2017届高考英语一轮全册复习学案：Unit13《People》（北师大版）

　　Unit 13　People

　　需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义弱点缺陷gain vt.

　　获得增加被动的消极的以前的过去的积极的律师联系；连接有天赋的ademic

　　adj.

　　学术的应得值得失败如此因此完全地独立的自私的ndness n.

　　和善亲切助手助理眼泪不安的不快的错误缺点图书馆管理员感激的感谢的shortcoming n.

　　缺点短处部分时间地需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变长处优势→strengthen ．加强 →strong 强壮的集中(思想注意concentration n．专心联想；联系 →association ．联想；协会表情；词语→express ．表达特快的 ．快递描述；形describe v．描述预言；预测→prediction ．预测预告→预言家满意满足→satisfy ．满足→satisfied (感到)满足的→satisfactory 令人满意的减轻；宽慰→relieve ．减轻；解除；缓和忧虑；担心→anxious 忧虑的；焦急的(银行)账户；描述叙述；报告；解释说明→accountant ．会计；会计师专心致志于；献身于→devotion ．奉献需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义 评估适当地内高级的物理学家制服面部的飞机航空器紧急情况精确地准确地错误的联想；协会可能性大使馆售票员；指挥adj.

　　喜爱运动的敏锐的；锋利的尖的特点特性渴望欲望收获生物学独立n.

　　翻译员躲避学者天文学过敏的复习怒视瞪喜爱文学的叹息叹气不安的；有罪的相像的卫星；人造卫星含盐的咸的同伴伴侣38．disability n.

　　残疾无能力

　　1．concentrate_on集中精力于说服某人做……起草以……结束 处理；应付6．in_terms_of

　　就……来说；用……措辞控告某人……捡起；学会；收听；好转情不自禁做……受……欢迎献身于；奉献于

　　1．[教材原句]It_is_generally_believed_that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life.人们普遍认为高情商的人善于接受新观念对待生活态度较积极。[句式解读]It is believed/said/thought that ...意为“人们认为/说/想……”相当于sb./sth. is believed/said/thought that ...。[教材原句]On the other hand,

　　people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations ...

　　另一方面毫无疑问的是低情商的人经常在与别人相处和处理困难形势时有问题……[句式解读]There is little/no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……。[教材原句]I really dislike_it_when he eats garlic for lunch.[句式解读]动词dislike, 等后面常用it作形式宾语再接宾语从句。[教材原句]I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, 我越来越烦躁当然越烦躁就越难集中注意力。[句式解读]the more ..., 为“the ＋ 比较级＋比较级”结构意为“越……越……”相当于条件状语从句相当于主句。

　　[重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]

　　1concentrate　．集中(思想、注意力等)[高考佳句](2017·福建高考完形)And I realized he had been doing what music teachers always stress: concentrate on the music and pretend the others aren't there.我意识到他一直在做音乐老师总是强调的事情：专心于音乐假装没有其他人在那儿。(1)concentrate ... on/upon (doing) sth.

　　把……专注于……e on/upon ...

　　专注于……(2)concentration n.

　　专心；集中Many media in China concentrated their attention on

　　the explosion of Tianjin.

　　中国许多媒体把注意力集中在天津爆炸案上。When you concentrate on one task, you can find you have energy that you didn't even know you had.

　　当你集中于一项任务时你会发现你拥有甚至自己都不知道的能量。There is a great need for greater concentration on environmental issues.

　　更多关注环境问题非常有必要。[熟词生义]　The population is concentrated along the river banks.聚集[联想发散]　concentrate on的同义短语有：集中精力于……absorbed in (doing) ... /bury oneself in ... /be buried in .../put one's heart into/devote oneself to ... 全神贯注于(做)……

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(concentrate) upon someone else.

　　②It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.

　　③Absorbed (absorb) in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room.

　　Ⅱ.一句多译自从她走后他全身心扑在了工作上。－1 Since she left, －2

　　Since she left, －3

　　Since she left, 2．deserve　．值得；应得；应受[高考佳句](2017· 福建高考阅读C) These patients deserve a chance at a normal, 这些患者值得拥有一个正常、快乐、幸福的未来他们依靠陌生人的好心实现它。 应该做……；值得做……＝ deserve doing值得被做值得考虑/注意It's true that she made a mistake but she hardly deserves to lose her job.

