2017届高考英语一轮复习单元训练：5.5《First aid》（新人教版含解析）

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解(建议用时16′)

　　A

　　[2016·天水一中二诊]One day, I received a call from a colleague. He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem, while the student claimed a perfect score. I was elected as their arbiter (仲裁人). I read the examination problem：“Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer (气压计)．”The student had answered; “Take the barometer to the top of the building, attach a long rope to it, lower it to the street, and then bring it up, measuring the length of the rope. The length of it is the height of the building.”

　　The student had really answered the question completely, but the answer didn't confirm his competence in physics. I suggested the student try again. I gave him six minutes to answer the question, warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics. Five minutes later, he said he had many answers and dashed off one, which read：“Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof. Drop the barometer, timing its fall with a stopwatch. Then, use the physical formula (公式) to calculate the height of the building.”

　　At this point, my colleague had to accept it, and then the student made almost full marks. I couldn't help asking the student what the other answers were. He listed many others, and then added, “Probably the best is to take the barometer to the administrator and said to him, ‘Sir, here is a fine barometer. If you tell me the height of the building, I will give it to you.’”

　　Then, I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did, but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.

　　The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world. He won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.

　　本文讲述的是著名物理学家Bohr的一件轶事，说明了教育不应束缚学生思维的道理。

　　1．The student got a zero at the beginning because ________.

　　A．the teacher wasn't satisfied with him

　　B．his answer wasn't complete or correct

　　C．the teacher didn't fully understand his answer

　　D．his answer didn't show his knowledge of physics

　　答案：D　细节理解题。根据首段第二句“He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem.”可知。

　　2．We know from the passage that ________.

　　A．the student knew the expected answer

　　B．the administrator told Bohr the height

　　C．the author preferred Bohr's last answer

　　D．the teacher was a very stubborn person

　　答案：A　细节理解题。根据学生的几个对该物理问题的答案以及“I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question. He admitted that he did.”可知。

　　3．We can learn from the passage that ________.

　　A．instructors can teach students how to think

　　B．arbiters can help students to get high scores

　　C．students should be given more freedom in thinking

　　D．teachers should make students use physical formulas

　　答案：C　推理判断题。根据第四段“...but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think.”可推知。

　　4．What was Bohr's attitude toward his schooling?

　　A．Optimistic.

　　B．Critical.

　　C．Approving.

　　D．Neutral.

　　答案：B　推理判断题。解释同上题，表示Bohr对教育模式不满足，故用批判的态度对待他的学校。

　　1．claim vt./vi. 声称；要求

　　2.elect vt. 选举；挑选

　　3．competence n. 能力

　　4.height n. 高度

　　5．conventional adj. 传统的；常规的

　　1．attach...to... 附着于……；把……系到……上

　　2．fed up with 受够了……

　　原文：He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem, while the student claimed a perfect score.(while用法)

　　译文：就一个物理问题的答案，他要给一名学生零分，而这个学生要求一个完美的分数。

　　仿写：Some people waste food while_others_haven't_enough_to_eat.

　　一些人浪费粮食，而其他人却没有足够吃的。

　　B

　　[2016·济南一中质检]Square dancing is a form of entertainment and physical exercise, which is a good thing. However, a group of senior Chinese ladies dancing in New York's Sunset Park were recently faced with noise complaints from nearby residents. The local court even served a summons (传票) related to a certain Ms Wang.

　　The news soon caused heated discussion across China, with many believing the incident to involve a cultural conflict between the East and West, while others view it as a form of discrimination against Chinese in the United States.

　　The United States is a diverse society, and in many cases, Chinese dancers are tolerated and even appreciated. Meanwhile, the United States is a society based on the rule of law, and due to cultural differences, local regulations seem to be very different from those in China. As a result, some old Chinese ladies dancing in New York's Sunset Park found themselves caught in an embarrassing situation. Locals and immigrants from other nations view such noise as a violation of their right to enjoy tranquility. Calling the police is regarded as the most efficient way to solve such a problem.

