与否作为一名退休的耳科医生我真诚地向您推介这款“电视耳机”。(1)recommend doing sth.　建议做某事建议某人做某事(should) do sth.

　　建议某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气)(2)recommend sb. sth.

　　向某人推荐某物把某物推荐给某人推荐某人为……(3)recommendation n.

　　推荐；介绍信He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.

　　他建议先看这本书再去看那部电影。The doctor recommended his patient to go out for a walk.

　　医生建议他的病人出去散散步。In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us, which goes like this：“Your future depends on many things, 在英语周期间我的一个同学向我们推荐了一句名言：“你的未来取决于很多东西但主要取决于你。”

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam (should)_be (be) at the age of six months old.

　　②It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of mine who is going to Beijing.

　　③We'd recommend you to_book (book) your flight early.

　　④We strongly recommend reporting (report) the incident to the police.

　　Ⅱ.单句写作(重庆高考书面表达)作为一名学生我想真诚地(wholeheartedly)向您推荐一个话题。_a_topic_wholeheartedly.

　　7．die out　灭绝；逐渐消失；过时[高考佳句](2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)In fact, －world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)．根据联合国教科文组织事实上今天在全世界所说的到7 000种语言中有一半到下个世纪可能会灭绝。(声音或感情等)慢慢变弱；渐渐消失(火、风暴、疼痛等)减弱；平息先后死去；一一灭亡死于为……而死Although the wind now died down completely, the air was still as cold as before.

　　风停了空气还是跟先前一样The sheep the old man raised died off one by one.

　　老人饲养的绵羊一只只相继死去。The man died from the snake's biting.

　　那人死于蛇咬。

　　Ⅰ.介、副词填空．根据汉语提示完成小片段世界上的老虎几乎要灭绝了由于它们的栖息地变小它们先后死去。st died_out．With their habitat shrinking, 8．lose sight of　看不见；忽略忘记[高考佳句](2015·浙江高考阅读C)In a very real sense, lose sight of our true place in the universe.

　　从非常现实的角度上看来光污染会导致我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真正位置。望见；看到……失明进入视野内；映入眼帘at first sight

　　乍一看；初看之下看到看不到在视野内The little boy lost his sight after three years'

　　illness.

　　那个小男孩病了三年之后失明了。Now and then, one or two motorcycles will come into sight and your ears are filled with their noises.

　　你会时不时地看到一两辆摩托车耳旁充斥着它们的声音。

　　It's so lovely a cup with a picture of a cartoon dog on it that both my sister and I like it at

　　first sight.

　　它是一个非常可爱的杯子上面有一张卡通狗的图片姐姐和我第一眼就喜欢上了它。

　　Ⅰ.单句改错去掉thet sight of his mother, the boy ran to her.At后加the完成句子只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。(2017·四川高考完形)The wind parted the smoke just enough for him to catch_sight_of Sibson.风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见Sibson。在火车站母亲向女儿挥手告别直⑥When we arrived, there wasn't any person in/within_sight．

　　当我们到达时没有看到任何人。[常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]1．accompany　陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有[练习]单句语法填空(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.

　　②While she danced wonderfully on the stage, her mother accompanied her on the piano.

　　③She asked me to accompany her to the airport.

　　accompany sb. on sth.

　　“用某物为某人伴奏”；be accompanied by “由……伴随”；accompany sb. to sp.“陪伴某人到某地”。　 2．deliver　递送；生(小孩儿)；助产；发表(演说等)[练习]完成句子ression on his students.

　　在昨天的会议上校长发表了一个重要演说这给他的学生们留下了深刻印象。请尽快将货物送到各家各户。发表演说”；deliver sth. (to sb.)

　　“递送/传送某物 (给某人)”。　 3．convey vt.传达；表达；运送；传导；传播[练习]单句语法填空conveyed (convey) here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”(convey) from the spot to the hospital at once.

　　③In this letter, I would like to convey my sincere appreciation to you for your assistance/help.

　　convey one's sincere appreciation to sb.“向某人表达真诚谢意”。4．vain adj.自负的；炫耀的；徒劳的；无结果的[练习]完成句子很明显她所有的抱怨都是白费口舌。mind.