　　她的确犯了错但她不应该被解雇。It is those who are willing to give rather than receive that deserve respecting/to be respected.

　　正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才应受到尊敬。With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves attention.

　　许多野生动物逐渐灭绝目前形势值得注意。[联想发散]　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同即可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义类似的还有need,_等。

　　Ⅰ.一句多译不管你是谁你都应该得到平等的对待。－1 Whoever you are, (deserve ＋)

　　①－2 Whoever you are, (deserve ＋doing)－3 Whoever you are, ( deserve ＋to be done)单句写作无论一个工作多么普通它在社会中都起着重要作用所以值得我们的尊重。ue_respect.

　　3．accuse　控告；谴责；指责[经典例句]Her assistant was accused of theft and fraud by the police.她的助手被警方指控犯有盗窃和欺诈罪。(1)accuse sb. of sth./doing sth.＝ charge sb. with sth.　因……而指责某人(2)accusing adj.

　　谴责的；指责的(3)the accused

　　n.

　　(刑事)被告[C]

　　控告起诉谴责I don't think anyone can accuse me of not being frank.

　　我想任何人都不能指责我不坦率。Charged with murder, Breivik was forbidden to go abroad by the police.

　　由于被指控谋杀布雷维克被警察禁止出国。The accusing look in her eyes conveyed her sense of betrayal.

　　她责备的眼神中流露出一种被骗的神情。[联想发散]　与accuse sb. of sth. 搭配类似的短语有：　提醒某人某事抢了某人某物 of sth.

　　提醒某人某事使某人相信某事警告某人某事要求某人某事

　　Ⅰ.用accuse的适当形式填空句式升级(用过去分词短语作状语)4．desire　．渴望；欲望；渴望的人或物 渴望得到；想要[高考佳句](2017·重庆高考写作)It's our desire that you should provide some money to fund our program, 我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金还能提供一些实用的建议。(1)have a strong desire

　　(2)desire to do sth. 　渴望做某事desire that ...(should) do sth.

　　渴望……He has a strong desire for success

　　though he has failed many times.

　　尽管他失败了多次但是他仍然渴望成功。We always desire to live

　　in peace with our neighbors.

　　我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。We desire that immediate help (should) be given to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.

　　我们渴望给予那些被洪水围困的当地村民们即刻的救援。

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(win) back the manager's trust.

　　②The prince desired her to_be (be) his queen.

　　③She desires that these letters (should)_be_burnt (burn) after her death.

　　Ⅱ.一句多译我们班的每个学生都渴望上名牌大学。－1 Each student in our class has_a_strong_desire_to_go_to_a_famous_university．(desire ．)2 Each student in our class desires_to_go_to_a_famous_university．(desire v．)5．upset　心烦意乱的；不安的不快的 ．使不安；使心烦；打乱打翻[高考(2015·广东高考阅读B)I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. 我常常很烦总是问他为什么。(1)be/feel upset about/over/at sth.　为某事心烦/难过对做某事感到不安/难过(2)(sth.) upset(s) sb.

　　(某事)使某人心烦为某事而烦恼(s)

　　sb. to do sth./that ...

　　使某人心烦意乱的是……I am

　　upset to hear that his father has lost his job.

　　听He was

　　upset that you didn't reply to his letters.

　　＝It upset him that you didn't reply to his letters.你没有给他回信他很不安。Don't upset yourself about it — no harm has been done.

　　不要为那件事烦恼——没有造成损失。[名师指津]　(1)upset充当形容词时常用作表语不能作定语。(2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(upset) people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.

　　②It upset me

　　to_find (find) out that he didn't like my gift at all.

　　③She was upset about/over/at her failure in the English exam.

　　Ⅱ.一句多译他的不辞而别让她感到不安。－1 She was_upset_that he had left without saying goodbye.－2 It_upset_her_that he had left without saying goodbye.单句写作(2017·山我曾经不擅长英语掌握词汇少语法也差这使我确实伤心。ry good at English. I didn't know enough words and my grammar was also poor, which really upset_me/made_me_upset．

　　6．relief　．(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除、减轻、调剂[高考佳句](2015·四川高考阅读B)Finally, relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam.