　　Before, these ladies probably did not understand local customs and rules. However, since the incident took place, they should perhaps know a little better next time and keep the noise to a minimum. People from different nations are often supposed to reach compromises， respecting and tolerating each other.

　　Whatever your choice of entertainment, it is important not to affect other people's lives. Square dancing is only one of many activities during which people should mind their behavior.

　　As for US police practice, there might still be some room for improvement. Some were said to be rather rude, leading to the so­called “racial discrimination”， which is a sensitive topic in US society.

　　If the involved parties could be more tolerant, and solve such problems without involving the court, perhaps immigrants would mix more.

　　本文讲述的是中国大妈在纽约跳广场舞被抓一事，反映出一个问题：在幸福自己的时候，要考虑别人的感受才能使不同的文化融合在一起。

　　5．The writer mentions the incident in Paragraph 1 to ________.

　　A．show his opinion

　　B．make complaints

　　C．bring up the topic

　　D．criticize the local police

　　答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段讲述的内容，以及第二段及下文对该话题的讨论可知答案为C “引出话题”。

　　6．The underlined word “tranquility” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ________.

　　A．entertainment

　　B．quietness

　　C．freedom

　　D．quality

　　答案：B　词义猜测题。根据“tranquility”所在的句子中的“view such noise as a violation of their right”，可以判断答案是B “quietness”。

　　7．What will the senior Chinese ladies most probably do after the incident?

　　A．Go back to China.

　　B．Fight for their right.

　　C．Ask America to change its law.

　　D．Keep the noise lower.

　　答案：D　推理判断题。根据第五段“Square dancing is only one of many activities during which people should mind their behavior.”可知。

　　8．What's the writer's attitude towards senior Chinese ladies dancing in New York's Sunset Park?

　　A．He thinks all parties involved should be more tolerant.

　　B．He strongly supports the action of the local police.

　　C．He considers it a shame for senior Chinese ladies to do so.

　　D．He suggests such kind of problem should be solved in the court.

　　答案：A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的假设可知答案是A。

　　1．incident n. 事件

　　2.tolerate vt. 忍受；容忍

　　3．embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的

　　4．compromise n．/vi. 妥协；让步

　　5．sensitive adj. 敏感的

　　1．be faced with 面对；面临

　　2.due to 因为；由于

　　原文：Whatever your choice of entertainment, it is important not to affect other people's lives. (it作为形式主语)

　　译文：无论你选择的娱乐方式是什么，不影响其他人的生活是重要的。

　　仿写：It is necessary for_us_to_learn_a_foreign_language.

　　对我们来说，学习一门外语是很必要的。

　　Ⅱ.七选五(建议用时8′)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　[2016·山东名校联考]It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable when they are with their parents.

　　__1__ They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways, that they are too serious and too strict with their children, and that they seldom give their children a free hand.

　　It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children's trust and they always forget how they themselves felt when young.

　　__2__ It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation. Adults worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead.

　　Young people make their parents angry with their choices in clothes, in entertainment and in music. But they do not mean to cause any trouble: It is just that they feel cut off from the adult's world, and they have not yet been accepted into their world.__3__ And if their parents do not like their music or entertainment or clothes or their way of speech, this will make the young people very happy.

　　Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents to say “yes” to what you do.__4__ It is natural enough, after being a child for so many years, when you were completely under your parents' control.

　　__5__

　　If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will give you the right to do what you want to do.

　　A．They say that their parents don't understand them.

　　B．Young people like to live with their parents.

　　C．All you want is to be left alone and do what you like.

　　D．Young people like to act without much thinking.

　　E．If you plan to control your life, you'd better win your parents.

　　F．That's why young people want to make a new culture of their own.

　　G．Parents should understand young people.