　　我们试图使他改变主意结果是白费心机。in vain“白白地；徒劳”；try in vain to do sth.“枉费心机地试图做某事”。　 5．consistent adj.一致的始终如一的[练习]介词填空be consistent with ...“与……一致be consistent in“在……方面始终如一”。　 6．to be honest说实在的；说实话；老实说[练习]句型转换estly_ speaking,_I was surprised you called.

　　②To_ tell_ the_ truth,_I was surprised you called.

　　to be honest＝honestly (speaking)＝to tell the truth。　

　　So_do_I__...

　　我也一样……(1)本句为倒装句为“so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”结构表示前面所讲的肯定的情况也适合于后者前后两个主语不一致即“……的情况也是如此”。I'm so excited at the news, so are my friends Mary and Tom.

　　我对这个消息感到兴奋我的朋友玛丽和汤姆也是。(2)上述这一句型的否定形式为“neither/nor＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”。表示主语与上文所述的人或物有相同的否定概念。I don't know where he has gone, nor do I care about.

　　我不知道他去哪里了我也不关心。(3)“so＋主语＋助动词/be动词/情态动词”表示对前面提到的事情予以肯定意为“某人/某事的确是—I reminded you not to forget the appointment.

　　—So you did. But I did forget.

　　——我提醒过你别忘了约定。你确实提醒了。但我真的忘了。(4)若前句既有实义动词又有情态动词或既有肯定又有否定或两个以上的主语时则用It is the same with ...或So it is with ...句型。He came late, but he was not punished. So it was with me/It was the same with me.

　　他来晚了但没有受到惩罚。我也是。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子 there, so_shall_I．

　　如果她去那儿我也去。他是一个学生并且学习努力玛丽也一样。/nor_was_the_coach．球员们对比赛结果不满意教练也不满意。我喜欢看这本书我妻子也喜欢。句式升级_watch_the_film_and_so_does_my_friend_Tom. (so＋助动词＋主语)was_the_teacher. (neither/nor＋be动词＋主语)

　　Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空(2016·宣城六校月考)I would like to speak for dogs not only because dogs are my favorite animals, (treat) properly.

　　2．From the smell it was evident (evidence) that the drains had been blocked for several days.

　　3．On freezing cold weather, water freezes easily.(freeze)

　　4．(2016·安徽六校模拟)At the end of the party,

　　friendship.(end)

　　5．All the things seemed disturbing to him recently, he felt so disturbed that he decided to go for a holiday.(disturb)

　　Ⅱ.单句改错h an apple.with→to_

　　3．As we know, many kinds of languages are in danger of dying away.away→out

　　4．(2016·河北百校联盟调研)Obviously, 去掉morerse on what to deal with poisonous gases.what→how或deal→do选词填空(2016·中原名校联考)They hope for the best, eriences in Africa.

　　5．(2016·西北九校调研)Many honored guests turned_up at the meeting yesterday.(2016·皖北协作区质检)Jean is really nice. However,

　　talk too much.

　　8．They don't think my suggestion is a good one, which they think isn't in_harmony_with the aims of the project.

　　Ⅳ.完成句子s．我被丽江的美景吸引了我的朋友们也是。其实我们的班主任老师并不像他看上去的那样严肃。这才是我内心深处想表达的。Thinking_of_others is actually thinking of yourself.

　　为别人着想其实就是为自己着想。要是我做这项工作我会 crash, then I_don't_think_the_US_can_do_well_alone．

　　我觉得如果新兴市场跌至谷底美国也难以独善其身。课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Standards and ideas of beauty change across time.

　　Nowadays, some costumes and actions once ②regarded (regard) as beauty in 19th­century Europe are not considered healthy or attractive, ③while something now regarded as fashion had different functions in the past.

　　④In contemporary society, culture still determines our ideas of beauty. In some countries, people like being thinner, while in other cultures, people like ⑤being (be) a little overweight.

　　There are not precise criteria to judge ⑥what is beauty. If beauty ⑦was_limited (limit) by some criteria, the human race would soon die out.