　　最后爸爸关上炉子锅开始冷却下来减压阀喷出一团蒸汽。(1)to one's relief　使某人宽慰的是宽慰地

　　可轻松了！/多么令人欣慰啊！做某事对某人来说很宽慰(2)relieve v.

　　解除减轻缓解解除某人的(负担、痛苦等)

　　(3)relieved adj.

　　感到宽慰的放心的对做某事感到宽慰/放心To our relief, the explosion which happened in Tianjin on August 12, 2015 has been dealt with in time.

　　让我们感到宽慰的是年8月12日发生在天津的爆炸事故得到了及时的处理。—Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.

　　—What a relief! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.

　　——妈妈别担心。医生说这只是感冒。终于可以松口气了！我将告诉你The new secretary will relieve

　　us

　　of the paperwork.

　　新来的秘书会减轻一些我们文案工作的负担。[熟词生义]　Much relief was sent to those made homeless by floods.救济

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空anded safely.

　　④(2016·陕西质检) It's been discovered in the study that people are more relieved (relief) after forgiving others. 一句多译听说你安然无恙的回来了我们都放心了。－1 We_were_relieved_to_hear_you_come_back_safe_and_sound.(relieve)－2 It's_a_relief_for_us_to_hear_you_come_back_safe_and_sound. (It's a relief ...)－3 To_our_relief,_ound. (to one's relief)

　　Ⅲ.根据提示完成小片段使父母感到宽慰的是孩子们已被安全地送到了医院并且吃下了缓解他们疼痛的药。当我们大家得知这个好消息后都宽慰地舒了口气。em_of their pain. We all sighed with_relief

　　when we heard the good news.

　　7．account　认为；说明；总计有 ．说明；理由；计算；账目；报道[高考佳句](2015·福建高考单选)It is said that body language

　　for 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.

　　据说体态55%，而你说的话只占7%。(1)account for　解释；说明；占……(比例)(2)on account of

　　由于；因为决不(置于句首时句子用部分倒装)

　　The heavy rain may have accounted for the absence of so many students this morning.

　　大雨可能导致了今早很多学生缺席。On no account should you leave the baby alone in the house.

　　你切不可将婴儿独自留在家中。There are certain factors I must take into account on my new invention.

　　在我的新发明中我必须考虑一些特定的因素。[联想发散]　根据提示在下面表示“决不”的短语中填入介词。　②by no means

　　Ⅰ.写出下列句中account for或account的含义account for how I spent the money to my mother.解释s careless driving accounted for the accident.导致引起account after I made $1，000 by doing a part­time job during the summer vacation.账户单句语法填空On no account should the house be left unlocked.

　　⑤He'll have to account for where every cent goes.

　　⑥While building houses, they took account of safety.

　　8．devote　献身；专心于[高考佳句](2015·四川高考阅读C)The emotional, devote to their children can be never­ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness.

　　母亲们为孩子们所付出的情感、身体和精神方面的精力永远没有终结但她们也收获了孩子们带来的快乐和幸福。(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.

　　献身于……；致力于……　(doing) sth.

　　把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于……(2)devoted adj. 　忠实的；深爱的(doing) sth.

　　专心于；奉献于……(3)devotion n.

　　关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚The reform will help change the current English testing system, which makes students “devote too much time to

　　the learning of English grammar”．这次改革将有助于改变当前的英语考试制度这项制度使学生“花太多时间学习英语语法”。Her son, to whom she is (so) devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village.

　　她非常疼爱的儿子去年去了国外留下她一个人在小村子里。Devoted to the study of science, she had little time to take care of her children.

　　她献身于科学研究几乎没有时间照看自己的孩子。[联想发散]　以下短to是介词不是不定式符号后接动词时应用动名词形式。盼望做某事反对做某事反对做某事开始做某事注意做某事能胜任做某事/accustomed to doing sth.

　　习惯于做某事(oneself) to doing sth.

　　适应做某事

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空ore time to this question.

　　②Devoting (devote) herself to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.

　　＝Devoted (devote) to teaching the deaf children,

　　has little time to care for her own daughter.

　　③The dog had such devotion (devote) to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.

　　Ⅱ.用devote的相关词语完成小片段oted friend. Since graduation, he _has_been_devoted_to/has_devoted_himself_to improving the education of the local people. In addition to teaching, he has _devoted a lot of time to raising money to build more schools. His devotion to his work moves the people deeply.