　　本文讲述的是当年青人与父母住在一起时不舒服的原因，并分析如何使两代人和睦相处。

　　1．A　根据下文中“They often think that...，that...，and that...”可知此处说明年青人觉得父母不理解他们。

　　2．D　根据下文“It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation.”可知。

　　3．F　根据上文，“and they have not yet been accepted into their world”可知。

　　4．C　根据上文，“...you do not want your parents to say ‘yes’ to what you do.”可知。

　　5．E　作为最后一段第一句话，应有概括性，总结上文所讲述的内容，结合下文内容可知答案。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空(建议用时8′)

　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　[2016·河南重点中学联考]As I was making my way to the coffee shop, I noticed an old man __1__ was poorly dressed sitting on a bench nearby. I knew from first sight that he was in need of some kind of help. He had a little lunch stretched out in front of him and was wholeheartedly enjoying it.

　　Then I joined the line and waited __2__ (serve). There was a young man in front of me. He handed the waitress a twenty­dollar bill and requested a glass of orange juice as well __3__ a favour. The __4__ (puzzle) waitress looked at the young man, not __5__ (complete) understanding the request.

　　The young man asked her to give the juice and the change to __6__ old man eating his lunch outside on the bench. The waitress said she __7__ (give) them to the old man as he had told her to. Afterwards, there was a wonderful exchange between the waitress and the old man in need of some attention. I only wish I had a photo __8__ (take) to record the smiles on both of their faces.

　　As I was thinking about this event later on, I wondered __9__ the young man didn't just perform this act of kindness __10__ (he). I suspect that it is because in his heart he hoped that this act of kindness might inspire others to do something for this old man, too.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　本文讲述的是作者在一间咖啡店的经历，及对传递善行的思考。

　　1．who/that　考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语且先行词指人，故填who/that。

　　2．to be served　考查非谓语动词。wait后应跟不定式作宾语且serve与“I”之间为被动关系。

　　3．as　考查介词。as well as“除……之外，还……”。

　　4．puzzled　考查词形转换。定冠词与名词中间填形容词，且waitress自己“感到迷惑”，故填“puzzled”。

　　5．completely　考查词形转换。修饰非谓语动词时应用副词。

　　6．the　考查冠词。此处为特指上文的“老人”，故填the。

　　7．would give　考查动词时态。根据语境可知，she将把点的东西送给那位老人，故用将来时态，且主句用过去时态，故用过去将来时态。

　　8．taken　考查非谓语动词。“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构，photo与take之间为被动关系。

　　9．why　考查宾语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，但缺少语义，故结合语义可知。

　　10．himself　考查代词用法。结合语义可知答案：“我想知道为什么这个年轻人不亲自做善事”。

　　Ⅳ.书面表达(建议用时20′)

　　[2016·珠海市调研]曾经的“独生子女”政策已经改变，全国各省市已开始实施“单独二孩”的政策。你校对“你是否愿意家中有一个小弟弟或小妹妹？”的问题进行了调查。大多数同学表示愿意。请你对此话题用英语给校报写一篇短文，表达你的观点，内容包括：

　　1．对这一问题，同学们的观点和理由；

　　2．你个人的观点和理由。

　　注意：1.词数 100 左右；

　　2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

　　参考词汇：sibling [C]兄弟姐妹

　　________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　One possible version：

　　The “one child” policy has been changed in our country and it is possible that some of us may have a brother or sister. Are you willing to have a younger sibling in your family?

　　In a schoolwide survey about this question, most of my fellow students say yes. They are very glad to have a companion at home and therefore they will no longer feel lonely when their parents are busy working. In addition, they can learn to share things with and offer help to other people. The few others who say no to the question are afraid that their parents will love them less if they have a younger brother or sister at home.

　　As for me, I will be very happy to have a younger brother or sister. For one thing, a small child is great fun to me and I like to play with him or her. For another, I will have a good friend to do things with, to talk with and to share my life with.