　　There is physical beauty as ⑧well as inner beauty. The latter is found in ⑨a wide range of personal qualities. ⑩It is inner beauty that requires us to truly see. Beauty is certainly in the eye of the beholder.

　　Ⅵ.话题微写作根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成1．在昨晚的音乐会上他的精彩演出打动了所有听众。(strike)众所周知一首好的交响乐就像一幅漂亮的风景画。(symphony)交响乐优美的旋律能使人兴奋消除疲劳。(thrill, )

　　4．但是现在有一种日益严重的趋势人们好像越来越不重视对学生音乐方面的教育。(There is a tendency that ...)由于缺乏这方面的知识学生在表达思想和感情方面存在着困难。(convey)针对这种现象教育部长发表了一次电视讲话呼吁全社会加强对学生艺术素养的教育尽量使每个学生都能达到掌握至少一种乐器的水平。(deliver, )

　　7．他还推荐了许多优秀的教材供学生阅读。(recommend)有了部长的指示我相信课堂上轻视音乐的现象不会持久。(with think否定转移)At last night's concert, his wonderful performances struck all the audience. As we all know, a good symphony is like a beautiful landscape. Its beautiful tunes can thrill people and refresh ourselves. But now there is an increasing tendency that people seem to pay less attention to music education. For lack of knowledge, some students have difficulty in conveying their feelings and thoughts.

　　About this phenomenon, the Minister of Education delivered a televised speech to call on the whole society to strengthen students' artistic quality education and try to make every student have a good command of at least one kind of instrument. He also recommended many excellent textbooks for students to read. With his instructing, I don't think that despising music phenomenon in class will last long.

　　[高考题型提能练]阅读理解A

　　(2016·皖北协作区高三联考)A former RAF (Royal Air Force) Spitfire pilot Peter Proctor, parachuted (跳伞) for the first time — at the grand old age of 92. Mr Proctor jumped out of a plane for the first time at Sibson Airfield, (臀部) and a false knee, efall jump.He said, “I've spent a lot of my life up in the air but this was a completely different experience. It was a nightmare trying to open up the hatches (舱口) and jump out of the plane back then, nd I would love to do it again in the near future.”

　　Mr Proctor joined the RAF in 1942 and he was stationed in Durban, South Africa, to do his training before being sent to Zimbabwe where he earned his wings. He went on to become a fighter pilot in Egypt, India and went on a jungle self­preservation course before being sent to Burma in 1945. He ended his career in the armed forces in 1946 to return to his job as a store keeper in a shoe factory and went on to become a lorry driver for 33 years.

　　His wife, Olive, passed away eight years ago, but Mr Proctor has been determined to continue traveling around the world. He said, “Olive died eight years ago and it was absolutely

　　upsetting. But I've had great support from my family and friends who always encourage me to enjoy life.”

　　Mr Proctor did the jump with the RAF Falcons and raised $3，000 for the Royal Air Force Association which provides support for servicemen and their families.

　　语篇解读：Peter Proctor曾经是一个战斗机飞行员而如今岁高龄的他第一次从13 000多英尺的高度腾空而下完成了生命中第一次跳伞。B．Inspired.解析：A　细节理解题。由第二段的“It was a nightmare trying to open up the hatches and jump out of the plane back then.”打开舱门跳下去如梦魇一般可知Mr Proctor当时很害怕。解析：选B　细节理解题。由第三段“Mr Proctor joined the RAF in 1942”和“He ended his career in the armed forces in 1946”可知Mr Proctor在RAF待了大约4年的时间。ies.

　　D．To challenge himself and realize his value of life.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。由最后一段的“...and raised ￡3可知答案。itle for the text?

　　A．A former pilot's first parachute jump

　　B．A newly­set Guinness record

　　C．The oldest parachute jumper

　　D．A pilot's colorful whole life

　　解析：选A　标题归纳题。由文章第一段可知本篇文章主要讲的是曾经任职飞行员现今92岁的老人的第一次高空跳伞。B

　　Cool temperatures, golden colors of autumn and dramatic events are just three reasons to visit Oregon's Washington County this fall. The season brings a large number of places to see and things to do. We've collected some of the best reasons why you should plan a trip here in the coming months.