　　9．in terms of ...　就……来说；从……角度[高考佳句](2015·浙江高考完形)In a society that tends to measure everything in terms of dollars and cents, 在一个倾向于用钱财来衡量一切的社会里我们从小就学会了从经济学角度考虑所作的决定的代价。达成协议；和好；接受；适应关系良好/不好就长远/短期而言The country is very poor and it has to come to terms with the neighbouring countries.

　　这个国家很穷它不得不与邻国和解。We are on good terms with all our neighbours.

　　我们与所有的邻居关系都好。The company's prospects look good in the long term.

　　从长远看这家公司前途无量。

　　Ⅰ.用term的相关短语填空就生意方面来说他们相处得很好；然而从友谊角度来说他们关系却不好。_bad_terms．单句写作我确信从能力和经验的角度来说你绝对适合这个职位。10．can't help doing ...　禁不住做……[教材原句]I couldn't help laughing at this and I invited her back to my apartment for a quick cup of tea.听了这话我禁不住笑了起来然后我回请她去我家喝杯茶。lp/choose but do ... 　 不得不做……(to) do sth.

　　不能帮忙做……忍不住无法控制自己不是某人的过错；是没有办法的事实在没She couldn't help herself and burst into tears.

　　她无法控制自己突然大哭起来。She could not help it if her emotions took charge of her.

　　如果她情绪失控那也不能怪她。It can't be helped. We'll just have to manage without her.

　　实在没办法我们只好在没有她的情况下自己应付了。[联想发散]　表示“别无选择只好做某事不得不做某事”的表达除can't help but do sth.以外还有哪些？请完成下列短语。＝ can do nothing but do sth.＝ have no alternative but to_do sth.

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(start) moving when you hear this song.

　　②She can't help (to)_clean (clean) the house because she's busy making a cake.

　　③Hearing the news, she couldn't help crying (cry)．句型转换(choose)

　　→When he starts shouting at me,

　　I

　　can do nothing but shout back. (do)

　　→When he starts shouting at me,

　　I have no choice/alternative but to shout back.

　　(choice/alternative)

　　[常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]1．fault　．责任；过错；缺点对……挑毛病[练习]单句语法填空with her friends.

　　②The driver who didn't stop at the red light was at fault in the accident.

　　find fault with “对……不满，对……挑剔”；at fault “有错有责任”。　

　　2．judge　断定；判断；判决 ．裁判员；法官；评判员[练习]完成句子(2017·重庆高考完形B)Wearing proper clothes is important too,

　　locals will judge_you_by what you wear.

　　穿合适的衣服也很重要因为当地人会根据你的穿着来判断你。根据车子的数量来判断他认为俱乐部里还没有多少人。judge ...from/by ...“从……来判断”；judging by/from“从……上看；根据……判断”为一个独立成分不受句子主语和时态影响只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。　3．talk sb. into doing ...　说服某人做……[练习]介、副词填空talk sb. into doing “说服某人做……”；talk sb. out of doing“说服某人不做……”。　4．gifted　有天赋的[练习]句型转换be gifted/talented in ＝ have a gift/talent for“在……上有天赋”。　 5．aboard　在船(飞机、火车、公共汽车)上[练习]写出下列句中aboard的词性和词义aboard.adv.在飞机上aboard the ship.prep.上船

　　6.glare vi.怒视

　　［练习］完成句子

　　①It is rude to stare at other people.

　　盯着别人看不礼貌。

　　②He glared at me hatefully.

　　他以仇恨的眼神盯着我。

　　7. guilty

　　adj.愧疚的；有罪的

　　［练习］单句语法填空

　　①You weren't convinced of Mr

　　Matthew's

　　guilt （guilty）.

　　②They were found guilty of murder.

　　1．I really dislike_it_when he eats garlic for lunch.

　　我真的不喜欢他午饭吃大蒜。“dislike it＋从句”可看作固定句型。英语中动词like, 等词后需先接形式宾语it再跟宾语从句。I don't like it when you shout at me.

　　我不喜欢你对我大喊大叫。I would appreciate it if you could teach me how to use the computer.

　　如果你能教我怎样使用电脑的话我会非常感激。Legend has it that Fuji arose in a night.

