2017届高考英语一轮复习知识点精练：2.3 情态动词和虚拟语气 Section Ⅰ（新人教版含解析）

　　PartⅠ　真题变式体验

　　1．[2015·福建高考]－Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

　　－Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.

　　答案：should　根据句式结构可知，此处考查情态动词用法，结合语义，可知此处表示“本应该做而未做的事”，故填should，暗含对对方的责怪。

　　2．[2015·陕西高考]You________ feel all the training a waste of time, but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

　　答案：may　根据句中的“but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it”可判断出，表示对前面情况的一种推测，所以用may“也许，可能”。

　　3．[2015·重庆高考]You ________ be Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

　　答案：must　依据第二句可知，此处应用must表示很有把握的推测，意为“一定，肯定”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。

　　4．[2015·陕西高考]Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.

　　答案：danced　动词wish后的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气。再根据句意，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中的谓语动词要用一般过去式。

　　5．[2015·重庆高考]Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________ (write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

　　答案：wouldn't have written　该句使用了含有without的含蓄虚拟语气，依据语境可知，这里是对过去情况的假设，因此主句用would＋have done结构。

　　6．[2015·天津高考]I ________ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.

　　答案：needn't　根据语义可知此处表示“没必要做某事反而做了，”故用“needn't have done”结构。

　　7．[2015·四川高考]You________ be careful with the camera. It costs!

　　答案：must　句意：你一定要小心这个相机。它很贵的！根据语境可知，此处表示“一定”，故用must。

　　8．[2017·福建高考]________ (be) there

　　no

　　modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.

　　答案：Were　本题考查虚拟语气。根据主句谓语结构would have

　　to可知设空处表示与现在事实相反的假设，if条件从句谓语应为“动词的过去式”，即If there were...，在虚拟条件句中可以省略if，把were提到句首。句意：要是没有现代化的通讯工具，我们要等上几周才能获取世界各地的资讯。

　　9．[2017·陕西高考]We

　　would

　　rather

　　our

　　daughter ________ (stay) at

　　home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child

　　any longer.

　　答案：stayed'考查虚拟语气。would rather...表示“宁愿，希望”，其后的从句要用虚拟语气。表示与现在或将来事实相反的假设时，从句用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句用过去完成时。如：I'd rather I had not gone wrong yesterday.要是我昨天不出错就好了。句意：我们希望女儿待在家里和我们在一起，但这是她的选择，她不再是个孩子了。

　　10．[2017·重庆高考]It was John who broke the window. Why are you

　　talking to me as if I ________ (do) it?

　　答案：had done'本题考查虚拟语气。第一句已经说明是John打坏的窗户，所以第二句中as if后面要用虚拟语气，而且是对过去的虚拟，故填had done。句意：是约翰打坏的窗户，你为什么和我说呢？好像是我打坏的一样。　

　　PartⅡ　语篇真题演练

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2017·广东高考]One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __16__ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much __17__ too little.”

　　His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, __18__ not save a bit of money？”

　　“That would be a very __19__ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours，” Nick said.

　　Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。

　　本文讲述的是尼克叫儿子去买些盐，并交代儿子要以合理公平的价格买，不能破坏市场平衡的故事，告诉我们要懂得尊重他人的劳动和维护生活中的公平。

　　Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。

　　16．found。考查时态。“他发现他的盐已经用完了。”由前一句中的“One day, Nick invited.”可知答案。

　　17．nor。考查副词。此处为固定结构。

　　18．why。考查连词。根据上下文可知，此处表示尼克儿子的疑问。

　　19．reasonable。考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词。

　　20．who。考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语且指人，可确定答案。

　　21．at。考查介词。“以比较低的价格”。Nick's guests, __20__ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt __21__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing

　　a lack of respect __22__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”

　　“But such a small thing couldn't __23__ (possible) destroy a village.”

　　“In

　　the beginning, there was only __24__ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always __25__ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”

　　22.for。考查固定短语。“show respect for”对……表示尊重。

　　23．possibly。考查副词。修饰动词应用副词。

　　24．a。考查冠词。表示“一点儿，少量的”。

　　25．thinking。考查非谓语动词。everyone是主语，added是谓语，think的逻辑主语是everyone，两者之间是主动关系。

　　Step 3：代入验证。

　　需考虑语法结构正确且语义符合逻辑，语法结合语义才能确保万无一失。