　　It's a Harvest Season

　　Autumn marks the height of the agricultural season, which not only means a variety of autumn fruits and vegetables at the farmers' markets, but also means that the season is heating up with fun, family farm events. Three apple festivals this fall will celebrate the diversity and deliciousness of Oregon grown apples.

　　The Colors Are Changing

　　On a cool, autumn day, the rural, agricultural and forested scenery of Oregon's Washington County comes alive with bright red, orange and yellow leaves —

　　a stark contrast to the deep, dark green of the trees that share these landscapes.

　　Bird Migration Season Is in High Season

　　September and October are busy months for bird watchers. Migratory and native birds call Washington County “home”， whether it's for the winter or they're just visiting on their southern voyage.

　　Wine Harvest Season Brings Signature Tasting Events

　　Celebrate the splendor of Oregon wine at two of the region's biggest wine events, which happen annually in the fall. The North Willamette Harvest Trail and Grand Tasting is a full­day guided bus tour to three wineries featuring hands­on experiences, vineyard exploration, a wine country lunch, and wine tastings.

　　Experience Tree­to­Tree Adventures at Sunset

　　Enjoy the crisp temperatures and rich colors of the season at

　　Tree Adventure Park, an aerial ropes course with six challenging courses and zip­line park, all rolled into one. These are the final months to enjoy this fun and exciting attraction until it closes for the season in November.

　　Plan your own Oregon's Washington County autumn getaway. Read this great digital visitor guide for ideas and inspiration.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。伴随着秋天的来临天气凉爽在接下来的几个月里人们可以去俄勒冈州游玩。可以来参加苹果丰收节赏叶、观赏鸟类、品尝当地庄园红酒和空中绳索课程。________．ds with farmers

　　C．join in the celebrations

　　D．feel satisfied with fun

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段“Three apple festivals this fall will celebrate the diversity and deliciousness of Oregon grown apples.”可知当我们来到农夫市场时我们可以参加苹果节的庆祝典礼故选C。The bird watchers go to Washington County because

　　________．

　　A．they are attracted by colorful leaves

　　B．the native birds leave their home

　　C．they can see different kinds of birds

　　D．the birds start their southern voyage

　　解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段“Migratory and native birds call Washington County ‘home’可判断鸟类观察者会来到华盛顿县因为这里有种类繁多的鸟类故选C。h that ________．解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第五段“three wineries featuring hands­on experiences, 可知俄勒冈州有三大酿酒厂农夫们善于种植葡萄故选B。ounty

　　B．Washington County Welcomes its Best Season

　　C．Charm of the Colorful Season

　　D．Take Adventures in the Coming Autumn

　　解析：选A　标题归We've collected some of the best reasons why you should plan a trip here in the coming months.”可知这篇文章主要讲述的是去俄勒冈州游玩的原因故选A。任务型阅读Different Cultures

　　The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot.

　　1.________

　　The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India.

　　2.________

　　When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.

　　3.________

　　Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America,

　　their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean.

　　So the American culture doesn't distinguish from the European culture a lot.

　　4．________

　　Take the language system

　　for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system.

　　Other causes like human race difference counts as well.

　　But what's more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries.

　　So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干扰) from the other.________

　　But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful.

　　The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障碍)

　　to the civilization of human being.

　　It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.And these two are well known as the base of the European culture.

　　D．At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences.

　　E．This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.

　　F．They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.

　　G．They are obvious and affect people's ways of thinking and their views of the world.

　　答案：1～5　EFCDG完形填空

　　(2016·郑州市毕业预测)Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation? That's why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation — __1__ if you are trying to sell something!__2__ of you and it will also show your emotions. It's very difficult to make your body __3__. It's easy to tell the difference between a __4__ smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), know what someone really __5__， whatever they may be saying with __6__．__7__. Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can __8__ misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle __9__ made with three raised fingers means “OK” in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a __10__ gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means “money”！__11__ hands or kissing are not __12__. In some parts of Asia, __13__， it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of __14__．shake hands when you __15__ someone for the first time and both men and women can __16__ a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman __17__ they are in a business situation.