　　传说富士山是一夜之间出现的。[名师指津]　用it作形式宾语代替宾语从句的除了上述情况外还有下面几种(1)某些作介词宾语的that从句要放在形式宾语it之后。You may rely on it that he will come in time.

　　你放心好了他会准时来的。(2)当用作动词宾语的that从句后边有宾语补足语时常在宾语位置上用一个形式宾语it而把真正的宾语that从句放到宾语补足语之后。We regard it as preferable that she should study here.

　　我们认为她在这里学习更好。(3)某些动词后的宾语从句较长状语较短也可以在宾语位置上用一个形式宾语it而把真正的宾语从句放到状语之后。He owes it to his first teacher that he has good pronunciation.

　　他把自己的发音正确归功于第一个老师。

　　Ⅰ.单句改错后加it后加it完成句子hat he's not interested in the book.

　　我猜想他对这本书不感兴趣。他确保工作准时完成。我希望人们理解他做的事与我无关。我让你自己判断这件事该不该做。2．I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, the_more upset I got, the_less I was able to concentrate.

　　我越来越烦躁当然越烦躁就越难集中注意力。(1)句中含有“the＋比较级(...), the＋比较级(...)”结构该结构意为“越……就越……”表示后者随着前The higher you stand, the farther you will see.

　　你站得越高就看得越远。(2)从结构上看第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句在表示将来意义的情况下从句用一般现在时表示将来。The more you talk to the children, the less they will listen.

　　你对孩子说得越多他们听进去的就越少。(3)当句意明确时此句型结构常以省略形式出现。The more, the better.

　　多多益善。

　　Ⅰ.完成句子(越早) you start, (越快) you walk, (越早) you will get there.Advice is like snow: the_softer (越和缓) it falls, (越长) it dwells in the mind and the_deeper (越深) it sinks into the mind.句式升级e will usually be.

　　→If_a_man_is_more_learned,_he_will_usually_be_more_modest. (改为条件句)(改为省略句)

　　[单元基础落实练]

　　用所给词的适当(2016·广东省三所名校高三模拟)The test can accurately (accurate) predict what a bigger explosion would do.(describe) of what he had seen in the mountain.

　　3．My brother strengthens himself by taking outdoor exercise every day；now he is so strong that I dare not measure strength against him.(strength)(2016·成都诊断)The scientists in America predict that the previous predictions that the Greek predictors made won't turn into reality.(predict)5．To the mother's satisfaction,_her son achieved satisfactory results in study, which, of course,

　　satisfied the whole family.(satisfaction)

　　Ⅱ.单句改错d his whole life to promote world peace.promote→promoting

　　2．Many media in the world concentrate their attention to the submit of the Group of Twenty.to→on/upon

　　3．(2016·东北三省四市高三联考)He desired me inform her that he had made his peace with George.me后加to选词填空e sometimes can't_help being persuaded into buying something they don't really need.

　　3．To_be_honest,_I don't like the way you speak to your parents.

　　4．The buyer, strangely, was_upset_about paying such a low price.

　　5．If the culture is important in_terms_of the creative environment, then that will be protected.

　　6．The Birthday Song is_popular_with people around the world.

　　7．They drew_up and executed a plan to reduce fuel consumption.

　　8．Men in shirt stood outside their houses and glared_at us.

　　9．After much discussion about holidays abroad we ended_up in Cornwall.

　　10．No one can finish this task on_his_own．

　　Ⅳ.完成句子所有的狗都是同一个祖先人们相信狗的祖先很像狼。(2016·深圳市高三调研)There_is_little/no_doubt_that the earth is larger than the moon. 毫无疑问地球比月球大。我不喜欢她对我做事指手画脚。the_sooner you'll be back.

　　你出发得越早回来得就越早。如果有的话这三巨头大概会变得更加垄断。那座宫殿美得无法形容。Ⅴ.课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正Most students do an IQ test early in their school career because they believe that it is IQ ①that determines how well they're going to do in life. ②However,_new research into EQ suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following ③description (describe): At work, it is IQ that gets you ④hired (hire) but it is EQ that gets you promoted. ⑤Supported (support) by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone's future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might ⑥actually (actual) matter more than their IQ.

　　The result of studies shows that EQ is ⑦as important, if not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world and lead ⑧a happy successful life means getting on ⑨with other people and ⑩being (be) able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.