　　If you want to avoid making __18__ mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should __19__ their basic cultures before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to __20__ people.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异。B.particularly

　　C.importantly

　　D.practically

　　解析：选B　particularly“尤其特别”。由语境可知肢体语言在交流中非常重要因此面对面交流往往比通过电话交流要好尤其是当你要设法推销东西时。故B项正确。解析：选D　根据下文“it will also show your emotions”可知肢体语言不仅可以给他人留下总体印象(impression)还可以传达你的情感。故D项正确。解析：选A　由下文“a false smile”以及“it is usually possible to know what someone really ...”可推知让肢体撒谎(lie)是件很困难的事情。故A项正确。解析：选C　sincere“真诚的”。根据句中“between ... and a false smile”可知空格处应为与“false”词义相反的单词。故C项正确。解析：选B　根据语境可知如果掌握了肢体语言的密码那么就很有可能知道一个人的真实用意。故B项正确。解析：选A　联系上下文可知无论他们用言语说什么你都可以通过肢体语言来了解其真实用意。故A项正确。解析：选C　根据下文“Culture codes vary from one country to another”可知尽管大多数肢体语言都是通用的但由于国家之间存在着文化(cultural)差异因此还有许多肢体语言具有文化特色。故C项正确。解析：选D　clear up“清理”；cut down“削减砍倒”；refer to“参考涉及”；lead to“导致”。根据语境可知文化差异的存在往往会导致误解的产生。故D项正确。解析：选A　根据语境可知在美国三根伸出的手指构成的圆圈手势表示赞同。“sign”与“gesture”词义相近。故A项正确。解析：选B　根据句中的“showing disrespect”可知在巴西、希腊和德国该手势表示粗鲁(rude)。故B项正确。解析：选D　shake“握手”；touch“接触”；raisehold“持有”。句意：异性之间通过手拉手或亲吻来表达爱意是不被接受的。下文的“hold hands”是提示故D项正确。解析：选C　根据语境可知男女之间在公众场合表达爱意如手拉手或亲吻是不被接受的(acceptable)。故C项正确。解析：选C　联系上文可知在许多亚洲文化中异性之间在公众场合手拉手或亲吻是不被接受的然而在亚洲的一些地方同性之间的这些举动却是很普遍的。两句间构成转折关系。故C项正确。解析：选A　根据上文“displays of affection”可A项正确。approach

　　D.meet

　　解析：选D　根据生活常识可知人们在初次见面(meet)时往往会握手。故D项正确。解析：选B　根据语境可知start a handshake“主动伸手”符合语境。unless

　　B.until

　　C.if

　　D.while

　　解析：选A　由语境可知在印度尼西亚除非在生意场合否则男性不能主动和女性握手。unless“除非”符合语境。故A项正确。解析：选C　联系上文中提及的一些肢体语言在不同文化中的不同含义可知当你去国外旅游时为了避免出现一些令人尴尬的(embarrassing)错误应该在出发前了解一些当地的基本文化常识。故C项正确。解析：选D　句意同上。experience“经历”；developrespect“尊重”；understand“明白获悉理解”。故D项正确。rt

　　C.affect

　　D.disturb

　　解析：选B　根据语境可知如能事先了解不同国家的文化习俗就能减小伤害(hurt)他人的可能性。故B项正确。短文改错(2016·烟台市二模)I was not good in math in the first year of junior high school. Having been failed so many times in math exams, that I didn't need to worry about making mistakes because I could find out my shortcomings through my mistake. She always encouraged myself to try again whenever I make a mistake. Thanks to my teacher's encouragement, I became interesting in math and made rapid progress. My experience proves that failure was the mother of success and that we can learn a lot from our mistakes.

　　答案：第一句：第一个in→at第二句：去掉been第三句：hardly→hard; that→which第四句：second前加the第五句：mistake→mistakes第六句：myself→me; make→made第七句：interesting→interested第八句：was→is