　　Ⅵ.话题微写作根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。这位年轻的司机一直专注于赚更多的钱来养家把大多时间都用在了工作上期望通过努力工作来过上美好的生活。(concentrate on, )

　　2．但是最近他被指控酒驾并被法官判处六个月监禁。(accuse, e)

　　3．听到这个消息他妻子禁不住痛哭起来。 (can't help doing)她证实因为工作压力太大他有时会感到沮丧并喝点啤酒来解脱自己。 (confirm, )

　　5．但是越喝酒心情越差。(the＋比较级＋比较级)市民认为既然这名司机被证实酒驾就理应受到惩罚。 (deserve)concentrated on making more money to support his family. He devoted most of his time to his work and desired to live a happy life by working hard. However, recently he was accused of drunk driving and sentenced to six months in prison by the judge. Hearing the news, his wife couldn't help crying. She confirmed that facing the great work pressure, he sometimes felt upset and drank some beer to relieve himself. But the more beer he drank, the worse he felt. In the citizens' opinion, since the

　　driver proved to be drunk driving, he deserved the punishment.

　　[高考题型提能练]阅读理解A

　　(2016·邯郸高三质检)Since Henry Ford turned it into a mass－market product a century ago, he car has delivered many benefits. It has promoted economic growth, increased social mobility and given people a lot of fun. But the car has also brought many problems. It pollutes the air, creates traffic jams and kills people. An astonishing 1.24 million people die, and as many as 50 million are hurt, in road accidents each year.

　　Drivers and passengers waste around 90 billion hours in traffic jams each year. In some car－choked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.－ups. “Connected cars” — which may eventually develop into driverless cars but for the foreseeable future will still have a human at the wheel — can communicate wirelessly with each other and with traffic management systems, uipment that lets them keep their distance and stay in a motorway automatically at a range of speeds. Soon, all new cars in Europe will have to be able to warn the emergency services if their on－board sensors (传感器) discover a crash. Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路 to smooth traffic flows during rush hours; Britain is pioneering “smart motorways”， whose speed limits vary constantly to achieve a_similar_effect. These new inventions could create a much more highly effective system in which cars and their drivers are constantly warned of dangers and showed the ways. Traffic always flows at the proper speed and vehicles can travel closer together, yet with less risk of crashing.

　　In the past, more people driving meant more roads, more jams, more death and more pollution. In future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.

　　语篇解读：文章主要介绍了未来的汽车。汽车给人们带来方便之余也给人们的生活带来了许多问题甚至威胁到了人们的生命和安全。幸运的是一项新科技有望减少污染和拥堵并使驾驶变得更安全。1.According to Paragraph 2, ________．解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段“In some car－choked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.”可知在一些拥挤的城市里寻找停车位所耗费的汽油占汽油使用量的三分之一说明停车造成大量汽油的浪费故选B。ilding smart motorways.

　　C．Setting proper speed limits.

　　D．Keeping steady traffic flows.

　　解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据本段“Singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours”可知新加坡通过使用浮动的道路通行费来疏导车流英国也正在采取措施来取得类似的效果故选D。

　　B．Doubtful.解析：选C　观点态度题。根据第四段“These new inventions could create a much more highly effective system”和第五段“In future, 可知作者认为这种新的发明能创造出一种更有效的交通体制在带给人们驾车的乐趣的同时也会减少事故带来的伤痛说明作者对这项发明是支持的故选C。the text?

　　A．The Future of Cars: Wireless Wheels

　　B．The Future Traffic Management System

　　C．The Benefits and Problems of Cars

　　D．The Promising Future of Car Production

　　解析：选A　标题归纳题。根据第三段“a new technology promises to make motoring safer, －ups. ‘Connected cars’ — which may eventually develop into driverless cars”和第四段“Many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance”和第五段“In future, ed car could offer ...less of the pain.”可知文章主要讲的是未来的汽车而不是未来的交通管理系统。故选A。B

　　(2016·江西省九校联合考试)If you have an allergy to some food, about 3 million in the United States alone.

　　The foods that cause the most food allergies include peanuts and other nuts; seafood, such as shrimp; milk, particularly cow's milk; eggs; wheat.

　　What Is a Food Allergy?

　　Food allergies occur when your immune system makes a mistake. Usually, your immune system protects you from germs and disease. It does this by making antibodies that help you fight off bacteria, viruses, and other tiny organisms that can make you sick. But if you have a food allergy, your immune system mistakenly treats something in a certain food as if it's really dangerous to you.

　　What's a Reaction Like?

　　In the most serious cases, a food allergy can cause anaphylaxis (过敏症). This is a sudden, tion in which several problems occur all at once and can involve the skin, breathing, digestion, the heart and blood vessels. A person's blood pressure can drop, breathing tubes can narrow and the tongue can swell. People at risk for this kind of reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies, when they might need to get special medicine to stop these symptoms from getting worse.

　　What Will the Doctor Do?

　　If you think you may be allergic to a certain food, let your parents know. They will take you to the doctor to get it checked out. If your doctor thinks you might have a food allergy, he or she will probably send you to see a doctor who specializes in allergies. The allergy specialist will ask you about past reactions and how long it takes between eating the food and getting the symptom, such as hives. The allergist also may ask about whether anyone else in your family has allergies or other allergy－related conditions. The allergist may also want to do a skin test. This is a way of seeing how your body reacts to a very small amount of the food that is giving you trouble.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物过敏症的一些知识包括食物过敏症的症状及其应对措施等。your immune system ________．icals to remove harmful things in a certain food

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“But if you have ... dangerous to you.”可知当你过敏时你的免疫系统会误认为某种食物中的某种物质是有害物质而产生抗体。故选B项。following may happen?

　　A．Blood pressure rising.

　　B．Lips swelling.

　　C．Breathing difficulty.

　　D．Heart beating becoming slow.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“This is a sudden ... and blood vessels.”及下一句中的“breathing tubes can narrow”可知过敏严重时可能会使呼吸管变窄出现呼吸困难。故选C项。 with special medicine for possible symptoms.

　　D．Preparing a plan for dealing with emergencies ahead of time.

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“People at risk for this kind of

　　reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies”可知过敏者应提前做好应对突发事件的准备。故选D项。－associated information.ut your present feeling towards the food.

　　D．Give you a shot of liquid extract of food.

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第四、五句“The allergy specialist ... or other allergy－related conditions.”可知过敏症专科医师会询问一些与过敏反应相关的问题。故答案为A项。C

　　Stressed? It is shown in recent research that walking or cycling to work calms you down (traveling by bus or train is also better than driving)．stopped driving the car and started walking or cycling became calmer and found it easier to concentrate. A study of 18，000 Britons found that going to work by train or bus improved their well－being compared with driving.he University of East Anglia's Norwich Medical School, said that despite the crowds and disruption, walking to bus stops or stations and being able to relax on the journey “cheer people up”. Two thirds drive to work, 18 percent use public transport, 11 percent walk and 3 percent cycle.

　　A research earlier this year found that commuters (乘公共车辆往返者) had small but statistically significant lower scores on all measures of well－being. The worst effects were witnessed in those whose journeys last between 61 and 90 minutes. But when commuting time reaches three hours or more, －being are the greatest for anxiety and happiness, －to－day emotions more than overall who spend mornings and evenings sitting in traffic jam, already know: commuting can be a chore．”语篇解读：研究表明骑车或步行上班有助于排解压力提高幸福指数。Feeling stressed can be predicted.

　　C．Walking to work helps reduce stress.

　　D．Travelling by bus makes people excited.

　　解析：选C　主旨大意题。通读第一段可以知道步行去上班有利于缓解压力。________．preferred by most people

　　B．easier to perform in daily life

　　C．making people more creative

　　D．beneficial to the sense of happiness

　　解析：选D　细节理解题。第二、三段的内容告诉我们：研究发现步行上班有助于提高幸福指数。mean?

　　A．Tiresome task.

　　B．Amazing challenge.

　　C．Meaningless thing.

　　D．Financial trouble.

　　解析：选A　词义猜测题。最后一段中提到乘公交车上下班的人们早、晚都遇到交通堵塞那肯定也是一件让人感到讨厌的事情。e.

　　C．A policy announcement.

　　D．A new lifestyle introduction.

　　解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章多处提到的researchers say, 以及A research可推测本文应该属于一篇科学研究报告。任务型阅读(2016·石家庄市复习教学质量检测)You want your essay to be the one that is passed around the admissions office or not? It's a little bit like the difference between being famous and infamous. Here are some basic tips to avoid that infamous essay：● Don't write the “safe” essay.

　　1．________

　　It could be something that others have also experienced, but make sure to say how it affected you. Something personal and unique never fails to stand out.

　　● Avoid the generic and get specific.

　　Never write that you're “well rounded” or that “many people have influenced” you. 2.________ Real and specific experiences are a lot more convincing than something you copy from the Internet.

　　●3.________

　　There is no need to share your participation level (hours per week and weeks per year) because colleges ask for that information on your activity list. It is important for the students to use every opportunity to show who they are and impress the admissions office.

　　● Don't talk about rankings.

　　Many students love focusing on the numbers when they are writing their “why this college” essay. They believe they are flattering (讨好) the college by saying the reason why they want to attend is that the college is highly ranked in ngs. 4.________

　　● Don't complain.

　　If you have gone through difficult circumstances, you should share your story. Don't point fingers. 5.________

　　A better essay will talk about how you have dealt with, and hopefully overcome the obstacles you came across.

　　A．It's important to show patience and determination.

　　B．This applies to all types of essays.

　　C．Don't forget about the activity list.

　　D．Pick a topic that only you can write about.

　　E．They just want to know why you want to attend.

　　F．Don't repeat information that is elsewhere in your application.

　　G．Tell the reader what you've done, how you've been influenced, and by whom.

　　答案：1～5　DGFEA语法填空(2016·河南三市第二次联考)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past few ________

　　(century), a new electrical generating and transmission system for the 21st century will leave a 2.________ (last) mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but 3.________ the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will 4.________ (lay) down to move electricity around.

　　Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in 5.________ West. This is not an argument against 6.________

　　(build) them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of 7.________， we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily 8.________ we can now.

　　So balance will have to 9.________

　　(make). Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species will be forced to move or will be 10.________

　　(careful) moved to special accommodation. Measures will be taken to reduce the immediate effects.

　　语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。对比高速公路、铁路的建设对美国西部的影响作者探　考查名词的数。空格前的“few”用于修饰可数名词复数故空格处应用century的复数形式centuries。　考查词性转换。根据空格前的冠词“a”和空格后的名词“mark”可推知空格处作定语修饰名词。故用last的形容词形式lasting。　考查介词。in the ways为固定搭配意为“以这些方式”符合语境。故填in。　考查动词的语态。因该句主语“power lines”和空格处所填动词之间为被动关系。故填be laid。　考查冠词。the West为专有名词意为“西部西方”。故填定冠词the。　考查非谓语动词。空格前的“against”为介词介词后应接名词、动build的动名词形式building。　考查代词。分析该句结构可知空格处代指该句中的“alternative energy”作介词of的宾语。故用it。　考查比较级结构。根据该句中的“far more”可知此处表示比较的概念空格处填比较级标志词than。far more than为固定搭配意为“远超过……”符合语境。　考查动词的语态。该句主语为“balance”和动词“make”之间是被动关系应用被动语态；根据空格前的“will have to”可知空格处应用be动词的原形。故填be made。　考查词性转换。分析该句结构可知空格处修饰动词“moved”应用副词。故填careful的副词形式carefully。书面表达(2016·辽宁省葫芦岛市一如今随着智能手机和电子设备的普及低头族”现象兴起人们沉溺于手机等电子设备因而忽略了自己和他人的沟通交流甚至在家庭聚餐中也只顾玩手机而不和长辈聊天老人感到失落万分请根据下图写一篇英语短文。

　　内容要点如下：描述图画内容；对图中现象加以分析；针对这个现象提出建议。注意：1.词数100左右；可适当发挥以使行文连贯。参考范文：an be seen from the picture, a big family get together to have a splendid dinner. But when they sit down to table, the young just bury themselves in playing with their cellphones, tablet PCs and other electronic devices, totally ignoring their parents, who feel very lonely and sad.

　　There is no doubt that cellphones have a negative effect on our lives. Heavy use of cellphones actually widens the distance between teenagers and their elders, leaving the elders more lonely. Worse still, addiction to cellphones might also lead to teenagers' poor performance at school, which adds to elders' worries. As far as I'm concerned, it's necessary to limit the time we spend using cellphones. And I think it important to communicate with our family members face to face, which helps build a harmonious family atmosphere.